CN111320633B - 吡咯/咪唑并六元杂芳环类化合物及其制备方法和医药用途 - Google Patents
吡咯/咪唑并六元杂芳环类化合物及其制备方法和医药用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及吡咯/咪唑并六元杂芳环类化合物及其制备方法和医药用途。特别地,本发明涉及通式(I)所示的化合物、其制备方法及含有该化合物的药物组合物,及其作为JAK激酶抑制剂的用途,该化合物及其含有该化合物的药物组合物可以用于治疗与JAK激酶活性相关的疾病,例如炎症、自身免疫性病症、癌症等。其中通式(I)中的各取代基的定义与说明书中的定义相同。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种吡咯/咪唑并六元杂芳环类化合物、其制备方法及含有其的药物组合物,以及其用于调节Janus激酶(JAK)活性并且用于治疗和/或预防与JAK活性相关的疾病的用途。
背景技术
胞内信号传递过程是细胞对外界刺激产生反应,并最终引发特异性生物学效应的有效方式。细胞因子能够通过多种信号转导通路进行胞内信号传递,从而参与调控造血功能和免疫相关的许多重要的生物学功能。蛋白酪氨酸激酶中的Janus激酶(JAK)家族和转录激活子(STAT)在细胞因子信号转导过程中扮演重要角色(J.Immunol.2015,194,21)。
Janus激酶(JAK)家族在涉及免疫应答的细胞增殖和功能的细胞因子依赖性调解中起着一定的作用。目前,有四种已知的哺乳动物JAK家族成员:JAk1(亦称Janus激酶-1)、JAk2(亦称Janus激酶-2)、JAk3(亦称Janus激酶,白细胞,JAKL1,L-JAK和Janus激酶-3)、Tyk2(亦称蛋白质-酪氨酸激酶2)。JAk1、JAk2和Tyk2广泛存在于各种组织和细胞中,而JAk3仅存在于骨髓和淋巴系统中(J.Med.Chem.2014,57,5023)。
Tyk2是第一个被发现的JAK激酶,在调控IL-12和细菌脂多糖(LPS)的生物学应答反应中起着重要作用,也参与IL-6、IL-10和IL-12介导的信号转导通路。靶向Tyk2可成为治疗IL-12、IL-23、或I型IFN介导的疾病的新策略,所述疾病包括但不限于类风湿性关节炎、多发性硬化症、狼疮、银屑病、银屑病性关节炎、炎症性肠炎、葡萄膜炎、结节病和癌症。
JAk1在调控多种细胞因子受体家族的生物学应答功能中起着重要的作用。JAK1基因敲除小鼠具有早期的出生后致死因子显型,神经系统也受到损害,导致幼鼠出现先天缺陷。研究表明JAk1基因敲除小鼠会出现胸腺细胞和B细胞的分泌缺陷,JAk1基因敲除的组织对LIF、IL-6、IL-10的反应明显减弱。临床试验表明选择性JAk1抑制剂在临床研究中也有RA改善作用,处于临床III期的JAK1抑制剂ABT-494在两项对氨甲蝶呤或一种肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)阻滞剂没有充分响应的类风湿性关节炎患者参与的试验中获得阳性结果(ExpertOpin.Investig.Drugs.2014,23,1067)。
JAK2在Epo、IL-3、GM-CSF、IL-5、Tpo和IFNγ介导的信号转导中起着重要的作用。JAk2基因敲除小鼠具有胚胎的致死因子显型,在妊娠12.5天即由于红细胞生成缺陷导致胚胎死亡。在Epo基因敲除小鼠中也观察到相似的现象,表明Epo与JAK2激酶活性密切相关。JAK2激酶并不参与IL-23和IL-14受体家族介导的信号转导。研究表明JAK2激酶对IFNγ并不产生应答反应,但对IFNα和IL-6能够产生应答反应。突变的JAK2蛋白能够在没有细胞因子刺激的情况下活化下游信号,导致自发增长和/或对细胞因子的超敏反应,其被认为对这些疾病的过程起着促进的作用。JAK2抑制剂已被描述为对增殖性疾病具有疗效。
JAk3在多种生物学过程中发挥重要作用,如淋巴细胞增殖过程、IgExtent受体介导的肥大细胞退化反应、阻止T细胞活化、以及参与所有γC家族(包括IL-23、IL-4、IL-7、IL-9、IL-15和IL-21)介导的信号转导。人与小鼠的JAK3激酶功能并不相同,例如严重复合免疫缺陷病(SCID)患者B细胞正常,但T细胞功能缺失。这是因为IL-7在小鼠的B细胞增殖中起着重要作用但不影响人类的B细胞增殖。JAk3基因敲除哺乳动物的SCID表型以及JAK淋巴细胞的特异性表达,使JAK3成为免疫抑制剂靶点。基于JAK3在调节淋巴细胞中的作用,靶向JAK3和JAK3介导通路可用于自身免疫疾病的治疗。
细胞因子与受体结合后,受体形成二聚体,与受体偶联的JAK相互靠近并进行酪氨酸残基磷酸化而活化。进而催化受体本身的酪氨酸残基磷酸化,形成“停泊位点”。信号转导和转录激活子(Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription,STAT)是一组能与靶基因调控与DNA结合的胞质蛋白。STAT家族包括StAt1、StAT2、StAT3、StAT4、StAT5a、StAT5b和StAT6。STAT通过SH2结构域识别“停泊位点”并被JAK激酶对其C端酪氨酸残基进行磷酸化从而被激活。激活的STAT因子转入细胞核内,在调节先天性和获得性宿主免疫反应中起着重要的作用。
JAK/STAT信号转导通路的激活促进各种疾病的发生,包括但不限于,许多异常免疫应答,如过敏、哮喘、类风湿性关节炎、肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症和多发性硬化症等。其还与癌症,例如白血病(急性髓性白血病和急性淋巴细胞白血病)、实体瘤(子宫平滑肌肉瘤、前列腺癌)等相关(Curr.Opin.Rheumatol.2014,26,237)。
风湿性关节炎(RA)是自身免疫疾病,其特征在于关节结构的炎症和破坏。当疾病未受有效治疗,由于关节功能性的丧失导致实质性的失能和疼痛,甚至过早死亡。因此RA治疗的目的不仅延缓疾病进展,而且症状获得减轻,从而终止关节破坏。RA的全球患病率约为0.8%,女性患病几率是男性的三倍。RA难以治疗,目前尚无法治愈,并且治疗集中于缓解疼痛和防止患病关节变性。临床的治疗策略包括非甾体抗炎药物(NSAIDs)、激素、改善病情抗风湿药物(DMARDS)和生物药,主要对关节损坏及肿胀症状进行缓解治疗。临床应用DMARDS(例如甲氨蝶呤、羟化氯喹、来氟米特、柳氮磺胺吡啶)、DMARDS联合生物药的效果比较好。尽管抗RA药物很多,但是30%以上患者的疼痛仍然存在。最新研究表明JAK/STAT信号转导通路的干预成为RA治疗一种新方法。
托法替尼是首个获FDA批准的新型口服的JAK抑制剂,其作用于JAK1和JAK3,是用于治疗RA的小分子化合物。临床试验表明托法替尼展现出不劣于TNF抑制剂的疗效。联合应用甲氨碟呤(MTX)和托法替尼也对TNF抑制剂无应答的患者有一定的疗效。因此,托法替尼被推荐用于临床一线单药用药,相较于MTX有疗效优势。在托法替尼治疗的患者滑液中发现STAT1和STAT3的磷酸化增加,表明其主要是通过干预JAK/STAT信号转导通路。然而,托法替尼在缓解RA症状的同时也会带来一些副反应,引发一定的感染、恶性肿瘤和淋巴瘤的发生。据报道,生物药治疗RA的过程中也发生了严重的感染和恶性肿瘤诱发的不良反应,新型的安全性数据表明托法替尼的感染和死亡率的整体风险与生物制剂治疗RA的风险相似。考虑到JAK在许多调节通路及免疫过程中的多效性,非选择性的JAK抑制剂将带来不良反应的风险,例如高胆固醇血症及感染的风险。选择性JAK抑制剂是目前研究的重要方向。比利时Galapagos公司的Filgotinib是新一代JAK1选择性抑制剂,具有降低托法替尼导致贫血或感染的风险。在近期完成的一项针对甲氨蝶呤治疗不充分反应的中度至重度RA患者的临床II期试验中,Filgotinib治疗12周后达到主要终点—ACR20达到80%,200mg剂量显示统计显著性;与对照组相比,在所有剂量水平ACR50反应及DAS28降低有着统计显著性;安全性水平与之前类似,具有良好的耐受性。24周后,64%的患者实现DAS28缓解或低活动性;所有剂量ACR50反应、ACR70反应及DAS28降低都表现统计显著水平,ACR70达到39%。但是,Filgotinib的活性相对较弱,针对JAK1的IC50大于10nM,临床给药剂量也相对较高(ExpertOpin.Investig.Drugs.2016,25,1355)。
RA是一种特异质疾病,RA患者的治疗应用适宜的药物是较大的挑战。尽管目前已经公开了一系列的JAK抑制剂,但仍需要开发更好选择性及药效的化合物。因此,持续地需要抑制激酶例如Janus激酶的新型或改进的药剂,以用于开发新的、更有效的药物来治疗RA或其它与JAK相关的疾病。
发明内容
本发明人经过潜心研究,设计合成了一系列吡咯并六元杂芳环类或咪唑并六元杂芳环类化合物,并对其进行了JAK活性的筛选,研究结果显示该类化合物具有突出的JAK抑制活性,并且可以被开发为治疗与JAK活性相关的疾病的药物。
因此,本发明的目的在于一种通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中:
X为CR3或N;
R3选自氢、卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基、氧代基、烷基、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基;
Y为CH或N;
Z为CH或N;
R2选自氢、卤素、氨基、氰基、羟基、巯基、羧基、烷基、烷氧基、环烷基;其中所述烷基、烷氧基、环烷基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、氧代基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
Cy选自稠环、稠杂环、螺环、螺杂环、桥环、桥杂环,其中所述稠环、稠杂环、螺环、螺杂环、桥环、桥杂环任选进一步被一个或多个R4取代;
