CN102676265B - Formed fuel mixed with combustible garbage components and coal liquefaction residual and preparation method - Google Patents
Formed fuel mixed with combustible garbage components and coal liquefaction residual and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102676265B CN102676265B CN201210138773.7A CN201210138773A CN102676265B CN 102676265 B CN102676265 B CN 102676265B CN 201210138773 A CN201210138773 A CN 201210138773A CN 102676265 B CN102676265 B CN 102676265B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a formed fuel mixed with combustible components in garbage and coal liquefaction residual and a preparation method, which are applicable to resource recycling of domestic garbage and coal liquefaction residual. The formed fuel is mixed by the following components in percent by weight: 62.0%-80.0% of combustible components in domestic garbage, 12.0%-28.0% of coal liquefaction residual and 8.0%-10.0% of desulfurizing agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly sorting combustible components in the domestic garbage, and then drying and crushing the combustible components in the domestic garbage; then mixing the combustible components in the domestic garbage, the coal liquefaction residual and the desulfurizing agent according to the matching ratio, stirring uniformly; and finally forming. The formed fuel disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the heat value is high, the secondary pollution is low, the mechanical performance is excellent, the reduction and the harmlessness of the domestic garbage are realized, and meanwhile, the recycling of the domestic garbage and the coal liquefaction residual is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to eco-friendly power source technical field, shaped fuel and preparation method that particularly a kind of rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue, be applicable to domestic refuse and coal liquefaction residue recycling treatment.
Technical background
Nearly 1.5 hundred million tons of the annual production of China's domestic waste, and with annual 8% speed increase.According to incompletely statistics, total volume of cargo in storage of China's domestic waste reaches more than 60 hundred million tons, approximately has 2/3 city to be absorbed in the predicament of garbage-surrounded city.Domestic waste being processed, made its minimizing, innoxious and resource utilization, is many-sided an urgent demands such as environment, economy, society.
Domestic waste is the complicated body that many kinds of substance mixes, by more than dirt, masonry, waste paper, plastic waste, waste spinning fabric, metal, kitchen and wood chip etc. form, its composition is affected by urban development scale, weather, season, standard of living, custom and energy structure etc. mainly.China's domestic waste composition fluctuation is large, water content is high, combustiblematerials component content is low, calorific value is lower, is difficult to directly realize energy.
At present, the processing mode of China's domestic waste is mainly landfill, compost and burning.Landfill method is that domestic refuse is concentrated and stacked or directly bury, and land occupation, easily pollutes underground water and atmosphere; Composting process is that the inorganics in domestic refuse is removed, then residual organic substances is made to fertilizer, but the treatment time is long, implements difficulty large; Burning method is that domestic refuse is directly burned to reclaim heat energy, but combustion instability, utilization ratio is low, easily produces dioxin, and is difficult to process containing heavy metal flying dust.To sum up, the processing problem of China's city domestic waste is serious, and recycling rate is low.
Because prospective oil declines year by year, produced quantity constantly rises, so worldwide oil shortage crisis will be inevitable.China's rich oil meager coal, utilizes direct coal liquefaction technology to produce liquid fuel oil, is the optimal path that solves oil shortage.In gelatin liquefaction process, no matter adopt which kind of coal direct liquefaction technique, no matter adopt which kind of solid-liquid separating method, all can produce the residue that accounts for liquefaction raw coal amount 30% left and right.Coal liquefaction residue is the material of a kind of high-carbon, high ash and high-sulfur, mainly by unconverted coal organism, inorganic mineral and additional deliquescence accelerant in liquefaction raw material, formed, it is not moisture, volatile matter is high, thermal value is high, and cohesiveness and swelling property are also very strong, is a kind of good fuel source.Under the background of current oil crisis, gelatin liquefaction technical development prospect is huge, and therefore the output of coal liquefaction residue is also by increasing, if by its recycling, significant.
China's domestic waste output is large, complicated component, moisture is high, calorific value is low, how to make full use of domestic garbage resources, turns waste into wealth, great to Significance for Environment; Along with the aggravation of oil crisis, the processing of the byproduct coal liquefaction residue of gelatin liquefaction technology also will cause social concerns.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the serious present situation of recyclable thermal waste in current domestic waste, and the byproduct for treatment problem brought of gelatin liquefaction technology, the shaped fuel and the preparation method that provide a kind of rubbish combustibleconstituents to mix with coal liquefaction residue, this shaped fuel is using domestic refuse combustibleconstituents waste paper and yarn fabric as main raw material composition, using the coal liquefaction residue of high heating value, high viscosity as oxidizer and binding agent, realizing Domestic Waste Minimization, realized the recycling of domestic refuse, coal liquefaction residue in innoxious.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The shaped fuel that a kind of rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue, this shaped fuel is to be formed by domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue and sweetening agent mixture, and the quality per distribution ratio of various compositions is: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 62.0% ~ 80.0%, coal liquefaction residue 12.0% ~ 28.0%, sweetening agent 8.0% ~ 10.0%.
