A kind of system realizing rubbish charcoal resource and improving pyrolysis gas calorific value
Technical field
This utility model belongs to the technical field that solid waste resource recovery processes, and relates to one and realizes rubbish charcoal resource
And improve the system of pyrolysis gas calorific value.
Background technology
Owing to China is faced with the dual-pressure of environment and the energy, the acceleration being in progress along with economy and urbanization, whole nation energy
Source consumes huge, and most big cities face garbage-surrounded city predicament, by technological means, house refuse is become available and provides
Source, can alleviate China's energy and environmental crisis to a certain extent.Domestic garbage pyrolysis technology is high with its resource utilization rate,
The little advantage of environmental pollution is increasingly favored by people.Domestic garbage pyrolysis primary product has following several: partial thermal decomposition oil
Can be used as fuel oil by refined;Some low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons such as hydrogen can be included as the pyrolysis gas that fuel gas uses
Gas, methane, carbon monoxide etc.;Rubbish charcoal major part exists with white carbon black form, but there is the poisonous and harmful substances such as heavy metal, calorific value
Low, market outlet is poor;If used as solid fuel, combustion efficiency is poor, and can produce a large amount of secondary in combustion process
Pollutant, environmental benefit is poor.Therefore, most of rubbish charcoals finally carry out landfill disposal only as pyrolysis residue, take soil
Ground resource and cause the waste of the energy.
The pyrolysis gas that house refuse produces after pyrolysis contains the CO of about 30%2, CO2Existence can reduce pyrolysis gas
Calorific value, reduces its utilization ways, and economic benefit is poor.Pyrolytic carbon major part exists with white carbon black form, is good gasified raw material,
If the CO in employing pyrolysis gas2It is oxidized to CO as gasifying agent, on the one hand can be substantially reduced because burning pyrolytic carbon is carried
The problem of environmental pollution come, on the other hand, reduces CO in pyrolysis gas2Content, improves CO content, improves pyrolysis gas calorific value.
The open one way of life refuse pyrolysis comprehensive resource processing system of patent documentation (patent No. 201420457702.8),
House refuse after the pretreatment such as sorting, broken, drying, molding, is pyrolyzed to obtain high-temperature oil gas in pyrolysis oven by this system
With rubbish charcoal, generate gasification combustible gas after the gasification of rubbish charcoal, in order to the fuel as heat storage type gas radiation pipe burner.
Although said system uses gasification technology that pyrolytic carbon is gasificated into combustible gas, but produces owing to using in preprocessing process
Raw air frowzy and the flue gas of moisture vapor are as the gasifying agent of pyrolytic carbon, and it is relatively low that gasification produces combustible gas calorific value, profit
Low with being worth.The pyrolysis gas calorific value produced after domestic garbage pyrolysis contains substantial amounts of CO2, this utility model does not take measures to drop
Low CO2Content or by CO2It is changed into combustible gas composition CO, thus reaches to improve the purpose of pyrolysis gas calorific value, limit the profit of pyrolysis gas
Use approach.
The open a kind of adverse current of another patent documentation (Patent No. 201210143133.5) turns domestic garbage pyrolysis carbonization
Furnace system and garbage treating process, this system realizes processing house refuse and organic solid castoff, the product obtained
Pyrolysis gas is directly entered incinerator burning and produces the high-temp combustion tail gas of 850 DEG C-1100 DEG C, and rubbish charcoal is as final products.
This utility model is, under conditions of heating anaerobic, life and organic solid waste are resolved into fuel gas and breeze, can
Combustion gas is directly burned, and does not solve the shortcoming that fuel gas carbon dioxide content is high, calorific value is low.This system is by house refuse
Pyrolytic carbon is as final products, and owing to pyrolytic carbon calorific value is relatively low, market outlet is not smooth, and containing venomous injurants such as heavy metals
Matter, if using pyrolytic carbon as final products, economic benefit is poor, and Technique Popularizing is relatively difficult.
At present, prior art not using the carbon dioxide in domestic garbage pyrolysis gas as gasifying agent, pyrolytic carbon is as gas
Change raw material, it is achieved while pyrolytic carbon comprehensive utilization, improve the calorific value of pyrolysis gas.
Utility model content
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide and realizes rubbish charcoal resource and improve pyrolysis gas calorific value system
System, improves the calorific value of pyrolysis gas while realizing pyrolytic carbon resource, is conducive to improving science and engineering at whole domestic garbage pyrolysis
The economic benefit of skill.
This utility model provides a kind of rubbish charcoal resource and the method improving pyrolysis gas calorific value, and it comprises the following steps:
Pretreatment: rubbish sequentially passes through broken bag, roller screen, sorting and break process, obtains garbage raw material;
Refuse pyrolysis: described garbage raw material processes through described revolving bed pyrolysis oven, the material obtained include pyrolytic carbon and
Pyrolysis oil gas;
Broken pyrolytic carbon: through the described pyrolytic carbon particle diameter≤13mm of crusher in crushing;
Gasification furnace gasifies: pyrolysis gas after energy-conservation deacidifying device and Oil-gas Separation purifier process and broken after
Described pyrolytic carbon enters gasification furnace and gasifies, and produces gasification gas, and described gasification gas contains 30%-35%CO, described gasification gas
Containing imflammable gas CO, H2、CH4。
After described energy-conservation deacidifying device processes, the temperature of described pyrolysis oil gas is down to 250 DEG C-350 DEG C, sour gas
Volumetric concentration≤0.05%.
In described Oil-gas Separation purifier, wet dedusting tower uses Quench recirculated water to spray described pyrolysis oil gas, dedusting
While realize the separation of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas, the described pyrolysis gas after dedusting cools down in primary cooler, is then fed into electric fishing
Detar in tar device, then by aerator, described pyrolysis gas is delivered to desulfurizing tower and denitrating tower, obtain described pyrolysis gas CO2Concentration
For 25-30%, H2S≤0.01g/Nm3, dust content≤50mg/Nm3。
Gas purification of gasifying also is included: the wet dedusting tower in Oil-gas Separation purifier is adopted after described gasification furnace gasification step
Spraying described gasification gas with Quench recirculated water, the described gasification gas after dedusting cools down in primary cooler, is then fed into electrically trapped tar oil
Detar in device, then by aerator by described gasification pneumatic transmission to desulfurizing tower and denitrating tower, produce gasification gas, gasification gas rich in CO,
H2、CH4Deng imflammable gas.
Described Quench circulating water temperature is 70-80 DEG C, described primary cooler recirculated water and chilled water by described pyrolysis gas or
Described gasification air cooling is to 20-25 DEG C, and the temperature of described recirculated water and described chilled water is respectively 30-35 DEG C and 15-20 DEG C.
After pretreatment, the particle diameter < 20mm of described garbage raw material, the moisture content of described garbage raw material is 20%-
60%.
Described garbage raw material layer thickness in described revolving bed pyrolysis oven is 50-250mm;The gasification of described gasification furnace
Temperature is 900-1100 DEG C.
This utility model also provides for a kind of system realizing rubbish charcoal resource and improving pyrolysis gas calorific value, comprising:
Rubbish pretreatment unit: be sequentially connected with constituted by broken bag mechanism, roller screen mechanism, sorting mechanism and crushing mechanism, institute
State mechanism and be respectively provided with charging aperture and discharging opening;
Revolving bed pyrolysis oven: be made up of, often dry section, pyrolytic reaction one district, pyrolytic reaction two district and pyrolytic reaction three district
The top in individual described district has pyrolysis oil gas vent, the radial canal in each described district to have gas inlet;The front end of described dry section
Having garbage raw material entrance, the end in described pyrolytic reaction three district has the discharging opening of pyrolytic carbon;
The charging aperture of disintegrating machine is connected with the discharging opening of described pyrolytic carbon, and the discharging opening of described disintegrating machine enters with storage charcoal groove
Material mouth is connected;
The import of energy-conservation deacidifying device is connected with described revolving bed pyrolysis oven pyrolysis oil gas vent;Oil-gas Separation purifier
Air inlet be connected with the outlet of described energy-conservation deacidifying device;
The air inlet of gasification furnace is connected with the gas outlet of described Oil-gas Separation purifier, and the pyrolytic carbon of described gasification furnace enters
Material mouth is connected with the discharging opening of described storage charcoal groove.
Described Oil-gas Separation purifier is by wet dedusting tower, primary cooler, electrical tar precipitator, aerator, desulfurizing tower, denitration
Tower is sequentially connected with composition, and the air inlet of described wet dedusting tower is connected with the gas outlet of described gasification furnace.
