CN106462074B - 抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物 - Google Patents
抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106462074B CN106462074B CN201580030552.XA CN201580030552A CN106462074B CN 106462074 B CN106462074 B CN 106462074B CN 201580030552 A CN201580030552 A CN 201580030552A CN 106462074 B CN106462074 B CN 106462074B
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- underlayer film
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Classifications
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光刻工艺用抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。特别是涉及一种用于形成具备凹凸表面的填埋性及耐干蚀刻性的抗蚀剂下层膜的组合物。
背景技术
在半导体装置的制造中,利用光刻工艺进行微细加工。在该光刻工艺中,在用KrF准分子激光、ArF准分子激光等紫外线激光对基板上的抗蚀剂层进行曝光时,已知有在起因于在基板表面该紫外线激光发生反射并产生的驻波的影响下,不能形成具有所期望的形状的抗蚀剂图案的问题。为了解决该问题,采用在基板和抗蚀剂层之间设置抗蚀剂下层膜(防反射膜)的方式。而且,作为用于形成抗蚀剂下层膜的组合物,已知有使用酚醛清漆树脂。例如,专利文献1~专利文献3中公开有一种光致抗蚀剂下层膜形成材料,其含有具有将具有双酚基或双萘酚基的化合物酚醛清漆化了的重复单元的树脂。
伴随抗蚀剂图案的微细化,为了所要求的抗蚀剂层的薄膜化,还已知有形成至少2层抗蚀剂下层膜,将该抗蚀剂下层膜作为掩模材料使用的光刻工艺(参照专利文献1~专利文献5)。作为上述形成至少2层的材料,可举出:有机树脂(例如丙烯酸系树脂、酚醛清漆树脂)、硅树脂(例如有机聚硅氧烷)、无机硅化合物(例如SiON及SiO2)。将由上述有机树脂层形成的图案作为掩模进行干蚀刻时,需要该图案对于蚀刻气体(例如碳氟化合物)具有耐干蚀刻性。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2006-259249号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2007-316282号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2007-199653号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2009-229666号公报
专利文献5:日本特开2010-015112号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
现有的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物,即使在得到的抗蚀剂下层膜具有耐干蚀刻性的情况下,在填埋凹凸表面时,根据凹部的宽度、直径或深度,由于凹部难以被该组合物填充,所以在该凹部内容易产生空隙(空洞),凹凸表面的填埋性不一定充分。例如所述专利文献5中,用“○”表示对使用下层膜形成用组合物对导通孔(Via)的填埋性的评价,但不仅导通孔的直径不清楚,而且,“○”表示的状态不明确,因此,填埋性的评价结果缺乏客观性。
本发明的课题在于,提供一种下层膜形成用组合物,其可以形成具有耐蚀刻性、且在具有凹部和/或凸部的表面的填埋性方面优异的抗蚀剂下层膜。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明是解决上述课题的发明。即,为一种抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物,包含聚合物及溶剂,所述聚合物具有下述式(1)或式(2)表示的结构单元,
(式中,X表示亚芳基,n表示1或2,R1、R2、R3及R4分别独立地表示氢原子、羟基、碳原子数1~3的烷基或苯基。)。
作为上述亚芳基,可举出例如亚苯基及亚萘基。
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物还可以含有作为任意成分的交联剂,除所述交联剂之外,也可以含有促进交联反应的酸性化合物。
从对基材的涂布性的观点出发,优选本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物还含有表面活性剂。