The quality per distribution ratio of the described various compositions of shaped fuel is: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 70.0%, coal liquefaction residue 21.0%, sweetening agent 9.0%.
Described domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is the mixture of waste paper and yarn fabric.
Described coal liquefaction residue is the residue of bottle coal, long-flame coal, brown coal liquefaction generation.
Described sweetening agent is one or the mixture in calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide.
Preferably, described domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve, to sub-elect rectangular plastics and yarn fabric with hanging by domestic waste, then through the selection by winnowing of the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber, isolate plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment, the multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber is isolated plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment and is isolated waste paper and yarn fabric through further selection by winnowing.
Preferably, described two-segment cylinder sieve comprises fixed frame, is arranged on trommel screen and trommel screen drive unit on fixed frame; Trommel screen comprises interconnective trommel screen entrance and trommel screen outlet section; Material inlet is installed on the ingress of trommel screen entrance, and the below of trommel screen is provided with siftage collecting device; On the circumferential direction of trommel screen entrance and trommel screen outlet section, be furnished with some sieve apertures, trommel screen entrance circumferential inner wall is provided with some broken bag cuttves, is provided with the clear knife system matching with described broken bag cutter in trommel screen entrance; The periphery of trommel screen entrance and trommel screen outlet section is provided with the hole cleaning device of cleaning sieve aperture; Trommel screen outlet section circumferential inner wall is provided with some rectangular things and hangs device, and the rectangular thing collection device of three row's tuck chain compositions is installed in trommel screen outlet section.
Preferably, between trommel screen and horizontal direction, angle is 3 ° ~ 8 °.
Preferably, broken bag cutter be shaped as rectangular pyramid shape, one lateral vertical is in broken bag cutter bottom surface.
Preferably, broken bag cutter is welded on steel plate, and steel plate adopts the mode embedding to be arranged on trommel screen entrance inwall circumference.
Preferably, clear knife system is fixed on disk, the direction of rotation of its turning direction and broken bag cutter.
Preferably, three row's tuck chains comprise the first tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain; On the first tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain, be equipped with some tucks; The spacing of the first tuck chain and the second tuck chain is 0.1D, and the spacing of the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain is respectively 0.12D; The first tuck chain and the second tuck chain are positioned at trommel screen center one side, and the 3rd tuck chain is positioned at trommel screen center opposite side; The 3rd tuck chain departs from the 0.07D of centre of the drum; , tuck length is 0.25D, wherein D is trommel screen diameter.
Preferably, the multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber comprises housing, is provided with the first selection by winnowing chamber, the second selection by winnowing chamber and vibratory screening apparatus in housing; The opening for feed place of housing is provided with rotary feeder; On housing, below rotary feeder, be provided with the first air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit; The first bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the first air compartment blast inlet place; The right side of the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism is provided with vibratory screening apparatus; The bottom of vibratory screening apparatus is provided with the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; The right side of vibratory screening apparatus is the second selection by winnowing chamber; The discharge port below of vibratory screening apparatus is provided with the second air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit, the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the second air compartment blast inlet place, and the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the second air compartment blast inlet place; The 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism top of the second rear portion, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the second pecten; The first selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first pecten and the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the rear portion of the first air compartment blast inlet; The first selection by winnowing chamber is connected cyclonic separator with the air outlet of the second selection by winnowing chamber by pipeline; Cyclonic separator connects blower unit by pipeline.
Preferably, rotary feeder comprises rotary feeding air-lock device and is positioned at the cylinder of breaing up of rotary feeding air-lock device bottom.
Preferably, the first air compartment blast inlet and the second air compartment blast inlet are right-angled trapezium along air intake direction cross section, perpendicular to the cross section of air intake direction, are rectangle; The height of right-angled trapezium is with isometric perpendicular to high parallel short sides; On-right angle limit and high angle are 10 ° ~ 20 °.
Preferably, under the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism and the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, all portion is provided with travelling belt.
Preferably, vibrosieve is two sections, and leading portion vibratory screening apparatus is furnished with square or circular aperture, and back segment is oscillating plate, as the second selection by winnowing chamber feeding device.
Preferably, described the first pecten and the second pecten contain longitudinal hollow groove, and the multi-functional winnowing machine of the described double-wind chamber for domestic waste also comprises the first scraper plate, the second scraper plate that engage with the first pecten, the second pecten respectively.