每个R4各自独立地选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基、氧代基、烷基、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基、-C(O)Ra、-O(O)CRa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、NRaRb、-NHC(O)Ra、-S(O)nRa、-S(O)nNRaRb、-NHS(O)nRa;其中所述烷基、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、氧代基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
L1和L2各自独立地选自单键、CR5R6、-C(O)-、-C(S)-、-N(Ra)-、-S(O)n-、-O-、-S-、-C(O)N(Ra)-、-S(O)nN(Ra)-;
R5和R6各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基,所述烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基和杂芳基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、氧代基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
或者R5和R6及其连接的原子一起形成环烷基或杂环基,所述环烷基或杂环基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、氧代基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
R1选自烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基,其中所述烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基任选进一步被一个或多个R7取代;
每个R7各自独立地选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基、氧代基、烷基、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基、ORa、-C(O)Ra、-O(O)CRa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、NRaRb、-NHC(O)Ra、-S(O)nRa、-S(O)nNRaRb、-NHS(O)nRa;其中所述烷基、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、氧代基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
Ra和Rb各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基,其中所述烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基和杂芳基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、氧代基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
或者Ra和Rb与他们连接的氮原子一起形成含氮杂环基,所述含氮杂环基任选进一步被选自卤素、氨基、硝基、氰基、氧代基、羟基、巯基、羧基、酯基、烷基、烷氧基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基的一个或多个基团取代;
n为0至2的整数。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,其为通式(II)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,X、Cy、L1、L2、R1、R2如通式(I)所定义。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,其为通式(III)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,Cy、L1、L2、R1、R2如通式(I)所定义。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,R2选自氢、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、烷基、环烷基,优选卤素、氰基,更优选氰基。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,
其中,R4如通式(I)所定义,优选卤素、烷基、卤代烷基。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,
L1为单键,
L2选自CR5R6、-C(O)-、-N(Ra)-、-S(O)n-、-C(O)N(Ra)-、-S(O)nN(Ra)-;
其中,R5、R6、Ra、n如通式(I)所定义。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,L2选自-C(O)-、-S(O)n-、-C(O)N(Ra)-、-S(O)nN(Ra)-;
n为1或2;
Ra选自氢或烷基。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,
其中,R1选自烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基,其中所述烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基任选进一步被一个或多个R7取代;
每个R7各自独立地选自卤素、烷基、烷氧基;其中所述烷基、烷氧基任选进一步被选自卤素的一个或多个基团取代。
本发明典型的化合物包括但不限于:
或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐。
本发明进一步提供一种制备根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐的方法,其包括以下步骤:
步骤1:在碱性条件下,将化合物(If)与化合物(Ib)进行反应得到化合物(Ic),其中,碱性试剂优选DBU;
步骤2:在酸性条件下,将化合物(Ic)进行脱保护反应得到化合物(Id),其中,酸性试剂优选三氟乙酸;
步骤3:在碱性条件下,将化合物(Id)与A-L1-L2-R1反应,得到化合物(Ie),其中,碱性试剂优选三乙胺;
步骤4:先在酸性条件后在碱性条件下,将化合物(Ie)进行脱保护反应得到通式(I)化合物,其中酸性试剂优选三氟乙酸,碱性试剂优选氨水;
其中,A为Cl、Br或I;
X、Y、Z、R1、R2、Cy、L1、L2如通式(I)所定义。
本发明另外提供一种药物组合物,其含有根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明进一步提供根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,或者含有其的药物组合物,在制备JAK抑制剂中的用途。
本发明进一步提供根据本发明所述的通式(I)所示的化合物或其内消旋体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、或其混合物形式、其前药或其可药用盐,或者含有其的药物组合物,在制备预防和/或治疗与JAK活性相关的疾病的药物中的用途。其中所述疾病选自炎症、自身免疫性疾病、或癌症,所述炎症例如关节炎特别是类风湿性关节炎、银屑病性关节炎、炎症性肠炎、葡萄膜炎、银屑病;所述自身免疫性疾病例如多发性硬化症、狼疮;所述癌症例如乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌、肺癌、胃癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、脑癌、皮肤癌、口腔癌、前列腺癌、骨癌、肾癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、肝癌、输卵管肿瘤、卵巢瘤、腹膜肿瘤、黑色素瘤、实体瘤、神经胶质瘤、神经胶母细胞瘤、肝细胞癌、乳突肾性瘤、头颈部肿瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤和非小细胞肺癌。
按照本发明所属领域的常规方法,本发明通式(I)所示的化合物可以与酸生成药学上可接受的酸式加成盐。所述酸包括无机酸和有机酸,特别优选盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、苯磺酸、萘二磺酸、乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、三氟乙酸、马来酸、柠檬酸、富马酸、草酸、酒石酸、苯甲酸等。
按照本发明所属领域的常规方法,本发明通式(I)所示的化合物可以与碱生成药学上可接受的碱式加成盐。所述碱包括无机碱和有机碱,可接受的有机碱包括二乙醇胺、乙醇胺、N-甲基葡糖胺、三乙醇胺、氨丁三醇等,可接受的无机碱包括氢氧化铝、氢氧化钙、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠和氢氧化钠等。
此外,本发明还包括本发明通式(I)所示的化合物的前药。本发明所述的前药是通式(I)所示的化合物的衍生物,它们自身可能具有较弱的活性甚至没有活性,但是在给药后,在生理条件下(例如通过代谢、溶剂分解或另外的方式)被转化成相应的生物活性形式。
