CN103500837A - 电池板栅 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种包括框架的电池板栅,该框架包括顶部元件、底部元件、第一侧部元件和第二侧部元件。电池板栅还包括设在框架内、限定出多个开口区域的多条线以及在第一方向从顶部元件延伸出的集流接线片。电池板栅进一步包括设在电池板栅上、用以减少电池板栅在使用寿命中由于其腐蚀导致的在第一方向上的增长量的至少一个特征。
Description
本申请是申请日为2006年05月22日、申请号为200680017715.1且发明名称为“电池板栅”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2005年5月23日申请的美国临时专利申请No.60/683,608的优先权,这里将其公开的全部内容以引入方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及电池中使用(诸如用于汽车启动、照明和点火应用的电池之类的铅酸电池;船用电池;商业电池;工业电池;用于混合电动车的电池等)的板栅(grid)。更具体地,本发明涉及的板栅具有防止由于板栅增长造成的电池单元短路的结构。
背景技术
铅酸电池通常包括多个储能单元。例如,12伏的电池可包括6个单元,每个单元提供2伏。每个单元包括一个或多个正电极或极板以及一个或多个负电极或极板。电解质(诸如稀硫酸之类的酸)也加入单元中以促进电池充电和放电过程中单元内发生的化学反应。
正电极和负电极均包括由铅或铅合金(例如铅-钙合金)制成的板栅,活性材料以膏状的形式涂覆在其上。这种板栅包括与多个节点相耦合的多条线(例如,电池板栅可包括含有四个边侧的框架,其具有从一个边侧延伸出的接线片或集流体以及与多个节点相互连接的线或板栅元件的网络)。
正和负电极以交替的形式布置在每个单元中,并且相邻的极板被隔板(例如,微孔聚合物隔板)隔开。例如,负电极可被包含在隔板封套内以使它们与相邻的正电极电绝缘。在这种方式中,阻止了会导致单元中短路的正、负电极的直接相互接触。
在延长期使用时,板栅会腐蚀,其将继而导致板栅增长。通过图示,图1说明了一个单元,所述单元的、具有据流体12的第一电极10(例如正电极)与具有集流体22的第二电极(例如,负电极,在图1中被电极10部分遮住)相邻布置。正电极的集流体12通过连接条或连接器14电耦合到电池中的其他正电极,并且负电极的集流体22通过连接条或连接器24电耦合到电池中的其他负电极。接着,电池中的正极连接条连接到下一个单元中的负极连接条。
正电极10的增长由虚线30和32示出。当安装在电池容器内时,板栅的侧部和底部一般被电池容器的壁限定。因此,板栅的增长一般沿着板栅的顶部表面进行。在某些情况下,这种在正极垂直方向的无约束的增长可导致电池的短路。例如,如图1所示,由虚线32示出的正电极板栅的增长导致板栅的一部分与连接到负电极的连接条24相接触。在这种情况下,正电极和负电极被电耦合到一起,这会使电池短路。因此,当相邻的正电极和负电极可被聚合物隔板彼此隔离时,由于板栅的腐蚀会导致垂直方向的增长,短路仍可能会发生。
虽然在电池中使用板栅是公知的,但这种已知的板栅结构没有提供特定的有利特征和/或特征的组合。
发明内容
本发明的实施例涉及包括框架的电池板栅,该框架包括顶部元件、底部元件、第一侧部元件和第二侧部元件。电池板栅还包括设置在框架中的、定义多个开口区域的多条线和在第一方向从顶部元件延伸的集流接线片(current collection lug)。电池板栅进一步包括设置在电池板栅中的至少一个特征,其用来在电池板栅的使用寿命期间减少电池板栅由于其自身腐蚀导致的在第一方向上的增长的量。
附图说明
图1示出了由于腐蚀产生的电池板栅的增长,其会导致电池单元短路;
图2是根据示例性实施例的电池板栅的平面图;
图3是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图4是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图5是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图6是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图7A是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图7B是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图8是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长;
图9是类似图2中所示的电池板栅的一部分的平面图,其包括改进结构,用于抑制由于腐蚀产生的板栅总体增长。
具体实施方式
