CN117815842B - System and method based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a system and a method for direct air carbon capture based on compressed air energy storage coupling, wherein the system comprises the following components: a carbon capture assembly comprising a housing and a wet regenerated sorbent material filled within the housing; a rotation rotating shaft extending along the axis direction of the shell is arranged in the shell; the shell is communicated with compressed air in the air compression energy release assembly and is used for capturing carbon dioxide in the compressed air through wet regeneration adsorption materials; the shell is provided with a liquid inlet for leading in desorption liquid to sink into the wet regenerated adsorption material and eluting carbon dioxide adsorbed by the wet regenerated adsorption material into the desorption liquid; and after the desorption liquid in the shell is output, the shell is utilized to rotate to remove the desorption liquid, and then carbon dioxide adsorption and trapping are carried out next time. According to the application, after desorption liquid is utilized to analyze and regenerate the wet regenerated adsorption material, the desorption liquid in the wet regenerated adsorption material is removed by rotating the shell, so that the humidity of the wet regenerated adsorption material is reduced, and the carbon capturing efficiency and the carbon capturing amount are improved.

Description

System and method based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of carbon recovery technology, and in particular to a system and method based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture.

Background technique

At present, the main carbon capture technologies are divided into pre-combustion capture, oxygen-enriched combustion capture and post-combustion capture. Pre-combustion capture is to convert the carbon-containing components in the fuel into water gas, and then separate the carbon dioxide from it. This method is mostly used in integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plants; oxygen-enriched combustion capture is to separate pure oxygen from the air and pass it into the combustion system, assisted by flue gas circulation. The carbon dioxide captured by this technology is of high purity, but the total investment of the system is relatively high; post-combustion capture is to separate carbon dioxide from flue gas, and this technology has high energy consumption. In addition, the above carbon dioxide capture methods are all centralized capture technologies for industrial concentrated source carbon dioxide emissions, but in fact, about 30-50% of the world's carbon dioxide comes from distributed emission sources such as transportation, residential building heat, and small factories each year. Direct air capture (DAC) carbon dioxide technology is an important CCUS technology that can remove carbon dioxide from ambient air. The DAC process generally consists of three parts: air capture module, absorbent or adsorbent regeneration module, and carbon dioxide storage module. In the air capture module, carbon dioxide in the air is mostly captured first through induced draft fans and other equipment, and then absorbed by solid adsorbent materials or liquid absorption materials; the absorbent or adsorbent regeneration module mainly regenerates the material through high-temperature desorption and other methods; the carbon dioxide storage module mainly uses a compressor to send the collected carbon dioxide into a storage tank for storage.

Existing carbon dioxide capture and separation methods include solution absorption, solid adsorption, membrane separation, etc. Among them, the absorption method is the most widely used, but the energy consumption of the absorption medium regeneration is relatively high. The adsorption method has attracted people's attention due to its better environmental protection and economy. Traditional carbon dioxide adsorption devices mostly adopt fixed bed, rotating ring or fluidized bed forms, and the capture objects are mostly fossil fuel combustion gases with a carbon dioxide concentration of 10%-30%. The cyclic operation methods of the capture device include pressure swing adsorption, temperature swing adsorption, humidity swing adsorption, etc. The related technology adopts a thin layer moving bed and a spherical solid amine adsorbent, wherein the spherical solid amine adsorbent needs to be transferred up and down therein, resulting in greater wear on the system, and the related technology also discloses that the rotor formed using 3D printing technology is an integral structure, which has good performance but extremely high cost; in addition, some schemes require a temperature control device to heat the adsorption and desorption bed layer to desorb carbon dioxide, which consumes a lot of heating energy and has low desorption efficiency. In addition, the temperature of the heated air is high, which affects the growth of crops in the greenhouse; and this adopts a wet regeneration adsorption material, but when the adsorption material of the fixed bed capture device reabsorbs carbon, the adsorption material with higher humidity has low capture efficiency of carbon dioxide and there is greater resistance when carbon dioxide gas passes through the adsorption material, further reducing the carbon capture efficiency. Therefore, how to provide a high-efficiency, economically operable direct air carbon capture system that can achieve continuous capture of carbon dioxide is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field.