The preparation method who the invention also discloses the shaped fuel that a kind of rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue, comprises the following steps:
(1) sub-elect waste paper in domestic waste and yarn fabric as domestic refuse combustibleconstituents;
(2) domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is dried to 200 ~ 300 ℃ of drying temperatures;
(3) broken domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, 95% size that guarantees total particle number after pulverizing is below 20mm;
(4) coal liquefaction residue is crushed to below particle diameter 3mm;
(5) by proportioning by domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue and desulphurizer mixing fully stirring, after mixing by storing material 15 ~ 30 minutes;
(6) moulding process: the material after step (5) is stored adopts forming machine extrusion molding to form the shaped fuel that rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue.
Preferably, the dry rear water ratio of described domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is 20%.
Preferably, described moulding process be temperature lower than the condition of 50 ℃ under coldmoulding; Described shaped fuel water ratio is 12% ~ 15%.
Preferably, in step (1), domestic waste is sub-elected to rectangular plastics and yarn fabric through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve with hanging, then through the selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber multi-functional winnowing machine, isolate plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment, the domestic refuse combustibleconstituents of waste paper and yarn fabric composition isolated plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment and isolates through further selection by winnowing by the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The shaped fuel that described rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue, its advantage is:
(1) shaped fuel of the present invention preparation take the waste paper in domestic refuse and yarn fabric as main raw material, removed the inorganic refuse such as non-flammable dirt in domestic refuse, high moisture, low heat value, perishable rubbish from cooking, the waste or used plastics of high pollution and containing heavy metal rubbish, therefore higher, the odorless of the calorific value of the raw material of shaped fuel own, without putrefaction, while preparing shaped fuel, needn't add sanitas, the calorific value of gained shaped fuel is 16900 ~ 19200kJ/kg, without dioxin and heavy metal contamination, easily store.
(2) the byproduct coal liquefaction residue that in shaped fuel of the present invention, another important composition is gelatin liquefaction, it is not moisture, calorific value is high, can play combustion-supporting effect, effectively improve the calorific value of shaped fuel, in addition, coal liquefaction residue also has very strong cohesiveness, to the promoter action that forms of fuel, therefore in the composition of shaped fuel, does not need adhesive special.Visible, coal liquefaction residue plays the dual function that improves calorific value and promote moulding in shaped fuel of the present invention.
(3) coal liquefaction residue sulphur content of the present invention is very high, and the sweetening agent that therefore contains larger specific gravity in the composition of this shaped fuel, to reduce atmospheric pollution.
The preparation method of the shaped fuel that described a kind of rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue, its advantage is:
(1) in preparation process (5), will after domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue and desulphurizer mixing, store 15 ~ 30 minutes, not only can make each component fully contact, also can make each component interpenetrate, mutually bond, thereby give full play to the cohesive action of coal liquefaction residue and the desulfidation of sweetening agent;
(2) shaped fuel is cylindric, and size can change according to demand, both can be used as the fuel of grate furnace, also can be used for fluidized-bed combustion boiler burning;
(3) water ratio of shaped fuel is between 12% ~ 15%, stores 1 year physicals and combustionproperty and do not change under normal temperature.
To sum up, the present invention is using domestic refuse as recyclable resource, by various mechanical sorting modes, sub-elect waste paper and yarn fabric in domestic refuse, using these two kinds of domestic refuse combustibleconstituentss as the main raw material of preparing shaped fuel, and domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue are carried out to pre-treatment, by preparing shaped fuel after proportioning interpolation sweetening agent.This shaped fuel calorific value is high, secondary pollution is low, mechanical property is good, has realized the minimizing of domestic refuse, innoxious and resource utilization, efficiently solves the processing problem of the byproduct coal liquefaction residue of gelatin liquefaction technology simultaneously.
A kind of sieve of the two-segment cylinder for domestic waste of the present invention is by the independent tradition broken bag cutter using and large rectangular thing hangs and organically combination of collection device, realize broken bag, hung and collected the function of rectangular thing, realized sorting and the recovery of Plastic rubbish; Broken bag cutter be shaped as rectangular pyramid shape, one lateral vertical, in broken bag cutter bottom surface, has improved the broken bag efficiency of broken bag cutter; Rectangular thing collection device is arranged tuck chain by the first tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain three and is formed, and on every tuck chain, tuck is all installed.While falling due to domestic refuse, be parabolic shape, by calculating, adopt three row's tuck chains, the spacing of the first tuck chain and the second tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain is respectively 0.1D, 0.12D, the first tuck chain and the second tuck chain are positioned at trommel screen center one side, and the 3rd tuck chain is positioned at trommel screen center opposite side; The 3rd tuck chain departs from the 0.07D of centre of the drum, and tuck length is 0.25D, and wherein D is diameter of cylinder.By this, arrange, the collection effciency of rectangular thing collection device is the highest, and economic impacts is best.
