CN105692611A - Preparation method of biomass activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen - Google Patents
Preparation method of biomass activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen Download PDFInfo
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- CN105692611A CN105692611A CN201610161961.XA CN201610161961A CN105692611A CN 105692611 A CN105692611 A CN 105692611A CN 201610161961 A CN201610161961 A CN 201610161961A CN 105692611 A CN105692611 A CN 105692611A
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000004246 Agave americana Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218236 Cannabis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015505 Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound nitrogen series Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of special function activated carbon materials. The invention provides a preparation method of biomass activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen, which comprises the following specific steps: adding a certain amount of biomass raw materials into a solution containing nitrogen-containing substances and alkaline substances, then transferring all the substances into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, reacting for a period of time at a certain temperature, naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, taking out the product, drying, carbonizing and activating the dried product at a high temperature in a high-temperature tubular furnace at a high temperature under the atmosphere of protective gas for a certain time, naturally cooling after the reaction is finished, repeatedly washing the product with water, and drying to obtain the nitrogen-rich biomass activated carbon product. The biomass activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen prepared by the method improves the wettability of the carbon material to water and the adsorption performance to electrolyte ions due to the introduction of nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms, can be widely applied to pollutant treatment, separation of mixtures, electrode materials and the like, and has wide application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to specific function absorbent charcoal material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method rich in nitrogen and the activated carbon from activated sludge of oxygen。
Background technology
Activated carbon rich in nitrogen, oxygen is that in carbon structure, a part of carbon atom is replaced by nitrogen-atoms and oxygen atom, thus there is the surface chemical property of uniqueness, the relatively unazotized activated carbon of activated carbon rich in nitrogen, oxygen has better hydrophilic and absorbability, sulfur system and compound nitrogen series there are is higher absorption property, simultaneously because nitrogen-atoms, oxygen atom electronic shell delocalization ability are higher thus there is higher chemical property。Preparing common preparation method nitrogenous, oxygen-content active charcoal has the method etc. of template, carbonization/activation nitrogenous precursor at present。Wherein topmost research is the impact studying different process using nitrogenous precursor as raw material。
Patent CN102553641B denomination of invention is the patent of the preparation method of a kind of nitrogenous activated-carbon catalyst, by carbonized stock by strong oxidizer dipping or reflow treatment, blended with certain proportion with nitrogenous reagent afterwards, move into high temperature process furnances to activate under an inert atmosphere, prepare the activated carbon product rich in nitrogen。Patent CN102360959A utilizes the Lauxite of rich Nitrogen element to make raw material, by the activated carbon of rear carbonization blended with potassium hydroxide after raw material under an inert atmosphere carbonization, the rich Nitrogen element of activation preparation。Patent CN103408007A utilizes normal activated carbon or material with carbon element to add in alcoholic solution, adds melamine waste blending and stirring supersound process, and in high temperature furnace, under inert atmosphere, carbonization-activation processes afterwards, prepares nitrogenous activated carbon。Patent CN104681307A utilizes and carries out activating the activated carbon being prepared for rich in nitrogen and oxygen element with phosphoric acid rich in after the discarded particieboard carbonization of Lauxite。But said method or only introduced nitrogen heteroatom, or take different step to introduce nitrogen-atoms and oxygen atom respectively, technique is cumbersome, is unfavorable for industrialized production。Utilize hydro-thermal reaction to increase in activated carbon the research of the activated carbon from activated sludge of nitrogen element and oxygen element content but without open report simultaneously。
Summary of the invention
For prior art problem, the present invention utilizes hydro-thermal reaction method, it is provided that a kind of preparation method rich in nitrogen and the activated carbon from activated sludge of oxygen。
Technical scheme is as follows:
The preparation method rich in nitrogen and the activated carbon from activated sludge of oxygen of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1) being joined by a certain amount of biomass material in the mixed solution of certain density nitrogen substance and alkaline matter, all substances carried out hydro-thermal reaction a period of time at a certain temperature afterwards, reaction naturally cools to room temperature after terminating；
2) by step 1) product take out dry, more dried product high temperature cabonization is activated certain time, reaction terminates rear natural cooling；
3) by step 2) after product washing after carbonization-activation drying to obtain rich in the biomass active product char of nitrogen and oxygen。
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, wherein, described biomass material includes one or more in forestry rubbish, agricultural crop straw, fruit shell, crudefiber crop or other plant stem-leaf。Particularly preferably, described forestry rubbish can include one or more in wood leftover material, sawdust and particieboard；Described agricultural crop straw can include one or more in wheat stalk, corn straw, rice straw and broomcorn straw；Described fruit shell can include one or more in walnut shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L) and Semen Pini shell；Described crudefiber crop can be in Folium Agaves Sisalanae and Fructus Cannabis or two kind。
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, wherein, described nitrogen substance includes ammonia, hydrazine water, one or more in ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate and carbamide。Preferably, the mass fraction of the nitrogen substance in described mixed solution is at 10%-30%。
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, wherein, described alkaline matter includes one or more in potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate。Preferably, the mass fraction 2%-20% of the alkaline matter in described mixed solution。
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, wherein, the mass ratio of the mixed solution of described biomass material and nitrogen substance and alkaline matter is 1:5～1:20。
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, wherein, step 1) described in hydrothermal temperature be 180-240 DEG C, the time of described hydro-thermal reaction is 1-6 hour。
Preparation in accordance with the present invention, wherein, step 2) described in high temperature cabonization activation temperature be 500-900 DEG C, high temperature cabonization soak time is 30 minutes-3 hours。As preferably, step 2) activation of described high temperature cabonization carries out in high temperature process furnances, step 2) described in protective gas is nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, Krypton, xenon and radon gas one or more。
