CN107278631A - Powdery mildew, anthracnose and the method for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis are controlled based on heteroplastic graft - Google Patents
Powdery mildew, anthracnose and the method for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis are controlled based on heteroplastic graft Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that powdery mildew, anthracnose and cultivation landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis are controlled based on heteroplastic graft, it is stock that selection, which is distributed wide, resistance and 2 ~ 3 years seedling of eugonic East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds or the big tree of adult, multiple North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivars using ornamental value height but susceptible powdery mildew and anthracnose is scion, the scion grafting of band bud, autumn is used to be connect using bud in early spring, disease resistance and adaptable heteroplastic graft plant are obtained, is connect by managing after grafting acquisition multi items layering height and changes hat landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis.The present invention effectively controls the influence of powdery mildew, anthracnose to North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar adaptability and appreciation effect using heteroplastic graft technology, so that local disease resistance is strong, eugonic East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds are used as stock, greatly improve the disease resistance and adaptability of scion, the survival rate and adaptability for introducing cultivar are not only increased, and its ornamental value is fully demonstrated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that powdery mildew, anthracnose and cultivation landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis are controlled based on heteroplastic graft,
Belong to plant graft reproduction technique and plant variety disease prevention techniques field.
Background technology
Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis belongs to（Cornus）For Cornaceae（Cornaceae）Plant, because there is two pairs of symmetrical petal-shapeds outside inflorescence
Big bract and gain the name.Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is tree-like attractive in appearance, and rounding is in umbrella, and branch horizontal stretching is well arranged.The Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis florescence typically exists
Spring non-early summer, posterior lobe or floral leaf are first spent more than the cultigen of North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis with putting；Petal piece color has milky, pink, depth
Red etc.；Flower quantity is more, and full-blown flowers are completely set when blooming, as if honeybee flies butterfly dance；Autumn is fructescence, and fruit is red when ripe, and is stayed
Deposit and had a surplus on tree up to January.Leaf color is changeable when early spring sprouts, the fresh red green of fallen leaves class tender leaf, the evergreen bright red green of class tender leaf；Autumn leaf
Piece crossfades into red.Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis not only possesses the feature of the color leaf that ornamental plantation possesses, firework and color fruit, and it is when viewing and admiring
Phase through spring, summer, autumn, each season in winter, are to appreciate bright leaf, summer reward beautiful flower the spring, the autumn sees haw, red autumnal leaves.Therefore Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is north
U.S. important flower garden tree, great Hua Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is the state flower in the northern Carolina Na in the U.S., Virginia, Missouri and Washington；It is peaceful
Foreign Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is that the province of Belonging to Columbia Province, Daying County, Canada spends.
Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is divided into East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis and North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis.East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is mainly distributed on China, including evergreen class
With the fallen leaves major class of class 2；Evergreen class includes Rhodiola kirilowii, Tokyo Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, beautiful Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis and Hong Kong Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis etc., florescence 6
Month early and middle ten dayses；Class of falling leaves includes Japanese Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis and Chinese Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis etc., mid or late April at florescence.East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis petal piece is equal
For white, with fabulous resistance, there is not cultivar report so far.North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis has 2 kinds（Great Hua Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, too
Flat ocean Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis）With 1 mutation（Mexico's Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis）, it is defoliation small arbor；It is mainly distributed on the U.S., Canada and ink west
Brother；By upper century-old seed selection, more than 100 cultivar has been cultivated, it is main to include 3 series：Great Hua Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, Japan four
According to flower and its hybrid series, all fallen leaves types of cultivar.The main cultivar of existing market hasCornus florida ‘Cherokee Chief’、 C. kousa ‘China Girl’、 C. 'Rutgan' STELLAR PINK、C. kousa 'Satomi'、C. florida 'Sunset'、C. nuttallii' North Star ' etc..The flower of North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis
Bract color has white, pink, dark red, bract white but sophisticated for red；Petal piece difference in size substantially, the flower spy such as quantity is various
Point.
Due to the good ornamental character of North America class Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar, cultivation is largely introduced by China in recent years.But plant
Kind is trained in China In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River because summer high temperature high humidity easily infects powdery mildew, anthracnose, causes introduced variety
Survival rate is low（About 10%）, tree vigo(u)r grow poor, ornamental value be significantly impacted.The perfume (or spice) of for example evergreen class of East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds
Port Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, Tokyo Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, Rhodiola kirilowii, the seeds such as Chinese Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis of class of falling leaves show as disease-resistant（Powdery mildew, charcoal
Subcutaneous ulcer disease）Strong, the eugonic characteristic of property.