This pneumatic separation device is two-stage selection by winnowing, the first selection by winnowing chamber, the second selection by winnowing chamber, consists of.Two-stage selection by winnowing can improve sharpness of separation, guarantees sorting thing purity.First, second selection by winnowing chamber air output is controlled by blower unit is unified, and two-stage selection by winnowing chamber cooperatively interacts, and realizes efficient selection by winnowing.The present invention adopts right-angled trapezium cross section blast inlet.The high H of right-angled trapezium and horizontal short A are isometric.The angle of on-right angle limit and horizontal sides is 10 °-20 °.Experiment and numerical simulation show, when the blast inlet of first, second selection by winnowing chamber is right-angled trapezium cross section, flow field, exit is stable and there is no a whirlpool.The present invention adopts rotary feeder, comprises rotary feeding air-lock device and breaks up cylinder.Rotary feeding airlock is realized the first selection by winnowing chamber with extraneous separation, avoids gas leak.Break up cylinder rubbish is broken up, avoid waste component conglomeration.By coordination, control rotary feeder and break up drum rotation speed and can effectively control inlet amount, and being conducive to rubbish different components high efficiency separation after rubbish dispersion.The present invention the first bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is vibratory screening apparatus, and vibrosieve is two sections, and leading portion is the sieve plate that is furnished with square or circular aperture, and back segment is atresia oscillating plate, and it is as the second selection by winnowing chamber feeding device.Fritter inorganics sees through vibratory screening apparatus and sifts out, and all the other materials all enter the second selection by winnowing chamber with vibratory screening apparatus, and vibratory screening apparatus is broken up surplus materials, has improved the second selection by winnowing chamber selection by winnowing precision.Drawing mechanism of the present invention is twin-stage air locking device, by two-stage door, is is alternately opened or closed and is realized discharging process and do not leak out.Pecten of the present invention is placed in the first selection by winnowing chamber and the second rear portion, selection by winnowing chamber, and pecten hollow gap and blade structure cooperatively interact, and stop plastics and stationery, and by scraper plate, plastics and stationery are scraped to drawing mechanism.The present invention realizes gas circulation, and cyclonic separator connects wind pipe and gas blower, and grey great soil group is separated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the two-segment cylinder sieve and the pneumatic separation device that in the present invention, relate to are described in further details.
Fig. 1 is two-segment cylinder sieve overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the axial sectional view of two-segment cylinder sieve entrance.
Fig. 3 is the axial sectional view of two-segment cylinder sieve outlet section.
Fig. 4 is two-segment cylinder sieve broken bag knife structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the multi-functional winnowing machine schematic diagram of a kind of double-wind chamber for domestic waste in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that blast inlet is along air intake direction cross-sectional shape schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view along A-A line in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is pecten schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is the preparation method's of the shaped fuel that mixes with coal liquefaction residue of a kind of rubbish combustibleconstituents of the present invention schema.
In figure, 1, trommel screen entrance; 101, sieve aperture; 102, broken bag cutter; 103, clear knife system; 104, threaded hole; 105, steel plate; 2, material inlet; 3, domestic refuse; 4, trommel screen drive unit; 5, trommel screen outlet section; 501, rectangular thing hangs device; 502,503,504, tuck chain; 6, hole cleaning device; 7, siftage collecting device; 8, fixed frame; 121, blower unit; 122, travelling belt; 123, the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 124, travelling belt; 125, the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 126, vibratory screening apparatus; 127, snorting valve; 128, under meter; 129, the first air compartment blast inlet; 1210, break up cylinder; 1211, rotary feeding air locking device; 1212, the first selection by winnowing chamber; 1213, tornado dust collector; 1214, pecten; 1215, pipeline; 1218, the second selection by winnowing chamber; 1221, the second air compartment blast inlet; 1216, the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 1219, the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 1222, the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 1217,1220,1223, travelling belt.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Refer to shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 10, in the present embodiment, the composition of the shaped fuel that rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue and weight percent proportioning are: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 62.0%, coal liquefaction residue 28.0%, calcium hydroxide 10.0%, and preparation process is as follows:
(1) domestic waste is sub-elected to rectangular plastics and yarn fabric through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve with hanging, then through the selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber multi-functional winnowing machine, isolate plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment, the domestic refuse combustibleconstituents of waste paper and yarn fabric composition isolated plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment and isolates through further selection by winnowing by the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber;
(2) at the temperature of 200 ℃, domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is dried, makes water ratio be reduced to 20%;
(3) adopt the broken domestic refuse combustibleconstituents of shear crusher, guarantee that 95% size of total particle number is below 20mm;
(4) coal liquefaction residue is carried out to pre-treatment, be crushed to below 3mm;
(5) by said ratio, domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue are mixed with calcium hydroxide and are stirred, after mixing by storing material 15 minutes;
(6) adopt spiral squeezing type forming machine mixture to be squeezed into the cylindric shaped fuel that is of a size of Φ 10mm × 25mm.
