CN108437589A - 一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料 - Google Patents
一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,包括自上而下设置的第一面料层、第二面料层、第三面料层以及第四面料层,所述第一面料层由聚酯纤维和聚苯砜酰胺纤维混纺编织而成,所述第二面料层由聚酰亚胺纤维和维纶纤维混纺编织而成,所述第三面料层由聚苯胺导电涤纶纤维和聚丙烯纤维混纺编织而成,所述第四面料层由罗布麻纤维和香蕉茎纤维混纺编织而成;第一面料层中所述的聚酯纤维为一种抗菌聚酯纤维,其形成过程为:首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维;按照重量百分比包括:抗菌剂Ⅰ0.5~0.7wt.%、抗菌剂Ⅱ0.9~1.1wt.%、聚酯纤维余量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及窗帘面料技术领域,尤其涉及一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料。
背景技术
随着科学技术的不断发展,满足人们不同需要的纺织品纤维层出不穷,以满足消费者的需求,在人们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
随着产业的不断发展,纤维的市场也在不断扩大,但是纤维大多都效果较为单一,制成的面料除了穿着美观外基本不具备其他功能,导致面料的实用性大大降低。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,以解决上述提出问题。
本发明的实施例中提供了一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,包括自上而下设置的第一面料层、第二面料层、第三面料层以及第四面料层,所述第一面料层由聚酯纤维和聚苯砜酰胺纤维混纺编织而成,所述第二面料层由聚酰亚胺纤维和维纶纤维混纺编织而成,所述第三面料层由聚苯胺导电涤纶纤维和聚丙烯纤维混纺编织而成,所述第四面料层由罗布麻纤维和香蕉茎纤维混纺编织而成;
第一面料层中所述的聚酯纤维为一种抗菌聚酯纤维,其形成过程为:首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维;按照重量百分比包括:抗菌剂Ⅰ0.5~0.7wt.%、抗菌剂Ⅱ0.9~1.1wt.%、聚酯纤维余量。
本发明的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果:
本发明采用多层结构复合而成,具有强度高、耐高温性好、防辐射性好、防静电性好、悬垂性好的特点。
本发明附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。应当理解的是,以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的,并不能限制本发明。
附图说明
利用附图对本发明作进一步说明,但附图中的实施例不构成对本发明的任何限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据以下附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本发明实施方式中所述面料的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明,其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时,除非另有表示,不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本发明相一致的所有实施方式。相反,它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本发明的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
本发明的实施例涉及一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,结合图1,包括自上而下设置的第一面料层1、第二面料层2、第三面料层3以及第四面料层4,所述第一面料层1由聚酯纤维和聚苯砜酰胺纤维混纺编织而成,所述第二面料层2由聚酰亚胺纤维和维纶纤维混纺编织而成,所述第三面料层3由聚苯胺导电涤纶纤维和聚丙烯纤维混纺编织而成,所述第四面料层4由罗布麻纤维和香蕉茎纤维混纺编织而成。
所述第一面料层1中各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述聚酯纤维占46份,所述聚苯砜酰胺纤维占23份;
所述第二面料层中2各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述聚酰亚胺纤维占51份,所述维纶纤维占33份;
所述第三面料层中3各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述聚苯胺导电涤纶纤维占11份,所述聚丙烯纤维占61份;