The cultivar of North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is grafting, more using great Hua Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis as stock, in America ＆ Canada performance
Well, but in China easy susceptible, bad adaptability is shown as, therefore it is poor to powdery mildew and resistance toanthracnose, suitable to introduce cultivar
Should be able to power it is weak, be almost difficult to survive.There is presently no the powdery mildew of effective method control North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar and charcoal
Subcutaneous ulcer disease, significantly limit popularization and application of the North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar in China.
Powdery Mildew is obligate parasite, can repeatedly circulate and infect host plant；Anthracnose occurs mainly in plant leaf blade,
With latency, be difficult to be found in early days, two kinds of germ spores can by air wide-scale distribution, generally in plum rain season,
Powdery mildew, anthracnose large-scale outbreak.Some of which Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis kind waits until that infecting mid-term disease just starts performance, smears immediately
Or sprinkling chemical bactericide control, workload is big, environmental pollution is also big, and control effect is not also obvious.
Current China ornamental tree species are various, but the florescence focused mostly in 3 ~ April, and the seeds that bloom for 5 ~ June are less；And most of sight
Appreciate seeds tree body huge, be not suitable for the less flower garden cultivation of area.Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is the well-bedded dungarunga of tree crown, difference cultivation
Kind, which has, first spends posterior lobe class, floral leaf are same to put flower class, florescence through 4 ~ June after class and first leaf；Qiu Guo, autumn leaves cerise, spring leaf
Azarin.North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar is not only the U.S., Canadian state flower, saves flower, is introduced a fine variety by a large amount of to Japan, South Korea yet,
Significant flower garden configuration as some countries of North America and East Asia.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that the defect for overcoming prior art is controlled there is provided one kind based on heteroplastic graft
Powdery mildew, anthracnose and the method for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, powdery mildew, anthracnose are effectively controlled using heteroplastic graft technology
Influence to North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar adaptability and appreciation effect.So that local disease resistance is strong, eugonic East Asia four is shone
Flower seeds as stock, greatly improve the disease resistance and adaptability of scion, not only increase introduce cultivar survival rate and
Adaptability, and its ornamental value is fully demonstrated.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of based on heteroplastic graft control powdery mildew, anthracnose and cultivation
The method of landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, it is characterized in that, selection is distributed the 2 ~ 3 of wide, resistance and eugonic East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds
Year seedling or the big tree of adult are stock, high but multiple North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis of susceptible powdery mildew and anthracnose are cultivated with ornamental value
Kind is scion, and band bud scion grafting is used in early spring, and autumn is connect using bud, obtains disease resistance and adaptable heteroplastic graft
Plant, connects by managing after grafting acquisition multi items layering height and changes hat landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis.
Further, early spring uses the scion with bud scion grafting for band 2 ~ 3 years branches of bud, ensures that Second Year is after grafting
It can blossom and bear fruit；Autumn uses the scion that bud connects to give birth to the full healthy and strong bud on lignifying branch then, it is possible to achieve 1 year
Grafting 2 times, so as to accelerate the speed of tree crown moulding.