Consult shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the sieve of the two-segment cylinder for domestic waste that the present invention is used, comprises fixed frame 8, is arranged on trommel screen and trommel screen drive unit 4 on fixed frame 8; Trommel screen comprises interconnective trommel screen entrance 1 and trommel screen outlet section 5; Material inlet 2 is installed on the ingress of trommel screen entrance 1, and the below of trommel screen is provided with siftage collecting device 7; On the circumferential direction of trommel screen entrance 1 and trommel screen outlet section 5, be furnished with some sieve apertures 101, trommel screen entrance 1 circumferential inner wall is provided with some broken bag cuttves 102, is provided with the clear knife system 103 matching with described broken bag cutter 102 in trommel screen entrance 1; The periphery of trommel screen entrance 1 and trommel screen outlet section 5 is provided with the hole cleaning device 6 of cleaning sieve aperture 101; Trommel screen outlet section 5 circumferential inner walls are provided with some rectangular things and hang device 501, and the rectangular thing collection device of three row's tuck chain 502,503,504 compositions is installed in trommel screen outlet section 5.Between trommel screen and horizontal direction, angle β is 3 ° ~ 8 °.Broken bag cutter 102 is welded on steel plate 105, adopts the mode embedding to be arranged on trommel screen entrance 1 inwall circumference, utilizes screw rod will to be welded with steel plate 105 jack-up of broken bag cutter 102 through threaded hole 104 during dismounting, and extracts out and dismantle from one end by steel plate 105.
Domestic refuse is transported to the leading portion of the two-segment cylinder sieve that reaches certain rotating speed through material conveyor.Entering domestic refuse in trommel screen follows trommel screen and rotates together.When domestic refuse rotation reach a certain height, domestic refuse is dished out with parabolical movement locus, falls back to the sieve end, repeats such process, makes domestic refuse in cylinder, reach the state of continuous rolling.In the process of constantly rolling, the material that particle diameter is less than sieve diameter will drop in the middle of the lower collection device of sieve through sieve aperture, and the material that particle diameter is greater than sieve diameter exports and discharges along barrel from screen drum lower end, thereby realizes the function of screening.Domestic refuse is tossed drop to trommel screen at the bottom of time, the broken bag cutter that screen drum leading portion is installed will be pricked in the materials such as plastics bag, clothing, extruding by unclassified stores again, the effect such as tear, the materials such as plastics bag, clothing are scratched, thereby realize the function of broken bag, duds thing.Plastics bag after broken bag, clothing etc., along with the rotation of trommel screen enters into the back segment of two-segment cylinder sieve.On the back segment barrel circumferential direction of trommel screen, rectangular thing is installed and hangs device, at center annex, rectangular thing is installed and collects collection device.Plastics bag after broken bag and clothing, in the middle of the process of rotating with trommel screen, will be hung device by rectangular thing and provoke, and landing after reaching a certain height, drops on rectangular thing collection device, be transported to outside cylinder, thereby realize the collecting function of broken bag and rectangular thing.In order to prevent that sieve aperture from being stopped up by the higher domestic refuse of water content, is provided with sieve aperture cleaning plant at the outer wall of screen drum.Hole cleaning device coordinates with sieve aperture, and when sieve aperture forwards hole cleaning device to, hole cleaning device is cleared up sieve aperture, thereby realizes clear hole function.