发明效果
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物,可以赋予由其形成的抗蚀剂下层膜对于碳氟化合物之类的蚀刻气体的耐蚀刻性,并且也可以赋予对具有凹部和/或凸部的表面优异的填埋性。因此,本发明可以提供具有耐蚀刻性、且在凹凸表面的凹部内没有空隙的、优异的抗蚀剂下层膜。
附图说明
图1是示出使用实施例1中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物进行了填埋性试验的结果的截面SEM照片。
图2是示出使用实施例2中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物进行了填埋性试验的结果的截面SEM照片。
图3是示出使用实施例3中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物进行了填埋性试验的结果的截面SEM照片。
图4是示出使用实施例4中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物进行了填埋性试验的结果的截面SEM照片。
图5是示出使用实施例5中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物进行了填埋性试验的结果的截面SEM照片。
图6是示出使用比较例1中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物进行了填埋性试验的结果的截面SEM照片。
具体实施方式
作为本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中所含的上述式(1)表示的结构单元,可举出例如下述式(1-1)~式(1-20)表示的结构单元。
此外,作为上述式(2)表示的结构单元,可举出例如下述式(2-1)~式(2-16)表示的结构单元。
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中所含的聚合物的重均分子量以标准聚苯乙烯换算值计例如为1,000~10,000。
所述聚合物可以通过使苯酚、萘酚或它们的衍生物与二苯甲酮、芴酮或它们的衍生物在磺酸化合物等酸催化剂的存在下在溶剂中进行聚合反应来合成。作为用于合成所述聚合物的苯酚的衍生物,可举出例如:邻甲酚、间甲酚、对甲酚、2,3-二甲基苯酚、2,5-二甲基苯酚、3,4-二甲基苯酚、3,5-二甲基苯酚、2,4-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二甲基苯酚、2,3,5-三甲基苯酚、3,4,5-三甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基苯酚、3-叔丁基苯酚、4-叔丁基苯酚、间苯二酚、2-甲基间苯二酚、4-甲基间苯二酚、5-甲基间苯二酚、邻苯二酚、4-叔丁基邻苯二酚、2-甲氧基苯酚、3-甲氧基苯酚、2-丙基苯酚、3-丙基苯酚、4-丙基苯酚、2-异丙基苯酚、3-异丙基苯酚、4-异丙基苯酚、2-甲氧基-5-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基-5-甲基苯酚、百里酚、异百里香酚,作为萘酚的衍生物,可举出例如:1,2-二羟基萘、1,3-二羟基萘、1,4-二羟基萘、1,5-二羟基萘、1,6-二羟基萘、1,7-二羟基萘、1,8-二羟基萘、2,3-二羟基萘、2,6-二羟基萘、2,7-二羟基萘。作为用于合成所述聚合物的二苯甲酮的衍生物,可举出例如:3-甲基二苯甲酮、2-甲基二苯甲酮、4-甲基二苯甲酮、2-羟基二苯甲酮、4-羟基二苯甲酮、4-苯基二苯甲酮、4,4’-二甲基二苯甲酮、3,4-二甲基二苯甲酮、2,4-二甲基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-5-甲基二苯甲酮、2,2’-二羟基二苯甲酮、2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮、3,4-二羟基二苯甲酮、4,4’-二羟基二苯甲酮、2,3,4-三羟基二苯甲酮、2,2’,4,4’-四甲基二苯甲酮、2,2’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮、2,3’,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮、2,3,4,4’-四羟基二苯甲酮,作为芴酮的衍生物,可举出例如2-羟基-9-芴酮。所述聚合物的合成中所使用的苯酚、萘酚或它们的衍生物不限定于1种化合物,可以使用2种以上,二苯甲酮、芴酮或它们的衍生物也不限定于1种化合物,也可以使用2种以上。
