CN101874447A - The method of growing seedlings with root plum root - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant vegetative propagation, and in particular relates to a method for growing seedlings by root cuttings. The invention overcomes the problems of root callus rot, low rooting rate, low survival rate, tender and weak seedlings easily dehydrated and wilted. The seedling hardening in the process strengthens the growth, development and rejuvenation of roots, stems, and leaves in the process of cutting seedlings, significantly improves the survival rate of its field colonization, and lays a solid foundation for the cultivation and promotion of characteristic forest fruit and berry seedlings.

Description

The method of growing seedlings with root plum root

1. Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant vegetative propagation, and in particular relates to a method for growing seedlings by root cuttings.

2. Background technology

Prunus maritima is a sandy shrub fruit tree native to the Atlantic coast of the United States, from Newfoundland to North Carolina. It can adapt and survive in the environment of drought (including very low soil moisture content), barrenness, strong wind, sand blowing, unstable substrate and high salinity. It has sweet and delicious fruits, and has the characteristics of beautifying the environment and restoring sandy vegetation . In the development of salt-tolerant orchard industry in seashore and other saline soil areas, Lime plum will be the first pioneer species to bear the brunt. It has been successfully introduced in China, but the bottleneck of propagule supply has greatly restricted its promotion and cultivation in my country. The research team led by Nanjing University has made remarkable progress in the breeding of cell engineering seedlings, but there are still problems such as high cost and low survival rate of tissue culture seedlings in the field. Therefore, large-scale breeding through low-cost and easy-to-operate cutting technology is undoubtedly another bright road. However, in the process of using hard branches or tender branches for cuttings, typical problems such as root callus rot, low rooting rate, low survival rate, and tender seedlings are easy to lose water and wilt often occur, and the process management is extremely strict. The operation is difficult. Therefore, the selection of the best cutting species, selection time and method, preparation of suitable substrate, selection of post-planting management and seedling hardening methods, simplification of seedling raising procedures and management methods, can affect the healthy growth of callus, rooting rate, The improvement of survival rate, the robust growth of seedlings and the promotion of seedling raising methods are very important. The optimization and integration of related factors is the key to the success of cutting technology.

3. Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the problems of root callus rot, low rooting rate, low survival rate, tender and weak seedling body, easy dehydration and wilting, and low transplanting survival rate of the cuttage seedlings of japonica.

The specific technical scheme of the present invention is: the present invention is aimed at the characteristics and biological characteristics of the berry and the callus easy to rot in the cutting process, the rooting rate is low, the survival rate is low, the seedling body is relatively tender and weak, and it is easy to lose water and wilt and grow seedlings. In order to solve the problem of a long cycle, we invented the method of "selecting roots → cutting roots → accelerating germination → liquid preparation and treatment → seedbed arrangement → cutting and post-planting management → spraying liquid and nutrient solution → dividing roots to harden seedlings and transplanting" Megan plugging method. In the process of root cutting of Lime plum, the problems of root callus rot, low rooting rate and low survival rate are solved, the supply conditions of water and nutrients (especially nitrogen and phosphorus) are improved, and the root, stem, and The growth and rejuvenation of the leaves significantly improved its survival rate, and laid a solid foundation for the cultivation and promotion of the characteristic Linguo binmei seedlings.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

① The best time and precautions for root selection.

②Cut roots and corresponding treatment methods

③ Germination and corresponding treatment methods

④Screening of hormone types, determination of concentration, optimal combination and processing time

⑤Slotting arrangement

⑥ Cutting and post-cutting management (water control, temperature control, light control, etc.)