The workflow of two-segment cylinder sieve of the present invention is as follows: first, domestic waste enters the two-part multipurpose barrel sieve entrance 1 that reaches certain rotating speed through material inlet 2.The domestic waste that enters trommel screen entrance 1 is followed trommel screen and is rotated together, when domestic refuse rotation reach a certain height, domestic refuse is dished out with parabolical movement locus, falls back to the sieve end, repeat such process, make domestic refuse state in continuous rolling in cylinder.In the process of constantly rolling, particle diameter is less than the domestic refuse of sieve diameter through sieve aperture 101, drops in siftage collecting device 7, is collected and transports; Particle diameter is greater than the material of sieve aperture 101 diameters discharges from trommel screen outlet section 5, thus the screening function of the material of real Different Diameter grain.Domestic refuse is tossed drop to trommel screen at the bottom of time, the broken bag cutter 102 of installing on trommel screen entrance 1 inwall circumference will be pricked in the materials such as plastics bag, fabric, extruding by unclassified stores again, the effect such as tear, the materials such as plastics bag, clothing are scratched, thus the function that realizes broken bag, breaks fabric.Broken bag cutter 102 be shaped as rectangular pyramid shape, one lateral vertical is in broken bag cutter bottom surface.Plastics bag after broken bag, fabric etc., along with the rotation of trommel screen enters into trommel screen outlet section 5.On trommel screen outlet section 5 inwall circumferential directions, rectangular thing is installed and hangs device 501, the rectangular thing consisting of is also installed in trommel screen outlet section 5 inside collects collection device tuck chain 502,503,504.Tuck chain comprises moving part and determines part; Some tucks are installed on moving part, determine part moving part is led, tuck carries rectangular thing and moves to vertically outside trommel screen outlet section.Plastics bag after broken bag and fabric are in the process of rotating with trommel screen, to be hung device 501 by rectangular thing provokes, after reaching a certain height, be slipped on rectangular thing collection device, because rectangular thing collection device is to have the tuck that limits width, therefore only have softer rectangular class material to hang on rectangular thing collection device.The plastics that hang on rectangular thing collection device are transported to outside cylinder, thereby have realized the collection conveying function of rectangular thing.In order to prevent that broken bag cutter 102 is wound around by Plastic material in the process of broken bag, at trommel screen inwall, the clear knife system 103 for clearing up broken bag cutter is installed.Clear knife system 103 is for being equipped with the disk of scraper.On clear knife system 103, two scrapers coordinate broken bag cutter 102 with one, and two scrapers lay respectively at the both sides of a broken bag cutter 102, the direction of rotation of scraper and broken bag cutter 102.When broken bag cutter 102 turns to the position of knife system 103 scrapers clearly, the scraper of broken bag cutter both sides just gets off the Plastic garbage-cleaning being wrapped on broken bag cutter, thereby realizes clear cutter function.In order to prevent that sieve aperture 101 from being stopped up by the higher domestic refuse of water content, at the outer wall of screen drum, sieve aperture cleaning plant 6 is installed, hole cleaning device 6 coordinates with sieve aperture, when sieve aperture turns to hole cleaning device 6, hole cleaning device 6 is cleared up sieve aperture, thus the clear hole of reality function; Hole cleaning device 6 can be selected hairbrush one class hole cleaning device.
Utilize this hair to carry out broken bag and hang sub-electing rectangular plastics and yarn fabric in the two-segment cylinder sieve of domestic waste; The material that siftage collecting device 7 is collected is put into for the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber of domestic waste and is carried out selection by winnowing, and selection by winnowing goes out plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment.
Refer to shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, the pneumatic separator (for the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber of domestic waste) that the present invention is used, domestic waste enters rotary feeding air locking device 1211, the rotating paddle of rotary feeding air locking device 1211 coordinates with the housing of winnowing machine is airtight, prevents that the gas in winnowing machine from running out of from rotary feeding air locking device 1211; Domestic waste evenly falls down through breaing up cylinder 1210 and breaks up under the rotation of the rotating paddle of rotary feeding air locking device 1211; Enter the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212, blower unit 121 is by the first air compartment blast inlet 129 on 1212 tops, pipeline communication the first selection by winnowing chamber, the wind that rubbish is blown into by blower unit 121 in the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 is fallen apart and is carried out sorting for the first time, sub-elects plastics stationery and heavies; Heavies is mainly metal and bulk inorganics, its weight is larger, can be not far away by wind, directly fall into the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125(heavies drawing mechanism of the rubbish admission port below that is positioned at the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212), then through travelling belt 124, export; Fritter inorganics is blown off to the vibratory screening apparatus 126 on the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125 right sides, through vibratory screening apparatus 126, sifts out and falls into the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 123(fritter inorganics drawing mechanism) in, then through travelling belt 122, export; All the other materials enter the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218, through removal of impurities, isolate changing food waste.Tornado dust collector 1213 are connected the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 and the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218 air outlets, and the wind of removing after dust through tornado dust collector 1213 is sent into blower unit 121, realizes recycle.Heavies transport conveyer belt 124, fritter inorganics travelling belt 122, changing food waste travelling belt 1223, plastics stationery travelling belt 1220, plastics stationery travelling belt 1217 is placed in winnowing machine bottom successively.The first air compartment blast inlet 129 and the second air compartment blast inlet 1221 are right-angled trapezium cross section along air intake direction cross section, perpendicular to air intake direction, are rectangle; The high H(horizontal sides of right-angled trapezium) with isometric perpendicular to the parallel short sides A of high H; The angle of on-right angle limit and horizontal sides is 10 °-20 °, is preferably 15 °; Experiment and numerical simulation show, when the blast inlet of first, second selection by winnowing chamber is right-angled trapezium cross section, flow field, exit is stable and there is no a whirlpool.By snorting valve 127 and under meter 128, can regulate the air-out speed of the first air compartment blast inlet 129.