Summary of the invention

The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

To this end, the purpose of this application is to propose a system and method based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture, wherein after the wet regeneration adsorption material is analyzed and regenerated by the desorption liquid, the desorption liquid in the wet regeneration adsorption material is rotated and removed by the self-rotating shaft to reduce the humidity of the wet regeneration adsorption material, thereby improving the carbon capture efficiency and carbon capture amount during the wet regeneration adsorption material cycle. At the same time, compressed air is used to increase the carbon dioxide concentration in the compressed air flow passing into the carbon capture component per unit flow, thereby improving the efficiency and total carbon capture of direct air carbon capture, and continuously adsorbing the compressed air to achieve continuous capture of carbon dioxide in the compressed air.

According to a first aspect of the present application, a system based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture is proposed, comprising:

A carbon capture assembly comprises a shell and a wet regeneration adsorption material filled in the shell; a self-rotating shaft extending along its axial direction is arranged in the shell, and the shell is driven to rotate when the self-rotating shaft rotates;

The shell is connected to the compressed air in the air compression energy release component to capture the carbon dioxide in the compressed air through the wet regeneration adsorption material; a liquid inlet is provided on the shell to allow desorption liquid to be introduced into the wet regeneration adsorption material and to elute the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the wet regeneration adsorption material into the desorption liquid; after the desorption liquid in the shell is output, the shell is rotated to remove the desorption liquid before the next carbon dioxide adsorption capture is carried out.

In some embodiments, the air compression energy release component includes an air compression component, which is connected to an air chamber storing compressed air to input compressed air into the air chamber; the output end of the air chamber is connected to the shell.

In some embodiments, the air compression energy release component includes an air expansion component, the inlet of the air expansion component is connected to the outlet of the air chamber for expanding the compressed air to perform work; the gas outlet of the air expansion component is connected to the shell.

In some embodiments, the air expansion assembly includes a multi-stage series-connected air expander; the air expander is coaxially connected to the self-rotating shaft, and drives the self-rotating shaft to rotate when the air expander is in operation.

In some embodiments, the self-rotating shaft is a hollow structure, which is connected to the outlet of the air chamber; the self-rotating shaft is connected to a plurality of gas injectors.

In some embodiments, the carbon capture assembly further includes a liquid storage component and a photo-energy biological cultivation unit; the liquid storage component stores a desorption liquid, and its liquid outlet is connected to a liquid inlet on the shell; the liquid outlet of the shell is connected to the photo-energy biological cultivation unit, and the desorption liquid is discharged into the photo-energy biological cultivation unit after eluting, analyzing and regenerating the wet-regeneration adsorption material.

In some embodiments, the carbon capture assembly further includes a collector for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell. When the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell is higher than a preset value, the liquid storage component introduces a desorption liquid into the shell.

In some embodiments, a heat exchanger unit is also included; it is connected to the air compression energy release component for heat exchange, and is used to store heat in the air compression energy release component or release heat to the air compression energy release component under different working conditions.

In some embodiments, the carbon capture assembly is connected to the heat exchanger unit for heat exchange with the desorption liquid output from the shell; and/or the heat exchanger unit is connected to the liquid storage member.

According to a second aspect of the present application, a method for direct air carbon capture is provided. The method uses the system described in any one of the above embodiments to perform direct air carbon capture, and includes the following process:

During the period of low electricity consumption, the air compression energy release component stores the generated compressed air in the air chamber; the compressed air in the air chamber is pressure- and temperature-regulated and then introduced into the shell; the rotation of the self-rotating shaft drives the shell to rotate and adsorb carbon dioxide in the compressed air; when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell is higher than a preset value, desorption liquid is introduced into the shell, so that the wet regeneration adsorption material is immersed in the desorption liquid for a set time, and then the desorption liquid in the shell is discharged and the self-rotating shaft is used to rotate to remove the desorption liquid in the shell; compressed air is introduced into the shell again for direct air carbon capture, and the cycle is repeated.

In some embodiments, during peak hours of electricity consumption, the compressed air in the air chamber expands to do work, and the output high-temperature gas is passed into the shell to accelerate the drying of the wet regeneration adsorption material when the wet regeneration adsorption material is removed.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG1 is a structural block diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled air carbon capture system proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon capture assembly proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a structural block diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled air carbon capture system proposed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a structural block diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled air carbon capture system proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a structural block diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled air carbon capture system proposed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a structural block diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled air carbon capture system proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon capture assembly proposed in another embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a structural block diagram of a compressed air energy storage coupled air carbon capture system proposed in one embodiment of the present application;

In the figure, 1. carbon capture component; 11. shell; 15. rotating shaft; 17. motor; 18. liquid inlet; 19. liquid outlet; 20. gas injector; 2. air chamber; 3. air compression component; 4. liquid storage component; 5. photobiological cultivation unit; 6. air expansion component; 7. collector; 8. heat exchanger unit.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present application include all changes, modifications and equivalents that fall within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.

As shown in Figure 1, according to the first aspect of the present application, a system based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture is proposed, including: a carbon capture component 1 and an air compression energy release component; wherein the carbon capture component 1 includes a shell 11 and a wet regeneration adsorption material arranged in the shell 11; a self-rotating shaft 15 extending along its axial direction is arranged in the shell 11; when the self-rotating shaft 15 rotates, it drives the shell 11 to rotate.

In other words; the carbon capture assembly 1 includes a shell 11; it can be seen that the shell 11 is a hollow structure formed by a profile with certain corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. In addition, in this embodiment, a self-rotating shaft 15 extending along the axial direction of the shell 11 is provided in the shell 11, which can be rotated along the axis of the shell 11 by self-drive, wherein the self-rotating shaft 15 is connected to the shell 11, and when the self-rotating shaft 15 rotates, the shell 11 can be driven to rotate; it is used to uniformly adsorb carbon dioxide gas in the mixed gas.

As shown in the example of Figure 2, one end of the self-rotating shaft 15 extends into the shell 11 and is connected to the shell 11; the self-rotating shaft 15 is driven by a motor 17 arranged on the self-rotating shaft 15, wherein the motor 17 is located outside the shell 11, and is located on the self-rotating shaft 15 inside the shell 11. When the airflow passes through the shell 11, the shell 11 can be rotated so that the wet regeneration adsorption material of the shell 11 is in uniform contact with the airflow, so as to facilitate the wet regeneration adsorption material to absorb carbon dioxide in the airflow.

The shell is connected to the compressed air in the air compression energy release component to capture the carbon dioxide in the compressed air through the wet regeneration adsorption material; a liquid inlet is provided on the shell to allow the desorption liquid to be immersed in the wet regeneration adsorption material and to elute the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the wet regeneration adsorption material into the desorption liquid; after the desorption liquid in the shell is output, the shell is rotated to remove the desorption liquid before the next carbon dioxide adsorption capture is carried out.

The shell 11 has an air inlet, and the compressed air in the air compression energy release component is connected to the shell 11. The compressed air is introduced into the shell 11 at a suitable temperature and air pressure, and the carbon dioxide therein is captured by the wet regeneration adsorption material therein.

In addition, the shell 11 is provided with a liquid inlet 18 and a liquid outlet 19. When the wet regeneration adsorption material in this embodiment is saturated with adsorption, a desorption liquid can be input from the liquid inlet 18, and the wet regeneration adsorption material is completely immersed in the desorption liquid, and the carbon dioxide is eluted by the desorption liquid. For example, the desorption liquid can be an amino acid potassium salt or an alkali metal salt solution absorbent, for example, the amino acid salt is a mixture of one or more of proline potassium, lysine potassium, glycine potassium, alanine potassium, valine potassium, leucine potassium, isoleucine potassium, and methionine potassium; the alkali metal salt is a mixture of one or two of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. Carbon dioxide reacts with the desorption liquid and dissolves in the desorption liquid. After the wet regeneration adsorption material is analyzed and regenerated, the desorption liquid is discharged and stored for use after adjustment. After the desorption liquid is emptied, the shell 11 can be rotated by rotating the self-rotating shaft 15, so that the desorption liquid in the wet regeneration adsorption material is centrifugally removed from the shell 11, greatly reducing the humidity in the wet regeneration adsorption material. Compared with the related art, after the wet-regenerated adsorbent material is analyzed and regenerated by using a desorption liquid, when an airflow is directly introduced for carbon capture again, the adsorbent material with higher humidity has low efficiency in capturing carbon dioxide and there is greater resistance when carbon dioxide gas passes through the adsorbent material, thereby reducing the carbon capture efficiency. The present application can reduce the humidity of the wet-regenerated adsorbent material before the wet-regenerated adsorbent material is used for carbon capture again, thereby improving the carbon capture efficiency and carbon capture amount.

At the same time, the carbon capture assembly 1 is coupled with the air compression energy release assembly in the present application. During the valley period, the air compression energy release assembly is used to compress the air. The high-pressure compressed air generated increases the carbon dioxide concentration in the compressed air flow entering the carbon capture assembly 1 per unit flow, and increases the efficiency and total carbon capture of direct air carbon capture. The combination of the two has the characteristics of reasonable scheme, green energy saving, and high economic operation. In some embodiments, the carbon capture assembly 1 can be set to multiple, and multiple carbon capture assemblies 1 are connected in parallel. For example, as shown in FIG3, the carbon capture assembly 1 is arranged with three, and the three carbon capture assemblies 1 are coaxially driven; in this example, the first carbon capture assembly 1 can be first subjected to carbon dioxide adsorption, and after completion, the second carbon capture assembly 1 is controlled to adsorb carbon dioxide; at the same time, the first carbon capture assembly 1 is controlled to perform wet regeneration adsorption material analysis regeneration; after the second carbon capture assembly 1 is subjected to carbon dioxide adsorption, the third carbon capture assembly 1 is controlled to adsorb carbon dioxide; at the same time, the second carbon capture assembly 1 is controlled to perform wet regeneration adsorption material analysis regeneration; in this way, the three carbon capture assemblies 1 work in a reciprocating manner, and the compressed air is continuously adsorbed to achieve continuous capture of carbon dioxide in the compressed air.

In some embodiments, the air compression energy release assembly includes an air compression assembly 3 , which is connected to an input end of an air chamber 2 for storing compressed air; and an output end of the air chamber 2 is connected to a housing 11 .

The air compression energy release component includes an air compression component 3 and an air chamber 2; air is introduced into the input end of the air compression component 3, and high-pressure compressed air is output after compression, and the output end of the air compression component 3 is connected to the input end of the air chamber 2; the compressed air is stored in the air chamber 2. For example, the air compression component 3 includes a multi-stage series air compressor; the air compressor inputs air at the inlet, and the incoming air is compressed to form compressed air. This is a conventional technology in the field and will not be described in detail. In this embodiment, the compressed air stored in the air chamber 2 can be introduced into the carbon capture component 1 for carbon capture of carbon dioxide after temperature and pressure adjustment.

In addition, in some embodiments, the system based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture also includes a heat exchanger unit 8 as shown in FIG5, wherein the heat exchanger unit 8 is connected to the air compression component 3 for heat exchange. For example, the heat exchanger unit 8 includes a heat exchanger and a heat storage component; wherein the heat storage component stores a cooling medium, and the cooling medium is used to exchange heat with the compressed air to recover the heat in the compressed air. When the specific air heat exchanger unit 8 includes a multi-stage air heat exchanger, the number of air compressors and air heat exchangers is the same, and the two are paired and used one-to-one. Air compression heat will be generated during the air compression process. A first-stage air compressor corresponds to a first-stage air heat exchanger, and the air heat exchanger is used in time to recover the heat in the compressed air.

In some embodiments, the air compression energy release assembly includes an air expansion assembly 6 , the inlet of the air expansion assembly 6 is connected to the outlet of the air chamber 2 for expanding the compressed air to perform work; the gas outlet of the air expansion assembly 6 is connected to the shell 11 .

Among them, the air compression energy release component includes an air expansion component 6 as shown in Figure 4, wherein the air expansion component 6 includes a multi-stage series air expander, the inlet of the air expander is connected to the air chamber 2, the air chamber 2 outputs the compressed air to expand and do work, and the gas after the work can be passed into the shell 11. For example, during the low electricity consumption period; the compressed air generated by the air compression component 3 is stored in the air chamber 2; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 is passed into the shell 11 after adjusting the pressure and temperature; the self-rotating shaft 15 rotates to drive the shell 11 to rotate and adsorb carbon dioxide in the compressed air; when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell 11 is higher than the preset value, the desorption liquid is passed into the shell 11 so that the wet regeneration adsorption material is eluted and analyzed for regeneration, and the desorption liquid is discharged from the shell 11; the self-rotating shaft 15 rotates to remove the desorption liquid in the adsorption net disk 16. During the peak electricity consumption period; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 enters the air expansion component 6 to do work, and the gas after the work is passed into the shell 11 for carbon capture, wherein the carbon capture process is the same as the above and will not be repeated.

In addition, in some embodiments, the heat exchanger unit 8 is connected to the air expansion component 6 for heat exchange as shown in Figure 5; the heat exchanger unit 8 includes a multi-stage air reheater, wherein the number of air expanders and air reheaters is the same, and the two are paired and used one-to-one, and are used to heat the compressed air output from the air chamber 2 and then enter the air expander to generate power.

In some embodiments, the air expander is coaxially connected to the self-rotating shaft 15, and drives the self-rotating shaft 15 to rotate when the air expander is running. Specifically, the air expander can be coaxially connected to the self-rotating shaft 15; when the air expander is running, the motor 17 driving the self-rotating shaft 15 can be turned off, and the air expander can be used to drive the self-rotating shaft 15 to rotate.

In some embodiments, the self-rotating shaft 15 is a hollow structure, which is connected to the outlet of the air chamber 2; the self-rotating shaft 15 is connected to a plurality of gas injectors 20 arranged at intervals.

Among them, in the above embodiments, the compressed air all enters the shell 11, and then contacts the wet regeneration adsorption material. Although the self-rotating shaft 15 can rotate in this process, driving the shell 11 to increase the contact area with the airflow, achieving a better carbon capture effect; but the carbon capture speed is slow and the time is long; therefore, in this embodiment, the self-rotating shaft 15 is set as a hollow structure as shown in Figure 7, wherein the compressed air output by the air chamber 2 is introduced, and the compressed air is ejected by the gas injector 20, so that the wet regeneration adsorption material is saturated faster, the carbon capture is completed and the capture efficiency is increased. For example, the self-rotating shaft 15 is a hollow tube structure, which extends into the shell 11, and the self-rotating shaft 15 is connected to the gas injector 20. After the compressed air is introduced into the self-rotating shaft 15, the compressed air is evenly dispersed to the surrounding side through the gas injector 20, and the carbon dioxide therein is captured by the wet regeneration adsorption material.

Specifically, the system based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture in this embodiment is shown in FIG6 , and the method for air carbon capture is as follows: during the off-peak period of electricity consumption; the compressed air generated by the air compression component 3 is stored in the air chamber 2; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 is pressure-regulated and temperature-regulated and then introduced into the shell 11 and the self-rotating shaft 15; and the carbon dioxide in the compressed air is captured and the wet regeneration adsorption material is analyzed and regenerated. During the peak period of electricity consumption; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 enters the air expansion component 6 to do work, and the gas after the work is introduced into the shell 11; at the same time, the compressed air in the air chamber 2 is pressure-regulated and temperature-regulated and then introduced into the self-rotating shaft 15 for carbon capture, wherein the carbon capture process is the same as the above and will not be repeated. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the wet regeneration adsorption material for analysis and regeneration is operated by the air expansion component 6 and drives the self-rotating shaft 15 to rotate before recycling, which is used to remove the desorption liquid in the shell 11; at the same time, the gas after the work is introduced into the shell 11, which is used to quickly dry the wet regeneration adsorption material.

In some embodiments, the carbon capture assembly 1 further includes a liquid storage component 4 and a photo-energy biological cultivation unit 5; the liquid storage component 4 stores desorption liquid, and its liquid outlet 19 is connected to the liquid inlet 18 on the shell 11; the liquid outlet 19 of the shell 11 is connected to the photo-energy biological cultivation unit 5, and the desorption liquid is discharged into the photo-energy biological cultivation unit 5 after eluting and analyzing the wet-regeneration adsorption material for regeneration.

The carbon capture assembly 1 further includes a liquid storage part 4 and a light-energy biological cultivation unit 5 as shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 6, wherein the liquid storage part 4 stores a desorption liquid, and its liquid outlet 19 is connected to the liquid inlet 18 on the shell 11; the liquid inlet 18 on the shell 11 is connected to the light-energy biological cultivation unit 5; wherein the light-energy organism is a photosynthetic organism cultivated using elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, such as algae. The desorption liquid can be an amino acid potassium salt or an alkali metal salt solution absorbent, which can react with carbon dioxide to generate bicarbonate ions. According to different light-energy microorganisms, the ion concentration, pH value, etc. of the desorption liquid discharged from the shell 11 can be adjusted, and it can be directly used for the cultivation of light-energy organisms.

In some embodiments, the heat exchanger unit 8 is connected to the carbon capture assembly 1 for heat exchange. For example, the heat exchanger unit 8 shown in Figure 8 includes a heat exchanger that can exchange heat with the desorption liquid output by the shell 11 to heat the desorption liquid; or the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger is the same as the desorption liquid; the heat exchanger unit 8 is connected to the liquid storage component 4 to replenish the desorption liquid into the liquid storage component 4 to improve the desorption capacity of the desorption liquid.

In some embodiments, the carbon capture assembly 1 further includes a collector 7 for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell 11 , and when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell 11 is higher than a preset value, a desorption liquid is introduced into the shell 11 .

The carbon capture assembly 1 also includes a collector 7 as shown in FIG. 8 , wherein the collector 7 is a carbon dioxide concentration detector, which can collect the concentration of carbon dioxide at the liquid outlet 19 of the shell 11 and set a preset value according to the adsorption performance of different wet regeneration adsorption materials. When the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell 11 is higher than the preset value, it indicates that the wet regeneration adsorption material is close to saturation, and a desorption liquid can be introduced into the shell 11.

According to a second aspect of the present application, a method for direct air carbon capture is also proposed. The method uses the system of any one of the above embodiments to perform direct air carbon capture, and includes the following process:

During the period of low electricity consumption, the air compression energy release component stores the generated compressed air in the air chamber 2; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 is pressure- and temperature-regulated and then introduced into the shell; the rotation of the self-rotating shaft 15 drives the shell to rotate and adsorb carbon dioxide in the compressed air; when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell is higher than the preset value, desorption liquid is introduced into the shell, so that the wet regeneration adsorption material is immersed in the desorption liquid for a set time, and then the desorption liquid in the shell is discharged and the self-rotating shaft 15 is used to rotate and remove the desorption liquid in the shell; compressed air is introduced into the shell again for direct air carbon capture, and the cycle is repeated.

Among them, taking the system based on compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture in Figure 8 as an example, its direct air carbon capture method is: during the low electricity consumption period; the compressed air generated by the air compression component 3 is stored in the air chamber 2 after heat exchange with the heat exchanger unit 8; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 is pressure- and temperature-regulated and then passed into the shell 11 and the self-rotating shaft 15; the rotation of the self-rotating shaft 15 drives the shell 11 to rotate and adsorb carbon dioxide in the compressed air; when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell 11 is higher than the preset value, desorption liquid is introduced into the shell 11 to make the wet regeneration adsorption material elute and analyze and regenerate, and then the desorption liquid is discharged from the shell 11; the self-rotating shaft 15 is self-driven to rotate to remove the desorption liquid in the shell 11. During the peak period of electricity consumption, the compressed air in the air chamber 2 enters the air expansion component 6 to do work, and at the same time, the air expander is used to drive the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, and the gas after doing work is passed into the shell 11; the compressed air in the air chamber 2 is adjusted in pressure and temperature and then passed into the rotating shaft 15, and the gas is ejected by the gas injector 20 to capture carbon dioxide in the airflow, wherein the carbon capture process is the same as mentioned above and will not be repeated.

