CN102911758A - Method for preparing biomass particles forming fuel by using agricultural and forest wastes - Google Patents
Method for preparing biomass particles forming fuel by using agricultural and forest wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102911758A CN102911758A CN 201110218308 CN201110218308A CN102911758A CN 102911758 A CN102911758 A CN 102911758A CN 201110218308 CN201110218308 CN 201110218308 CN 201110218308 A CN201110218308 A CN 201110218308A CN 102911758 A CN102911758 A CN 102911758A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing biomass particles forming fuel by using agricultural and forest wastes. The method comprises the steps of acquiring biomass material particles with granularity less than 4 mm and water content lower than 25%; separating at least one part of the biomass material particles from the acquired biomass material particles; selecting one formula used for the separated part of the biomass material particles from a formula system comprising at least one formula; acquiring corresponding amount of a fuel additive according to the selected formula in proportion; mixing the obtained biomass material particles and the obtained corresponding amount of a fuel additive for 30-120 seconds; and granulating the obtained mixture and forming into formed fuel particles with a diameter of 5-25 mm and a length being 1-8 times that of the diameter. The obtained biomass particles forming fuel is a high-grade fuel suitable for industrial boilers; and can be combusted directly in any BMF boiler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for utilizing of biomass fuel, relate in particular to the preparation biomass molding fuel method of (Biomass Moulding Fuel is called for short " BMF ").
Background technology
The raw material sources of biomass fuel are in agriculture and forestry organic waste material, such as stalk, sawdust, bagasse, rice chaff, bark etc., belong to green energy resource, the fuel that national policy is encouraged, have following a few dot characteristics: 1. can realize greenhouse gases CO2 ecological " zero " discharging: the energy of BMF comes from it when growing to the absorption of nature CO2, therefore, BMF has the characteristics of CO2 ecology " zero " discharging.2. the typical low-carbon green energy: the burning of low-carbon energy BMF is take fugitive constituent as main, and the content of its fixed carbon is about 15%, is typical low-carbon (LC) fuel; Sulphur content is also lower than diesel oil, only is 0.05%, and the discharging that desulfurizer just can be realized SO2 need be set; Ash is 1.8% only, is about 1/10 of coal derived fuel, simple cleaning apparatus is set just can realizes that dust discharge is up to standard; The BMF nitrogen content is low, and oxygen level is high, generates less NOX during burning.3. typical recycling economy project: BMF derives from agriculture and forestry organic waste material, and feed distribution is extensively various, and content is large, and cost is low, and cycling deposition is inexhaustible, is typical recycling economy project.
Present minimizing owing to Nonrenewable energy resources, the day by day reinforcement of conservation of nature ecotope consciousness, China also more and more payes attention to the utilization of reproducible biomass energy.But present molding device is generally fairly simple, because the dead angle is larger, causes that useless energy consumption is large, and the profiled part wearing and tearing are very fast, and production efficiency is low.Be prone to running roller and forming hole latch up phenomenon in the work.And because wetness of fuel is larger, do not contain cakingagent, easily hygroscopic deformation is unfavorable for prolonged preservation, transportation and use.Because forming machine is higher to granularity and the water content requirement of raw material, and the moulding equipment automatization is low, pulverize, dry, charging and packaging facilities do not form supporting production line, and raw material does not often reach production requirement during work.
A kind of biomass fuel that discloses for No. 200710063736.3 such as Chinese patent application and its preparation method and application, its organic matter fuel that provides is mainly made by the raw material that comprises tackiness agent and organic waste material or ore fuel, wherein high temperature steaming carries out disinfection tackiness agent by swill being removed behind the non-edible refuse again, then except degrease and bone, fishbone etc., remaining swill slag material making beating is prepared.