含活性成分的药物组合物可以是适用于口服的形式,例如片剂、糖锭剂、锭剂、水或油混悬液、可分散粉末或颗粒、乳液、硬或软胶囊,或糖浆剂或酏剂。可按照本领域任何已知制备药用组合物的方法制备口服组合物,此类组合物可含有一种或多种选自以下的成分:甜味剂、矫味剂、着色剂和防腐剂,以提供悦目和可口的药用制剂。片剂含有活性成分和用于混合的适宜制备片剂的无毒的可药用的赋形剂。这些赋形剂可以是惰性赋形剂,如碳酸钙、碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;造粒剂和崩解剂,例如微晶纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、玉米淀粉或藻酸;粘合剂,例如淀粉、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或阿拉伯胶;和润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石粉。这些片剂可以不包衣或可通过掩盖药物的味道或在胃肠道中延迟崩解和吸收,因而在较长时间内提供缓释作用的已知技术将其包衣。例如,可使用水溶性味道掩蔽物质,例如羟丙基甲基纤维素或羟丙基纤维素,或延长时间物质例如乙基纤维素、醋酸丁酸纤维素。
也可用其中活性成分与惰性固体稀释剂例如碳酸钙、磷酸钙或高岭土混合的硬明胶胶囊,或其中活性成分与水溶性载体例如聚乙二醇或油溶媒例如花生油、液体石蜡或橄榄油混合的软明胶胶囊提供口服制剂。
水混悬液含有活性物质和用于混合的适宜制备水混悬液的赋形剂。此类赋形剂是悬浮剂,例如羧基甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和阿拉伯胶;分散剂或湿润剂,可以是天然产生的磷脂例如卵磷脂,或烯化氧与脂肪酸的缩合产物,例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯,或环氧乙烷与长链脂肪醇的缩合产物,例如十七碳亚乙基氧基鲸蜡醇(heptadecaethyleneoxy cetanol),或环氧乙烷与由脂肪酸和己糖醇衍生的部分酯的缩合产物,例如聚环氧乙烷山梨醇单油酸酯,或环氧乙烷与由脂肪酸和己糖醇酐衍生的偏酯的缩合产物,例如聚环氧乙烷脱水山梨醇单油酸酯。水混悬液也可以含有一种或多种防腐剂例如尼泊金乙酯或尼泊金正丙酯、一种或多种着色剂、一种或多种矫味剂和一种或多种甜味剂,例如蔗糖、糖精或阿司帕坦。
油混悬液可通过使活性成分悬浮于植物油如花生油、橄榄油、芝麻油或椰子油,或矿物油例如液体石蜡中配制而成。油混悬液可含有增稠剂,例如蜂蜡、硬石蜡或鲸蜡醇。可加入上述的甜味剂和矫味剂,以提供可口的制剂。可通过加入抗氧化剂例如丁羟茴醚或α-生育酚保存这些组合物。
通过加入水,适用于制备水混悬液的可分散粉末和颗粒可以提供活性成分和用于混合的分散剂或湿润剂、悬浮剂或一种或多种防腐剂。适宜的分散剂或湿润剂和悬浮剂如上所述。也可加入其他赋形剂例如甜味剂、矫味剂和着色剂。通过加入抗氧化剂例如抗坏血酸保存这些组合物。
本发明的药物组合物也可以是水包油乳剂的形式。油相可以是植物油例如橄榄油或花生油,或矿物油例如液体石蜡或其混合物。适宜的乳化剂可以是天然产生的磷脂,例如大豆卵磷脂,和由脂肪酸和己糖醇酐衍生的酯或偏酯,例如山梨坦单油酸酯,和所述偏酯和环氧乙烷的缩合产物,例如聚环氧乙烷山梨醇单油酸酯。乳剂也可以含有甜味剂、矫味剂、防腐剂和抗氧剂。可用甜味剂例如甘油、丙二醇、山梨醇或蔗糖配制的糖浆和酏剂。此类制剂也可含有缓和剂、防腐剂、着色剂和抗氧剂。
本发明的药物组合物可以是无菌注射水溶液形式。可以使用的可接受的溶媒和溶剂有水、林格氏液和等渗氯化钠溶液。无菌注射制剂可以是其中活性成分溶于油相的无菌注射水包油微乳。例如将活性成分溶于大豆油和卵磷脂的混合物中。然后将油溶液加入水和甘油的混合物中处理形成微乳。可通过局部大量注射,将注射液或微乳注入患者的血流中。或者,最好按可保持本发明化合物恒定循环浓度的方式给予溶液和微乳。为保持这种恒定浓度,可使用连续静脉内递药装置。
本发明的药物组合物可以是用于肌内和皮下给药的无菌注射水或油混悬液的形式。可按已知技术,用上述那些适宜的分散剂或湿润剂和悬浮剂配制该混悬液。无菌注射制剂也可以是在无毒肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中制备的无菌注射溶液或混悬液,例如在1,3-丁二醇中制备的溶液。此外,可方便地用无菌固定油作为溶剂或悬浮介质。为此目的,可使用包括合成甘油单或二酯在内的任何调和固定油。此外,脂肪酸例如油酸也可以制备注射剂。
可按用于直肠给药的栓剂形式给予本发明化合物。可通过将药物与在普通温度下为固体但在直肠中为液体,因而在直肠中会溶化而释放药物的适宜的无刺激性赋形剂混合来制备这些药物组合物。此类物质包括可可脂、甘油明胶、氢化植物油、各种分子量的聚乙二醇和聚乙二醇的脂肪酸酯的混合物。
本领域技术人员熟知,药物的给药剂量依赖于多种因素,包括但并非限定于以下因素:所用特定化合物的活性、病人的年龄、病人的体重、病人的健康状况、病人的行被、病人的饮食、给药时间、给药方式、排泄的速率、药物的组合等。另外,最佳的治疗方式如治疗的模式、通式化合物的日用量或可药用的盐的种类可以根据传统的治疗方案来验证。
本发明可以含有通式(I)所示的化合物,及其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物作为活性成分,与药学上可接受的载体或赋型剂混合制备成组合物,并制备成临床上可接受的剂型。本发明的衍生物可以与其他活性成分组合使用,只要它们不产生其他不利的作用,例如过敏反应等。本发明化合物可作为唯一的活性成分,也可以与其它治疗与JAK活性相关的疾病的药物联合使用。联合治疗通过将各个治疗组分同时、分开或相继给药来实现。
发明的详细说明
除非有相反陈述,在说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语具有下述含义。
术语“烷基”指饱和脂肪族烃基团,其为包含1至20个碳原子的直链或支链基团,优选含有1至12个碳原子的烷基,更优选含有1至6个碳原子的烷基。非限制性实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基、正庚基、2-甲基己基、3-甲基己基、4-甲基己基、5-甲基己基、2,3-二甲基戊基、2,4-二甲基戊基、2,2-二甲基戊基、3,3-二甲基戊基、2-乙基戊基、3-乙基戊基、正辛基、2,3-二甲基己基、2,4-二甲基己基、2,5-二甲基己基、2,2-二甲基己基、3,3-二甲基己基、4,4-二甲基己基、2-乙基己基、3-乙基己基、4-乙基己基、2-甲基-2-乙基戊基、2-甲基-3-乙基戊基、正壬基、2-甲基-2-乙基己基、2-甲基-3-乙基己基、2,2-二乙基戊基、正癸基、3,3-二乙基己基、2,2-二乙基己基,及其各种支链异构体等。更优选的是含有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基,非限制性实施例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、正己基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、2,3-二甲基丁基等。烷基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基可以在任何可使用的连接点上被取代,所述取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“烯基”指由至少由两个碳原子和至少一个碳-碳双键组成的如上定义的烷基,例如乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-、2-或3-丁烯基等。烯基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基。
术语“炔基”指由至少由两个碳原子和至少一个碳-碳三键组成的如上定义的烷基,例如乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基等。炔基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基。
术语“环烷基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,环烷基环包含3至20个碳原子,优选包含3至12个碳原子,更优选包含3至6个碳原子。单环环烷基的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚基、环庚三烯基、环辛基等;多环环烷基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的环烷基。
术语“螺环烷基”指5至20元的单环之间共用一个碳原子(称螺原子)的多环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据环与环之间共用螺原子的数目将螺环烷基分为单螺环烷基、双螺环烷基或多螺环烷基,优选为单螺环烷基和双螺环烷基。更优选为4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺环烷基。螺环烷基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“稠环烷基”指5至20元,系统中的每个环与体系中的其他环共享毗邻的一对碳原子的全碳多环基团,其中一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠环烷基,优选为双环或三环,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环烷基。稠环烷基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“桥环烷基”指5至20元,任意两个环共用两个不直接连接的碳原子的全碳多环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥环烷基,优选为双环、三环或四环,更有选为双环或三环。桥环烷基的非限制性实例包括:
所述环烷基环可以稠合于芳基、杂芳基或杂环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为环烷基,非限制性实例包括茚满基、四氢萘基、苯并环庚烷基等。环烷基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“杂环基”指饱和或部分不饱和单环或多环环状烃取代基,其包含3至20个环原子,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,但不包括-O-O-、-O-S-或-S-S-的环部分,其余环原子为碳。优选包含3至12个环原子,其中1~4个是杂原子;最优选包含3至8个环原子,其中1~3个是杂原子;最优选包含5至7个环原子,其中1~2或1~3个是杂原子。单环杂环基的非限制性实例包括吡咯烷基、咪唑烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、二氢咪唑基、二氢呋喃基、二氢吡唑基、二氢吡咯基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、高哌嗪基、吡喃基等,优选1、2、5-噁二唑基、吡喃基或吗啉基。多环杂环基包括螺环、稠环和桥环的杂环基。
术语“螺杂环基”指5至20元的单环之间共用一个原子(称螺原子)的多环杂环基团,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据环与环之间共用螺原子的数目将螺杂环基分为单螺杂环基、双螺杂环基或多螺杂环基,优选为单螺杂环基和双螺杂环基。更优选为4元/4元、4元/5元、4元/6元、5元/5元或5元/6元单螺杂环基。螺杂环基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“稠杂环基”指5至20元,系统中的每个环与体系中的其他环共享毗邻的一对原子的多环杂环基团,一个或多个环可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环稠杂环基,优选为双环或三环,更优选为5元/5元或5元/6元双环稠杂环基。稠杂环基的非限制性实例包括:
术语“桥杂环基”指5至14元,任意两个环共用两个不直接连接的原子的多环杂环基团,其可以含有一个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统,其中一个或多个环原子为选自氮、氧或S(O)m(其中m是整数0至2)的杂原子,其余环原子为碳。优选为6至14元,更优选为7至10元。根据组成环的数目可以分为双环、三环、四环或多环桥杂环基,优选为双环、三环或四环,更有选为双环或三环。桥杂环基的非限制性实例包括:
所述杂环基环可以稠合于芳基、杂芳基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂环基,其非限制性实例包括:
杂环基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、氧代基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“芳基”指具有共轭的π电子体系的6至14元全碳单环或稠合多环(也就是共享毗邻碳原子对的环)基团,优选为6至10元,例如苯基和萘基。更优选苯基。所述芳基环可以稠合于杂芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为芳基环,其非限制性实例包括:
芳基可以是取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“杂芳基”指包含1至4个杂原子、5至14个环原子的杂芳族体系,其中杂原子选自氧、硫和氮。杂芳基优选为5至10元,含1至3个杂原子;更优选为5元或6元,含1至2个杂原子;优选例如咪唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、噻唑基、吡唑基、噁唑基、吡咯基、四唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻二唑、吡嗪基等,优选为咪唑基、噻唑基、吡唑基或嘧啶基、噻唑基;更有选吡唑基或噻唑基。所述杂芳基环可以稠合于芳基、杂环基或环烷基环上,其中与母体结构连接在一起的环为杂芳基环,其非限制性实例包括:
杂芳基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“烷氧基”指-O-(烷基)和-O-(非取代的环烷基),其中烷基的定义如上所述。烷氧基的非限制性实例包括:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基。烷氧基可以是任选取代的或非取代的,当被取代时,取代基优选为一个或多个以下基团,其独立地选自烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、烷硫基、烷基氨基、卤素、巯基、羟基、硝基、氰基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷氧基、杂环烷氧基、环烷硫基、杂环烷硫基、羧基或羧酸酯基。
术语“卤代烷基”指被一个或多个卤素取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“卤代烷氧基”指被一个或多个卤素取代的烷氧基,其中烷氧基如上所定义。
术语“羟烷基”指被羟基取代的烷基,其中烷基如上所定义。
术语“羟基”指-OH基团。
术语“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘。
术语“氨基”指-NH2。
术语“氰基”指-CN。
术语“硝基”指-NO2。
术语“氧代基”指=O。
术语“羧基”指-C(O)OH。
术语“巯基”指-SH。
术语“酯基”指-C(O)O(烷基)或-C(O)O(环烷基),其中烷基和环烷基如上所定义。
术语“酰基”指含有-C(O)R基团的化合物,其中R为烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基。
术语“磺酸基”指-S(O)2OH。
术语“磺酸酯基”指-S(O)2O(烷基)或-S(O)2O(环烷基),其中烷基和环烷基如上所定义。
术语“磺酰基”指-S(O)2R基团的化合物,其中R为烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基。
术语“氨基酰基”指-C(O)-NRR’,其中R、R’各自独立地为氢、烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基。
术语“氨基磺酰基”或“磺酰氨基”指-S(O)2-NRR’,其中R、R’各自独立地为氢、烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂芳基。
“任选”或“任选地”意味着随后所描述的事件或环境可以但不必发生,该说明包括该事件或环境发生或不发生的场合。例如,“任选被烷基取代的杂环基团”意味着烷基可以但不必须存在,该说明包括杂环基团被烷基取代的情形和杂环基团不被烷基取代的情形。
“取代的”指基团中的一个或多个氢原子,优选为最多5个,更优选为1~3个氢原子彼此独立地被相应数目的取代基取代。不言而喻,取代基仅处在它们的可能的化学位置,本领域技术人员能够在不付出过多努力的情况下确定(通过实验或理论)可能或不可能的取代。例如,具有游离氢的氨基或羟基与具有不饱和(如烯属)键的碳原子结合时可能是不稳定的。
“药物组合物”表示含有一种或多种本文所述化合物或其生理学上/可药用的盐或前体药物与其他化学组分的混合物,以及其他组分例如生理学/可药用的载体和赋形剂。药物组合物的目的是促进对生物体的给药,利于活性成分的吸收进而发挥生物活性。
“可药用盐”是指本发明化合物的盐,这类盐用于哺乳动物体内时具有安全性和有效性,且具有应有的生物活性。
本发明化合物的合成方法
为了完成本发明的目的,本发明采用如下技术方案。
本发明通式(I)所示的化合物或其盐可通过如下方案制备:
方案1
步骤1:将化合物Ia在碱性条件和催化剂条件下与R2-CH2-PO(OC2H5)2反应得到化合物Ib,其中碱性试剂优选三乙胺,催化剂优选溴化锂。
步骤2:将化合物Ic在碱性条件下与SEM-Cl反应得到化合物Id,其中碱性试剂优选钠氢。
步骤3:在碱性条件和催化剂存在下,将化合物Id与化合物Ie反应得到化合物If,其中,碱性试剂优选碳酸钾,催化剂优选Pd(PPh4)4。
步骤4:将化合物If与Ib在碱性条件下反应得到化合物Ig,其中,碱性试剂优选DBU和叔丁醇钾。
步骤5:将化合物Ig在酸性条件下发生脱保护反应得到化合物Ih,其中,酸性试剂优选盐酸乙酸乙酯溶液。
步骤6:将化合物Ih在碱性条件下,与R1-L1-L2-A(A=Cl、Br或I)反应得到化合物Ii,其中,碱性试剂优选三乙胺;或者由Ig与R1-L1-L2-OH在碱性条件和催化剂条件反应得到化合物Ii,其中碱性试剂优选DIPEA,催化剂优选HATU。
步骤7:将化合物Ii脱去保护基得到通式(I)化合物,脱保护条件优选三氟乙酸/氨水。
其中,X、Y、Z、Cy、R1、R2、L1、L2如通式(I)所定义。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例进一步描述本发明,但这些实施例并非限制着本发明的范围。