Adopt this structure, its principle of work and embodiment: through initial gross separation and broken rubbish, by rotary feeding air locking device 1211, enter the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212.By controlling rotary feeding air locking device 1211 rotating speeds, can effectively control inlet amount, adopt this feeder effectively to avoid leaking out simultaneously, maintain pressure-fired in winnowing machine, keep winnowing machine flow field stable.The rubbish of charging is broken up through breaing up cylinder 1210, avoids conglomeration, effectively improves selection by winnowing precision.Through breaing up after cylinder 1210 breaks up, rubbish enters flow field, selection by winnowing chamber.Under the effect of wind-force, all kinds of materials produce different transversal displacements, heavier bulk class inorganics rubbish does not substantially deflect and falls to the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125, after heavies output, can enter the magnetic separation of magnetic separation workshop and select metal species material.Simultaneously, in the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212, density is less, the plastics and the stationery that mostly are sheet are blown to selection by winnowing chamber afterbody, a part drops down onto output on travelling belt 17 after falling to the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1216, and a part is scraped and fallen to the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1216(plastics and stationery drawing mechanism by scraper plate 14) after drop down onto output on travelling belt 17.Most of intermediate material drops on the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125 right sides and is positioned on the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 middle portion vibratory screening apparatuss 126, the inorganics (as glass block, ceramic block) that the less changing food waste of density of bulk and the density of fritter are larger falls to vibratory screening apparatus front end, vibratory screening apparatus sifts out fritter inorganics to fall into the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 123(fritter inorganics drawing mechanism) in, then through travelling belt 122, export.In actual moving process, the changing food waste purity of sifting out inorganics is not high, wherein be mixed with the plastics of part conglomeration, the rigid plastics that density ratio is larger, this class material is evacuated and is opened through vibratory screening apparatus rear end vibration plate vibrates, enter the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218, the second air compartment blast inlet 1221 is positioned at the discharge port below of vibratory screening apparatus 126, its wind speed is less than the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212, changing food waste drops down onto the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1222(changing food waste near air port place) after drop down onto output on travelling belt 1223, the impurity that comprises plastics and stationery falls into the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1219(plastics and the stationery drawing mechanism away from air port) after drop down onto travelling belt 1220 and export drawing mechanism, and the plastics stationery going out with the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 selection by winnowing mixes mutually, entering next stage workshop separates.The first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 and the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218 connect tornado dust collector 1213 by pipeline 1215 air outlets, by density and particle diameter all very little dust class separate, through transfer roller, send into corresponding brickmaking workshop or carry out landfill.Exhaust flow, through fly-ash separator whereabouts blower unit 121, forms recirculating air, and whole system is in full closeding state, and non-secondary pollution, need not exhaust-gas treatment facilities.
Utilize the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber for domestic waste in the present invention selection by winnowing to go out plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment; So wherein containing plastic flakes cannot use, and need to plastic flakes wherein be isolated through further selection by winnowing, leaves the domestic refuse combustibleconstituents of waste paper and yarn fabric composition.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the composition of this shaped fuel and quality per distribution ratio are: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 70.0%, coal liquefaction residue 21.0%, calcium hydroxide 9.0%.Preparation process (2) drying temperature is 230 ℃, and preparation process (3) is stored 20 minutes, and other step is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the composition of this shaped fuel and quality per distribution ratio are: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 70.0%, coal liquefaction residue 21.0%, magnesium hydroxide 9.0%.Preparation process (2) drying temperature is 230 ℃, and preparation process (3) is stored 20 minutes, and other step is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the composition of this shaped fuel and quality per distribution ratio are: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 70.0%, coal liquefaction residue 21.0%, calcium hydroxide 6.0%, magnesium hydroxide 3.0%.Preparation process (2) drying temperature is 230 ℃, and preparation process (3) is stored 20 minutes, and other step is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the composition of this shaped fuel and quality per distribution ratio are: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 75.0%, coal liquefaction residue 16.5%, calcium hydroxide 8.5%.Preparation process (2) drying temperature is 260 ℃, and preparation process (3) is stored 25 minutes, and other step is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, the composition of this shaped fuel and quality per distribution ratio are: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 80.0%, coal liquefaction residue 12.0%, calcium hydroxide 8.0%.Preparation process (2) drying temperature is 300 ℃, and preparation process (3) is stored 30 minutes, and other step is with embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1. the shaped fuel that rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue, it is characterized in that, described shaped fuel is to be formed by domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue and sweetening agent mixture, and the quality per distribution ratio of various compositions is: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 62.0%～80.0%, coal liquefaction residue 12.0%～28.0%, sweetening agent 8.0%～10.0%;
Described coal liquefaction residue is the residue of bottle coal, long-flame coal, brown coal liquefaction generation; Described sweetening agent is a kind of or its mixture in calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide;
