DE2306426A1 - HEAT EXCHANGER - Google Patents

Description

Dipi. ing. F. Waickmann ,. ΟίρΙ. ! ng. H. Wsickmann, Dipl. Pnys. Dr. K. Fincke Dh !. ! ng. F. Λ ', V-iickmann, ül}; i. "hem. B Hunar 8 Munich 27- fcüililsir.: ⁵ 2

MODINE MANUFACTURING COMPANY 1500 Dekoven Avenue Racine, Wisconsin, V.St.A.

IVä rme t from ehe r

The invention relates to an exchange heat exchanger the heat between two liquids, in particular an oil cooler for an internal combustion engine.

The invention consists essentially in that the heat exchanger comprises a stack of stacked pairs of metal plates spaced from one another and are glued together in certain places and that into one Housing are received, the stack formed in such a way is that embedded flow spaces for a first fluid, for example for oil to be cooled, formed as well as these spaces enclosing flow spaces for a second fluid such as engine coolant and means provided are that the oil and the coolant through the corresponding Flow spaces away from the internal combustion engine and

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lead back again.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention is the heat exchanger is equipped with a device for mounting an oil filter, if it is used to cool engine lubricating oil, with fluid connections at the same time intended for the passage of the oil through the filter the passage of the oil through the filter is preferred before the oil is passed through the cooler! Heat exchanger takes place »

In a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, a line arranged centrally in the heat exchanger is used used to attach the heat exchanger to the engine block and at the same time the filter on the heat exchanger, if one such a filter is used, and finally to attach an end cap instead of a filter, if one is not used, and with the centrally located line one Bypass valve accommodates a direct return flow of the cold Allowing oil to flow to the engine without causing a noticeable flow of oil takes place through the cooling parts of the heat exchanger.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following description two embodiments based on the drawing. In this demonstrate:

Fig.1 is a partially broken away side view of a Engine blocks, on which an inventive, the noise dissipating oil cooler with a conventional oil filter is mounted;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig.1, in which the oil filter is replaced by an end cover;

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3 is a plan view of the heat exchanger in which Parts are cut away and both the filter according to Figure 1 and the cover according to Figure 2 are omitted are;

4 shows an enlarged longitudinal section through the inventive Heat exchanger;

Figure 5 is a plan view of one of the numerous in the Heat exchangers used liquid flow plates;

Figure 6 is a side view of the plate of Figure 5;

7 shows an enlarged cross section along the line 7-7 of Figure 5;

8 shows a plan view of a vortex wheel or a turbulence baffle, which is arranged in each case between an adjacent pair of plates;

9 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of a Detail of the turbulence baffle according to Figure 8, which is shown in Figure 4;

10 is a sectional view along the line 10-10 according to FIG Fig. 9;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4, in which however, a further embodiment is shown according to the invention;

Fig.12 is a view similar to Fig.5, in which a Plate according to the further embodiment of the invention is shown;

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Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13-13 according to Fig. 12 and

Figure 14 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 according to Fig. 12.

In the drawing it can be seen that the inventive Heat exchanger 10 is arranged on an engine block 11 and with a lubricating oil channel leading out of the engine block 12 and a second in the engine block returning lubricating oil channel 13 is in communication. Also, the engine block has an outlet and an inlet for the coolant, which of the coolant receiving parts of the engine block directly is passed to the heat exchanger 10 and back again. The coolant connections 14 and 15 and the liquid lines can be seen in FIGS.

Although the device according to the invention in the figures as Heat exchanger for cooling engine lubricating oil using a liquid coolant that comes directly from the machine comes, is shown, the device according to the invention can also be used for heat exchange between any two fluids. The embodiment shown in Figs of the heat exchanger according to the invention has a plurality of successive pairs of metal plates 16, which form a stack with a cylindrical outer surface. Each plate 16 has an outer edge 17 and one inner opening, which is limited by an inner edge 18 will. Each successive pair of plates is in a first Area 19 near the inner edges 18 and in one second area 20 lying within the plate outer edges 17 are connected to one another.

Each stacked pair of plates is from the first connection

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set 19 and the second connection point 20 offset to the side, so that a first chamber 21 is formed within each pair of plates. Since in the stack several consecutive Plate pairs are arranged, of course, as can be seen in FIG. 4, a plurality of successive ones Chambers 21 formed.