Further, described grafting specifically includes following steps：
1）Root-stock selection：Selection distribution is wide, 2 ~ 3 years raw seedling of East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds of resistance or adult plants are stock,
It is required that stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, dry-shaped straight；Adult plants requirement tree crown is methodically arranged, clear bole height>1.5m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground>5cm, this is
The necessary condition of landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis fast culture shaping；
2）Stock pruning：To 2 ~ 3 years raw stocks for cultivating grafting, all side shoots are wiped out before grafting, only retain master
It is dry；Adult plants for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, for the well-bedded stock of tree crown, wipe out withe in each layer, weak
Branch, every layer retains the side shoot that 3 ~ 5 horizontal directions are evenly distributed, branch diameter>0.8cm；It is not very clearly demarcated for tree crown level
Plant, level is trimmed out on trunk by 1.0 ~ 1.2m interval, is wiped out and is retained 3 ~ 5 levels in interlayer branch on mobile jib, layer
The uniform side shoot of directional spreding；According to overall Crown Structure, trimming retains 3 ~ 5 levels, and layering culture can provide enough open
Flower space and enhancing appreciation effect；
3）Scion is selected：Branch fringe is derived from the peripheral branch of the kind of blooming cultivation tree crown of robust growth, no disease and pests harm, choosing in early spring
Full sprout, no disease and pests harm, healthy and strong 2 ~ 3 years raw branches of band bud are selected as scion；It is required that the thick 0.3 ~ 0.5cm of branch fringe, spike length 5
~ 8cm, certain length and rugosity is required with bud branch fringe, is that Second Year blossoms and bears fruit and provides enough nutrients after grafting, and be
Fast culture landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis provides condition；Bud fringe is derived from the beginning of the autumn gives birth to sprout full, healthy and strong on lignifying branch then；
4）Engrafting method：2 ~ 3 years raw plant of grafting are cultivated, using spring band bud scion grafting；Cultivate landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis
Adult plants, carry out preliminary moulding, then in the fall to the not full position of shape of tree-crown using spring band bud scion grafting first
Bud is carried out to connect；For diameter>1.0cm stock branch, using cleft grafting, a fringe；0.5cm<Diameter<1.0cm stock branch
Bar, using cut-grafting；
Further, the fancy breed of the scion variety selection different female bloom dates, pattern and flower pattern carries out variety mixture；Grafting
When multiple fancy breeds are subjected to layering grafting, or the progress grafting of year-by-year 2 ~ 3 times simultaneously.
Further, the preparation method of the scion is as follows：
Branch fringe is whittled into wedge shape, exposes forming layer, two bevel equal lengths, long 2 ~ 3cm is used as cleft grafting scion；
Branch fringe is whittled into two bevels with grafting knife, the long long 3cm of bevel cuts the short bevels of 1cm in its opposite side, connect as cut-grafting
Fringe；
With budding knife horizontal partial application at the top 0.5cm of scion bud, as deep as xylem, then from 1.5~0.2cm below bud
Place, along the oblique partial application in branch direction, length exceedes the crosscutting edge of a knife, is whittled into 1 ~ 2cm belt leather peltate bud tablets as bud and connects scion；
Further, the preparation method of the stock is as follows：
Stock needs " decaptitating " during spring grafting：Stock branch is wiped out with secateurs or grafting knife, it is vertical from shear plane with grafting knife
Split down, form deep 1 ~ 1.5cm splits mouth as cleft grafting stock；With grafting knife from the inclined side cutting perpendicularly of section, tangent plane reaches
3cm, is used as cut-grafting interface；
Autumn grafting stock is without " decaptitating ", and now grafting still belongs to growth animated period, supporting synthesized by the stock branch of non-decaptitating
The nutrient for surviving and providing needed for autumn growth of bud fringe can be accelerated by dividing.With budding knife at the smooth position of stock trunk crosscutting one
Knife, indulges partial application in T-shaped under the crosscutting edge of a knife, peels off side cortex with point of a knife and be used as bud connection interface；Bud connection interface area compared with
Greatly, be conducive to improving the survival rate of scion.
Further, during grafting, the otch of scion is adjacent to stock forming layer, wrapped up with film.Scion grafting is tied up with film
Prick, scion need to be wrapped up closely with stock interface, and scion upper cut-out is covered, and the sprout of branch fringe exposes, it is to avoid by branch fringe
The moisture evaporation that upper cut is caused；Bud is connect the totally-enclosed colligation of bud fringe with film, fringe bud is in high humidity environment, it is to avoid autumn is high
Sprout dehydration caused by warm arid, improves autumnbudding survival rate.
Further, in addition to managing after grafting：Spring scion grafting 20 ~ 30d after grafting removes colligation film, and goes in time
Except the sprout tillers on stock, the Competition for Nutrients with scion is reduced, accelerates the speed of growth of scion；Grafting is removed in time then sprouts 3 ~ 5 times,
Stock coppice shoot is suppressed after 1 year；Scion growth is fast after grafting survival and branch is more, and grafting needs to prune scion sprouting off after 2 months
Excessive branch；The growth of Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis terminal bud is weak, and the side shoot below terminal bud is removed in time, promotes the elongation growth of terminal bud, accelerates tree crown
Moulding.