图2示出了根据示例性实施例的电池板栅100。板栅100可以是正极或负极板栅,并可通过任何已知的方法(例如通过铸造、通过片状材料冲孔后拉伸、通过连续冲压工序等)、采用任何已知的材料(例如铅或诸如铅-钙合金之类的铅合金)制造。可用在本发明中的电池板栅的各种非排他的例子,例如,在如下的美国专利中示出:美国专利号5,582,936、美国专利号5,989,749、美国专利号6,203,948、美国专利号6,245,462以及美国专利号6,274,274,这些专利公开的内容以引用方式并入本文。
参见图2,板栅100包括框架,框架包括顶部框架元件112、第一和第二侧部框架元件114和116、底部框架元件118。板栅100包括一系列的板栅线,其限定出开口区域120,所述开口区域120保持为电池提供电流产生的电化学活性膏体(未示出)。集流体或接线片122集成在顶部框架元件112上,并偏离顶部框架元件112的中心。顶部框架元件112包括在接线片122的正下方的增大导电部分124,而且具有传导电流到接线片122的最佳形状。
一系列辐射状延伸的垂直板栅线元件126形成板栅100的一部分。垂直线元件126连接到顶部框架元件112,以及底部框架元件118、第一侧部框架元件114和第二侧部框架元件116中的至少一个。垂直线元件126当从底部元件118向顶部元件112移动时变得更紧凑,而当向左侧元件114或右侧元件116移动时变得更分离。
板栅100还包括多条水平或交叉的线元件130。垂直线元件126的单个部分和水平线元件130的单个部分的末端在多个节点144处连接,这样限定出支持用于导电的电化学活性膏体的开口区域120。
图3-9示出了对图1所示板栅的多种改进,以延缓、限制或抑制板栅100在电池中的使用寿命期间腐蚀时板栅100的增长。图2所示的圆圈中的数字表示所进行的各种改进在板栅100上对应的位置(例如,图3所示的改进由图2中的圆圈中的数字3表示)。
如图3所示,可以为水平或垂直线元件设置“弱连接”。例如,根据示例性实施例,可通过设置成当门限量的应力施加到线200时会断开的部分或片段210,来将线200的第一部分或片段220连接到线200的第二部分或片段230。当板栅100的增长导致第一部分210相对第二部分230移动时,中间部分210会断开,其可中断板栅在该点处的增长。如图3所示,提供中间部分210以将部分220连接到部分230,以使部分220相对部分230“错开”。根据各个示例性实施例,任何适量的弱连接可设置在板栅中以使由于腐蚀导致的板栅增长产生的应力变向,并且如果需要,它们可为垂直和水平的线而设置。
如图4所示,可以将一条或多条垂直和水平线设置成保险丝,以在施加了门限量的应力时断开或在电池寿命既定时间时腐蚀掉。根据图4所示的示例性实施例,线300可包括由相对细的部分或片段310连接(例如,部分310具有比线300的其他部分小的横截面面积和/或不同的横截面形状)的第一部分或片段320和第二部分或片段330。当腐蚀导致板栅增长时,拉应力可能会施加到线310上。由于部分310的横截面面积比部分320和330的小,如果施加了足够大的应力,线300会在部分310处断开,或者线300会腐蚀掉。这种断开可用于中断板栅在该点的增长。根据各种示例性实施例,如果需要,可以在板栅中设置任何适量的垂直或水平线,并且可设置用于保险丝的任何变形。
如图5所示,可以在一条或多条线中设置扭曲体以吸收或改变由板栅增长导致的部分应力的方向。根据图5所示的示例性实施例,圆形的特征410设置在线400中。当板栅由于腐蚀增长时,线400的形状可以改变。包括扭曲体(例如,圆形部分410)可(例如,通过实现除了直线增长以外的其他增长)使一些增长偏转。在这种方式中,板栅的增长可在该点中断。根据各种示例性实施例,板栅中可设置具有扭曲体的任何适量的垂直或水平线,并且可采用一个或多个扭曲的任何变形。
如图6所示,框架元件之一的一部分可包括缺口或切口。根据如图6中所示的示例性实施例,底部框架元件118可包括缺口或切口119以用作框架的薄弱点。当板栅增长导致引入应力时,应力可集中在薄弱点以使框架在该点断开。在这种方式中,板栅的增长可被中断,应力可在板栅内变向。应注意的是,尽管所示的缺口119是从框架元件118的外侧向内延伸的,但根据其他示例性实施例,缺口也可以从框架元件的内侧延伸。根据各种示例性实施例,任何适量的缺口或切口可设置在沿着框架的侧部、顶部和/或底部的不同位置上。
如图7A所示,框架元件之一可包括凹口或凹坑。例如,根据图7A所示的示例性实施例,板栅100的顶部框架元件112包括凹口113。顶部框架元件112在该点有效地弯曲。当板栅100因为腐蚀在垂直方向增长时,由于板栅中的累积应力,凹口113被向上推。由于顶部框架元件112包括凹口,对板栅来说,向上延伸至与例如,连接到相反极性的板栅的连接条相接触,需要花更长的时间。也就是说,由于顶部框架元件的凹口点与顶部框架元件其余部分不在同一条直线上,板栅的增长将先导致板栅向顶部框架元件的其余部分增长;只有在该点后,板栅才会继续在垂直方向上增长。根据各种示例性实施例,任何适量的凹口可设置在沿框架的侧部、顶部和/或底部的不同位置上。