Furthermore, the adjoining plates of each stacked plate pair are in a third area 22 with one another connected, this third area lying outside the second area and, in the illustrated embodiment, runs on the circumference of the plate arrangement. The second Junction 20 of the plates is, as in the lower part of the Figure 4 is shown offset from the third connection point 22 laterally, so that on the circumference a number of second chambers 23 is formed. In these second connecting areas 20, at which the second chambers 23 with one another are connected, flow passages 24 are provided so that a fluid line 25 is formed. Each Successive plate pair 16 is offset from the third connection point 22 so that a row of third Chambers 26 is formed, which are in communication at their outer end with the second chambers 23 and at their inner end Open at the end of 27.

As will be described in more detail below, components are provided which have a first flow, in the case of the one shown Embodiment engine lubricating oil, radially through the internal open chamber ends 27 of a group of third chambers 26 lead to the outside and radially through a second group of these third chambers 26 through the open inner chamber ends 27 inwardly, the flow through the first S flow line 25 takes place, and there are also components provided that a second liquid flow through the

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guide first chambers 21, this second liquid flow consisting of a liquid coolant supplied by the machine consists.

In the preferred embodiment shown in the figures, the parts connecting the pairs of plates extend in the area 19 of the plates along the inner edge ″ of the stack of plates and in this way form a flow channel 28. This inner flow channel 2 8 is in two contiguous Parts divided, with a part 29 adjoining a group of third chambers 26 and a second part 30 adjoining a second group of these chambers 26. In the illustrated embodiment the subdivision takes place by a fluid line or a pipe 31, which is located in the inner flow channel 28 extends and a first row of three circumferentially arranged openings 52, which are directly in the one Lead flow channel part 29, as well as a second row of three circumferentially arranged openings 33 in the second flow channel part 30. The openings 32 and 33 are at an axial distance arranged to each other in the tube 31 and are located on opposite sides of an annular shoulder 34 provided on the lateral surface of the tube 31, which is in the middle of the flow channel 28 is arranged and this divided into the first flow channel part 29 and the second part 30.

In the first embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention, the connection points 20 are narrow and curved, as can be seen in FIG. 5, so that the flow passages 24 have the same shape. As can be seen in FIG. 5, several of these second connection points 20 (in this case three) are provided and extend at a distance from one another along the circumference of each plate 16. The areas 20 shown in FIG. 5 and the enclosed openings are approximately at the distance of 120 with respect to each

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arranged differently.

As can be seen in FIG. 4, a fourth Area of connection points 35 provided for the adjacent plates of each stacked plate pair, each connected pair is arranged at a distance from the adjacent connected pair and thereby a series of circumferential fourth chambers 36 is formed, which are connected to one another via openings 37 in such a way that a second flow line 38 is formed. The areas 66 of the plates 16, the enclose the openings 37 are also connected to one another, so that a liquid-tight construction is formed.

The assembly of the connected plate pairs 16 is on the opposite End faces through a face plate 39 adjoining the engine block 11 and one on the opposite one Side arranged end plate 40 completed. In the illustrated embodiment, three second flow lines 38 are provided, which are also at an angle of 120 ° are arranged to each other and symmetrically to the first three lines 25 described above. To achieve a current of a first fluid, such as engine lubricating oil, through the three second conduits 38 are in FIG Front plate 39 three openings 41 are provided, one of which opens directly into a line 38, as in FIG 4 is shown, while the opposite end plate 40 with three identical openings 42 for discharge of the fluid from the three second lines 38 is provided. This is done in the illustrated embodiment the flow of the fluid or oil from the engine block 11 in three parallel paths accordingly of the three lines 38.

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The assembly of stacked plates 16 is in a cylindrical shape Housing 43 is arranged, the edge 44 of which is connected to the outer edge of the first end plate 39. The opposite Housing end 45 is spaced from face plate 40 so that an annular chamber 46 is formed will. The three lines 38 open out through the openings 42 in this annular chamber.

The cooling liquid is supplied via the connection lines already described 14 and 15 derived from the cooling device of the engine block 11 to the heat exchanger and from this again. The coolant flows through the heat exchanger through the first chamber 21 and washes around the three first lines 25 and the three second lines 38 before it closes the cooling device of the engine block 11 flows back. The current through the chambers 21 and around the six lines causes excellent cooling of the oil, which at the same time flows through the third chambers 26. It is obvious that every third chamber 26, which is part of the oil channel system forms, of the first receiving the cooling liquid Chamber 21 is enclosed.