Further, in addition to managing after grafting：Autumnbudding 15 ~ 20d after grafting, by stock " decaptitating ", i.e., into
5cm places are cut above bud fringe living, are then untied film and are exposed bud, are removed on stock below all branches in scion top and scion
A small amount of branch.Plant is fast still in the stock shoot growth grown above faster period, scion during autumn grafting, suppresses scion
Growth, it is therefore desirable to all wipe out；Stock branch below scion close to scion can equally suppress the growth of scion, need to cut
Remove, the nutrient of remaining branch synthesis can grow for the autumn of scion provide nutrient, and improve the winter of scion and survive the winter cold tolerance.
Second Year fringe bud wipes out all branches on stock after sprouting.
Further, in addition to managing after grafting：After landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis grafting the 2nd, 3 years also need to carry out tree-like pipe
Reason, early spring resin flow progresses row layering sizing trimming, wipes out the withe, weak branch and descendant of interlayer, removes non-directional in layer
Branch, it is ensured that be methodically arranged, it is each uniform to branch in layer；Branch strengthens interlayer before lignifying again after sprouting, branch management in layer.
Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis anthocaulus 3 ~ 5cm of length, petal piece upward, occupies certain space when open；When canopy aspect is smooth and interlayer space compared with
When big, a flower such as butterfly dances with the wind, and landscape effect is very grand.Therefore branch management provide not only enough in interlevel layer
Space of blooming, and enhance the ornamental value of landscape Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis.
Compared with prior art, what the present invention was reached has the beneficial effect that：
（1）The present invention effectively controls powdery mildew, anthracnose using heteroplastic graft technology and North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar is adapted to
The influence of property and appreciation effect.So that local disease resistance is strong, eugonic East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds as stock, greatly improve and connect
The disease resistance and adaptability of fringe, not only increase the survival rate and adaptability for introducing cultivar, and obtain its ornamental value
To fully demonstrate.
（2）The present invention cultivates landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis by the heteroplastic graft method of " multi items layering height, which connects, changes hat ", not only
Improve the resistance of ornamental type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, and different female bloom dates, bract color, bract size are viewed and admired into North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis
Cultivar combination layering grafts in same plant, drastically increases the ornamental value of Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis.
（3）The present invention is according to the growth characteristics of stock, by connecing the heteroplastic graft method of hat of changing by multi items are high by different level,
With reference to method of the spring with bud scion grafting and autumnbudding, the speed of blooming of Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is not only accelerated, and shortens landscape
The cultivation period of type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, can cultivate crown full, well arranged in 2 ~ 3 years and collect multi items in the landscape of a tree
Type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, has reached and has spent full end of the branch and compared with long flowering period effect.
（4）The present invention can be realized to control effectively to the powdery mildew and anthracnose of North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, and grafting plant is
Make in hot and humid plum rain season, the disease-resistant rate to powdery mildew and anthracnose is up to 90% and more than 95%.The present invention not only from
The problem of fundamentally solving the disease resistance and bad adaptability of Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar, decreases the usage amount of chemical antiseptic
And access times, the growth adaptability and appreciation effect of cultivar are improved, so as to substantially increase it as flower garden seeds
Popularizing value.
（5）The heteroplastic graft technology of the present invention, makes graft survival rate of the spring with bud scion grafting and autumnbudding high respectively
Up to 90% and 85%, the ratio of briquetting of landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is effectively improved viewing and admiring for North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar up to 90% or so
Value, fast and effectively technical method is provided for the cultivation of landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, be its market use there is provided it is bigger can
Can property.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the technical side of the present invention
Case, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
The cultivation of embodiment 1, landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis
1）Root-stock selection and trimming
Cultivated using the adult Rhodiola kirilowii of mildew-resistance and anthracnose by force as stock.The stock age of tree 8 years, minimum branch is
1.5m is high, the height of tree is 2.5m or so.Tree-like feature is combined before grafting and carries out the preliminary moulding of layering trimming；Bottom one layer of reservation anvil
Woody kind, the different cultivars of each layer difference grafting of the above.
2）The layering grafting of multi items
Spring tape splicing bud branch fringe comes from North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivarCornus floridaSubspecies urbiniana trees
2 ~ 3 years raw branches of stalwartness are labeled, the second layer is grafted onto；Third layer then 1 evergreen kind of grafting；Autumn is to crown not full portion
Progress bud is divided to connect, bud fringe takes the full sprout of health on the lignifying branch raw then of same kind.