⑦The method of hardening seedlings by dividing roots

The present invention compares with prior art, and its beneficial effect is:

Root cutting seedling cultivation is easy to operate, has high reproduction coefficient, low cost and can maintain parental traits. During the cutting process of hardwood or tenderwood, the typical problems that often occur in the cutting process of berry are: the root callus of cutting seedlings rots, the rooting rate is low, the survival rate is low, and the seedlings are weak and easy to lose water and wilt. Using the invention can effectively solve the above problems, significantly improve the survival rate, and the seedlings have strong stress resistance. The innovations of the present invention mainly contain the following points: 1. the selection time of the cutting species and the method of cutting the roots; 2. germination and corresponding treatment methods; Using the present invention, the survival rate of the root-cutting seedlings can reach more than 86%, and the survival rate of transplanting in the field can reach more than 95%, so as to truly realize the advantages of asexual and rapid propagation of the plum seedlings, and provide a reliable guarantee for its large-scale popularization and cultivation.

4. Specific implementation

①Selection of roots: From early December to early January, dig out 0.5-1cm thick roots with fibrous roots from the edge of the root cap as seed roots. It takes a long time to collect a large number of seed roots. Do not expose them to the sun for a long time and store them in a cool place ;

②Cutting off the seed roots: The seed roots picked up in the field are immediately cut into 15cm long cuttings, the big head is cut into a flat mouth, and the small head is obliquely cut, and the split root, damage and parts of diseases and insect pests are removed. One bundle, soaked in 800ppm carbendazim solution for 20s;

③ Germination: In the high and dry land, dig a ditch with a depth of 80 cm and a width of 100 cm. First, spread 20 cm of clean wet river sand on the bottom of the ditch. Put in fine sand, one layer of sand and one layer of roots, put it at a distance of 15cm from the mouth of the ditch, cover it with fine sand, then cover it with soil, cultivate it into a mound, cover it with plastic film for winter storage and germination;

④ Solution preparation and treatment: Mix the indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid solutions in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the final concentration of each in the mixed solution is 1000ppm. Take out the root cuttings in March, use the quick dipping method at the base, use the above mixed solution to treat for 10 seconds, then soak the cuts with activated carbon and wait for cuttings;

⑤ Seedbed finishing: the seedbed is set in the greenhouse, the bottom of the slotting bed is paved with 10cm thick pebbles, the upper part is covered with 30cm thick fine river sand, and the slotting bed is equipped with an automatic spraying device;

⑥ Cuttings and post-planting management: Cuttings of seed roots treated with liquid medicine, cuttings soaked with activated carbon on the incisions are immediately inserted into the bed, and placed in the sand bed at a distance of 30cm×30cm, inclined at 30°, the top is level with the sand surface, and the humidity of the bed is kept At 30% to 40%, adjust the automatic spray device to the first level in the evening, automatically control the water spray time, spray water once every three days, and the water spray duration is based on the water droplets oozing out after the sand is tightly pressed, generally 60s, at least The sunshade net controls the light, sees astigmatism within 3 days after planting, gradually sees direct light after 2 weeks, shading at noon, and sees light all day after 30 days. When the air temperature is higher than 25°C, it can be sprayed or ventilated to cool down. Spray carbendazim 1000ppm liquid medicine or thiophanate-methyl 800ppm liquid medicine once every 7 days after cutting, alternately. , spray nutrient solution, see Table 1, nutrient solution and spray carbendazim liquid at the same time, spray 1 time every 7d.

⑦ Root hardening and transplanting: About 40 days after planting, the root cuttings will grow out one after another. When the seedling height is 10cm, choose 1-3 strong buds with reasonable orientation as the main trunk; According to the number and position of the main trunk, the corresponding root system is allocated, and the new root wound is soaked with activated carbon, and then the seedlings are moved to the pot to harden; , the seedling hardening substrate is 2 volumes of peat and 1 volume of mellow soil mixture, inoculate 20g per pot, the pot diameter of the inoculated pot is 13cm, and the pot height is 13cm; The elixir liquid, spray the nutrient solution once a week, see Table 1, control the amount of water, and gradually reduce the amount of water, spraying water once a night, the spraying time is 60s, and can be planted in the field after 90 days. Place the seedling pots in the open air for 1 week.