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物可以还含有交联剂。作为所述交联剂,优选使用具有至少两个交联形成取代基的交联性化合物。可举出例如具有羟甲基、甲氧基甲基等交联形成取代基的三聚氰胺系化合物、取代脲系化合物及酚系化合物。具体而言,有甲氧基甲基化甘脲、甲氧基甲基化三聚氰胺等化合物,可以列举例如:四甲氧基甲基甘脲、四丁氧基甲基甘脲、六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺。此外,作为取代脲系化合物,可以列举例如:四甲氧基甲基脲、四丁氧基甲基脲。作为酚系化合物,可以列举例如:四羟基甲基联苯酚、四甲氧基甲基联苯酚、四甲氧基甲基双酚。
作为所述交联剂,另外,也可以使用具有至少两个环氧基的化合物。作为这种化合物,可以列举例如:三(2,3-环氧丙基)异氰脲酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、1,2-环氧基-4-(环氧基乙基)环己烷、甘油三缩水甘油醚、二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、2,6-二缩水甘油基苯基缩水甘油醚、1,1,3-三[对(2,3-环氧丙氧基)苯基]丙烷、1,2-环己烷二甲酸二缩水甘油基酯、4,4’-亚甲基双(N,N-二缩水甘油基苯胺)、3,4-环氧基环己基甲基-3,4-环氧基环己烷甲酸酯、三羟甲基乙烷三缩水甘油醚、双酚-A-二缩水甘油醚、(株)ダイセル制的エポリード[注册商标]GT-401、エポリードGT-403、エポリードGT-301、エポリードGT-302、セロキサイド[注册商标]2021、セロキサイド3000、三菱化学(株)制的1001、1002、1003、1004、1007、1009、1010、828、807、152、154、180S75、871、872、日本化药(株)制的EPPN201、EPPN202、EOCN-102、EOCN-103S、EOCN-104S、EOCN-1020、EOCN-1025、EOCN-1027、ナガセケムテックス(株)制的デナコール[注册商标]EX-252、デナコールEX-611、デナコールEX-612、デナコールEX-614、デナコールEX-622、デナコールEX-411、デナコールEX-512、デナコールEX-522、デナコールEX-421、デナコールEX-313、デナコールEX-314、デナコールEX-321、BASF日本(株)制的CY175、CY177、CY179、CY182、CY184、CY192、DIC(株)制的エピクロン200、エピクロン400、エピクロン7015、エピクロン835LV、エピクロン850CRP。作为所述具有至少两个环氧基的化合物,另外,也可以使用具有氨基的环氧树脂。作为这种环氧树脂,可举出例如YH-434、YH-434L(新日化エポキシ制造(株)制)。
作为所述交联剂,另外,也可以使用具有至少2个嵌段异氰酸酯基的化合物。作为这种化合物,可举出例如:三井化学(株)制的タケネート[注册商标]B-830、タケネートB-870N、エボニックデグサ社制的VESTANAT[注册商标]B1358/100。
作为所述交联剂,另外,也可以使用具有至少2个乙烯基醚基的化合物。作为这种化合物,可以列举例如:双(4-(乙烯基氧基甲基)环己基甲基)戊二酸酯、三(乙二醇)二乙烯基醚、己二酸二乙烯基酯、二乙二醇二乙烯基醚、1,2,4-三(4-乙烯基氧基丁基)偏苯三酸酯、1,3,5-三(4-乙烯基氧基丁基)偏苯三酸酯、双(4-(乙烯基氧基)丁基)对苯二甲酸酯、双(4-(乙烯基氧基)丁基)间苯二甲酸酯、乙二醇二乙烯基醚、1,4-丁二醇二乙烯基醚、四亚甲基二醇二乙烯基醚、四乙二醇二乙烯基醚、新戊二醇二乙烯基醚、三羟甲基丙烷三乙烯基醚、三羟甲基乙烷三乙烯基醚、己二醇二乙烯基醚、1,4-环己二醇二乙烯基醚、四乙二醇二乙烯基醚、季戊四醇二乙烯基醚、季戊四醇三乙烯基醚及环己烷二甲醇二乙烯基醚。
在本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中可以添加选自这些各种交联剂中的1种,也可以组合添加2种以上。至于所述交联剂的含有比例,相对于从本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中除去了后述的溶剂的固体成分,例如为2质量%~60质量%。
