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CN110759971B - 一种源于鹿茸的抗氧化多肽及应用和添加剂 - Google Patents

一种源于鹿茸的抗氧化多肽及应用和添加剂 Download PDF

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CN110759971B
CN110759971B CN201810843190.1A CN201810843190A CN110759971B CN 110759971 B CN110759971 B CN 110759971B CN 201810843190 A CN201810843190 A CN 201810843190A CN 110759971 B CN110759971 B CN 110759971B
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靳艳
叶明亮
晏嘉泽
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有铁还原能力的一种多肽化合物Gly‑Leu‑Hyp‑Gly‑Pro‑Hyp‑Gly‑Hyp‑Gln‑Gly‑Glu‑Ser‑Arg,它的氨基酸序列为Gly‑Leu‑Hyp‑Gly‑Pro‑Hyp‑Gly‑Hyp‑Gln‑Gly‑Glu‑Ser‑Arg。多肽Gly‑Leu‑Hyp‑Gly‑Pro‑Hyp‑Gly‑Hyp‑Gln‑Gly‑Glu‑Ser‑Arg具有抗氧化活性,其不仅本身具有活性功能,而且可以作为食品、化妆品、保健品和动物食品等的添加剂,应用范围广泛。

Description

一种源于鹿茸的抗氧化多肽及应用和添加剂
技术领域
本发明涉及多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg以及作为抗氧化组分在食品、保健品、化妆品和动物食品等的添加剂中的应用。
背景技术
抗氧化剂广泛应用在食品领域和日化用品等领域。抗氧化剂一方面可以防止以上产品因为氧化变色或变质;另一方面某些氧化剂甚至在相关的产品中扮演活性功能作用,如在体内发挥抗氧化、清除自由基等功效。目前在食品工业中广泛采用丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)等化学合成的抗氧化剂,但这些合成的抗氧化剂由于对人体健康的潜在危险,其应用日益受到限制。近年来,人们积极寻找天然的、安全的抗氧化剂,在许多天然动植物材料中发现各种不同的抗氧化化合物的存在,如维生素E、茶多酚、食源性抗氧化肽等。特别是抗氧化肽,由于具有安全性高、抗氧化性强和易被吸收等特点正在逐渐受到人们的关注。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg在抗氧化组分中的应用和快速筛选方法;多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg具有抗氧化活性,可作为食品、保健品、化妆品和动物食品等的添加剂,具有良好的应用前景。
为实现上述目的,本发明以所述多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg为抗氧化的有效成份。
其具有序列表SEQ ID NO:1中氨基酸序列;多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg为抗氧化成份,可作为食品、保健品、化妆品和动物食品等的添加剂。
具有抗氧化活性的多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg来源于梅花鹿。由于鹿的蛋白库不够完善,总蛋白数量较少,而牛和鹿的基因同源性超过90%(Sui Z G,Yuan H M,Liang Z,et al.Talanta,2013,107,189-194.),因此本实验选择牛科(bovine)作为蛋白数据库。多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg来源于牛科(bovine)蛋白库的Collagen type XII alpha 1chain蛋白,含13个氨基酸残基,氨基酸序列为Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg,为单链线性结构,白色粉末状,易溶于水,分子量为1296Da;具有较好的铁还原能力活性,每100μM相当于9.20±0.54μM抗坏血酸的铁还原能力(n=3,Mean±SD)。
多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg具备抗氧化肽所要求的特征:含有苯环、吡咯烷环、咪唑环的氨基酸残基,可作为自由基所需的氢供体;含有疏水性氨基酸残基,尤其是N末端应为疏水性氨基酸;C末端第二位氨基酸残基容易形成氢键。多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg的C端第二位氨基酸残基为丝氨酸,其羟基容易与水分子形成氢键;含有4个吡咯环,可作为自由基所需的氢供体,因此Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg符合抗氧化构效关系,具有抗氧化功能。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
本发明首次从鹿茸中获得并确定了活性化合物的结构,化合物具有较好的抗氧化活性,因此作为具有良好的潜力和应用前景。
具体实施方式
实施例1多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg的制备
采用LC-MS/MS与Shotgun蛋白质组学技术相结合的方法。以梅花鹿茸为原料,经酶解蛋白,离心,纯化及LC-MS/MS分析,结合构效关系特征,筛选具有抗氧化作用的肽段。
其具体方法如下:
将新鲜梅花鹿茸冷冻干燥后粉碎,加入去离子水使鹿茸浓度为33.3g/L,搅拌均匀后加入鹿茸质量0.5%(W/W)的胰蛋白酶,在40℃下酶解3小时;酶解结束将酶解液过80目筛,残渣同法提取一次。将两次酶解液升温至90℃保温15分钟,分别经8层纱布和200目筛过滤,所得滤液以10000g的速度离心10分钟,收集上清液;上清液经Nanodrop Onec在205nm下测定肽浓度,加水稀释至肽浓度20mg/mL待用;将溶胀后的Sephadex G-25medium填料填装成直径2cm、柱高30cm的凝胶柱。将酶解液加载于凝胶柱上,以去离子水为洗脱液、流速3.5mL/min进行洗脱,以床体积的1/20为一个流份,洗脱2个床体积,收集全部40个流份并经Nanodrop Onec在205nm下测定肽浓度。根据肽浓度合并第16至第25个流份,冷冻干燥,得到鹿茸提取物。
将鹿茸提取物用LTQ Orbitrap Velos进行质谱分析:将鹿茸提取物用0.1%(V/V)甲酸水溶液复溶成0.4mg/mL的溶液,进行LC-MS/MS分析。将毛细管的一端拉成内径约为5μm的尖端,通过气压将C18AQ填料压入柱内,填充柱长度约15cm。将毛细管的尖端与质谱相连。所用的流动相A为0.1%(V/V)甲酸水溶液,流动相B为0.1%甲酸的乙腈溶液,线性梯度洗脱过程为:0%B(0min)—2%B(2min)—25%B(87min)—35%B(97min)—90%B(99min)—90%B(109min)—2%B(110min)—2%B(120min)。流速60μL/min。