化合物的结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)或/和质谱(MS)来确定的。NMR位移以10-6(ppm)的单位给出。NMR的测定是用Brukerdps300型核磁仪,测定溶剂为氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d6)、氘代氯仿(CDCl3)、氘代甲醇(CD3OD),内标为四甲基硅烷(TMS)。
MS的测定用1100Series LC/MSD Trap(ESI)质谱仪(生产商:Agilent)。
实施例中无特殊说明,制备液相使用lc3000高效液相色谱仪以及lc6000高效液相色谱仪(生产商:创新通恒)。色谱柱为Daisogel C18 10μm 60A(20mm×250mm)。流动相:乙腈,水(0.05甲酸%)。
HPLC的测定使用岛津LC-20AD高压液相色谱仪(Agilent TC-C18 250×4.6mm5μm色谱柱)和岛津LC-2010AHT高压液相色谱仪(Phenomenex C18 250×4.6mm5μm色谱柱)。
薄层层析硅胶板使用青岛海洋化工GF254硅胶板,薄层色谱法(TLC)使用的硅胶板采用的规格是0.15mm~0.2mm,薄层层析分离纯化产品采用的规格是0.4mm~0.5mm。
柱层析一般使用青岛海洋硅胶100~200目、200~300目硅胶为载体。
本发明的已知的起始原料可以采用或按照本领域已知的方法来合成,或可购买自网化商城、北京耦合、Sigma、百灵威、易世明、上海书亚、伊诺凯、南京药石、安耐吉化学等公司。
实施例中无特殊说明,反应能够均在氩气氛或氮气氛下进行。
氩气氛或氮气氛是指反应瓶连接一个约1L容积的氩气或氮气气球。
微波反应使用CEM Discover SP型微波反应器。
实施例中无特殊说明,溶液是指水溶液。
实施例中无特殊说明,反应的温度为室温,为20℃~30℃。
实施例中的反应进程的监测采用薄层色谱法(TLC),反应所使用的展开剂的体系有:A:二氯甲烷和甲醇体系,B:正己烷和乙酸乙酯体系,C:石油醚和乙酸乙酯体系,D:丙酮,溶剂的体积比根据化合物的极性不同而进行调节。
纯化化合物采用的柱层析的洗脱剂的体系和薄层色谱法的展开剂体系包括:A:二氯甲烷和甲醇体系,B:石油醚、乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷体系,C:石油醚和乙酸乙酯体系,溶剂的体积比根据化合物的极性不同而进行调节,也可以加入少量的三乙胺和醋酸等碱性或酸性试剂进行调节。
实施例
实施例1:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(乙基磺酰基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(1)及其手性异构体(1-1和1-2)的制备
步骤1:5-(氰基亚甲基)六氢环戊二烯并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1b)的合成
于100mL单口瓶中加入溴化锂(464mg,5.33mmol)和THF(30mL),室温搅拌10分钟后,加入氰甲基二乙基磷酸酯(830mg,4.67mmol)和三乙胺(900mg,8.89mmol),继续室温搅拌30分钟后,加入5-氧代六氢环戊二烯并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1a)(1.00g,4.44mmol),然后于室温搅拌过夜。将反应液减压浓缩,残余物通过柱层析色谱法(洗脱剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1-3:1)纯化,得到淡黄色油状物标题化合物950mg,收率:86.3%。
步骤2:4-氯-7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶(1d)的合成
于250mL三口瓶中加入4-氯-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶(1c)(5.00g,32.5mmol)和THF(50mL)。于0℃,氮气氛下加入NaH(1.69g,42.3mmol,60%),搅拌30分钟,然后加入SEM-Cl(6.51g,39.0mmol)。使其自然升至室温搅拌过夜。向反应液中加入水(100mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×2),有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。残余物通过柱层析色谱法(洗脱剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1-2:1)纯化,得到淡黄色油状物标题化合物5.00g,收率:54.4%。
步骤3:4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶(1f)的合成
于250mL单口瓶中加入4-氯-7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶(1d)(3.00g,10.6mmol)、(1H-吡唑-4-基)硼酸频哪醇酯(2.67g,13.8mmol)、Pd(ddf)Cl2(776mg,1.06mmol)、碳酸钾(3.66g,26.5mmol)和二氧六环/水(80mL/20mL)。于80℃,在氮气氛下,搅拌过夜。将反应液降至室温,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。残余物通过柱层析色谱法(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:1-10:1)纯化,得到白色固体状的标题化合物1.80g,收率:53.9%。
步骤4:5-(氰基甲基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1g)的合成
于50mL单口瓶中加入5-(氰基亚甲基)六氢环戊二烯并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1b)(620mg,2.50mmol)、4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶(1f)(866mg,2.75mmol)、DBU(456mg,3.0mmol)和乙腈(20mL)。于80℃搅拌过夜。将反应液降至室温,减压浓缩。残余物通过柱层析色谱法(洗脱剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:1-20:1)纯化,得到淡黄色油状物标题化合物400mg,收率:28.6%。LC/MS[M+H]:564。
步骤5:2-(5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(1h)的合成
于50mL单口瓶中加入5-(氰基甲基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1g)(400mg,0.71mmol)和盐酸乙酸乙酯溶液(3M,14mL)。室温搅拌30分钟,将反应液减压浓缩,得到淡黄色固体状标题化合物350mg,收率:98.6%。LC/MS[M+H]:464。
步骤6:2-(2-(乙基磺酰基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(1i)的合成
于25mL单口瓶中加入2-(5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(1h)(350mg,0.70mmol)、THF(6mL)和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(3mL)。于0℃滴加乙基磺酰氯(138mg,1.08mmol),然后于0℃搅拌0.5小时。分相,将水相用二氯甲烷萃取两次,每次10mL,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。得到粗品棕色油状物标题化合物390mg,收率:100%。
步骤7:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(乙基磺酰基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(1)及其手性异构体(1-1和1-2)的合成
于50mL单口瓶中加入2-(2-(乙基磺酰基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(390mg,0.70mmol)、二氯甲烷(10mL)和三氟乙酸(5mL),于室温搅拌2小时。将反应液减压浓缩,残余物加入甲醇(10ml),用氨水调节pH至10左右,继续搅拌1小时,浓缩,得到化合物1。
将化合物1用反相HPLC制备,得白色固体状的两个手性异构体化合物1-1和1-2。
制备方法:柱子:30mm×250mm;填料:C18,10μm;方法:0-2-22min,乙腈10-10-40%;波长:254nm;流速:45ml/min;流动相:乙腈,水(0.05甲酸%)。
化合物1-1(保留时间14.6min),5mg,收率:3.4%,LCMS[M+H]:426。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.71(s,2H),8.41(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.06(s,1H),3.13-3.20(m,2H),3.08-3.13(m,2H),2.97-3.07(m,5H),2.56-2.63(m,3H),2.20-2.25(m,2H),1.20(t,J=8Hz,3H)。
