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CN101961518B - 注射装置 - Google Patents

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CN101961518B
CN101961518B CN2010105029332A CN201010502933A CN101961518B CN 101961518 B CN101961518 B CN 101961518B CN 2010105029332 A CN2010105029332 A CN 2010105029332A CN 201010502933 A CN201010502933 A CN 201010502933A CN 101961518 B CN101961518 B CN 101961518B
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蒂姆·巴罗-威廉斯
马克斯韦尔·戴维·约翰斯顿
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/20Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/20Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
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    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/20Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/206With automatic needle insertion
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/20Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/2086Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically having piston damping means, e.g. axially or rotationally acting retarders

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Abstract

注射装置(210,110),外壳(212;112)容纳注射器,并包括复位弹簧(226;126),用于将注射器从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置,在延伸位置中针(218;118)从外壳中伸出,在回缩位置中针不从外壳伸出。驱动弹簧(230;130)作用于第一驱动元件(232;132),第二驱动元件(234;134)作用于注射器,使其从回缩位置运动到延伸位置,并通过针排出其内容物。一旦到达标定脱离位置,第一驱动元件能相对于第二驱动元件运动。在第一驱动元件进一步前进到标定松开位置时启动松开机构,以使注射器(214;114)免于受驱动弹簧的作用,由此复位弹簧使注射器恢复到回缩位置。相对于注射器限定该标定脱离和松开位置。这可通过运动元件和在注射器运动时随其一起运动的脱离元件(162,262)的相互作用来实现。

Description

注射装置
本申请是申请日为2005年5月27日、国际申请号为:PCT/GB2005/002131、国家申请号为:2005800229166、名称为“注射装置”的进入中国国家阶段的国际申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及这样一种类型的注射装置:其容纳注射器,使注射器延伸,排出注射器中的内容物并使注射器自动回缩。
背景技术
在WO 95/35126和EP-A-0 516 473中显示了这样一种装置,所述装置一般采用驱动弹簧和某些形式的释放机构,所述释放机构一旦推定注射器的内容物已经被排出时解除驱动弹簧的作用,以便通过复位弹簧缩回注射器。