In this embodiment, before the wet regeneration adsorption material is recycled, the air expansion component 6 is operated to drive the rotating shaft 15 to rotate, so as to remove the desorption liquid in the shell 11; at the same time, the gas after work is introduced into the shell 11 to quickly dry the wet regeneration adsorption material.

It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for direct air carbon capture by coupling compressed air energy storage with direct air carbon capture, characterized in that the method uses a system of compressed air energy storage coupled with direct air carbon capture to perform direct air carbon capture, and the system comprises: A carbon capture assembly comprises a shell and a wet regeneration adsorption material filled in the shell; a self-rotating shaft extending along its axial direction is arranged in the shell, and the shell is driven to rotate when the self-rotating shaft rotates; The shell is connected to the compressed air in the air compression energy release component to capture the carbon dioxide in the compressed air through the wet regeneration adsorption material; the shell is provided with a liquid inlet to allow the desorption liquid to enter the wet regeneration adsorption material and elute the carbon dioxide adsorbed by the wet regeneration adsorption material into the desorption liquid; the method of direct air carbon capture includes the following process: During the period of low electricity consumption, the air compression energy release component stores the generated compressed air in the air chamber; the compressed air in the air chamber is pressure- and temperature-regulated and then introduced into the shell; the rotation of the self-rotating shaft drives the shell to rotate and adsorb carbon dioxide in the compressed air; when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell is higher than a preset value, desorption liquid is introduced into the shell, so that the wet regeneration adsorption material is immersed in the desorption liquid for a set time, and then the desorption liquid in the shell is discharged and the self-rotating shaft is used to rotate to remove the desorption liquid in the shell; compressed air is introduced into the shell again for direct air carbon capture, and the cycle is repeated. 2. The method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the air compression energy release component includes an air compression component, which is connected to an air chamber storing compressed air for inputting compressed air into the air chamber; the output end of the air chamber is connected to the shell. 3. The method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the air compression energy release component includes an air expansion component, the inlet of the air expansion component is connected to the outlet of the air chamber for expanding the compressed air to do work; and the gas outlet of the air expansion component is connected to the shell. 4. The method according to claim 3 is characterized in that the air expansion component includes a multi-stage air expander connected in series; the air expander is coaxially connected to the self-rotating shaft, and drives the self-rotating shaft to rotate when the air expander is running. 5. The method according to any one of claims 2-4 is characterized in that the self-rotating shaft is a hollow structure, which is connected to the outlet of the air chamber; the self-rotating shaft is connected to a plurality of gas injectors. 6. The method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the carbon capture component also includes a liquid storage component and a photo-energy biological cultivation unit; the liquid storage component stores desorption liquid, and its liquid outlet is connected to the liquid inlet on the shell; the liquid outlet of the shell is connected to the photo-energy biological cultivation unit, and the desorption liquid is discharged into the photo-energy biological cultivation unit after eluting, analyzing and regenerating the wet-regeneration adsorption material. 7. The method according to claim 6 is characterized in that the carbon capture assembly further comprises a collector for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell, and when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shell is higher than a preset value, the liquid storage component passes a desorption liquid into the shell. 8. The method according to claim 6 is characterized in that it also includes a heat exchanger unit; the heat exchanger is connected to the air compression energy release component for heat exchange, and is used to store heat in the air compression energy release component or release heat to the air compression energy release component under different working conditions. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the carbon capture assembly is connected to the heat exchanger unit for heat exchange with the desorption liquid output from the shell, and/or the heat exchanger unit is connected to the liquid storage member. 10. The method according to claim 1 is characterized in that during the peak period of electricity consumption, the compressed air in the air chamber expands to do work, and the output high-temperature gas is passed into the shell to accelerate the drying of the wet regeneration adsorption material when the wet regeneration adsorption material is removed.