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物可以还含有酸性化合物。所述酸性化合物作为促进交联反应的催化剂起作用,可以列举例如:对甲苯磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、吡啶-对甲苯磺酸盐、水杨酸、樟脑磺酸、5-磺基水杨酸、4-氯苯磺酸、4-羟基苯磺酸、苯二磺酸、1-萘磺酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、羟基苯甲酸等磺酸化合物及羧酸化合物、盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等无机酸。可以含有热酸产生剂来代替上述酸性化合物,或者与上述酸性化合物一起含有热酸产生剂。所述热酸产生剂也作为促进交联反应的催化剂起作用,可以列举例如三氟甲磺酸的季铵盐。在本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中可以添加选自这些酸性化合物及热酸产生剂中的1种,也可以组合添加2种以上。至于所述酸性化合物或热酸产生剂的含有比例,相对于从本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中除去了后述的溶剂的固体成分,例如为0.1质量%~20质量%。
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物可以还含有表面活性剂。作为所述表面活性剂,可以列举例如:聚氧乙烯月桂基醚、聚氧乙烯硬脂基醚、聚氧乙烯十六烷基醚、聚氧乙烯油基醚等聚氧乙烯烷基醚类、聚氧乙烯辛基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯壬基苯基醚等聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚类、聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物类、山梨糖醇酐单月桂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单棕榈酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐三硬脂酸酯等山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯类、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单棕榈酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐三硬脂酸酯等聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯类等非离子系表面活性剂、エフトップ[注册商标]EF301、エフトップEF303、エフトップEF352(三菱材料电子化成(株)制)、メガファっク[注册商标]F171、メガファっクF173、メガファっクR-30、メガファっクR-40、メガファっクR-40-LM(DIC(株)制)、フロラードFC430、フロラードFC431(住友3M(株)制)、アサヒガード[注册商标]AG710、サーフロン[注册商标]S-382、サーフロンSC101、サーフロンSC102、サーフロンSC103、サーフロンSC104、サーフロンSC105、サーフロンSC106(旭硝子(株)制)等氟系表面活性剂、有机硅氧烷聚合物KP341(信越化学工业(株)制)。在本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中可以添加选自这些表面活性剂中的1种,也可以组合添加2种以上。至于所述表面活性剂的含有比例,相对于从本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中除去了后述的溶剂的固体成分,例如为0.01质量%~5质量%。
本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物可以通过使上述的各成分溶解于适当的溶剂中而制备,以均匀的溶液状态使用。作为这样的溶剂,可以列举例如:乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、二乙二醇单甲醚、二乙二醇单乙醚、丙二醇、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单丙醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇丙醚乙酸酯、甲基溶纤剂乙酸酯、乙基溶纤剂乙酸酯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲基乙基酮、环戊酮、环己酮、2-羟基丙酸乙酯、2-羟基-2-甲基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基乙酸乙酯、羟基乙酸乙酯、2-羟基-3-甲基丁酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮。这些有机溶剂可以使用1种,或组合使用2种以上。从本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物中除去了有机溶剂的固体成分的比例例如为0.5质量%~30质量%,优选为0.8质量%~15质量%。