由于所述装置的各种组成元件的公差的叠加,一定的安全系数必须被加入释放机构的启动中,以便确保它的有效性。低估安全系数的后果就是释放机构可能甚至在注射器内容物已经排放时仍没有运行,这在尤其是用于自己注射药物的、期望能自动缩回的装置中是不能令人满意的。另一方面,过于重视安全系数意味着在注射器已经缩回后还有一些注射器内容物排放,这首先会导致剂量不足,其次会导致“湿”注射。对于尤其是自己注射药物的神经质的人来说湿注射是不期望的。
UK专利申请No.0210123、0229384和0325596描述了设计成解决该问题的一系列注射装置。每个装置均采用了简单的手段,在释放机构已经启动之后使注射器的释放延迟一段时间,试图确保注射器已经完全排放。在UK专利申请No.0325596中描述的装置采用了具有两个部分的驱动器,该驱动器采用了在确保注射器内容物的完全排放方面特别有效的流体阻尼延迟机构。在每种情况中,所述装置依赖于两个解锁机构。第一解锁机构启动流体阻尼机构,第二解锁机构使注射器从致动器松开,从而允许其缩回。通过注射装置的已经相对于装置框架前进到标定解锁位置的组成元件来启动解锁机构。
在图1中示意性地示出了具有这种总体特征的装置10。操作顺序如下。首先,准备好装置10。使用者压下释放按钮,通过驱动弹簧30使注射器14前进距离d1,由此压下回缩弹簧26。该运动将针18插入患者体内。活塞23通过驱动弹簧30前进距离d2,从而注射大部分药剂。一旦几乎所有药剂已经注射,启动第一解锁机构,通过图1和3的结合示意性地示出了操作。然后通过驱动弹簧30使活塞23前进另一个距离d3,从而注射剩余药剂。最后,启动第二解锁机构,通过图2和4的结合示意性地示出了操作,回缩弹簧26使针18回缩距离d1
由于驱动弹簧始终作用于该装置的相同组成元件(此处称为“致动器”)上,该组成元件必须在准备好的装置和启动的第二解锁机构之间运动的距离在考虑公差叠加的情况下等于d1、d2和d3之和。在上述申请中描述的装置中,整个运动在注射器后方进行,这意味着该装置的整个长度必须大于致动器、距离d1、d2和d3以及注射器主体(不包括针)的长度之和。
注射器装置的最好设计应是紧凑的。这对于装置的人机工程学和其制造成本都是很重要的。可以通过允许致动器运动经过注射器并且在注射器前方启动解锁机构来减小装置的长度。但是,这要求致动器及其解锁机构经过注射器占据的空间,因而导致该装置的直径增大,这抵消了长度的节约。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种更紧凑的装置。代替使用在装置框架上的固定点起动解锁机构的释放,本发明使用在注射器前进时随着注射器一起向前运动的更多元件中的一个起动解锁机构的释放。换句话说,相对于注射器而不是相对于装置的框架限定启动解锁机构的标定位置。如图2所示,在注射器开始前进时,这些标定位置也向前运动距离d1。这又意味着可利用距离d1减小在致动器和注射器活塞之间的初始距离。可利用在一个冲程中的距离d1减小装置的长度。在相对于注射器限定仅仅其中一个启动解锁机构的标定位置时可获得更多的适当的改进。
因此,本发明的第一个方面提供了一种注射装置,包括:
外壳,适于容纳具有排放嘴的注射器;
第一和第二驱动元件,其中第一驱动元件受致动,第二驱动元件作用于注射器,以使注射器从回缩位置前进到延伸位置,并通过排放嘴排出其内容物,在第一驱动元件受致动且第二驱动元件受注射器限制时,所述第一驱动元件可相对于第二驱动元件运动;
连接件,该连接件用于防止第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动,直到第一和第二驱动元件已经相对于注射器前进到标定脱离位置。
在该情形中,所述标定脱离位置、也就是第一标定解锁位置是相对于注射器而不是相对于外壳限定的。
优选的是,该装置包括:
致动器,其作用于第一驱动元件;
将注射器从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置的部件,在所述延伸位置中排放嘴从外壳中伸出,在所述回缩位置中排放嘴容纳在外壳中;
释放机构,其在所述第一驱动元件已经前进到比所述标定脱离位置更靠前的标定松开位置时启动,并且适于使注射器免于受致动器的动作,由此偏压部件使注射器恢复到其回缩位置。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,通过与脱离元件相互作用的驱动元件之一限定所述标定脱离位置,其中所述脱离元件在注射器前进时与其一起运动。