Described domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve, to sub-elect rectangular plastics and yarn fabric with hanging by domestic waste, then through the selection by winnowing of the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber, isolate plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment, the multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber is isolated plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment and is isolated waste paper and yarn fabric through further selection by winnowing;
Described two-segment cylinder sieve comprises fixed frame, is arranged on trommel screen and trommel screen drive unit (4) on fixed frame; Trommel screen comprises interconnective trommel screen entrance (1) and trommel screen outlet section (5); Material inlet (2) is installed on the ingress of trommel screen entrance (1), and the below of trommel screen is provided with siftage collecting device (7); On the circumferential direction of trommel screen entrance (1) and trommel screen outlet section (5), be furnished with some sieve apertures (101), trommel screen entrance (1) circumferential inner wall is provided with some broken bag cuttves (102), is provided with the clear knife system (103) matching with described broken bag cutter (102) in trommel screen entrance (1); The periphery of trommel screen entrance (1) and trommel screen outlet section (5) is provided with the hole cleaning device (6) of cleaning sieve aperture (101); Trommel screen outlet section (5) circumferential inner wall is provided with some rectangular things and hangs device (501), and the rectangular thing collection device of three row's tuck chain (502,503,504) compositions is installed in trommel screen outlet section (5);
The multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber comprises housing, is provided with the first selection by winnowing chamber, the second selection by winnowing chamber and vibratory screening apparatus in housing; The opening for feed place of housing is provided with rotary feeder; On housing, below rotary feeder, be provided with the first air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit; The first bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the first air compartment blast inlet place; The right side of the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism is provided with vibratory screening apparatus; The bottom of vibratory screening apparatus is provided with the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; The right side of vibratory screening apparatus is the second selection by winnowing chamber; The discharge port below of vibratory screening apparatus is provided with the second air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit, the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the second air compartment blast inlet place, and the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the second air compartment blast inlet place; The 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism top of the second rear portion, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the second pecten; The first selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first pecten and the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the rear portion of the first air compartment blast inlet; The first selection by winnowing chamber is connected cyclonic separator with the air outlet of the second selection by winnowing chamber by pipeline; Cyclonic separator connects blower unit by pipeline.
2. the shaped fuel that rubbish combustibleconstituents according to claim 1 mixes with coal liquefaction residue, is characterized in that, the quality per distribution ratio of various compositions is: domestic refuse combustibleconstituents 70.0%, coal liquefaction residue 21.0%, sweetening agent 9.0%.
3. a preparation method for the shaped fuel that the rubbish combustibleconstituents as described in any one in claim 1 to 2 mixes with coal liquefaction residue, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) sub-elect waste paper in domestic waste and yarn fabric as domestic refuse combustibleconstituents;
(2) domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is dried to 200～300 ℃ of drying temperatures;
(3) broken domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, 95% size that guarantees total particle number after pulverizing is below 20mm;
(4) coal liquefaction residue is crushed to below particle diameter 3mm;
(5) by proportioning by domestic refuse combustibleconstituents, coal liquefaction residue and desulphurizer mixing fully stirring, after mixing by storing material 15～30 minutes;
(6) moulding process: the material after step (5) is stored adopts forming machine extrusion molding to form the shaped fuel that rubbish combustibleconstituents mixes with coal liquefaction residue.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, after described domestic refuse combustibleconstituents is dry, water ratio is 20%; Described moulding process be temperature lower than the condition of 50 ℃ under coldmoulding; Described shaped fuel water ratio is 12%～15%.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step (1), domestic waste is sub-elected to rectangular plastics and yarn fabric through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve with hanging, then through the selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber multi-functional winnowing machine, isolate plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment, the domestic refuse combustibleconstituents of waste paper and yarn fabric composition isolated plastics, waste paper and yarn fabric fragment and isolates through further selection by winnowing by the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber.
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| CN102671854B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2014-12-24 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Two-section drum screen for municipal domestic waste |
| CN104593116B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-01-04 | 湖南大学 | Method for preparing solid formed fuel from biomass liquefaction residues |
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| CN101109503A (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2008-01-23 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Method for directly liquefying coal into oil residue used as circulating fluidized bed boiler fuel |
| CN101362976A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-02-11 | 周泽宇 | Coal producers from consumer waste regeneration |
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| JPH06185722A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-07-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of refuse solidified fuel |
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| CN101109503A (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2008-01-23 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Method for directly liquefying coal into oil residue used as circulating fluidized bed boiler fuel |
| CN101362976A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-02-11 | 周泽宇 | Coal producers from consumer waste regeneration |
| CN101886010A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-11-17 | 深圳市兖能环保科技有限公司 | Method for preparing regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage |
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