通过将本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物涂布于具有段差、凹部和/或凸部的表面并烘烤而形成第1抗蚀剂下层膜,可以在所述第1抗蚀剂下层膜上形成有机聚硅氧烷膜作为第2抗蚀剂下层膜,在所述第2抗蚀剂下层膜上形成抗蚀剂图案。
将本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物涂布并烘烤的工序通过如下方式进行:利用旋涂器、涂布机等适当的涂布方法在基材(例如硅晶片、该硅晶片可以被氧化硅膜、氮化硅膜、氧氮化硅膜、或铝、钨等金属膜被覆。)上涂布该组合物,然后使用电热板等加热手段烘烤。作为烘烤条件,从烘烤温度100℃~400℃、烘烤时间0.3分钟~10分钟中适当选择。
在通过所述工序所形成的第1抗蚀剂下层膜上形成有机聚硅氧烷膜作为第2抗蚀剂下层膜的工序中,该第2抗蚀剂下层膜可以为利用CVD、PVD等蒸镀法所形成的SiON膜或SiN膜。可以进一步在该第2抗蚀剂下层膜上形成防反射膜(BARC)作为第3的抗蚀剂下层膜,该第3的抗蚀剂下层膜也可以是不具有防反射能力的膜。
在所述第2抗蚀剂下层膜上形成抗蚀剂图案的工序通过以下方式进行:利用旋涂器、涂布机等适当的涂布方法在该第2抗蚀剂下层膜或所述第3抗蚀剂下层膜上涂布抗蚀剂溶液,在规定的条件下预烘烤后对得到的抗蚀剂膜进行曝光。抗蚀剂溶液可以为正型或负型。曝光通过用于形成规定的图案的掩模(标线)或直接通过描画而进行。曝光源可以使用例如g射线、i射线、KrF准分子激光、ArF准分子激光、EUV、电子束。曝光后,根据需要进行曝光后加热(Post Exposure Bake)。然后,利用显影液(例如2.38质量%四甲基氢氧化铵水溶液)进行显影,进一步用冲洗液或纯水洗涤,除去使用的显影液。然后,为了提高抗蚀剂图案的干燥及与基底的密合性而进行后烘烤。
所述抗蚀剂图案形成后,进一步通过干蚀刻进行蚀刻工序时,作为干蚀刻中使用的蚀刻气体,对于第2抗蚀剂下层膜(有机聚硅氧烷膜),可举出例如CHF3、CF4、C2F6,对于由本发明的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物形成的第1抗蚀剂下层膜,可举出例如O2、N2O、NO2,对于具有段差或凹部和/或凸部的表面,可举出例如CHF3、CF4、C2F6。进而,可以将氩、氮或二氧化碳与这些气体混合而使用。
以下,列举合成例及实施例,对本发明进行说明,但本发明并不受下述记载限定。
实施例
下述合成例1~合成例5及比较合成例1所示的重均分子量及多分散度基于利用凝胶渗透色谱法(以下,本说明书中,简称为GPC。)的测定结果。测定中使用东丽(株)制GPC系统,测定条件如下所述。
GPC柱:TSKgel Super Multipore[注册商标]Hz-N(东丽(株))
柱温度:40℃
溶剂:四氢呋喃(THF)
流量:0.35ml/分钟
标准试样:聚苯乙烯(东丽(株))
(合成例1)
在氮气下、在100mL三口烧瓶中加入2,7-二羟基萘(8.00g、0.0499mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、9-芴酮(9.00g、0.0499mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、对甲苯磺酸一水合物(2.5803g、0.0150mol、东京化成工业(株)制)及作为助催化剂的3-巯基丙酸(0.4776g、0.0045mol、东京化成工业(株)制),进一步装入丙二醇单甲醚(19.58g、关东化学(株)制)并进行搅拌,升温至120℃,将各成分溶解并开始聚合。96小时后,将得到的聚合物液自然冷却至室温,加入到甲醇(500g、关东化学(株)制)中,使其再沉淀。过滤收集得到的沉淀物,用减压干燥机在50℃下干燥10小时,得到具有下述式(2-16)表示的结构单元的目标聚合物(以下,本说明书中,简称为2,7-DHN-Fl。)16.32g。2,7-DHN-Fl的利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为1400、多分散度Mw/Mn为1.95。
(合成例2)
在氮气下、在100mL三口烧瓶中加入2,7-二羟基萘(8.00g、0.0499mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、二苯甲酮(9.10g、0.0499mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、对甲苯磺酸一水合物(2.5803g、0.0150mol、东京化成工业(株)制)及作为助催化剂的3-巯基丙酸(0.4776g、0.0045mol、东京化成工业(株)制),进一步装入丙二醇单甲醚(19.68g、关东化学(株)制)并进行搅拌,升温至120℃,将各成分溶解并开始聚合。96小时后,将得到的聚合物液自然冷却至室温,加入到甲醇(500g、关东化学(株)制)中,使其再沉淀。过滤收集得到的沉淀物,用减压干燥机在50℃下干燥10小时,得到具有下述式(1-16)表示的结构单元的目标聚合物(以下,本说明书中,简称为2,7-DHN-BzPn。)11.97g。2,7-DHN-BzPn的利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为1800,多分散度Mw/Mn为1.89。