设置离子传输毛细管的温度200℃,电喷雾电压1.8KV,归一化碰撞能量35.0%。均使用数据依赖模式(data-dependent mode)对MS和MS/MS进行图谱采集。质谱扫描条件设定为:从每次m/z=400~2000的全扫描中选择10个最高丰度离子峰进行MS/MS扫描,其中动态排除(dynamic exclusion)设置为:重复次数(repeat count)为2,重复容忍时间(repeatduration)30s,动态排除时间(exclusion duration)90s。利用Xcalibur软件(Version2.2,Thermo)进行系统控制和数据收集。
将采集的*.raw文件数据用Thermo Proteome Discoverer Daemon(v1.4)转换成*.mgf格式,再用Mascot(version 2.3.0,Matrix Science,London,UK)于牛科数据库(bovine,蛋白数目17890,下载自http://www.uniprot.org/),进行检索,检索参数如下:不设置酶切位点、最大漏切数和固定修饰;蛋氨酸残基、脯氨酸残基加15.9949Da的可变修饰;母离子的质量容忍度(peptide tolerance)为20ppm,碎片离子的质量容忍度(fragmentions tolerance)为0.8Da。导出肽段结果时设置score>25,调整显著性差异P使肽段假阳性率(FDR,false discovery rate)控制在1%内。鉴定结果见附表一。结合构效关系进行筛选,获得序列为Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg的多肽。
实施例2多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg的铁还原能力活性检测
原理
Fe3+-三吡啶-三吖嗪(TPTZ)可被抗氧化成分还原为Fe2+而显蓝色,并于593nm处有最大吸光值,依吸光值的大小计算样品抗氧化活性。
实验方法
实验所用多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg由南京杰肽生物科技有限公司合成,纯度>95%。TPTZ工作液由25mL 0.3M pH=3.6醋酸盐缓冲液、2.5mL 10mM的TPTZ溶液(含40mM盐酸)、2.5mL 20mM FeCl3溶液组成。取1.8mL新制TPTZ工作液与0.2mL Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg溶液混合,于37℃反应10min后,用分光光度计于593nm测定吸光度。另配置27μg/mL的Vc溶液,移取3,6,9,12、15和20μL与1.8mL TPTZ工作液混合,补加蒸馏水至2.0mL后同样于37℃反应10min,用分光光度计于593nm测定吸光度,以横坐标为Vc浓度、纵坐标为吸光度计算Vc回归曲线,回归方程为y=0.0149x+0.0912,R2=0.9988。根据Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg吸光度值和回归方程计算:某浓度的Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg溶液的铁还原能力相当于Vc溶液的物质的量(μM)。
分别配制50、100、250、500μM浓度的Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg溶液,按上述方法对多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg进行铁还原能力活性检测。结果见表一:
表一 不同浓度Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg的铁还原能力
Figure BDA0001746069140000031
多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg具有抗氧化活性,可作为食品、保健品、化妆品、动物饲料等的添加剂,用途广泛。
附表:鹿茸提取物经LC-MS/MS鉴定的肽段
Figure BDA0001746069140000032
Figure BDA0001746069140000041
Figure BDA0001746069140000051
Figure BDA0001746069140000061
Figure BDA0001746069140000071
Figure BDA0001746069140000081
Figure BDA0001746069140000091
Figure BDA0001746069140000101
Figure BDA0001746069140000111
Figure BDA0001746069140000121
Figure BDA0001746069140000131
Figure BDA0001746069140000141
Figure BDA0001746069140000151
Figure BDA0001746069140000161
Figure BDA0001746069140000171
Figure BDA0001746069140000181
Figure BDA0001746069140000191
Figure BDA0001746069140000201
Figure BDA0001746069140000211
Figure BDA0001746069140000221
Figure BDA0001746069140000231
Figure BDA0001746069140000241
Figure BDA0001746069140000251
Figure BDA0001746069140000261
Figure BDA0001746069140000271
Figure BDA0001746069140000281
以TGTPGLPGPPGPMGPPGDR为例:肽段的修饰种类为Oxidation(M);3Pro(O)(P),表明该肽段有1处甲硫氨酸氧化修饰和3处脯氨酸羟基修饰。肽段的修饰位置为0.0002002000001002000.0,表示该肽段的3处脯氨酸羟基修饰位于第4、7、16位残基,甲硫氨酸氧化修饰位于第13位残基。
附表一的序列所涉及的氨基酸均为氨基酸的简写,各氨基酸缩写、简写及名称见附表二。
附表二 氨基酸名称、缩写与简写
Figure BDA0001746069140000282
Figure BDA0001746069140000291

Claims (5)

1.一种源于鹿茸的抗氧化多肽,其特征在于:所述多肽的氨基酸序列为Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg。
2.一种权利要求1所述源于鹿茸的抗氧化多肽在制备食品、化妆品、保健品或饲料的具有抗氧化功能添加剂中的应用。
3.按照权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:所述添加剂是以权利要求1所述多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg为活性成份。
4.一种添加剂,其具有抗氧化功能,其用于食品、化妆品、保健品或饲料,其特征在于:所述添加剂是以权利要求1所述多肽Gly-Leu-Hyp-Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Hyp-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Arg为活性成份。
5.根据权利要求4所述添加剂,其特征在于:所述添加剂中还含有载体和/或助剂。
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