化合物1-2(保留时间17.1min),20mg,收率:13.4%,LCMS[M+H]:426。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.80(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.41(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.10(s,1H),3.21-3.41(m,2H),3.15-3.19(m,4H),3.10-3.13(m,4H),2.70(s,2H),1.85-1.90(m,2H),1.26(t,J=6Hz,3H)。
实施例2:2-(2-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-6-(乙基磺酰基)-6-氮杂-螺[3.4]辛-2-基)乙腈(2)及其手性异构体(2-1和2-2)的制备
与实施例1的制备方法相同,除了用2-氧代-6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷-6-羧酸叔丁酯替代5-氧代六氢环戊二烯并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1a),制得化合物2。
将化合物2用反相HPLC制备,得白色固体状的两个手性异构体化合物2-1和2-2。
制备方法:柱子:30mm×250mm;填料:C18,10μm;方法:0-2-22min,乙腈10-10-40%;波长:254nm;流速:45ml/min;流动相:乙腈,水(0.05甲酸%)。
化合物2-1(保留时间16.6min):
MS:m/z=426[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.79(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.42(s,1H),7.59-7.61(m,1H),7.05-7.07(m,1H),3.47(s,2H),3.29(s,2H),3.22(s,2H),3.03-3.10(m,2H),2.96-3.00(m,2H),2.53-2.57(m,2H),2.09-2.14(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.16-1.21(t,J=7.3Hz,2H)。
化合物2-2(保留时间17.4min):
MS:m/z=426[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.82(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.43(s,1H),7.59-7.61(m,1H),7.06-7.07(m,1H),3.42-3.47(m,4H),3.24-3.29(m,2H),3.07-3.14(m,2H),2.92-2.97(m,2H),2.59-2.64(m,2H),1.81-1.86(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.20-1.25(t,J=7.5Hz,2H)。
实施例3:2-(6-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(乙基磺酰基)-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚-6-基)乙腈(3)的制备
与实施例1的制备方法相同,除了用6-氧代-2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯替代5-氧代六氢环戊二烯并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1a),制得标题化合物3。
MS:m/z=412[M+H]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.13(s,1H),8.78(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.42(s,1H),7.63(s,1H),7.08(s,1H),4.07(s,2H),3.89(s,2H),3.38(s,2H),3.09-3.15(m,4H),2.77-2.81(m,2H),1.22-1.26(m,3H)。
实施例4:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈手性异构体(4-1和4-2)的制备
步骤1:5-(氰基甲基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯手性异构体(1g-1和1g-2)的制备
将5-(氰基甲基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1g)(8.10g)通过柱层析色谱法(洗脱剂:石油醚:乙酸乙酯=100:1-乙酸乙酯)纯化得淡黄色油状的异构体1g-1(Rf=0.30,展开剂:乙酸乙酯)5.00g,淡黄色油状的异构体1g-2(Rf=0.25,展开剂:乙酸乙酯)2.20g。
异构体1g-1:
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 8.80(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.76-7.78(d,J=3.69Hz,1H),7.16-7.17(d,J=3.69Hz,1H),5.64(s,2H),3.48-3.54(m,2H),3.36-3.39(m,4H),3.22-3.25(m,2H),2.99-3.02(m,2H),2.60-2.64(m,2H),1.82-1.89(m,2H),1.39(s,9H),0.79-0.84(m,2H),0.12(s,9H)。
异构体1g-2:
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 8.74-7.79(m,2H),8.40(s,1H),7.78-7.79(d,J=3.54Hz,1H),7.16-7.17(d,J=3.54Hz,1H),5.62(s,2H),3.48-3.53(m,2H),3.30-3.40(m,6H),3.17-3.21(m,2H),2.81-2.89(m,2H),2.31-2.36(m,2H),1.28(s,9H),0.78-0.84(m,2H),0.12(s,9H)。
步骤2:2-(5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈盐酸盐手性异构体(1h-1)的合成
于100mL单口瓶中加入化合物1g-1(2.0g,3.55mmol)和盐酸乙酸乙酯溶液(40mL,3M),于室温搅拌0.5小时后,将反应液减压浓缩,得到棕色油状标题化合物1.50g,收率:84.5%。
步骤3:2-(2-(4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈手性异构体(4a-1)的合成
于100mL三口瓶中加入4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酸(82mg,0.43mmol)、HATU(197mg,0.52mmol)和DMF(5mL)。于室温搅拌0.5小时后,加入化合物1h-1(200mg,0.43mmol),然后滴加DIPEA(167mg,1.29mmol)。滴加完毕后,于室温搅拌过夜。将反应液倒入水(50mL)中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相用饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到棕色固体状标题化合物220mg,收率:80.3%。
步骤4:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈手性异构体(4-1)的合成。
于100mL单口瓶中加入化合物4a-1(220mg,0.35mmol)、二氯甲烷(10mL)和三氟乙酸(5mL),于室温搅拌2小时。将反应液减压浓缩,残留物加入甲醇(10mL),用氨水调节pH至10左右,继续搅拌2小时。减压浓缩,残留物经制备液相色谱法纯化,得白色固体状标题化合物13mg,收率:7.4%。
MS:m/z=506[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.78(s,1H),8.68(s,1H),8.39(s,1H),7.82-7.85(d,J=8Hz,2H),7.71-7.74(d,J=9Hz,2H),7.59-7.60(m,1H),7.05-7.07(m,1H),3.73-3.77(d,J=12Hz,1H),3.55(m,2H),3.41(m,3H),2.96-3.11(m,2H),2.60-2.80(m,2H),1.80–1.92(m,2H)。
步骤5-7:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酰基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈手性异构体(4-2)的合成。
与化合物4-1的制备方法相同,除了用化合物1g-2替代1g-1,制得标题化合物4-2。
MS:m/z=506[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.13(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.71(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.60-7.63(m,3H),7.04-7.06(m,1H),3.14(br,3H),3.34(br,4H),2.98(br,3H),2.36-2.42(m,2H)。