(合成例3)
在氮气下、在100mL三口烧瓶中加入2,7-二羟基萘(6.50g、0.0406mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、4-羟基二苯甲酮(8.04g、0.0406mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、甲烷磺酸(1.1701g、0.0122mol、东京化成工业(株)制)及作为助催化剂的3-巯基丙酸(0.3927g、0.0037mol、东京化成工业(株)制),进一步装入丙二醇单甲醚(15.71g、关东化学(株)制)并进行搅拌,升温至120℃,将各成分溶解并开始聚合。96小时后,将得到的聚合物液自然冷却至室温,加入到甲醇(500g、关东化学(株)制)中,使其再沉淀。过滤收集得到的沉淀物,用减压干燥机在50℃下干燥10小时,得到具有下述式(1-19)表示的结构单元的目标聚合物(以下,本说明书中,简称为2,7-DHN-4-HBzPn。)5.82g。2,7-DHN-4-HBzPn的利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为2900,多分散度Mw/Mn为1.87。
(合成例4)
在氮气下、在100mL三口烧瓶中加入2,7-二羟基萘(6.50g、0.0406mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、3-甲基二苯甲酮(7.96g、0.0406mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、甲烷磺酸(1.1701g、0.0122mol、东京化成工业(株)制)及作为助催化剂的3-巯基丙酸(0.3927g、0.0037mol、东京化成工业(株)制),进一步装入丙二醇单甲醚(15.71g、关东化学(株)制)并进行搅拌,升温至120℃,将各成分溶解并开始聚合。96小时后,将得到的聚合物液自然冷却至室温,加入到甲醇(500g、关东化学(株)制)中,使其再沉淀。过滤收集得到的沉淀物,用减压干燥机在50℃下干燥10小时,得到具有下述式(1-17)表示的结构单元的目标聚合物(以下,本说明书中,简称为2,7-DHN-4-MBzPn。)7.23g。2,7-DHN-4-MBzPn的利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为4600,多分散度Mw/Mn为2.40。
(合成例5)
在氮气下、在100mL三口烧瓶中加入2,7-二羟基萘(6.50g、0.0406mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、2-甲基二苯甲酮(7.96g、0.0406mol、东京化成工业(株)制)、甲烷磺酸(1.1701g、0.0122mol、东京化成工业(株)制)及作为助催化剂的3-巯基丙酸(0.3927g、0.0037mol、东京化成工业(株)制),进一步装入丙二醇单甲醚(15.71g、关东化学(株)制)并进行搅拌,升温至120℃,将各成分溶解并开始聚合。96小时后,将得到的聚合物液自然冷却至室温,加入到甲醇(500g、关东化学(株)制)中,使其再沉淀。过滤收集得到的沉淀物,用减压干燥机在50℃下干燥10小时,得到具有下述式(1-18)表示的结构单元的目标聚合物(以下,本说明书中,简称为2,7-DHN-2-MBzPn。)4.34g。2,7-DHN-2-MBzPn的利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为2200,多分散度Mw/Mn为1.68。
(比较合成例1)
在100ml梨形烧瓶中加入间苯三酚(东京化成工业(株)制)5.51g、苯甲醛(东京化成工业(株)制)4.27g、1,4-二烷(关东化学(株)制)10.09g、对甲苯磺酸一水合物(东京化成工业(株)制)0.76g。然后,将这些物质加热至110℃,回流搅拌约2小时。反应结束后,将反应物用四氢呋喃(关东化学制)7.54g稀释,通过过滤而除去沉淀物。将回收的滤液滴加于甲醇/水混合溶液中,使其再沉淀。将得到的沉淀物进行抽滤,将滤物在85℃下减压干燥一夜,得到具有下述式表示的结构单元的、茶褐色粉末的间苯三酚树脂7.25g。利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为3,600,多分散度Mw/Mn为1.34。
(实施例1)