To further improve the cooling effect, every third chamber 26 is provided with an annular vortex wheel or turbulence guide plate 47, which is shown in detail in FIGS and 10 is shown. As FIG. 8 shows, each metal baffle 47 is essentially round and has a round opening 48 which is substantially with the inner end 27 of the third chamber 26, in which the guide plate 47 is arranged. At the In the beginning, each guide plate 47 is provided with three symmetrically arranged recesses 49, the recesses in each case beginning the outside of one of the three second lines 38 are arranged.

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As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 on an enlarged scale is, each baffle 47 consists of a plate with spaced apart projections 63, which on a Side over the plate plane 50-protrude, and with further projections 51, which over the plate plane 50 to the other side protrude, some of the projections 63 and 51 being directly connected to one another via the flank 52. In which The illustrated embodiment according to the invention, the projections 63 and 51 of each guide plate 47 are essentially frustoconical, with the tip of each Projection against the enveloping plates 16 rests, as can be seen in Figure 4.

As has already been stated, the heat exchanger is required in accordance with the requirements for exchanging heat between two fluids ideally suited for cooling engine lubricating oil by using the The engine coolant is used immediately. Of the The heat exchanger can be easily attached to the engine block 11 by one end 52a of the pipe or conduit 31 is simply screwed into the engine block, the end with the returning lubricating oil channel 13 in the Engine block is in alignment. The edge 44 of the cooler overlaps the other lubricating oil channel 12, as can be seen in FIG is and at the same time presses an O-ring 53 enclosing the channels on the engine block, so that an oil leak between the heat exchanger and the engine block is avoided.

The opposite end 54 of the tube 31 can also extend beyond the heat exchanger and have fastening means have, in this case for example a thread 54 on which either an oil filter 55 (see FIG. 1) or a shell-shaped cover 56 (see Figure 2) screwed on will. A nut 64 for locking the heat exchanger plates 16 is also screwed onto this pipe end. In each

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In the case, fix the oil filter 55 or the cover plate 56 a second O-ring 57 (see Fig. 1 and 2), which is in the annular chamber 46 opening outlets 58 includes. Regardless of whether the oil filter 55 or just the cover plate 56 are used, the oil flows out of the engine block 11 through channel 12 and through the three second lines 38 in parallel flows through the heat exchanger. From the line the oil flows through the openings 42 into the chamber 46 and from there through the openings 58 either through the oil filter 55 or in the cover 56.

The oil is then either from the filter 55 or the lid 56 passed into the pipeline 31 to return through the lubricating oil duct 13 in the engine. When the oil is cold and consequently has a relatively high viscosity, it opens a bypass valve 60 and flows directly through the line 31 past the heat exchanger chambers 26 into the returning lubricating oil channel 13. The bypass valve does not need to be described to become.

The tube 31 is in the area of the ring shoulder 34 on its inner wall provided with an annular valve seat 59, against which a spring loaded valve 60 is pushed. That Valve 60 is pressed onto its seat 59 by means of a helical spring 61, one end of the helical spring against the valve 60 and the other end bears against a transverse pin 62 which extends transversely through the tube 31. on in this way the valve 60 is locked in its position between the openings 32 and 33. *

When the oil flowing inward through the pipe 31 (see Arrow 65) is cold and stiff, it exerts sufficient pressure on the valve 60 to counteract the spring force of the To move spring 61 so that it is around valve 60-

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flows and flows directly into the lubricating oil channel 13 without flowing through the oil cooling channels. However, when the oil has become sufficiently warm and has a lower viscosity, the pressure of the spring 61 is not exceeded, so that the valve 60 closes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spring 61 closes the valve at a pressure of 10 psi ( ^B 0.7 kgf / cm ² ).

When the valve 60 is closed by the spring 61, the oil flows radially outward through the three openings 32 and through the first oil flow chambers 26 into the corresponding chambers 23 of the first line 25. These above-described chambers 26 are of course on the upstream side of the Ring shoulder 34. Then the oil flows through the first three lines 25 into the remaining oil-cooling chambers 26, which are located on the downstream side of the annular shoulder 34. from from here, the oil flows radially inward through the three openings 33 arranged on the circumference of the tube 31 and then axially through the lubricating oil duct 13 into the engine. During the flow of the oil through the chambers 26, which takes place first radially outwards and then radially inwards, the oil cooled by the coolant flowing in the row of the first chambers 21, the cooling effect being caused by the turbulent Flow generated by the turbulence baffle 47 arranged in each chamber 26 is significantly improved.