为了便于制造和组装,连接件可包括位于其中一个驱动元件上的柔性臂,该柔性臂可与位于另一个驱动元件上的驱动表面接合,在该情形中,在到达所述标定脱离位置时脱离元件使柔性臂运动,由此使它们与驱动表面脱离接合,从而允许第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动。
本发明的第二个方面提供了一种注射装置,其包括:
外壳,适于容纳具有排放嘴的注射器,所述外壳包括将注射器从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置的部件,在所述延伸位置中排放嘴从外壳中伸出,在所述回缩位置中排放嘴容纳在外壳中;
第一和第二驱动元件,其中第一驱动元件受致动,第二驱动元件作用于注射器,以使注射器从回缩位置运动到延伸位置,并通过排放嘴排出其内容物,在第一驱动元件受致动且第二驱动元件受注射器限制时,所述第一驱动元件可相对于第二驱动元件运动;
连接件,该连接件用于防止第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动,直到第一和第二驱动元件已经前进到标定脱离位置;以及
释放机构,其在所述第一驱动元件已经相对于注射器前进到比所述标定脱离位置更靠前的标定松开位置时启动,并且适于松开注射器,由此偏压部件使注射器恢复到其回缩位置。
此处,所述标定松开位置、也就是第二标定解锁位置是相对于注射器而不是相对于外壳限定的。
同样,在优选实施方式中,通过与脱离元件相互作用的致动器或者第一驱动元件限定所述标定松开位置,其中所述脱离元件在注射器前进时与其一起运动。一旦已经到达所述标定脱离位置,所述标定松开位置可以通过与第一驱动元件相互作用的致动器限定,在该位置处,通过注射器限制第一驱动元件的进一步运动。
同样,为了便于制造和组装,致动器和第一驱动元件其中之一优选地包括第二柔性臂,该第二柔性臂可与位于致动器和第一驱动元件中的另一个上的第二驱动表面接合,并且释放机构优选地包括脱离元件,在到达所述标定松开位置时使第二柔性臂运动,由此使它们与驱动表面脱离接合。
可选的是,致动器和第一驱动元件其中之一优选地包括第二柔性臂,该第二柔性臂可与位于致动器和第一驱动元件中的另一个上的第二驱动表面接合,从而允许致动器作用于第一驱动元件,并防止致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动,直到已经到达标定松开位置,优选的是,向着如下位置偏压第二柔性臂,在该位置处,第二柔性臂与第二驱动表面接合并且所述释放机构优选地使它们抵抗偏压进行运动,由此使它们与驱动表面脱离接合。
附图说明
将参照附图借助例子对本发明进行描述,其中:
图1和2是示出了参考文献的示意性视图;
图3是本发明的第一实施方式的视图;以及
图4是本发明的第二实施方式的视图。
具体实施方式
图3示出了注射装置110,其中外壳112容纳有皮下注射器114。所述注射器114为传统类型,并包括一端终止于皮下注射针118、另一端终止于凸缘120的注射器主体116。通常用于手动排放注射器114中的内容物的传统活塞被除去,并用驱动元件134替代,如下所述,塞子122连接到该驱动元件134。塞子122将待注射的药物124限制在注射器主体116内。尽管所示出的注射器为皮下类型,但并非必须如此。经皮或者射皮(ballistic dermal)和皮下注射器都可以和本发明的注射装置一起使用。通常,注射器必须包括排放嘴,在皮下注射器中是针118。
如图所示,外壳包括复位弹簧126,该复位弹簧126将注射器114从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置,在所述延伸位置中,针118从外壳212中的窗孔128伸出,在所述回缩位置中,排放嘴118被容纳在外壳112中。复位弹簧126借助套筒127作用于注射器114上。
外壳的另一端是压缩驱动弹簧130。驱动弹簧130的驱动借助多构件驱动器传递到注射器114,使其从回缩位置行进到延伸位置并通过针118排出其中的内容物。驱动器通过直接作用于药物124和注射器114来完成该任务。经药物124作用的静水压力以及塞子122和注射器主体116之间的程度更小的静摩擦力最初确保了它们一起行进,直到复位弹簧126降到最低点或者注射器主体116遇到阻碍其运动的其它障碍。