如图7B所示,顶部框架元件的一部分可设置成与顶部框架元件的剩余部分成一个角度。例如,如图7B所示,顶部框架元件112的一部分115是向下倾斜的或有角度的(例如,斜坡、锥形等)。与图7A所示的凹口相类似,顶部框架元件112的倾斜的结构用于延长板栅增长到接触相反极性的连接条所需的时间。这种结构也可用来增加板栅中的张力,其可抵消某些板栅增长。
如图8所示,板栅的一个或多个角可设置成圆形。例如,根据图8所示的示例性实施例,圆角117设置成连接顶部框架元件112和侧部框架元件114。这种圆形可用作改变应力的方向以及使板栅增长的方向偏离垂直方向。
如图9所示,可去除多条线以形成板栅内的工程缓冲区(类似“破裂区”)。在传统的板栅(例如,如图1所示的板栅)中,垂直线部件彼此在同一直线上,并例如从顶部框架元件向底部框架元件延伸。结果,垂直线中的一条的增长转移到同一直线上的其他线上,导致加和增长效应,从而将顶部框架元件压向相反极性的连接条(例如,如图1所示)。根据如图9所示的示例性实施例,一条或多条垂直线被去除以使板栅内存在中断或不连续(例如,线154和156被开口空间152分隔)。开口空间152因此作为缓冲区,垂直线可在其中增长(而不是以导致板栅顶部框架元件移动的方式转移它们的增长)。开口空间152因此用作“吸收”垂直方向上的增长。在板栅内的多处预定点可设置任意数量的工程缓冲区。
应注意的是,尽管上述对板栅的改进是独立论述的,但在单一的板栅中可采用一种或多种这样的改进。例如,在单一的板栅中可同时采用“弱连接”(例如,如图3所示)和“扭曲”(例如,如图5所示)。为了控制板栅的增长,也可采用如上述改进的任意其他组合。
在采用例如这里所述板栅的电池运转中,电池板栅材料(铅或铅合金)的腐蚀将导致电池板栅的增长。由于板栅的底部和侧部被电池容器的壁限制住,其增长的方向垂直板栅的顶部。通过引入使板栅增长分流或改向的板栅改进,电池的使用寿命可延长。例如,通过在板栅中引入当应力达到门限量时会断开的薄弱点,这类点上的增长可被中断或变向,因而减小了板栅在垂直方向上的增长。为了控制板栅的增长和通过减少短路的发生而延长电池的寿命,可对板栅进行各种各样的修改,短路是由于板栅的接触特征的部分电耦合到电池中具有相反极性的特征而导致的。
阅读本发明的人会意识到,采用这里所述的板栅设计可得到很多优点。例如,根据示例性实施例,电池板栅在抵抗了由于板栅增长导致的短路的同时,也提供了所期望的性能特征。电池板栅包括用于延缓、抑制或限制由于腐蚀导致的板栅增长的特征。根据示例性实施例,电池板栅包括一种或多种改进以吸收由板栅增长(例如,由于板栅的腐蚀)导致的应力或改变其方向。这种板栅设计可用作电池板栅,因此得到相应的电池,其与传统电池板栅相比延长了使用寿命。
需要着重指出的是,如不同实施例所示的电池板栅的结构和布置仅为说明性的。虽然在所公开的内容中仅详细描述了少量本发明实施例,但对于阅读本发明的本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是,许多改变方案是可能的(例如不同部件的尺寸、大小、结构、形状和比例的改变,参数值、安装布置、采用材料、方位等的改变),而不实质上背离权利要求所述主题的新颖性的教导和优势。因此,将所有这种修改包括在如所附权利要求书定义的本发明的范围中。对于优选的和其他示例性实施例的设计、操作条件和布置,可以进行其他的替代、修改、变化和省略,而不离开本发明的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种电池,其特征在于:
包括一种新颖的电池板栅。
2.一种电池板栅,其特征在于:
所述电池板栅包括一种新颖的技术特征。
3.根据权利要求1或2的电池或电池板栅,包括:
包括顶部元件、底部元件、第一侧部元件和第二侧部元件的框架;
设置在所述框架中、限定出多个开口区域的多条线;
从所述顶部元件在第一方向延伸的集流接线片;以及
设置在所述电池板栅中的至少一个特征,其用来减少在所述电池板栅的寿命期间由于所述电池板栅的腐蚀导致的所述电池板栅在所述第一方向上的增长量。
4.根据权利要求3的电池或电池板栅,其中,所述至少一个特征用来减小所述顶部元件在所述第一方向移动的趋势。
5.根据权利要求4的电池或电池板栅,其中,所述至少一个特征包括具有弱连接的线,当预定量的应力施加到所述线上时,所述线会断开。
6.根据权利要求5的电池或电池板栅,其中,所述线包括第一部分、第二部分以及设置在所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间从而使所述第一部分相对所述第二部分错开的第三部分。
7.根据权利要求6的电池或电池板栅,其中,所述线具有第一部分、第二部分以及设置在所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间并且与所述第一部分和所述第二部分相比横截面积减小的第三部分。
8.根据权利要求7的电池或电池板栅,其中,所述至少一个特征包括具有扭曲体的线。