在合成例1中得到的聚合物1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。
(实施例2)
在合成例2中得到的聚合物1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。
(实施例3)
在合成例3中得到的聚合物1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。
(实施例4)
在合成例4中得到的聚合物1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。
(实施例5)
在合成例5中得到的聚合物1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。
(比较例1)
在比较合成例1中得到的聚合物1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。
(比较例2)
在市售的甲酚醛树脂(使用甲酚和甲醛得到的酚醛清漆树脂)1g中混合作为表面活性剂的メガファックR-30(DIC(株)制)0.003g,将其溶解于丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯4g而制成溶液。然后,将该溶液用孔径0.10μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,进而用孔径0.05μm的聚乙烯制微型过滤器进行过滤,制备成用于光刻工艺的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物。本比较例中使用的甲酚醛树脂的、利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为4000,多分散度Mw/Mn为2.1。
(对光致抗蚀剂溶剂的溶出试验)
将实施例1~实施例5、比较例1及比较例2中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物分别使用旋涂机涂布于硅晶片上。将它们在电热板上在350℃的温度下烘烤1分钟,形成抗蚀剂下层膜(膜厚0.25μm)。将该抗蚀剂下层膜浸渍于抗蚀剂中使用的溶剂(乳酸乙酯、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯及环己酮),确认到不溶于这些溶剂。
(干蚀刻速度的测定)
用于干蚀刻速度的测定的蚀刻机及蚀刻气体为以下的蚀刻机及蚀刻气体。
蚀刻机:RIE-10NR(サムコ(株)制)
蚀刻气体:CF4
将实施例1~实施例5、比较例1及比较例2中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物分别使用旋涂机涂布于硅晶片上。将它们在电热板上在350℃的温度下烘烤1分钟,形成抗蚀剂下层膜(膜厚0.25μm)。使用作为蚀刻气体的CF4气体,测定这些抗蚀剂下层膜的干蚀刻速度。另外,将酚醛树脂(市售品、利用GPC以聚苯乙烯换算所测定的重均分子量Mw为2000、多分散度Mw/Mn为2.5)的溶液使用旋涂机涂布于硅晶片上,在电热板上于205℃烘烤1分钟,形成酚醛树脂膜(膜厚0.25μm)。使用CF4气体作为蚀刻气体,测定其酚醛树脂膜的干蚀刻速度。表1示出了将该酚醛树脂膜的干蚀刻速度设为1.00时的、由实施例1~实施例5、比较例1及比较例2中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物形成的抗蚀剂下层膜的干蚀刻速度作为干蚀刻速度比算出的结果。干蚀刻速度比越小,表示相对于CF4气体的耐蚀刻性越高。
干蚀刻速度比=(抗蚀剂下层膜的干蚀刻速度)/(酚醛树脂膜的干蚀刻速度)
[表1]
(对带孔晶片的填埋性试验)
将实施例1~实施例5及比较例1中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物分别使用旋涂机涂布于带孔晶片上。将它们在电热板上在350℃的温度下烘烤1分钟,形成抗蚀剂下层膜(孔图案未形成部的膜厚0.25μm)。作为所述带孔晶片,使用形成有直径100nm、高度400nm的孔图案的晶片。使用旋涂机将实施例1~实施例5中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物涂布于带孔晶片上,用扫描型电子显微镜(SEM)观察在350℃的温度下烘烤1分钟后的带孔晶片的截面。其结果,如图1~图5所示的截面SEM照片所示,到孔内部为止被抗蚀剂下层膜充分地填充。另一方面,使用旋涂机将比较例1中制备的抗蚀剂下层膜形成用组合物涂布于孔晶片上,用扫描型电子显微镜观察在350℃的温度下烘烤1分钟后的孔晶片的截面。其结果,如图6所示的截面SEM照片所示,在孔内部存在空隙(空洞)。
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