The heat exchanger according to the invention is for exchanging heat extremely well suited between two flowing liquids and requires little space. By These features it is particularly suitable as an oil cooler for cooling the lubricating oil of an engine, and it can directly be mounted on the engine block so that the lubricating oil and the coolant are drained directly from the machine, through the heat exchanger and back to the machine. In addition, the oil cooler, for example as in

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1 shown, serve as a holder for an oil filter, so that a special bracket for the oil filter is not required, and if a filter is used, it can the oil can flow advantageously through the filter so that any foreign matter is eliminated before the oil flows back through the cooling part of the device according to the invention.

Because the heat exchanger takes the coolant directly from the engine and not obtained from a radiator, the operation is not affected by the ordinary engine thermostat that controls the flow controls through the cooler. This coolant flow coming directly from the engine delivers immediately after the start the engine a warm coolant, so that the viscosity of the oil is immediately reduced and the thin oil instantly .and flows quickly through the cooling channels. '

As can be seen from the detailed description of the heat exchanger construction set out above, there is one according to the invention Device made of disc-shaped metal parts assembled in groups, some of which as plates formed parts are received in a housing. Of the Heat exchanger has a. Line 31, on the one hand for mounting the heat exchanger on the engine block and on the other hand is used to mount an oil filter on the heat exchanger, if one is used, or to mount a flow-conducting one End cover instead of the oil filter.

In FIGS. 11-14, another exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG Invention shown, in which the oil through the cooler 110 flows and then through the oil filter 55 according to the first embodiment or through the deflecting the oil flow End cover 56 of the first embodiment, wherein the second embodiment has an additional bypass

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has, through which the oil flows uncooled, if none Cooling is required. This second embodiment according to the invention has the same coolant connections as in the first embodiment, these connections in FIG. 11 with the reference numerals 114 and 115 are designated. The inflow of the liquid coolant is denoted by 70 and the outflow by 71.

The heat exchanger itself comprises a series of plates 116 which are arranged one after the other and each Pair of plates at the outer edges 117 and at the inner edges 118 are in connection with one another, as shown in FIG 11 is shown so that first connection points 119 are formed. Each adjacent pair of plates 116 is connected in a second area 120 which lies within the outer edges, and each pair of plates faces between the first connection point 119 and the second connection point 120 a profiling, so that first chambers 121 are formed as can be seen in the right part of Fig.11. As will be described in more detail below, these first chambers 121 of the illustrated embodiment Coolant flowing through the housing 143 to cool the oil flowing through the heat exchanger.

The stacked pairs of plates are connected to one another in a third area 117, which is outside the area 120 is located. These second areas 120 are opposite the successive pairs of plates laterally offset, so that a series of circumferentially arranged second chambers 123 is formed. In these second areas flow passages 124 are provided so that one of the in-line Side chambers 123 connecting flow line 125 is formed becomes, as can be seen in the left part of Fig.11.

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At

The successive plate pairs 116 are with respect to FIG the third areas 117 are profiled inwardly so that a series of third chambers 126 is formed, each with a corresponding second chamber 123 are connected and at their inner end or the inner edges opposite fourth chambers 136 are open, which are arranged between adjacent plates, as in the right part the Fig.11 can be seen.

These fourth chambers 136 have means for conducting a first Liquid flow, in the illustrated embodiment, for example, oil, which through the openings 137 in the Adjacent pairs of plates is passed through a group of third chambers 126 radially outward. To the outer parts of the third chambers 126, which the oil received directly from the fourth chambers 136, the Established by the line 125 connection of the second chambers 123 for the fact that the oil through the second group of the third Chambers 126 flows radially inward when it has passed the partition wall 73, as shown in FIG.

The heat exchanger also has devices for conduction of a second liquid flow through the first chambers 121, this flow being a liquid coolant accommodated in the housing 143 in the illustrated embodiment is. To achieve a coolant flow for the second liquid through the first chambers 121, each plate is 160 is provided with a number of projecting profile parts 86, as can be seen in FIG. These protruding Pre-installed parts only have a small footprint and. have flattened tips, the tips of adjacent pairs of plates being connected to one another, xtfie this is shown in Fig.11, so that the successive Plates are kept at a distance at the sides.

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As can be seen in FIG. 14, this forms a Side of each plate 116, in this case the left side, a wall for the first chambers 121 receiving the coolant, while the opposite side is a wall forms for the third chambers 126 receiving the oil. To the Designation of the corresponding plate sides, these sides are provided with the reference numerals 121 and 126 in FIG.