驱动弹簧130和注射器114之间的多构件驱动器包括三个主要构件。驱动套筒131由驱动弹簧130驱动并将这种驱动传递到第一驱动元件132上的柔性闩锁臂133。这又经柔性闩锁臂135传递到第二驱动元件,该第二驱动元件134已提到过。
第一驱动元件132包括中空的杆140,其内腔形成收集室142,该收集室142与从收集室延伸穿过杆140的端部的孔144连通。第二驱动元件134包括盲膛孔146,其一端开放以容纳杆140,另一端封闭。如图所示,膛孔146和杆140限定了流体容器148,在其中容纳有减振液。
在外壳112的另一侧设置触发器(未显示)。当操作时该触发器用于使驱动套筒131与外壳112脱离,允许其在驱动弹簧130的作用下相对于外壳112运动。所述装置的操作如下。
最初,驱动弹簧130使驱动套筒131运动,驱动套筒131使第一驱动元件132运动,第一驱动元件132使第二驱动元件134运动,在这些情况下都是通过经柔性闩锁臂133、135作用。第二驱动元件134和塞子122运动,并借助于经过待注射的药物124作用的静摩擦力和静水压力抵抗复位弹簧126的动作使注射器主体116运动。复位弹簧126压缩并且皮下注射针118从外壳112的排出窗孔128显现。这一直持续到复位弹簧126降到最低点或者注射器主体116遇到阻碍其运动的其它障碍。因为塞子122和注射器主体116之间的静摩擦力和经过待注射的药物124作用的静水压力不足以抵抗由驱动弹簧130产生的全部驱动力,在该点,第二驱动元件134开始在注射器主体116中运动,药物124开始被排出。但是,塞子122和注射器主体116之间的动摩擦力和经过待注射的药物124作用的静水压力足以将复位弹簧126保持在其压缩状态,于是皮下注射针118保持被延伸。
在第二驱动元件134到达其在注射器主体116中的行程末端之前,也就是在注射器中的内容物完全排出之前,连接第一和第二驱动元件132、134的柔性闩锁臂135到达变窄部分137。变窄部分137由连接到注射器凸缘120的元件162形成,可以理解,当注射器114从其回缩位置前进到延伸位置时,元件162随其一起运动。变窄部分137在其上的两个倾斜表面的帮助下使柔性闩锁臂135从显示的位置向内运动到它们不再将第一驱动元件136和第二驱动元件134连接在一起的位置。一旦这种情况发生,第一驱动元件136不再作用于第二驱动元件134,允许第一驱动元件132相对于第二驱动元件134运动。
因为减振液包含在位于第一驱动元件132的端部和第二驱动元件134的盲膛孔146之间的容器148中,随着当驱动弹簧130作用在第一驱动元件132时第一驱动元件132相对于第二驱动元件134运动,容器148的容积将减小。当容器148收缩时,减振液被迫通过孔144进入收集室142中。因此,一旦柔性闩锁臂135已被释放,由驱动弹簧130施加的力不再作用于减振液,导致其流动穿过由孔144形成的变窄部分,并且还通过流体的静水压力驱动第二驱动元件134。与减振液流动有关的损耗不使作用在注射器主体上的力在很大程度上衰减。因此,复位弹簧126保持被压缩,皮下注射针118保持延伸。
过一段时间之后,第二驱动元件134完成在注射器主体116中的行进并不再前进。在该处,注射器114的内容物被完全排出,由驱动弹簧130施加的力用于将第二驱动元件134保持在其终止位置并持续使减振液流动穿过孔144,允许第一驱动元件132继续其运动。
在容器148中的流体耗尽之前,连接驱动套筒131与第一驱动元件132的柔性闩锁臂133到达另一个变窄部分139,该变窄部分139也是由连接到注射器凸缘120的元件162形成的。通过在该变窄部分139上的倾斜表面的帮助,该变窄部分139使柔性闩锁臂133从显示的位置向内运动到它们不再将驱动套筒131与第一驱动元件132连接在一起的位置。一旦这种情况发生,驱动套筒131就不再作用于第一驱动元件132,允许它们彼此相对运动。当然,在这一点,注射器114被释放,这是因为由驱动弹簧130产生的力不再被传递到注射器114,作用在注射器上的力仅仅是来自复位弹簧126的回复力。因此,注射器114返回到其回缩位置,注射循环完成。
当然,只有在一旦已经将帽111从外壳112上移除时所有这些才会发生。从图3可见,注射器的端部由保护罩123密封。帽111的中央凸起121在端部是中空的,并且中空端部的唇缘125在其前缘157处倾斜,而在其后缘不倾斜。这样,在安装帽111时,唇缘125的前缘157置于保护罩123的肩部159上方。但是,在将帽111移除时,唇缘125的后缘将不会置于肩部159上方,这意味着在将帽111移除时保护罩123从注射器114上脱去。