所述第四面料层4中各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述罗布麻纤维占47份,所述香蕉茎纤维占47份。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中,所述第一面料层1、第二面料层2、第三面料层3以及第四面料层4采用缝制的方法连接在一起。
本发明采用多层结构复合而成,具有强度高、耐高温性好、防辐射性好、防静电性好、悬垂性好的特点。
一种实施方式为,第一面料层1中所述的聚酯纤维为一种抗菌聚酯纤维,其形成过程为:首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维。
无机抗菌剂主要分为两种类型:金属离子型和氧化物型;此外,纳米级别的无机抗菌剂由于粒子比表面积增大可以更好的吸附微生物,因此具有更好的抗菌效果。抗菌材料是指通过添加少量化学物质,使得材料具有抗菌性能的一类功能性材料,其抗菌材料包括天然抗菌剂、有机抗菌剂、无机抗菌剂。其中,无机抗菌剂具有无机成分稳定性、抗菌广谱、化学稳定性好、耐洗性能好、抗菌效果持久、热稳定性好等优点。针对聚酯纤维的特定用途,无机抗菌剂型聚酯纤维已经成为聚酯纤维的研究重点。基于如上背景,本发明技术方案中,通过对抗菌剂进行改性,将抗菌剂与PET切片共混,然后再熔融纺丝得到抗菌聚酯纤维。其中,一方面,采用了双抗菌剂与PET切片共混,可以有效弥补单一抗菌剂的缺点,两种抗菌剂结合发挥作用,起到了意料不到的技术效果,使得抗菌聚酯纤维的抗菌性、耐洗性得到大幅提高。
具体来说,该抗菌剂Ⅰ为纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂,该抗菌剂Ⅱ为Ni-ZnO抗菌剂;上述抗菌聚酯纤维中,按照重量百分比包括:
抗菌剂Ⅰ0.5~0.7wt.%、
抗菌剂Ⅱ0.9~1.1wt.%、
聚酯纤维余量。通过控制抗菌剂的百分比例,能够最大化的发挥抗菌性能。
其中,该抗菌剂Ⅰ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂;该纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为600nm,其中,Fe与ZnO摩尔比为3:10。纳米氧化锌是一种重要的无机抗菌剂,其具有较高的热稳定性,不分解等优点;氧化锌的禁带宽度与二氧化钛相近,同时也具有较高的杀菌性、光催化活性,但是由于受到禁带宽度的限制,一般只在紫外光照下才具有催化活性,自然光中紫外光含量较低,限制了氧化锌对太阳光辐射的利用率,从而制约了其在抗菌中的实际应用。本发明技术方案中,创造性的采用Fe-ZnO纳米粒子作为抗菌剂,Fe的加入能够使得抗菌剂对于可见光波长范围吸收增强,抗菌性能增强,取得了意料不到的技术效果。
制备该抗菌剂Ⅰ的部分原料如下:
上述抗菌剂Ⅰ的制备过程为:分别称取0.1M硝酸锌和0.03M的硝酸铁,将其溶于200ml蒸馏水,然后磁力搅拌至透明;再加入柠檬酸,磁力搅拌至充分溶解,其中,使得硝酸锌和柠檬酸的摩尔比为1:1.5;用恒压滴定漏斗滴加氨水(30wt.%),调节pH=8,在86℃恒温水浴蒸发水分形成湿凝胶,再在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h直至恒重,得到Fe-ZnO干凝胶;将干凝胶在空气中540℃下煅烧1h,自然冷却至室温,得到抗菌剂Ⅰ,即纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂。
其中,该抗菌剂Ⅱ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂,该纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为550nm,其中,Ni与ZnO摩尔比为7:10。本发明技术方案中,创造性的采用Ni-ZnO纳米粒子作为抗菌剂,Ni的加入能够使得抗菌剂对于可见光波长范围吸收增强,抗菌性能增强,取得了意料不到的技术效果。
制备该抗菌剂Ⅱ的部分原料如下:
上述抗菌剂Ⅱ的制备过程为:分别称取0.1M硝酸锌和0.07M的硝酸镍,将其溶于200ml蒸馏水,然后磁力搅拌至透明;再加入柠檬酸,磁力搅拌至充分溶解,其中,使得硝酸锌和柠檬酸的摩尔比为1:1.1;用恒压滴定漏斗滴加氨水(30wt.%),调节pH=7.6,在95℃恒温水浴蒸发水分形成湿凝胶,再在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h直至恒重,得到Ni-ZnO干凝胶;将干凝胶在空气中480℃下煅烧1h,自然冷却至室温,得到抗菌剂Ⅱ,即纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂。
制备得到抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ后,将抗菌剂混合:将上述抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ按照质量比例为0.5~0.7:0.9~1.1混合,研磨5h,得到混合物E,然后将混合物E放入质量分数为1.2%的草酸溶液中,酸化处理2h,过滤、清洗,干燥后,将过滤物在氮气中585℃下煅烧3h,冷却后,研磨3h,得到抗菌剂混合物。本发明技术方案中,通过将抗菌剂Ⅰ和抗菌剂Ⅱ混合、酸化、煅烧处理,使得抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ能够相互掺杂,起到了意料不到的技术效果,使得聚酯纤维的抗菌性能大大增加。