实施例5:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯甲酰基)八氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈手性异构体(5-1和5-2)的制备
与实施例4中化合物4-1和4-2的制备方法相同,除了用4-(三氟甲氧基)苯甲酸替代4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酸,以化合物1h-1为原料制得化合物5-1,以化合物1h-2为原料制得化合物5-2。
化合物5-1:
MS:m/z=522[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.13(s,1H),8.78(s,1H),8.68(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.72-7.85(m,4H),7.59-7.61(m,1H),7.06-7.07(m,1H),3.76(d,J=15Hz,1H),3.45-3.55(m,2H),3.35-3.42(m,3H),2.96-3.11(m,2H),2.60-2.90(m,2H),1.80-1.92(m,2H)。
化合物5-2:
MS:m/z=522[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.13(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.39(s,1H),7.54-7.60(m,3H),7.34(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.05(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),3.60-3.70(m,3H),3.20-3.50(m,4H),2.90-3.10(m,3H),2.20-2.45(m,2H)。
实施例6:5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-5-(氰基甲基)-N-环丙基六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酰胺手性异构体(6-1和6-2)的制备
步骤1:5-(氰基甲基)-N-环丙基-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酰胺手性异构体(6a-1)的合成
于100mL单口瓶中将三乙胺(131mg,2.93mmol)加入至化合物1h-1(300mg,0.65mmol)和苯基环丙基氨基甲酸酯(115mg,2.19mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液中,于60℃搅拌过夜。将反应液减压浓缩,加入水(20mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,有机相用饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到白色固体状标题化合物粗品230mg,收率:65.7%。
MS:m/z=547[M+H]+。
步骤2:5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-5-(氰基甲基)-N-环丙基六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酰胺手性异构体(6-1)的合成
于100mL单口瓶中加入化合物6a-1(230mg,0.42mmol)、二氯甲烷(10mL)、三氟乙酸(5mL)。于室温搅拌2小时。将反应液减压浓缩,残留物中加入甲醇(10mL),用氨水调节pH至10左右,继续搅拌2小时。将反应液减压浓缩,残留物经制备液相色谱法纯化得白色固体状标题化合物40mg,收率:22.9%。
MS:m/z=417[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.79(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.40(s,1H),7.60(m,1H),7.07-7.09(m,1H),6.34(m,1H),3.27-3.39(m,2H),3.18-3.23(m,4H),3.00-3.07(m,2H),2.61-2.64(m,1H),2.45-2.48(m,1H),1.80-1.86(m,2H),0.49-0.57(m,2H),0.31-0.45(m,2H)。
步骤3和4:5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-5-(氰基甲基)-N-环丙基六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酰胺手性异构体(6-2)的合成
与化合物6-1的制备方法相同,除了用化合物1h-2替代1h-1,制得标题化合物6-2。
MS:m/z=417[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.12(s,1H),8.68(d,J=2.4Hz,2H),8.38(s,1H),7.59(t,J=2.7Hz,1H),7.04(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.27(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),3.27-3.32(m,4H),3.21-3.24(m,3H),2.86-2.89(m,2H),2.52-2.54(m,1H),2.41-2.44(m,1H),2.18-2.25(m,2H),0.47-0.50(m,2H),0.28-0.34(m,2H)。
实施例7:5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-5-(氰基甲基)-N-(3-甲氧基-1,2,4-噻二唑-5-基)六氢环戊烷并[c]吡咯-2(1H)-甲酰胺手性异构体(7-1和7-2)的制备
与实施例6中化合物6-1和化合物6-2的制备方法相同,除了用(3-甲氧基-1,2,4-噻二唑-5-基)氨基甲酸苯酯替代环丙基氨基甲酸苯酯,以化合物1h-1为原料制得化合物7-1,以化合物1h-2为原料制得化合物7-2。
化合物7-1:
MS:m/z=491[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.11(s,1H),11.63(s,1H),8.81(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.41(s,1H),7.59-7.61(m,1H),7.08-7.09(m,1H),3.91(s,3H),3.49-3.55(m,4H),3.46(s,2H),3.02-3.07(m,2H),2.51-2.54(m,2H),1.87-1.94(m,2H)。
化合物7-2:
MS:m/z=491[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.08(s,1H),11.51(s,1H),8.70(s,1H),8.65(s,1H),8.36(s,1H),7.55-7.57(m,1H),7.00-7.02(m,1H),3.86(s,3H),3.46-3.59(m,4H),3.38(s,2H),2.90-2.94(m,2H),2.5-2.47(m,2H),2.36-2.43(m,2H)。
实施例8:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(环丙基磺酰基)八氢环戊烷[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(8)的制备
步骤1:2-(2-(环丙基磺酰基)-5-(4-(7-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)八氢环戊烷[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(8a-1)的合成
于25mL单口瓶中加入化合物1h-1(200mg,0.40mmol)、THF(4mL)和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液(2mL)。于0℃滴加环丙基磺酰氯(84mg,0.60mmol),然后于0℃继续搅拌0.5小时。分离有机相,将水相用二氯甲烷萃取两次,每次10mL。合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液减压浓缩。得到棕色油状物标题化合物粗品220mg,收率:96.9%。
步骤2:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(环丙基磺酰基)八氢环戊烷[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(8)的合成
于50mL单口瓶中加入化合物8a-1(220mg,0.39mmol)、二氯甲烷(10mL)和三氟乙酸(5mL),于室温搅拌2小时。将反应液减压浓缩,残余物加入甲醇(10mL),用氨水调节pH至10左右,继续搅拌1小时,减压浓缩,残留物经制备液相色谱法纯化得白色固体状标题化合物50mg,收率:29.3%。