图4示出了另一个注射装置210,其中外壳212含有皮下注射器214。注射器214仍是传统类型,包括一端终止于皮下注射针218、另一端终止于凸缘220的注射器主体216,还包括将待注射的药物224约束在注射器主体216中的橡胶塞222。通常与塞子222连接并用于手动排放注射器214中的内容物的传统活塞被除去,并用将在下面描述的多构件驱动器元件替代。尽管所示出的注射器仍为皮下类型,但不必如此。如图所示,外壳包括复位弹簧226,该复位弹簧226将注射器214从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置,在所述延伸位置中注射针218从外壳212中的窗孔228伸出,在所述回缩位置中皮下针218被容纳在外壳212中。复位弹簧226经套筒227作用于注射器214上。
外壳的另一端是压缩驱动弹簧230。驱动弹簧230的驱动借助多构件驱动器传递到注射器214,使其从回缩位置行进到延伸位置并通过针218排出其中的内容物。驱动器通过直接作用于药物224和注射器214来完成该任务。塞子222和注射器主体216之间的静摩擦力最初确保了它们一起行进,直到复位弹簧226降到最低点或者注射器主体216遇到阻碍其运动的其它障碍。
驱动弹簧230和注射器214之间的多构件驱动器包括三个主要构件。驱动套筒231由驱动弹簧230驱动并将这种驱动传递到第一驱动元件232上的柔性闩锁臂233。这些元件显示为“A”。第一驱动元件232又经柔性闩锁臂235将驱动传递到第二驱动元件234。这些元件显示为“B”。以前,第一驱动元件232包括中空的杆240,其内腔形成收集室242。第二驱动元件234包括盲端246,其一端开放以容纳杆240,另一端封闭。如图所示,膛孔246和杆240限定了流体容器248,在其中容纳有减振液。
在外壳212中部设置上述触发器(未示出),当操作时用于使驱动套筒231与外壳212脱离,允许其在驱动弹簧230的作用下相对于外壳212运动。所述装置的操作如下。
最初,驱动弹簧230使驱动套筒231运动,驱动套筒231使第一驱动元件232运动,第一驱动元件232使第二驱动元件234运动,在这些情况下都是通过经柔性配合臂233、235的作用。第二驱动元件234运动,并借助于经过待注射的药物224作用的静摩擦力和静水压力抵抗复位弹簧226的动作使注射器主体216运动。复位弹簧226压缩并且皮下注射针218从外壳212的排出窗孔228显现。这一直持续到复位弹簧226降到最低点或者注射器主体216遇到阻碍其运动的其它障碍。因为塞子222和注射器主体216之间的静摩擦力和经过待注射的药物224作用的静水压力不足以抵抗由驱动弹簧230产生的全部驱动力,在该点,第二驱动元件234开始在注射器主体216中运动,药物224开始被排出。但是,塞子222和注射器主体216之间的动摩擦力和经过待注射的药物224作用的静水压力足以将复位弹簧226保持在其压缩状态,于是皮下注射针218保持被延伸。
在第二驱动元件234到达其在注射器主体216中的行程末端之前,也就是在注射器中的内容物完全排出之前,连接第一和第二驱动元件232、234的柔性闩锁臂235到达变窄部分237。变窄部分237由元件262形成,该元件262连接到注射器承载器。附加的柔性臂247位于第一驱动元件232上的柔性臂235上,通过这种设置将驱动传递到第二驱动元件234。图4示出了在附加柔性臂247刚好与元件262中的变窄部分237接触的位置处的注射装置210。
变窄部分237在两个倾斜表面的帮助下使附加柔性臂247向内运动,附加柔性臂247又使柔性臂235从显示的位置向内运动,在该位置,它们不再将第一和第二驱动元件连接在一起,借助这种运动将驱动从第一驱动元件232传递到第二驱动元件234。一旦这种情况发生,第一驱动元件232不再作用于第二驱动元件234,允许第一驱动元件232相对于第二驱动元件234运动。
因为减振液包含在位于第一驱动元件232的端部和第二驱动元件234的盲膛孔246之间的容器248中,随着当驱动弹簧230作用在第一驱动元件232时第一驱动元件232相对于第二驱动元件234运动,容器248的容积将减小。当容器248收缩时,减振液被迫进入收集室242中。因此,一旦柔性闩锁臂235被释放,由驱动弹簧230施加的力不再作用于减振液,导致其流进收集室242中,并且还通过流体的静水压力起作用,并由此通过第二驱动元件234作用。与减振液流动有关的损耗不使作用在注射器主体上的力在很大程度上衰减。因此,复位弹簧226保持被压缩,皮下注射针保持延伸。