3）Managing after grafting
After grafting after sprouting is emerged in scion, colligation plastic strip is removed, and except sprouting；Hereafter monthly remove and sprout, and remove in fringe bar
The excessive branch sprouted, keeps crown.Autumn carries out bud to crown not full position and connect again then, is solved after fringe bud is sprouted after 20d
Except colligation plastic strip and the stock above scion is wiped out, remove a small amount of stock branch below scion, survive rear dormancy and survive the winter；Second
Spring in year wipes out all coppice shoots on stock after sprouting, then carries out tree-like management.
4）The characteristics of grafting
Compared with the susceptibility of direct introduced variety, grafting survival plant only has 1 ~ 2% white powder disease symptoms in plum rain season,
Without anthrax disease symptoms；And extremely strong drought tolerance and heat resistance is shown in the subsequent hot-dry season of continuous more than 40 days
（The leaf of introduced variety falls light substantially）, grafting plant only shows interim wilted condition；To autumn dormancy then, formed
Ideal is crown；After 2 years, then form that tree crown is abundant, the landscape plant that level is distinct, each level has petal.
The culture of embodiment 2, grafting seedling
1）Root-stock selection and trimming
To plant 2 ~ 3 years raw seedling of Chinese Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis in Nanjing Baima base（Height of seedling 1.5m, 1.0 ~ 2.0cm of ground diameter）For anvil
All side shoots are wiped out before wood, grafting, are slightly located in 0.3 ~ 0.5cm of trunk（About at 1.0 ~ 1.2m of height of seedling）Cut.
2）Grafting and manage after connecing
By cultivarC.Cherokee Chief green tape bud scion in 2 years carry out grafting, graft survival rate by cut-grafting
Up to 92%.
3）The characteristics of grafting plant
Cultivar original strain just has a small amount of flower_bud formation after introducing 5 years, and growth potential is weak, and Seedling height and Diameter growth can almost be neglected
Slightly；Plum rain season shows serious powdery mildew, until autumn just slowly recovers.And grafting plant survives the morbidity of powdery mildew then
Rate is only 5%, and anthracnose has fragmentary appearance, and realizes Second Year and blossom and bear fruit；Heading height is up to 0.8 ~ 1m then, and hat width reaches
70~100cm。
By the present invention, the harm of powdery mildew, anthracnose to North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar is effectively controlled, is significantly improved
Its resistance and adaptability, solve resistance difference in China's afforestation application of North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivar and view and admire
The problem of effect is undesirable；By the heteroplastic graft of " multi items layering height, which connects, changes hat ", the resistance of cultivar is not only increased,
Also the cultivation period of landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis is substantially reduced, the Crown Structure that multi items combine in a tree has been obviously improved landscape type four
According to colored ornamental value.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these improve and deformed
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. powdery mildew, anthracnose and the method for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis are controlled based on heteroplastic graft, it is characterized in that, selection distribution
Extensively, 2 ~ 3 years seedling of resistance and eugonic East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds or the big tree of adult are stock, with ornamental value it is high,
But multiple North America Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis cultivars of susceptible powdery mildew and anthracnose are scion, the scion grafting of band bud, autumn are used in early spring
Connect using bud, obtain disease resistance and adaptable heteroplastic graft plant, it is high to obtain multi items layering by managing after grafting
Connect and change hat landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis.
2. according to claim 1 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, early spring uses the scion with bud scion grafting for band 2 ~ 3 years branches of bud；Autumn uses the scion that bud connects to work as
Full healthy and strong bud on year life lignifying branch.
3. according to claim 1 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, described grafting specifically includes following steps：
1）Root-stock selection：Selection distribution is wide, 2 ~ 3 years raw seedling of East Asia Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis seeds of resistance or adult plants are stock,
It is required that stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, dry-shaped straight；Adult plants requirement tree crown is methodically arranged, clear bole height>1.5m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground>5cm；
2）Stock pruning：To 2 ~ 3 years raw stocks for cultivating grafting, all side shoots are wiped out before grafting, only retain master
It is dry；Adult plants for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis, for the well-bedded stock of tree crown, wipe out withe in each layer, weak
Branch, every layer retains the side shoot that 3 ~ 5 horizontal directions are evenly distributed, branch diameter>0.8cm；It is not very clearly demarcated for tree crown level
Stock, level is trimmed out on trunk by 1.0 ~ 1.2m interval, is wiped out and is retained 3 ~ 5 levels in interlayer branch on mobile jib, layer
The uniform side shoot of directional spreding；According to overall Crown Structure, trimming retains 3 ~ 5 levels；
3）Scion is selected：Branch fringe is derived from the peripheral branch of the kind of blooming cultivation tree crown of robust growth, no disease and pests harm, choosing in early spring
Full sprout, no disease and pests harm, healthy and strong 2 ~ 3 years raw branches of band bud are selected as scion；It is required that the thick 0.3 ~ 0.5cm of branch fringe, spike length 5
~8cm；Bud fringe is derived from the beginning of the autumn gives birth to sprout full, healthy and strong on lignifying branch then；
4）Engrafting method：2 ~ 3 years raw plant of grafting are cultivated, using spring band bud scion grafting；Cultivate landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis
Adult plants, carry out preliminary moulding, then in the fall to the not full position of shape of tree-crown using spring band bud scion grafting first
Bud is carried out to connect；For diameter>1.0cm stock branch, using cleft grafting, a fringe；0.5cm<Diameter<1.0cm stock branch
Bar, using cut-grafting.
4. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, the fancy breed of the scion variety selection different female bloom dates, pattern and flower pattern carries out variety mixture；Grafting
When multiple fancy breeds are subjected to layering grafting, or the progress grafting of year-by-year 2 ~ 3 times simultaneously.
5. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of the scion is as follows：
Branch fringe is whittled into wedge shape, exposes forming layer, two bevel equal lengths, long 2 ~ 3cm is used as cleft grafting scion；
Branch fringe is whittled into two bevels with grafting knife, the long long 3cm of bevel cuts the short bevels of 1cm in its opposite side, connect as cut-grafting
Fringe；
With budding knife horizontal partial application at the top 0.5cm of scion bud, as deep as xylem, then from 1.5~2.0cm below bud
Place, along the upward partial application of branch, length exceedes the crosscutting edge of a knife, is whittled into 1 ~ 2cm belt leather peltate bud tablets as bud and connects scion.
6. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of the stock is as follows：
Stock needs " decaptitating " during spring grafting：Stock branch is wiped out with secateurs or grafting knife, it is vertical from shear plane with grafting knife
Split down, form deep 1 ~ 1.5cm splits mouth as cleft grafting interface；With grafting knife from the inclined side cutting perpendicularly of section, tangent plane reaches
3cm, is used as cut-grafting interface；
Autumn grafting stock is without " decaptitating "：With budding knife in the crosscutting knife in the smooth position of stock trunk, indulged under the crosscutting edge of a knife
Partial application is in " fourth " font, and peeling off side cortex with point of a knife is used as bud connection interface.
7. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, during grafting, the otch of scion is adjacent to stock forming layer, wrapped up with film, scion grafting film colligation connects
Fringe need to be wrapped up closely with stock interface, and scion upper cut-out is covered, and the sprout of branch fringe exposes；Bud is connect bud fringe with film
Totally-enclosed colligation.
8. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, in addition to managing after grafting：Spring scion grafting 20 ~ 30d after grafting removes colligation film, and removes anvil in time
Sprout tillers on wood；Grafting is suppressed except stock coppice shoot after 3 ~ 5 times, 1 year is sprouted in time then；Scion growth is fast after grafting survival and divides
Branch is more, and grafting needs to prune the excessive branch of scion sprouting off after 2 months；The growth of Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis terminal bud is weak, removes in time below terminal bud
Side shoot, promotes terminal bud growth.
9. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, in addition to managing after grafting：Autumnbudding 15 ~ 20d after grafting, by stock " decaptitating ", that is, is surviving bud fringe
Cut at the 5cm of top, then untie film and expose bud, remove on stock a small amount of branch below all branches and scion above scion
Bar；Second Year fringe bud wipes out all branches on stock after sprouting.
10. according to claim 3 control powdery mildew, anthracnose and the side for cultivating landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis based on heteroplastic graft
Method, it is characterized in that, in addition to managing after grafting：After landscape type Dendronenthamia japonica var.chinensis grafting the 2nd, 3 years also need to carry out tree-like management, early spring
The layering sizing trimming of resin flow progresses row, wipes out the withe, weak branch and descendant of interlayer, removes non-directional branch in layer, really
Guarantor is methodically arranged, each uniform to branch in layer；Branch strengthens interlayer before lignifying again after sprouting, branch management in layer.
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| CN102972215A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-03-20 | 遵义汇馨园艺有限公司 | Interspecific high branch grafting and seedling breeding method for red-leaf Canadian Cercis canadensis |
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