The agent of being mixed by nitrogen being technically characterized by comprising the steps as follows: novelty of the present invention adds hydrothermal reaction process, on raw material, nitrogen-containing group is introduced by the reaction with nitrogenous reagent, and hydrothermal reaction process, water, not only as a kind of reaction dissolvent but also as a kind of oxidant, makes oxy radical abundant in raw material grafting。Adopt the method prepare rich in nitrogen, oxygen biomass active carbon owing to introducing nitrogen, oxygen heteroatom thus improve its wellability to water and the absorption property to electrolyte ion, can be widely applied to Pollutant Treatment, the separation of mixture and electrode material etc., be with a wide range of applications。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical photograph of intermediate when preparing rich in nitrogen and oxygen element wheat husk activated carbon of the present invention。
Fig. 2 is the optical photograph rich in nitrogen and oxygen element wheat husk activated carbon of the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described。
Embodiment 1
By 10g wheat husk; join in the 100g mixed solution containing mass fraction 10% ammonia and potassium hydroxide that mass fraction is 5%; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 2 hours under 240 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating, and product is filtered taking-up and dries, as shown in Figure 1; dried product is put into high temperature process furnances, reacts 0.5 hour under 600 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the Folium Agaves Sisalanae NACF rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。As shown in Figure 2。
Embodiment 2
By 3g corn cob; join in the 60g mixed solution containing mass fraction 30% ammonia and potassium carbonate that mass fraction is 10%; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 6 hours under 180 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating; product is filtered and takes out after drying, put into high temperature process furnances, react 2 hours under 600 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the corn cob activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。
Embodiment 3
By 10g bamboo; join in the 50g mixed solution containing mass fraction 20% ammonia and potassium hydroxide that mass fraction is 15%; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 4 hours under 220 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating; product is filtered and takes out after drying, put into high temperature process furnances, react 1 hour under 800 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the bamboo absorbent charcoal rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。
Embodiment 4
By 5g sawdust; join in the 100g mixed solution containing mass fraction 20% hydrazine water and potassium hydroxide that mass fraction is 5% and potassium carbonate that mass fraction is 2% content; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 2 hours under 200 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating; product is filtered and takes out after drying, put into high temperature process furnances, react 0.5 hour under 900 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the bamboo absorbent charcoal rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。
Embodiment 5
By 5g walnut shell; join in the 50g mixed solution containing mass fraction 10% ammonium carbonate and potassium hydroxide that mass fraction is 15%; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 3 hours under 220 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating; product is filtered and takes out after drying, put into high temperature process furnances, react 2 hours under 800 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the bamboo absorbent charcoal rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。
Embodiment 6
By 10g wheat husk; join in the 100g mixed solution containing mass fraction 10% carbamide and sodium hydroxide that mass fraction is 20%; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 1 hour under 240 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating; filter to take out by product and dry, dried product is put into high temperature process furnances, reacts 3 hours under 500 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the Folium Agaves Sisalanae NACF rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。
Embodiment 7
By 3g corn cob; join in the 60g mixed solution containing mass fraction 30% ammonium sulfate and sodium carbonate that mass fraction is 2%; fully move into after infiltration in hydrothermal reaction kettle; hydro-thermal reaction is carried out 4 hours under 200 degree; reaction is cooled to room temperature after terminating; product is filtered and takes out after drying, put into high temperature process furnances, react 1 hour under 700 degrees Celsius of nitrogen protections。Reaction is down to room temperature after terminating, and is taken out by product, repeatedly cleans with deionized water, namely obtain the corn cob activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen after drying。
Certainly; the present invention can also have various embodiments; when without departing substantially from present invention spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make various corresponding change and modification according to disclosure of the invention, but these change accordingly and deformation all should belong to the scope of the claims appended by the present invention。
Claims (10)
1., rich in a preparation method for nitrogen and the activated carbon from activated sludge of oxygen, comprise the following steps:
1) being joined by a certain amount of biomass material in the mixed solution of certain density nitrogen substance and alkaline matter, all substances carried out hydro-thermal reaction a period of time at a certain temperature afterwards, reaction naturally cools to room temperature after terminating；
2) by step 1) product take out dry, then by dried product in protective gas atmosphere at high temperature carbonization-activation certain time, reaction terminates rear natural cooling；
3) by step 2) after product washing after carbonization-activation drying to obtain rich in the biomass active product char of nitrogen and oxygen。
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biomass material includes one or more in forestry rubbish, agricultural crop straw, fruit shell, crudefiber crop or other plant stem-leaf。
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nitrogen substance includes ammonia, hydrazine water, one or more in ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate and carbamide。
4. the preparation method according to claims 1, it is characterised in that described biomass material and the mass ratio of mixed solution are 1:5～1:20。
5. according to the arbitrary described preparation method of claim 1,3 or 4, it is characterised in that the mass fraction of the nitrogen substance in described mixed solution is at 10%-30%。
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described alkaline matter includes one or more in potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate。
7. the preparation method according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that the mass fraction 2%-20% of the alkaline matter in described mixed solution。
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) described in hydrothermal temperature be 180-240 DEG C, the time of described hydro-thermal reaction is 1-6 hour。
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) described in high temperature cabonization activation temperature be 500-900 DEG C, high temperature cabonization soak time is 30 minutes-3 hours。
10. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described protective gas is one or more of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, Krypton, xenon and radon gas。
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