Described systematization also includes that air accumulator, the air intake of described air accumulator are connected with the gas outlet of described denitrating tower, institute
The gas inlet of the first gas outlet and described revolving bed pyrolysis oven of stating air accumulator is connected, the second gas outlet of described air accumulator
It is connected with TRT.
Described TRT includes gasify combustion chamber, waste heat boiler and steam turbine generator;Described gasification combustion chamber
Gasification gas entrance is connected with the second gas outlet of described air accumulator and described revolving bed high temperature pyrolysis oil gas vent, described gasification gas
The combustion air of combustor is connected with air-blaster, combustion tail gas outlet and the described waste heat boiler of described gasification combustion chamber
Being connected, the superheated steam outlet of described waste heat boiler is connected with the steam inlet of described steam turbine generator.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Use revolving bed pyrolysis oven as the equipment of domestic garbage pyrolysis oil-producing gas charcoal, complete to be dried in same stove,
The process of pyrolysis, flow process is short, and energy utilization rate is high, is easily achieved scale simultaneously.
From revolving bed pyrolysis oven pyrolysis oil gas out through energy-conservation deacidifying device, realize waste heat recovery and sour gas simultaneously
The removing of body, improves energy utilization efficiency, alleviates the sour gas corrosion to equipment.
With pyrolytic carbon as gasified raw material, the pyrolysis gas that revolving bed pyrolysis oven produces, as gasifying agent, uses gasifier bed gasification
Pyrolytic carbon, it is achieved improve fuel gas CO content in pyrolysis gas, improves pyrolysis gas calorific value, the most also solves pyrolytic carbon calorific value low,
Market outlet is not smooth, the problem of deficiency in economic performance.
Use this utility model system, CO in pyrolysis gas2Content is reduced to 8% by 28%, and CO content is promoted to by 9.7%
30.1%, CO2Conversion ratio is up to 71.4%, and calorific value is by 3962Kcal/Nm3It is promoted to 5128Kcal/Nm3。
This utility model efficiently solves that pyrolysis gas calorific value in prior art is low, and utilization ways is limited, and pyrolytic carbon calorific value is low,
Market outlet is not smooth, the problems such as deficiency in economic performance, resource utilization are low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the embodiment schematic diagram that this utility model realizes the system of rubbish charcoal resource and raising pyrolysis gas calorific value.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just the advantage that better understood when scheme of the present utility model and various aspects.But, specific implementations described below side
Formula and embodiment are only descriptive purposes rather than to restriction of the present utility model.
This utility model rubbish charcoal resource and the method improving pyrolysis gas calorific value, it includes rubbish pretreatment, rubbish heat
Solve, crush the steps such as pyrolytic carbon, energy-conservation deacidification, Oil-gas Separation purification, gasification furnace gasification.
Pretreatment refers to that rubbish sequentially passes through broken bag, roller screen, sorting and break process, main purpose be obtain having certain
The garbage raw material of particle diameter.By pretreatment, the bulk inorganic matter in rubbish, metal etc. are branched away and crush, meets revolving bed
The pyrolysis oven pan feeding requirement to garbage raw material, the particle diameter < 20mm of garbage raw material, the moisture content of garbage raw material is 20%-60%.
Refuse pyrolysis: garbage raw material is sent into revolving bed pyrolysis oven, the layer thickness of garbage raw material is 50-250mm, in rotation
Through the reaction being dried, be pyrolyzed and activating in rotated bed pyrolysis oven, the material obtained includes pyrolytic carbon and high temperature pyrolysis oil gas;Rotate
The time that bed pyrolysis oven rotates a circle is about 1 hour.
Broken pyrolytic carbon: pyrolytic carbon is through spiral discharging machine and by crusher in crushing to below 13mm.
Enter energy-conservation deacidifying device from 500 DEG C of pyrolysis oil gas in revolving bed pyrolysis oven through pipeline, complete waste heat and return
Receiving and deacidification, pyrolysis oil temperature is down to 350 DEG C, and acidic gas concentration is down to 0.05%, and energy-conservation deacidifying device can be to inertia
Gas preheats, and preheating temperature is up to about 210 DEG C, and the noble gas after preheating sends into drying process, can be to house refuse
Raw material, percolate and pyrolysis sewage etc. are evaporated concentrating, it is achieved noble gas recycles.
Pyrolysis oil gas after energy-conservation deacidification enters Oil-gas Separation purifier, and wet dedusting tower uses Quench recirculated water to spray
Pyrolysis oil gas, realizes the separation of pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas while dedusting, the pyrolysis gas after dedusting cools down in primary cooler, then
Send into detar in electrical tar precipitator, then by aerator, pyrolysis gas is delivered to desulfurizing tower and denitrating tower, in the pyrolysis gas obtained
H2S≤0.01g/Nm3, dust content≤50mg/Nm3。
Pyrolysis gas after purification with broken after pyrolytic carbon enter gasification furnace and gasify, the gasification temperature of gasification furnace is
About 1000 DEG C, the gasification gas of generation is rich in CO, H2、CH4Deng imflammable gas, wherein the concentration of CO is 28%.Residue after gasifying by
Relatively low in value, construction material or landfill disposal can be done.
Further, gasification gas carries out purified treatment in Oil-gas Separation purifier.In Oil-gas Separation purifier,
Described Quench circulating water temperature is 70-80 DEG C, and described primary cooler recirculated water and chilled water are by described pyrolysis gas or described gasification
Air cooling is to 21 DEG C, and the temperature of described recirculated water and described chilled water is respectively 32 DEG C and 16 DEG C.
The gasification gas that this utility model said method produces enters in air accumulator, and part gasification gas is pyrolyzed as revolving bed
The supplementary fuel of radial canal in stove, another part gasification gas can be as the fuel of TRT or other purposes.
As it is shown in figure 1, the system that this utility model realizes rubbish charcoal resource and raising pyrolysis gas calorific value method includes rubbish
Rubbish pretreatment unit, revolving bed pyrolysis oven, disintegrating machine, storage charcoal groove, energy-conservation deacidifying device, Oil-gas Separation purifier, air accumulator
And TRT.
Rubbish pretreatment unit is sequentially connected with is constituted by broken bag mechanism, roller screen mechanism, sorting mechanism and crushing mechanism, each
Mechanism is respectively provided with charging aperture and discharging opening.
Revolving bed pyrolysis oven is made up of dry section, pyrolytic reaction one district, pyrolytic reaction two district and pyrolytic reaction three district, each
The top in district has pyrolysis oil gas vent, the radial canal in each district to have gas inlet;There is garbage raw material entrance the front end of dry section,
The end in pyrolytic reaction three district has the discharging opening of pyrolytic carbon.The furnace bottom of revolving bed pyrolysis oven is rotary ring-shaped furnace bottom, stove
The flitch at the end selects perforated plate, it is ensured that material is heated evenly.Radial canal is arranged in annular furnace wall, is vented one's spleen by the combustion heat with hot spoke
The mode penetrated provides institute's calorific requirement.
The charging aperture of disintegrating machine is connected with the discharging opening of pyrolytic carbon, the discharging opening of disintegrating machine and the charging aperture phase storing up charcoal groove
Even.The import of energy-conservation deacidifying device is connected with revolving bed pyrolysis oven pyrolysis oil gas vent;The air inlet of Oil-gas Separation purifier
Outlet with energy-conservation deacidifying device is connected.
The air inlet of gasification furnace is connected with the gas outlet of Oil-gas Separation purifier, the pyrolytic carbon charging aperture of gasification furnace and storage
The discharging opening of charcoal groove is connected.
Oil-gas Separation purifier in Fig. 1 is identical with the structure of Oil-gas Separation purifier 2.
Oil-gas Separation purifier is depended on by wet dedusting tower, primary cooler, electrical tar precipitator, aerator, desulfurizing tower, denitrating tower
Secondary connecting and composing, gas wash tower has air inlet and gas outlet, air inlet to be connected with gasification furnace feed channel, gas outlet and described desulfurizing tower
The air inlet that is connected is connected, and described desulfurizing tower gas outlet is connected with described denitrating tower air inlet, described denitrating tower gas outlet and gasification
Stove/air accumulator air inlet is connected.
Air accumulator in system includes air inlet, the first gas outlet and the second gas outlet, the air intake of air accumulator and denitration
The gas outlet of tower is connected, and the first gas outlet of air accumulator is connected with the gas inlet of revolving bed pyrolysis oven, the second of air accumulator
Gas outlet is connected with TRT or other device is connected.
TRT includes gasify combustion chamber, waste heat boiler and steam turbine generator, and described gasification combustion chamber has gas
Activating QI entrance, combustion air inlet and exhanst gas outlet, waste heat boiler have smoke inlet, exhanst gas outlet, boiler feedwater inlet and
Superheated steam exports, and steam turbine generator has steam inlet, steam (vapor) outlet and electric quantity output end.The gasification gas entrance of combustor with
Air accumulator the second gas outlet is connected;The combustion air of combustor is connected with air-blaster;The exhanst gas outlet of combustor and waste heat
Boiler is connected;The exhanst gas outlet of waste heat boiler is connected with dust pelletizing system;The superheated steam outlet of waste heat boiler and steam turbine generator
It is connected;The electric quantity output end of steam turbine generator is connected with electrical equipment or electrical network.
Embodiment
Using certain city's house refuse is raw material, and material composition composition is shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1 house refuse becomes to be grouped into (wt%)
The rubbish entering factory removes bulk inorganic matter and metal through simple sorting, then crushes, the broken rubbish obtained
Rubbish pyrolysis feed particle diameter < 20mm;
Broken rubbish is uniformly fed revolving bed pyrolysis oven, fabric thickness 100mm, and in stove, rubbish is with the rotation of furnace bottom
Pyrolytic reaction is completed, wherein dry section temperature through dry section, pyrolytic reaction one district, pyrolytic reaction two district and pyrolytic reaction three district
350 DEG C, pyrolytic reaction one district, pyrolytic reaction two district and pyrolytic reaction three district temperature 800 DEG C, response time 2-3h.
House refuse through pyrolysis oven be pyrolyzed after pyrolysis gas composition and calorific value be shown in Table 2 below.CO in pyrolysis gas2Contain
Amount is 28%, gas heating value 3962Kcal/Nm3。
Table 2 pyrolysis gas composition and calorific value
Pyrolysis gas and pyrolytic carbon carry out redox reaction i.e. gasification reaction at normal pressure, at 1200 DEG C, and charcoal conversion ratio reaches
More than 97%.Gasification gas composition and pyrolysis after gasification are shown in Table 3 below.Pyrolysis gas CO after gasification2Content is down to 8%,
Conversion ratio reaches 71.4%, and CO content rises to 30.1%, and the calorific value of gasification gas rises to 5128Kcal/Nm3, it is greatly improved pyrolysis gas
Utilization ways.
Table 3 pyrolysis gas composition and calorific value
It is the primary product that pyrolysis produces economic worth that domestic garbage pyrolysis produces substantial amounts of pyrolysis gas, owing to wherein containing
The CO of about 30%2, thus reduce pyrolysis gas calorific value, limit the use approach of pyrolysis gas, reduce Prediction for Solid Waste Treatment Technology
Economic benefit, makes the promotion and application of pyrolytic technique be extremely limited.This utility model use pyrolysis gas as gasifying agent,
Pyrolytic carbon is as gasified raw material, so that the CO in pyrolysis gas2It is reduced to imflammable gas CO, reaches to improve pyrolysis gas calorific value
Purpose.
There is the poisonous and harmful substances such as heavy metal in pyrolytic carbon, calorific value is low, and market outlet is poor.If made as solid fuel
Used time, combustion efficiency is poor, and can produce substantial amounts of secondary pollution in combustion process, and environmental benefit is poor, therefore, mostly
Number domestic garbage pyrolysis charcoals finally carry out landfill disposal only as pyrolysis residue, land occupation resource and cause the wave of the energy
Take.This utility model uses pyrolysis gas as gasifying agent, and pyrolytic carbon, as gasified raw material, makes pyrolytic carbon be oxidized to imflammable gas
CO, non-combustible gas CO in pyrolysis gas2It is reduced to imflammable gas CO, it is achieved the resource of pyrolytic carbon high value same
Time, also improving pyrolysis gas calorific value, domestic garbage pyrolysis technology has huge competitiveness in terms of economy, greatly facilitates skill
Art promotion and application.
It is last that it is noted that obviously above-described embodiment is only for clearly demonstrating this utility model example,
And not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, the most also may be used
To make other changes in different forms.Here without also cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive.And thus
That is amplified out obviously changes or changes among still in protection domain of the present utility model.