A kind of method of utilizing agricultural wastes to prepare shaped fuel of disclosing for No. 200810054563.3 of Chinese patent application and for example, its technical scheme is: it is take the agricultural wastes such as stalk, sawdust, wood chip, rice hulls, bagasse and papermaking wastewater as raw material, drying, pulverize, be mixed, the step such as moulding prepares shaped fuel.It prepares biomass fuel take agricultural wastes and these two kinds of refuses of papermaking wastewater as raw material, has both saved raw materials cost, has alleviated again disposal of pollutants.Utilize in the papermaking wastewater adhesive effect of some materials to make agglomeration need not heating, thereby without adding thermal losses, also alleviated the equipment wearing that caused by heating and the heat energy loss of raw material simultaneously.In addition, contain 3～5% alkaline matter in the papermaking wastewater, combustion activity is strengthened.But from the disclosed content of above-mentioned prior art, the preparation method who provides at present and equipment are unfavorable for producing in enormous quantities a kind of biomass molding fuel of being convenient to prolonged preservation, transportation and use.In addition, above-mentioned prior art is not considered the problems such as the profiled part wearing and tearing are very fast, production efficiency is low yet.
Production technique and the equipment of the environment friendly biological matter shaped fuel (BMF) of therefore, being badly in need of providing a kind of and reducing equipment loss, reduce cost, raise the efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of biomass molding fuel preparation method of being convenient to the biomass molding fuel of prolonged preservation, transportation and use.
A kind of technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of biomass molding fuel preparation method, and it comprises: (1) obtain granularity less than 4mm and water ratio in the biomass raw material particle below 25%; (2) from the biomass raw material particle that obtains, tell a at least biomass raw material particle, in comprising the prescription system of at least a prescription, select a kind of prescription for this part biomass raw material particle, and obtain in proportion the fuel dope of corresponding amount according to selected prescription; The fuel dope of this part biomass raw material particle that (3) will obtain and the corresponding amount of acquisition carries out 30～120 seconds married operation; And (4) granulating mixture that obtains is shaped to 5～25 millimeters of diameters and length is 1～8 times of shaped fuel particle that is preferably 1～3 times of diameter.
Alternatively, qualified biomass raw material particle can be indirectly from other place outside the preparation system (such as raw material factory), perhaps, qualified biomass raw material particle can directly be produced by the never qualified starting material of system device.
Preferably, may further include after the shaped fuel particle is sieved to shaped fuel particle filling bag packing or with the shaped fuel particle transport to the finished product bulk bin.More preferably, shaped granule is mentioned the water cooler cooling, mention the finished product sizing screen after the cooling and sieve.Cooled temperature is higher than envrionment temperature 5～10 degree and gets final product.Finished granule after the screening contains the powder rate less than 5%.The defective shaped fuel particle that sieves out directly turns back to step (4) again to granulate.
Wherein, telling the operation of a at least biomass raw material particle, the operation that obtains the fuel dope of corresponding amount, married operation and pelletizing forming operation all can finish automatically by Controlling System.
Alternatively, at least part of biomass raw material particle can be to pulverize and obtain by granularity is sent into pulverizer greater than the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of 4mm, wherein, and pulverizer toe linear velocity＞88m/s, hammer sieve gap＜12mm.
Alternatively, at least part of biomass raw material particle is that the drum-type drying bake oven is dried to be obtained by water ratio is sent at the agriculture and forestry organic waste material more than 25%, wherein, stoving oven requires length at 10～16 meters, rotating speed is at 9～13 rev/mins, stoving oven charging place temperature 350～430 degree, discharging place temperature 65～90 degree, the moisture content after the oven dry is 10%～18%.
Alternatively, married operation is finished in mixing machine, and mixing time is controlled at 45～90 seconds, mixture homogeneity cv＜11%.
Alternatively, the pelletizing forming operation is that the mixture behind the married operation is sent into nodulizer compression moulding, and wherein, the ring mould speed of nodulizer is at 3～9m/s.The pressure roller external diameter is 0.3～0.475 with pressing mold internal diameter ratio, comes accordingly to determine the pressure roller diameter.Ring mould percentage of open area is 25～35%, and compression ratio 5～8 encircles mould face width 8～18cm.
Alternatively, biomass material is the agriculture and forestry organic waste material that comprises straw, sawdust, bagasse and/or rice chaff.
Preferably, fuel dope comprises grease with lubricated and combustion-supporting effect, is used for reducing NO
XThe sulphur-fixing agent of discharging, the solid oxidizing agent that helps the ignition dope that burns and help the stable burning operating mode.