然后采用共混法制备抗菌聚酯纤维:将上述抗菌剂混合物和乙二醇混合,搅拌后在室温下超声5h,得到混合液;然后将混合液与精对苯二甲酸、催化助剂进行酯化,聚合,得到聚酯母粒;其中,酯化温度为280℃,压力400KPa,酯化率达到大于94.5%时进行缩聚反应,缩聚温度为300℃,抽真空至50Mpa,缩聚至特性粘度为0.65时,出料,切料;然后,将聚酯母粒熔融,然后送入过滤器进行过滤,经计量后,进入喷丝组件,在将喷出的丝束进行冷却、上油,经导辊后卷绕成预取向丝,其中,纺丝温度为290℃,纺丝速度为3200m/min;然后,聚酯预取向丝经一辊、热箱、二辊、假捻器、卷绕后可制备成抗菌聚酯纤维,其中,牵伸速度为570m/min,牵伸比为3.1,一辊温度为90℃,二辊温度为140℃。
实施例1
本实施例中,一种抗菌聚酯纤维,首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维。
上述抗菌聚酯纤维中,按照重量百分比包括:抗菌剂Ⅰ0.5wt.%、抗菌剂Ⅱ0.9wt.%、聚酯纤维余量。
其中,抗菌剂Ⅰ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂;该纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为600nm,其中,Fe与ZnO摩尔比为3:10。
该抗菌剂Ⅱ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂,该纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为550nm,其中,Ni与ZnO摩尔比为7:10。
实施例2
本实施例中,一种抗菌聚酯纤维,首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维。
上述抗菌聚酯纤维中,按照重量百分比包括:抗菌剂Ⅰ0.6wt.%、抗菌剂Ⅱ1.0wt.%、聚酯纤维余量。
其中,抗菌剂Ⅰ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂;该纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为600nm,其中,Fe与ZnO摩尔比为3:10。
该抗菌剂Ⅱ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂,该纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为550nm,其中,Ni与ZnO摩尔比为7:10。
实施例3
本实施例中,一种抗菌聚酯纤维,首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维。
上述抗菌聚酯纤维中,按照重量百分比包括:抗菌剂Ⅰ0.7wt.%、抗菌剂Ⅱ1.1wt.%、聚酯纤维余量。
其中,抗菌剂Ⅰ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂;该纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为600nm,其中,Fe与ZnO摩尔比为3:10。
该抗菌剂Ⅱ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂,该纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为550nm,其中,Ni与ZnO摩尔比为7:10。
对于实施例1~3得到的聚酯纤维采用震荡法进行抗菌测试,如下表为纤维样品进行振荡接触30h后,聚酯纤维对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌效果的测试结果:
根据GB 20944.3-2008-T可知,当纤维或者织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率≥70%时可以评价纤维或织物具有抗菌效果。
可以看到,实施例1-3中,通过添加抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ并形成抗菌剂混合物,其聚酯纤维具有优异的抗菌效果。
采用FZ/T73023-2006《抗菌针织品》中附录C的简化洗涤条件及程序,对实施例1~3中聚酯纤维进行标准洗涤,洗涤条件及步骤为:2g/L标准合成洗涤剂,浴比1:30,水温40±3℃,投入试样,洗涤5min,然后在常温下用自来水清洗2min,计为洗涤1次。
如下表为实施例1~3中聚酯纤维洗涤100次后抗菌性能:
可以看到,经过100次洗涤后,抗菌聚酯纤维的抑菌率略有下降,但是仍然具有较好的抗菌效果,抗洗涤性能良好。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳方式,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,包括自上而下设置的第一面料层、第二面料层、第三面料层以及第四面料层,所述第一面料层由聚酯纤维和聚苯砜酰胺纤维混纺编织而成,所述第二面料层由聚酰亚胺纤维和维纶纤维混纺编织而成,所述第三面料层由聚苯胺导电涤纶纤维和聚丙烯纤维混纺编织而成,所述第四面料层由罗布麻纤维和香蕉茎纤维混纺编织而成;
第一面料层中所述的聚酯纤维为一种抗菌聚酯纤维,其形成过程为:首先制备抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ,混合形成抗菌剂混合物,然后采用纯PET切片与抗菌剂混合物共混,制备抗菌改性PET切片,再通过熔融纺丝方式得到抗菌聚酯纤维;按照重量百分比包括:抗菌剂Ⅰ0.5~0.7wt.%、抗菌剂Ⅱ0.9~1.1wt.%、聚酯纤维余量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述第一面料层中各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述聚酯纤维占46份,所述聚苯砜酰胺纤维占23份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述第二面料层中各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述聚酰亚胺纤维占51份,所述维纶纤维占33份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述第三面料层中各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述聚苯胺导电涤纶纤维占11份,所述聚丙烯纤维占61份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述第四面料层中各成分所占重量份数分别为:所述罗布麻纤维占47份,所述香蕉茎纤维占47份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂Ⅰ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂,所述纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为600nm,其中,Fe与ZnO摩尔比为3:10。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂Ⅰ的制备过程为:分别称取0.1M硝酸锌和0.03M的硝酸铁,将其溶于200ml蒸馏水,然后磁力搅拌至透明;再加入柠檬酸,磁力搅拌至充分溶解,其中,使得硝酸锌和柠檬酸的摩尔比为1:1.5;用恒压滴定漏斗滴加氨水(30wt.%),调节pH=8,在86℃恒温水浴蒸发水分形成湿凝胶,再在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h直至恒重,得到Fe-ZnO干凝胶;将干凝胶在空气中540℃下煅烧1h,自然冷却至室温,得到抗菌剂Ⅰ,即纳米Fe-ZnO抗菌剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂Ⅱ为采用凝胶-溶胶法制备的纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂,该纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂表现为纳米粒子,粒径为550nm,其中,Ni与ZnO摩尔比为7:10。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述抗菌剂Ⅱ的制备过程为:分别称取0.1M硝酸锌和0.07M的硝酸镍,将其溶于200ml蒸馏水,然后磁力搅拌至透明;再加入柠檬酸,磁力搅拌至充分溶解,其中,使得硝酸锌和柠檬酸的摩尔比为1:1.1;用恒压滴定漏斗滴加氨水(30wt.%),调节pH=7.6,在95℃恒温水浴蒸发水分形成湿凝胶,再在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h直至恒重,得到Ni-ZnO干凝胶;将干凝胶在空气中480℃下煅烧1h,自然冷却至室温,得到抗菌剂Ⅱ,即纳米Ni-ZnO抗菌剂。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种窗帘用抗菌性能良好的面料,其特征在于,所述混合形成抗菌剂混合物为:将上述抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ按照质量比例为0.5~0.7:0.9~1.1混合,研磨5h,得到混合物E,然后将混合物E放入质量分数为1.2%的草酸溶液中,酸化处理2h,过滤、清洗,干燥后,将过滤物在氮气中585℃下煅烧3h,冷却后,研磨3h,得到抗菌剂混合物。本发明技术方案中,通过将抗菌剂Ⅰ和抗菌剂Ⅱ混合、酸化、煅烧处理,使得抗菌剂Ⅰ、抗菌剂Ⅱ能够相互掺杂,起到了意料不到的技术效果,使得聚酯纤维的抗菌性能大大增加。
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