Table 1 nutrient solution composition ratio

Element Dose (g/L) Element Dose (g/L) 1 KH2PO ₄ 0.16 7 Ferric Citrate 0.03 2 KNO ₃ 0.51 8 ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O 0.28 3 Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ 0.80 9 CuSO ₄ 5H ₂ O 0.08 4 _MgSO4 0.49 10 H ₂ MO ₄ ·H ₂ O 0.04 5 H ₃ BO ₃ 2.86 6 MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O 1.81

Claims (1)

1. a method for growing seedlings by root-cutting, is characterized in that it is composed of the following steps: ①Selection of roots: From early December to early January, dig out 0.5-1cm thick roots with fibrous roots from the edge of the root cap as seed roots. It takes a long time to collect a large number of seed roots. Do not expose them to the sun for a long time and store them in a cool place ; ②Cutting off the seed roots: The seed roots picked up in the field are immediately cut into 15cm long cuttings, the big head is cut into a flat mouth, and the small head is obliquely cut, and the split root, damage and parts of diseases and insect pests are removed. One bundle, soaked in 800ppm carbendazim solution for 20s; ③Pregermination: In the high and dry land, dig a ditch with a depth of 80cm and a width of 100cm, spread 20cm of clean wet river sand on the bottom of the ditch, stand the roots on the sand, with the big end up and the small end down, and fill the bales with Fine sand, one layer of sand and one layer of roots, placed at a distance of 15cm from the mouth of the ditch, covered with fine sand, then covered with soil, cultivated into a mound, covered with plastic film for winter storage and germination; ④ Solution preparation and treatment: Mix indolebutyric acid and naphthalene acetic acid solution in a volume ratio of 1:1. The final concentration of each in the mixed solution is 1000ppm. Take out the cuttings of the seed root in March, and use the above-mentioned mixed solution for the base. Treat for 10 seconds, then soak the incision with activated carbon and wait for insertion; ⑤ Seedbed finishing: the seedbed is set in the greenhouse, the bottom of the slotting bed is paved with 10cm thick pebbles, the upper part is covered with 30cm thick fine river sand, and the slotting bed is equipped with an automatic spraying device; ⑥ Cuttings and post-planting management: Cuttings of seed roots treated with liquid medicine, cuttings soaked with activated carbon on the incisions are immediately inserted into the bed, and placed in the sand bed at a distance of 30cm×30cm, inclined at 30°, the top is level with the sand surface, and the humidity of the bed is kept At 30% to 40%, adjust the automatic spray device to the first level in the evening, automatically control the water spray time, spray water once every three days, and the water spray duration is based on the water droplets oozing out after the sand is tightly pressed, generally 60s, at least The sunshade net controls the light, sees astigmatism within 3 days after planting, gradually sees direct light after 2 weeks, shading at noon, and sees light all day after 30 days. When the air temperature is higher than 25°C, it can be sprayed or ventilated to cool down. Spray carbendazim 1000ppm liquid medicine or thiophanate-methyl 800ppm liquid medicine once every 7 days after cutting, alternately. , spray nutrient solution, nutrient solution and spray carbendazim liquid at the same time, spray once every 7 days; ⑦ Root hardening and transplanting: About 40 days after planting, the root cuttings will grow out one after another. When the seedling height is 10cm, choose 1-3 strong buds with reasonable orientation as the main trunk; According to the number and position of the main trunk, the corresponding root system is allocated, and the new root wound is soaked with activated carbon, and then the seedlings are moved to the pot to harden; , the seedling hardening substrate is 2 volumes of peat and 1 volume of mellow soil mixture, inoculate 20g per pot, the pot diameter of the inoculated pot is 13cm, and the pot height is 13cm; The elixir liquid, spray the nutrient solution once a week, control the amount of water, and gradually reduce the amount of water based on the fact that the leaves do not lose water, spray water once every night, and the water spray time is 60s. After 90 days, it can be planted in the field. Plant the seedlings one week before planting. The pots are placed in the open air.