Alternatively, grease can be selected an amount of coal tar, heavy oil, vegetables oil, biomass liquefying wet goods.The grease that adds heat can be convenient to and the mixing of raw material, and improves material temperature, makes raw material soften easier moulding, and grease itself also has lubrication; After particle cooling, play the effect of binding agent, enhanced granule intensity, and can strengthen the water-repellancy of particle in storage and transport process; When particle burning, grease plays the effect of ignition dope.
Alternatively, sulphur-fixing agent can be selected an amount of unslaked lime, calcium carbonate etc.
Alternatively, ignition dope can be selected an amount of magnesite soil, magnesium nitrate, magnesium oxide, ferric oxide etc.
Alternatively, solid oxidizing agent can be selected an amount of potassium permanganate, Potcrate etc., and the adding of oxygenant can make burning more abundant, effectively utilizes biomass energy, reduces smoke contamination and fuel cost.
The present invention utilizes the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of collection, the material that at first will need to pulverize makes it reach processing requirement by pulverizing, then raw material is carried out drying, the referred batch bin of dried material, according to production formula various raw materials are prepared in proportion, then mix, granulate again, cool off, sieve, at last finished particle is filled with bag or enter bulk bin.
The present invention adopts central integrated control system, and control center is positioned at Central Control Room.Every equipment is equipped with accident warning device, and in the erecting stage maintenance safety switch is arranged.
The various parameter those skilled in the art that the present invention relates to can be at choice for use in the rational scope.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: biomass molding fuel is according to China's energy hydrocarbon resources reserves particularly, deliverability, world market oil supply situation, price and development trend, country's new forms of energy policy, Environmental Protection Situation and policy, with agriculture and forestry organic waste material as starting material, by adding efficient additive, through pulverizing, extruding, the techniques such as oven dry, be pressed into various moulding (such as particulate state through shaping equipment, bar-shaped etc.), before processing, its energy density wants about large ten times, be convenient to storing, the cigarette ash of discharging and SO2 are far below coal after the burning, the fossil energies such as oil, a kind of higher-grade fuel that Industrial Boiler uses that is suitable for, the Novel clean-fuel that can directly burn at various BMF boilers.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, further specify the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment, any on essence spirit of the present invention improvement or substitute, still belong to scope required for protection in claims of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of biomass shaping fuel preparation system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 biomass molding fuel preparation method of the present invention is described.
Preparation system of the present invention comprises: the raw material receiving system that is used for obtaining biomass raw material particle, be used for selectivity and biomass raw material particle carried out the drying system of drying and processing, be used for according to selected prescription to qualified biomass raw material particle with fuel dope is prepared burden and the batch mixing system of combination treatment, for the granulating system that the mixture from batch mixing system is carried out pelletizing forming and for the packaging system to packing or lay in from the biomass molding fuel particle of granulating system.
Embodiment 1
The raw material receiving system
After the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of granularity＜4mm (such as about 2mm) is transported to factory, do not need to pulverize, the field personnel sends a signal to Central Control Room, middle control person begins to start the raw material receiving system, dropped into by dog-house 5 places, and determine the storehouse that enters number to enter warehouse for drying 601, warehouse for drying 602 by divider 12 according to the demonstration of warehouse for drying level detector; And by rear extremely front receiving sieve 10 removal of impurity of opening successively, lift 8, scraper plate 5, conveying are through pipe magnetic separator 11 absorption iron contaminations.Hoist installation has speed measuring device, and the stall alert device is installed in the Central Control Room system.
The raw materials different to water ratio adopt different processing:
A, moisture content need directly oven dry at the agriculture and forestry organic waste material more than 25%, advance warehouse for drying 601 and warehouse for drying 602.
If B is not temporarily dried or warehouse for drying is full then be assigned to conveying belt 1, put into vertical silo 501, vertical silo 502 is deposited.The material of vertical silo can come into operation by scraper plate 3 outputs.Be provided with pulse dust collector 39 in receiving sieve place, dust can enter batch bin 403 by elephant trunk.
C, moisture content are not lower than when 25% agriculture and forestry organic waste material is not dried and directly enter batch bin 401 by divider 12.The agriculture and forestry organic waste material of granularity＞3mm is pulverized through pulverizer 6, the granularity requirements＜3mm after the pulverizing, pulverizer toe linear velocity＞88m/s (such as about 100m/s), the granularity requirements＜3mm after the pulverizing, hammer sieve gap＜12mm (such as about 10mm); Then transport through scrapper conveyor 7, lift 9, by pipe magnetic separator 24, utilize threeway to enter into respectively warehouse for drying again.If the agriculture and forestry organic waste material after pulverizing does not need oven dry, can pass through pipe magnetic separator 25, enter batch bin by divider 18.