9.一种电池或电池板栅,其特征在于:包括以上权利要求中的任一技术特征或其任一组合。
10.一种制造电池或电池板栅的方法,其特征在于:包括使用或操作以上权利要求中的任一技术特征或其任一组合。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107026287A (zh) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-08-08 | 巨江电源科技有限公司 | 一种铅酸水平电池的制作方法 |
CN107026287B (zh) * | 2016-06-24 | 2020-12-22 | 巨江电源科技有限公司 | 一种铅酸水平电池的制作方法 |
Also Published As
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US20100266903A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
US7955737B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 |
EP1900048B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
CN103500837B (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
US20090258299A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
JP2013016499A (ja) | 2013-01-24 |
ATE527711T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
WO2006127575A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
KR20080033171A (ko) | 2008-04-16 |
US20120219857A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
EP3035422B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
ES2375746T3 (es) | 2012-03-05 |
EP3035422A1 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
US8399135B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
EP2287948B1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
EP2287948A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
US8980419B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 |
US8974972B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
JP5103385B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
EP1900048A1 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
US20120214062A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
CN101233635B (zh) | 2013-07-03 |
PL1900048T3 (pl) | 2012-06-29 |
JP2008542997A (ja) | 2008-11-27 |
KR101317113B1 (ko) | 2013-10-11 |
BRPI0610757A2 (pt) | 2010-07-20 |
US20110262808A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
CN101233635A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
BRPI0610757B1 (pt) | 2017-04-11 |
US7767347B2 (en) | 2010-08-03 |
MX2007014594A (es) | 2008-02-11 |
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