过一段时间之后,第二驱动元件234完成在注射器主体216中的行进并不再前进。在该处,注射器214的内容物被完全排出,由驱动弹簧230施加的力用于将第二驱动元件234保持在其终止位置并持续引起减振液流进收集室142中,允许第一驱动元件232继续其运动。
位于第二驱动元件234后部上的凸缘270通常保持柔性臂233与驱动套筒231的接合。但是,在容器248中的流体耗尽之前,连接驱动套筒231与第一驱动元件232的柔性闩锁臂233相对于第二驱动元件234向前运动到足够远,使凸缘270与柔性臂233中的槽口272对准,于是其停止,有效地保持柔性臂233与驱动套筒231的接合。现在,在柔性臂233上的倾斜闩锁表面274的帮助下,驱动套筒231使柔性闩锁臂233从显示的位置向内运动到它们不再将驱动套筒231与第一驱动元件232连接在一起的位置。一旦这种情况发生,驱动套筒231就不再作用于第一驱动元件232,允许它们彼此相对运动。当然,在这一点,注射器214被释放,这是因为由驱动弹簧230产生的力不再被传递到注射器214,作用在注射器上的力仅仅是来自复位弹簧226的回复力。因此,注射器214现在返回到其回缩位置,注射循环完成。

Claims (20)

1.一种注射装置,包括:
外壳,适于容纳具有排放嘴的注射器;
第一和第二驱动元件,其中第一驱动元件受致动,第二驱动元件作用于注射器,以使注射器从回缩位置前进到延伸位置,并通过排放嘴排出其内容物,在第一驱动元件受致动且第二驱动元件受注射器限制时,所述第一驱动元件可相对于第二驱动元件沿注射器的推进方向运动;以及
连接件,该连接件用于防止第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动,直到第一和第二驱动元件已经相对于注射器前进到标定脱离位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,包括:
致动器,其作用于第一驱动元件;
将注射器从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置的部件,在所述延伸位置中排放嘴从外壳中伸出,在所述回缩位置中排放嘴容纳在外壳中;
释放机构,其在所述第一驱动元件已经前进到比所述标定脱离位置更靠前的标定松开位置时启动,并且使注射器免于受致动器的动作,由此偏压部件使注射器恢复到其回缩位置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的注射装置,其中,通过与脱离元件相互作用的第一和第二驱动元件之一限定所述标定脱离位置,其中所述脱离元件在注射器前进时与其一起运动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述连接件包括允许第一驱动元件作用于第二驱动元件的第一和第二驱动元件的协作元件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的注射装置,其中,所述协作元件包括位于第一和第二驱动元件中的一个上的柔性臂,该柔性臂可与位于第一和第二驱动元件中的另一个上的驱动表面接合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置,其中,所述连接件包括脱离机构,其在所述第一和第二驱动元件已经前进到所述标定脱离位置时启动,并且适于使第一驱动元件脱离第二驱动元件,由此允许第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动。
7.根据权利要求3所述的注射装置,其中,
所述连接件包括位于第一和第二驱动元件中的一个上的柔性臂,该柔性臂与位于第一和第二驱动元件中的另一个上的驱动表面接合;以及
在到达所述标定脱离位置时所述脱离元件使柔性臂运动,由此使柔性臂与驱动表面脱离接合,从而允许第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动。
8.根据权利要求4所述的注射装置,其中,
所述协作元件包括位于第一和第二驱动元件中的一个上的柔性臂,该柔性臂与第一和第二驱动元件中的另一个上的驱动表面接合;以及