Drying system
The material that warehouse for drying 601, warehouse for drying are 602 li enters dryer 16 by variable-frequency feeding auger 13 dries, and adjusts the feeding frequency of auger 13 according to the moisture content of real-time detection.Stoving oven requires length at 10～16 meters (such as approximately 12 meters), rotating speed is in 10～13r/min (such as about 12r/min), stoving oven charging place temperature 350～430 degree (such as about 400 degree), discharging place temperature 65～90 degree (such as about 70 degree), the moisture content after the oven dry are 8%～16% between (such as approximately 12%).In addition, the material of powder after oven dry of blower fan 14 absorption carried through lift 15.
Different in kind according to material carries out following different processing:
A, for the material of not prepared burden, utilize divider 17 to advance respectively batch bin 401, batch bin 402, batch bin 403, granulate again according to formula rate batching.
B, for the material of batching once, such as the underproof shaped fuel particle that filters out, do not need batching directly to be transported to granulation storehouse 301 and directly to granulate through scrapper conveyor 39.
If material moisture content does not reach requirement after the C oven dry, can turn back to again warehouse for drying 602 (seeing A place among Fig. 1) through divider 17.
Batch mixing system
The present invention adopts center-control, and the frequency-change feeding auger is all adopted in the batch bin discharging, and for example, every batch of material can be set as 2 tons, and it can comprise that large burden balance 19, little burden balance 20 and small powder add 21.
Various materials are prepared by selected a kind of prescription, added efficient additive (fuel dope) in small powder interpolation place 21, dedusting fan is installed simultaneously.Prepare burden complete blowing to mixing machine 22, set mixing time according to different material and prescription, such as, mixing time can be controlled at 45～90s (such as approximately 70 seconds), mixture homogeneity cv＜11% (such as approximately 8%), mix complete after, through discharging auger 27, lift 23 conveying hoistings, through entering granulation storehouse 301 after the pipe magnetic separator iron impurity, prepare pelletizing forming.
Central control person is behind a kind of selected prescription of microcomputer input, and the some batching starts, the unlatching of batching program, and practicable continuous automatic blending, middle control person only need monitor and get final product.The complete rear scale door of preparing burden can be opened blowing automatically to mixing machine, and after the complete scale door of blowing was shut, mixing time began timing, and simultaneously above preparation begins next batch, and mixing time reaches the set(ting)value automatic discharging
Granulating system
The granulating system of the present embodiment comprises nodulizer 28, cooling tower 29, lift 30, sizing screen 31, auger 32, divider 33 etc.
The particle diameter that obtains is in 5～25mm (such as about 9mm), and particle length is the 1-6 doubly (such as approximately 3 times) of diameter.The ring mould speed of nodulizer is in 3-9m/s (such as about 5m/s).The pressure roller external diameter is 0.475 with pressing mold internal diameter ratio, comes accordingly to determine the pressure roller diameter.Cooled temperature is higher than envrionment temperature 5--10 degree and gets final product.Finished granule after the screening contains the powder rate less than 5%.The powder of screening can enter granulation storehouse 301 by elephant trunk.Underproof material can be transmitted back to granulation storehouse 301 through auger 32 after wherein granulating, and again granulates.Qualified particle enters into finished bin 201, finished bin 202 by divider 33.
Packaging system
The present invention adopts the fully-automatic packaging system, automatically folder bag, automatic weighing.Need packed particle, utilize packaging scale 34 to pack.
As another kind of scheme of the present invention, other parts are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is:
Qualified biomass raw material particle is indirectly from other place outside the preparation system, such as raw material factory.
For not needing packed particle, through divider 33, enter into respectively bulk bin 101, bulk bin 102 through lift 35, conveying belt 36 again.