As can be seen in Fig.11, the plates are in one Stack arranged, which can consist of several parts, in this case two parts separated from each other by a transverse Partition 73 are separated. This partition wall is provided with an opening 74 which forms part of the flow line 125, as well as with a further opening 75 which is described in more detail below. Turbulence baffles are located in the second chambers 123 and the third chambers 126 147 arranged, which correspond to the baffles 47 of the first embodiment.

To separate the flow path for the cooling liquid and the path of the non-cooled flow flowing through the bypass each plate 116 is provided with a circumferential rib 76, which the part 77 of the bypass of the plate and the Opening 85, in which the pipeline 131 is received, encloses. When the plates are put together, the tips of these ribs are connected, as in FIG Fig.11 is shown so that the bypass 77 is received within the ribs 76 and from the flow path of the to be cooled Oil 72, which is formed by the third chambers 126 and the second chambers 123 connected to them, separately, Oil flow through the bypass is indicated by the dashed line Arrow 79 indicated in FIG.

The housing 143, through which the coolant 70 is passed, is provided with an end plate 145 which is on the

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The housing end opposite the plate 139 is arranged and forms a cavity 158 which has openings 80 both for the flow of oil through the chambers and for the flow of oil through the bypass. A series of openings 81 are arranged in the plates in alignment with the opening 75 in the partition wall 73. In the space formed by said openings in the lower half space of the heat exchanger is arranged a bypass-valve device 82 ,, which corresponds to the device shown in FIG. 4, consisting of the valve 60, the spring 61 and the cross pin 62 _S. This bypass valve device works in the same way as the valve device according to the first exemplary embodiment and consequently opens when the oil is still cold and no oil cooling is to take place, so that the oil passes directly through the bypass 77 into the filter or into the cover that diverts the oil can flow, as can be seen in FIGS.

The heat exchanger or oil cooler according to the second embodiment works like this. The coolant, for example the engine coolant, circulates like in the first embodiment in the housing 143 and the first chambers 121. If cooling is required, the lubricating oil flows through the third chambers 126 and, such as represented by the arrows 72 in Fig.11, through the second chambers 123. While the oil passes through these chambers flows, it flows through the turbulence baffles 147 and around them, so that a better heat transfer is achieved will. In the illustrated embodiment, the oil flows in parallel paths through the underneath the partition 73 located cooling chambers and then along the flow line 125 through the openings 74 in the partition wall to the group of cooling chambers shown in FIG. 11 located above the partition wall. The oil then flows through from here an opening 84 arranged in a face plate 140 either

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in the oil filter, as shown in Fig.1, or in the deflection cover 56 according to FIG. 2, if no oil filter is provided is. The oil then flows in the direction of arrow 165 through connector or pipe 131 back to the engine.

When the oil is still cold, no oil cooling is required is, the valve 82 is opened due to the high viscosity of the oil, so that the oil is passed through the bypass, without flowing through the cooler itself, as already described in the first embodiment. Despite the compact Design of the heat exchanger, the oil flows in parallel channels radially outwards and then radially inwards again, each of these channels being flowed around by a coolant and preferably each with a vortex wheel or a Turbulence baffle are equipped. By dividing the oil flow into two lines, there is a high heat transfer between the oil and the coolant, with the pressure loss across the heat exchanger because of the rather short total length of the parallel flow is small.

The heat exchanger according to the invention is also for existing ones Oil filter assemblies usable, can be quickly replaced or repaired and easily removed, when it is to be cleaned. It is attractively designed and can be used in addition to an existing oil cooler Find use when a greater cooling capacity is required or desired.

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Claims (15)