在到达所述标定脱离位置时所述脱离元件通过作用于中间元件使柔性臂运动,由此使柔性臂与驱动表面脱离接合,从而允许第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动。
9.根据权利要求8所述的注射装置,其中,所述中间元件是第一和第二驱动元件中形成所述驱动表面的一个的柔性元件。
10.根据权利要求5、7和8中任一项所述的注射装置,其中,向着如下位置偏压柔性臂,在该位置处,柔性臂与驱动表面接合并且所述脱离元件使柔性臂抵抗偏压进行运动,由此使柔性臂与驱动表面脱离接合。
11.根据权利要求2所述的注射装置,其中,在所述第一驱动元件已经前进到相对于注射器的标定松开位置时启动所述释放机构。
12.一种注射装置,包括:
外壳,适于容纳具有排放嘴的注射器,所述外壳包括将注射器从延伸位置偏压到回缩位置的部件,在所述延伸位置中排放嘴从外壳中伸出,在所述回缩位置中排放嘴容纳在外壳中;
第一和第二驱动元件,其中第一驱动元件受致动,第二驱动元件作用于注射器,以使注射器从回缩位置运动到延伸位置,并通过排放嘴排出其内容物,在第一驱动元件受致动且第二驱动元件受注射器限制时,所述第一驱动元件可相对于第二驱动元件沿注射器的推进方向运动;
连接件,该连接件用于防止第一驱动元件相对于第二驱动元件运动,直到第一和第二驱动元件已经前进到标定脱离位置;以及
释放机构,其在所述第一驱动元件已经相对于注射器前进到比所述标定脱离位置更靠前的标定松开位置时启动,并且适于松开注射器,由此偏压部件使注射器恢复到其回缩位置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的注射装置,其中,通过与脱离元件相互作用的第一驱动元件或者作用于第一驱动元件的致动器限定所述标定松开位置,其中所述脱离元件在注射器前进时与其一起运动。
14.根据权利要求12所述的注射装置,其中,一旦已经到达所述标定脱离位置,所述标定松开位置由与第一驱动元件相互作用的致动器限定。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的注射装置,其中,所述释放机构适于一旦已经到达所述标定松开位置时使第一驱动元件与致动器脱离接合,由此使注射器免于承受致动器的动作。
16.根据权利要求13或14所述的注射装置,其中,还包括在致动器和第一驱动元件之间的第二连接件,其用于防止致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动,直到已经到达标定松开位置。
17.根据权利要求16所述的注射装置,其中,所述第二连接件包括致动器和第一驱动元件的协作元件,以允许致动器作用于第一驱动元件。
18.根据权利要求17所述的注射装置,其中,
所述致动器和第一驱动元件的协作元件包括位于致动器和第一驱动元件之一上的第二柔性臂,该第二柔性臂与位于致动器和第一驱动元件中的另一个上的第二驱动表面接合;以及
所述释放机构包括脱离元件,在到达所述标定松开位置时该脱离元件使第二柔性臂运动,由此使第二柔性臂与第二驱动表面脱离接合,从而允许致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动。
19.根据权利要求13所述的注射装置,其中,
所述致动器和第一驱动元件的其中一个包括第二柔性臂,该第二柔性臂与位于致动器和第一驱动元件中的另一个上的第二驱动表面接合,允许致动器作用于第一驱动元件,并防止致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动,直到已经到达标定松开位置;以及
所述释放机构包括所述脱离元件,在到达所述标定松开位置时该脱离元件使第二柔性臂运动,由此使第二柔性臂与第二驱动表面脱离接合,从而允许致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动。
20.根据权利要求14所述的注射装置,其中,
所述致动器和第一驱动元件的其中一个包括第二柔性臂,该第二柔性臂与位于致动器和第一驱动元件中的另一个上的第二驱动表面接合,允许致动器作用于第一驱动元件,并防止致动器相对于第一驱动元件运动,直到已经到达标定松开位置;以及
向着如下位置偏压第二柔性臂,在该位置处,第二柔性臂与第二驱动表面接合并且所述脱离元件使第二柔性臂抵抗偏压进行运动,由此使第二柔性臂与第二驱动表面脱离接合。
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