MS:m/z=438[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.11(s,1H),8.78(s,1H),8.68(s,1H),8.39(s,1H),7.59-7.61(m,1H),7.06-7.08(m,1H),3.39(s,2H),3.10-3.27(m,4H),3.05-3.08(m,2H),2.61-2.66(m,3H),1.81-1.88(m,2H),0.90-0.98(m,4H)。
实施例9:2-(5-(4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-(丙基磺酰基)八氢环戊烷[c]吡咯-5-基)乙腈(9)的制备
与实施例8的制备方法相同,除了用丙基磺酰氯替代环丙基磺酰氯,制得标题化合物9。
MS:m/z=440[M+H]+。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):δppm 12.11(s,1H),8.78(s,1H),8.68(s,1H),8.39(s,1H),7.59-7.61(m,1H),7.06-7.08(m,1H),3.39(s,2H),3.10-3.19(m,4H),3.05-3.08(m,4H),2.61-2.66(m,2H),1.80-1.87(m,2H),1.73-1.78(m,2H),0.98-1.04(m,3H)。
生物学评价
试验例1:本发明化合物体外JAK1激酶抑制活性的测定
实验材料:JAK1激酶(Invitrogen,PV4744),激酶底物GFP-STAT1(Invitrogen,PV4211),抗体ATP LanthaScreenTMTb-anti-pSTAT1(Invitrogen,PV4844),EDTA,激酶反应用的缓冲液TR-FRET稀释缓冲液(Invitrogen,PV3574),对照品Filgotinib(根据J.Med.Chem.,2014,57,9323公开的方法合成)和Baricitinib(根据WO2009114512公开的方法合成)。
样品配制:将本发明化合物和对照品分别溶于DMSO溶剂中,配成10mM母液。最终化合物反应最高浓度为10μM,3倍稀释,10个浓度梯度,每个浓度梯度设2个复孔。
实验方法:取4μL JAK1激酶(终浓度500ng/mL)分别加入含有本发明化合物和对照品的384孔反应板中,在25℃恒温培养箱中孵育15分钟;然后,取4μL底物混合物(20μM ATP和0.1μM GFP-STAT1)加入到含有JAK1激酶和本发明化合物和对照品的384孔反应板中,在25℃恒温培养箱反应1小时;取10μL抗体混合物(10mM EDTA、2nM抗体和TR-FRET稀释液)加入到384孔反应板中,在25℃恒温培养箱反应1小时;取出384孔反应板在Envision多功能读板机(Perkin Elmer,2104)上读取Emission Ratio信号,信号强度用于表征JAK1激酶的活性程度。
利用以下非线性拟合公式得到化合物的IC50(半数抑制浓度):
Y=Bottom+(Top-Bottom)/(1+10^((LogIC50-X)*HillSlope));
X:化合物浓度log值;
Y:发射率(Emission Ratio);
Bottom:最低值,Top:最高值,HillSlope:斜率;
本发明化合物对JAK1激酶的抑制活性见下表1。IC50值在0-10nM标记为A,10-30nM标记为B,30-100nM标记为C,大于100nM标记为D,NT代表未测试。
表1:本发明化合物对JAK1激酶的抑制活性
从上述试验结果可以清楚地看出,本发明化合物具有良好的体外抗JAK1激酶活性,相当或优于临床III期JAK1抑制剂药物Filgotinib和上市药物Baricitinib。
试验例2:本发明化合物SD大鼠体内药代动力学评价
雄性SD大鼠(北京市维通利华实验动物技术有限公司)口服给予本发明化合物,剂量为5mg/kg,分别于给药后0.00、0.25、0.50、1.00、2.00、4.00、6.00、8.00小时进行眼眶采血;血液经肝素钠(Sigma,H3149)抗凝,血浆样品用乙腈去蛋白后,经LC/MS(Waters,WatersUPLC I Class、TQ-S micro)分析得出血药浓度,并通过DAS软件2.0分析药代动力学参数。
本发明化合物1-1和1-2化合物的药代动力学数据见下表2。本发明化合物1-1口服给药后Cmax为36.33μg/L,Tmax为0.25h;本发明化合物1-2口服给药后,AUC为1756.78μg/L*h,Cmax为481.64μg/L,Tmax为1.50h。
表2:本发明化合物1-1和1-2的SD大鼠单次给药药代动力学参数
试验例3:本发明化合物对Wistar大鼠CIA模型的药效学研究
类风湿性关节炎是一种以慢性多关节炎症为主要表现的自身免疫性疾病。从类风湿性关节炎关节软骨的生化分析中发现其主要成分为胶原二型,并与机体的免疫系统相隔绝。胶原诱导关节炎是具有种属特异性胶原II型免疫后所诱发的实验动物模型,因其遗传背景和免疫病理学改变与临床类风湿性关节炎极为相似而成为目前研究类风湿性关节炎较为理想的动物模型。因此,选择牛二型胶原蛋白诱导的大鼠CIA模型,考察本发明化合物对类风湿性关节炎的药效。
动物品系、体重、年龄和来源:Wistar大鼠,雌性,30只,6-8周龄,180-220g;购于北京市维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,SPF级;动物生产许可证号:SCXK(京)2016-0011;发证单位:北京市科学技术委员会。
分组:分为模型组和本发明化合物组
胶原配制方法:
(1)胶原配制:0.02M牛II型胶原蛋白的配制:实验前一天取适量牛II型胶原(Chondrex,20021)10mg,溶于0.05M 5mL乙酸中,并且在4℃贮存。
(2)乳剂的制备:配制好的牛II型胶原蛋白与等体积不完全弗氏佐剂在冰浴环境下充分乳化,现用现配。
建模方法:
(1)在鼠尾根部注射0.2mL(胶原:200μg)乳剂。例如:从尾根部2cm处插入针头,直到针尖插入位置距尾根部0.5cm。针插入皮下且每次注射充分擦拭,防止乳液的露出。针头沿斜向上与鼠尾方向平行插入。
(2)第一次免疫7天后第二次加强免疫,在鼠尾根部注射0.1mL(胶原:100μg)乳剂,注射部位在尾根部3cm处,针尖插入皮下据鼠尾根部1.5cm处。
评分和分组方法:
造模12天后对于关节炎模型进行评分,关节炎严重程度根据关节、腕关节及指端的肿胀程度进行评分,评分依据见下表3。
表3:类风湿性关节炎评分依据表
6-8周雌性Wistar大鼠用牛II型胶原蛋白和不完全弗氏佐剂进行诱导造模,造模12天后评分分组,分值在2分以上入组。试验分为2组,每组10只,分别为模型组和本发明化合物组。模型组给予0.5%CMC-Na,本发明化合物组给予15mg/kg/天的本发明化合物1-2。给药持续十天。在给药的第1、3、7和10天进行评分,评分结果见表4。
表4:本发明化合物1-2给药10天观察的评分结果
结论:由表4可以看出,在给药10天进行类风湿关节炎评分,模型组分值在5.90分,本发明化合物组2.78分,经T检验,p=0.01,表明本发明化合物组与模型组有显著性差异,提示本发明化合物具有治疗类风湿关节炎的作用。
Claims (15)
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,步骤1中的碱性试剂为DBU。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,步骤2中的酸性试剂为三氟乙酸。
7.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,步骤3中的碱性试剂为三乙胺。
8.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,步骤4中的酸性试剂为三氟乙酸,碱性试剂为氨水。
9.一种药物组合物,其含有根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的通式(III)所示的化合物或其可药用盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
10.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的通式(III)所示的化合物或其可药用盐或者根据权利要求9所述的药物组合物在制备JAK抑制剂中的用途。
11.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的通式(III)所示的化合物或其可药用盐或者根据权利要求9所述的药物组合物在制备预防和/或治疗与JAK活性相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
12.根据权利要求11所述的用途,其中所述疾病选自炎症、自身免疫性疾病、或癌症。
13.根据权利要求12所述的用途,其中所述炎症为关节炎;所述自身免疫性疾病为多发性硬化症或狼疮;所述癌症选自乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌、肺癌、胃癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、脑癌、皮肤癌、口腔癌、前列腺癌、骨癌、肾癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、肝癌、输卵管肿瘤、腹膜肿瘤、黑色素瘤、神经胶质瘤、神经胶母细胞瘤、乳突肾性瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤和骨髓瘤。
14.根据权利要求12所述的用途,其中,所述炎症选自类风湿性关节炎、银屑病性关节炎、炎症性肠炎、葡萄膜炎或银屑病。
15.根据权利要求12所述的用途,其中,所述癌症选自肝细胞癌或非小细胞肺癌。
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