/ fr. Claims Heat exchanger for exchanging heat between two "liquids, in particular an oil cooler for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a plurality of successive pairs of plates is arranged in a stack, each plate (16-116) having an outer edge (17, 117) and an inner edge Has opening, ■ which forms an inner edge (18, 118), and that the plates of each pair of plates in a first area adjoining the inner edge (19 »119) and in a second area within the outer edge. (17» 117) lying area (20j 120) are connected to one another, each plate of a plate pair being offset laterally with respect to the first and second area, so that a first chamber (21, 121) is formed within each plate pair, and that the adjacent plates of each stacked plate pair _{are connected in a third area (22 S} 122) located outside the second area (20, 120), the second area of one another f The following pairs of plates are laterally offset in such a way that a sequence of second chambers (23, 123) arranged on the periphery of the pairs of plates is formed, and that flow passages (24, 124) are provided in the second areas through which the second chambers (23s 123 ) are connected to each other forming a flow line and that the successive pairs of plates are offset laterally inwardly with respect to the third regions (22) and thereby a. Sequence of third chambers (26, 126) form the übefcgehen at its outer edge in the second chambers and are open at their inner edge, and in that means (12, 31 '32, 38, 39 ₉ 40, 41, 46, 58) is provided, by means of which a'erster -18 - ■ 409833/0562 egaagen nm ^ r, 3 gen nm ^ r Liquid flow radially outward through the open, inner ends (27) of a first group of the third Chambers (26, 126) and radially inward to the open, inner ends of a second group of the third chambers is passed, wherein the liquid flows through the conduit (25) formed by the chambers, and a device (14, 15) is provided, by means of which a second liquid is passed through the first chambers (21) will. 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the second regions (20, 120) of the plates (16, 116j are kept small and each plate has several such second areas arranged at a distance from one another (Fig. 5) has, which are distributed in a circular arc over the plate, so that a plurality of arcuate and spaced second chambers (23 »123) arranged relative to one another are formed, each of which via the flow passages are connected to each other. 3. Heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that three chamber groups arranged evenly distributed over the circumference of the plate stack are provided are. 4. Heat exchanger, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adjacent plates of each stacked pair of plates are connected to one another in a delimited fourth area (35), and that the connection points of the respective plate pairs are spaced apart from one another, so that a sequence of am Circumferentially arranged fourth chambers (36, 136) is formed, and that in the fourth region of each plate pair flow passages (37, 137) are arranged so that one second flow line (38 ₉ 138) is formed, and that a device is provided which first directs the first liquid flow through the second flow line before the liquid flows through the third chambers. 5 »Heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fourth areas (35) of the Plates are kept small and each plate has several such fourth areas arranged at a distance from one another, which are distributed in a circular arc over the plate, so that a plurality of arcuate and spaced from one another arranged fourth chambers (36, 136) is formed, each of which is connected to one another via the flow passages (37, 137) (FIGS. 5, 12). 6. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that that three fourth (36, 136) aligned symmetrically to one another and symmetrically to the second chambers (23, 123) Chamber groups are provided. 7. Heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that every third chamber (26) is equipped with an annular turbulence guide plate (47) is. 8. Heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each turbulence guide plate (47) from a plate with protruding profiles on both sides of the plate and spaced apart from one another consists (Fig. 4 above). - 20th 409833/0562 selfish 9. Heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 1 to S, characterized in that each protruding profile is substantially frustoconical, with the tip of each protrusion resting against an adjacent plate (Fig. 4 above). 10. ¥ heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first fluid consists of engine lubricating oil and the second fluid consists of engine coolant and that a housing (43) with a first (12, 41) leading to the second conduit inlet for the first fluid and with a second Outlet for discharging the first fluid is provided as well as a device (44, 52a, 53) by means of which the first inlet and the first outlet for the oil flow are connected to the engine (11). 11. vJärmet from rather according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a device (34, 73) for dividing the inner flow spaces into two adjacent ones Sections is provided, one part of a first assembly of third chambers and the other part of a second assembly of third chambers is formed, and that a flow line is formed in the inner flow spaces (31) is provided for the first fluid, which has an opening (32) leading to the first assembly, and axially spaced a second mouth (33) which leads away from the second assembly, and that on the Line a device (34, 73) for subdividing the assemblies is arranged. 12. Heat exchanger according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a in the flow line 06426 Bypass check valve (6O ₅ 82) is arranged between the first and the second assembly, which responds at a predetermined pressure, which is dependent on the viscosity of the cold, stiff lubricating oil, so that the oil lambs the first and second assembly of the third bypasses. 13. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that Separating devices (73) are provided in the plates of the stack to subdivide the sequence formed from third chambers from a sequence formed from fourth chambers Followj and that a device (82) for connecting the fourth chambers is provided in contiguous rows, so that one outside of the second and third Chamber rows formed flow paths extending Bypass (77) is formed, and that in the bypass a valve (82) is arranged, which opens and the first fluid passes when its temperature is a predetermined Temperature limit falls below. 14. Heat exchanger according to claim 13, characterized in that the plate stack is divided into assemblies of third and corresponding second chambers, the assemblies being separated from one another by means of a partition (73) which has openings (74, 75) through which the one line forming second chambers (123) or the _e the bypass forming fourth chambers (136) are connected together. 15. Heat exchanger according to claim 13, characterized in that in the second (123) and third chambers (126) turbulence baffles (147) are arranged » - 22 409833/0562 Le e rs e te