Claims (10)
1. method of utilizing agriculture and forestry organic waste material to prepare biomass molding fuel comprises:
(1) obtain granularity less than 4mm and water ratio in the biomass raw material particle below 25%;
(2) from the described biomass raw material particle that obtains, tell a at least biomass raw material particle, in comprising the prescription system of at least a prescription, select a kind of prescription for this part biomass raw material particle, and obtain in proportion the fuel dope of corresponding amount according to described selected prescription;
The fuel dope of this part biomass raw material particle that (3) will obtain and the corresponding amount of acquisition carries out 30～120 seconds married operation; And
(4) granulating mixture that obtains is shaped to 5～25 millimeters of diameters and length is 1～8 times shaped fuel particle of diameter.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further be included in the shaped fuel particle sieved after to described shaped fuel particle filling bag packing or with described shaped fuel particle transport to the finished product bulk bin.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly tell the operation of the fuel dope of the operation of a at least biomass raw material particle, described acquisition corresponding amount, described married operation and the operation of described pelletizing forming is all finished automatically by Controlling System.
4. such as the described method of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, at least part of described biomass raw material particle is to pulverize and obtain by granularity is sent into pulverizer greater than the agriculture and forestry organic waste material of 4mm, wherein, pulverizer toe linear velocity＞88m/s, hammer sieve gap＜12mm.
5. such as the described method of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, at least part of described biomass raw material particle is that the drum-type drying bake oven is dried to be obtained by water ratio is sent at the agriculture and forestry organic waste material more than 25%, wherein, stoving oven requires length at 10～16 meters, rotating speed is at 9～13 rev/mins, and stoving oven charging place temperature 350～430 is spent, discharging place temperature 65～90 degree.
6. such as the described method of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described married operation is finished in mixing machine, and mixing time is controlled at 45～90 seconds, mixture homogeneity cv＜11%.
7. such as the described method of one of claim 1～3; it is characterized in that; described pelletizing forming operation is that the mixture behind the described married operation is sent into nodulizer compression moulding; wherein; the speed of the ring mould that described nodulizer adopts is at 3～9 meter per seconds; the external diameter of the pressure roller that described nodulizer adopts is 0.3～0.475 with the internal diameter ratio of described ring mould, and described ring mould percentage of open area is 25～35%.
8. such as the described method of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described biomass material is the agriculture and forestry organic waste material that comprises straw, sawdust, bagasse and/or rice chaff.
9. such as the described method of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that, described fuel dope comprises grease with lubricated and combustion-supporting effect, is used for reducing NO
XThe sulphur-fixing agent of discharging, the solid oxidizing agent that helps the ignition dope that burns and help the stable burning operating mode.
10. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, realize that the preparation system of the method comprises: the raw material receiving system that is used for obtaining biomass raw material particle, be used for selectivity and biomass raw material particle carried out the drying system of drying and processing, be used for according to selected prescription to qualified biomass raw material particle with fuel dope is prepared burden and the batch mixing system of combination treatment, for the granulating system that the mixture from batch mixing system is carried out pelletizing forming and for the packaging system to packing or lay in from the biomass molding fuel particle of granulating system.
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| CN 201110218308 CN102911758A (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2011-08-01 | Method for preparing biomass particles forming fuel by using agricultural and forest wastes |
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| CN 201110218308 CN102911758A (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2011-08-01 | Method for preparing biomass particles forming fuel by using agricultural and forest wastes |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104479784A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-01 | 葫芦岛市南票区腾兴生物质燃料厂 | Environment-friendly type carbon-adding biomass fuel and processing method thereof |
| CN109207226A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-15 | 池州众丰现代农业发展有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of green environment protective biological matter granular fuel |
| CN112226261A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-15 | 谷建兴 | Production method of biological granular fuel |
-
2011
- 2011-08-01 CN CN 201110218308 patent/CN102911758A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104479784A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-01 | 葫芦岛市南票区腾兴生物质燃料厂 | Environment-friendly type carbon-adding biomass fuel and processing method thereof |
| CN104479784B (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2019-03-12 | 葫芦岛市南票区腾兴生物质燃料厂 | A kind of environment-friendly type adds the processing method of charcoal biomass fuel |
| CN109207226A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-15 | 池州众丰现代农业发展有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of green environment protective biological matter granular fuel |
| CN112226261A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-15 | 谷建兴 | Production method of biological granular fuel |
| CN112226261B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-06-04 | 新宁新欣热能科技有限公司 | Production method of biological granular fuel |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |