CN105493678A - Method for improving orchard soil - Google Patents
Method for improving orchard soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105493678A CN105493678A CN201510950959.6A CN201510950959A CN105493678A CN 105493678 A CN105493678 A CN 105493678A CN 201510950959 A CN201510950959 A CN 201510950959A CN 105493678 A CN105493678 A CN 105493678A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving orchard soil. The method is characterized by comprising a step (1) of a high temperature disinfection method, wherein lime nitrogen of 70-80 kg and shattered wheat straw of 500-1000 kg per 667 square meters are applied during June to August after seedlings of previous crops are pulled up, furrows with the depth of 30 cm are ditched by rotary tillage, leveling, ridging or row spacing of the crops, the wheat straw or corn stalk of 3000 kg, ammonium bicarbonate of 50 kg, poultry dung of 5-6 cubic meters per 667 square meters are applied, surface soil covering is performed to form a ridge, a greenhouse film is sealed, a mulching film is covered tightly to perform irrigation, 500-1000-fold abamectin liquor of 200 milliliters per plant is utilized to irrigate roots after 15-20 days of insolation and high temperature processing and entering the greenhouse, and the effect for preventing soil-borne disease is good, and a step (2) of irrigation salt-leaching method, wherein the greenhouse is fully loaded with fresh water during rotation of crops and when the soil is not used to form accumulated water of 3-5 cm, the water is discharged from drainage ditches after soil salinity is dissolved fully, and the salinity in the soil is reduced effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, particularly relate to a kind of orchard soil improvement method.
Background technology
Fruit tree occupies critical role in national economy.China long-term implementation fruit tree go up a hill lower beach, do not strive the strategy on ground with grain and cotton, most orchard soil is barren, and soil organic matter content is low, and soil aggregate is poor, and soil pH value is improper, preserve moisture and fertility ability, often the various nutrition nutritional deficiency disease of appearance.Therefore, make fruit tree high yield high-quality, orchard sustainable development, it is crucial for improving orchard soil quality.
The soil quality in current China orchard just suffers serious challenge.A large amount of uses of chemical fertilizer, not only substantially increase cost, cause very large waste, more seriously pollute soil, threaten to food security and environment.Can address these problems to a great extent by improving soil management system, improving soil quality.
The following several orchard soil management system of main employing at present:
(1), soil ploughs management system clearly: mainly carry out manpower weeding, loosen the soil, keep the not raw weeds in orchard, loosing soil.Its advantage to prevent weeds and fruit tree from fighting for nutrient, and shortcoming is long-term clear cultivated meeting spoiled soil granular structure, increases the weight of the soil erosion and water and soil loss.
(2), soil overlay management system: namely the soil agricultural crop straw, plastic foil etc. in orchard are covered.Its advantage to improve the hot situation of soil water fat gas, improves soil organic matter content, improves fruit yield and quality; Shortcoming increases human and material resources, improves management cost.
(3), orchard ground cover system: orchard ground cover has artificial sward and natural grass two kinds of methods.No matter which kind of sward mode, after grass grows to certain altitude, cradles, covers on soil.Its advantage to prevent erosion, improve soil organic matter content: shortcoming be sometimes with fruit tree root competition nutrition, improve management cost.
(4), no-tillage system: namely with weed killer herbicide, orchard weed killed, do not hoe up weeds, do not loosen the soil.Its advantage is saving of labor, effectively can prevent farmland running to weeds, soil protection structure; Shortcoming increases cost, has certain pollution to soil.
But do not carry out before planting at present opening shapedly and culture fertility, it is shallow that fruit seedling plants rear plow layer, dysplasia, and fertility is low, and organic few, acid-base value is not suitable for, and brings larger puzzlement to plantation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of orchard soil improvement method.
In order to solve the problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of orchard soil improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1), high-temperature sterilization: in 6 ~ August after preceding crop is pulled up seedlings, every 70-80 kilogram, 667 square metres of liming nitrogen, pulverizing wheat straw 500 ~ 1000 kilograms, rotary tillage, rake, do ridge or by crop row apart from opening 30 centimetres of dark ditches, fill out and execute wheat straw or corn stalk 3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, chicken manure 5-6 cubic meter for every 667 square metres, cover table soil and become ridge, to obturage greenhouse film, pour water after covering tightly mulch film, Exposure to Sunlight high temperature treatment is after 15 ~ 20 days, behind greenhouse, every strain 500 ~ 1000 times of Avermectin liquid 200 milliliters fill with root, and the effect of control soil-borne disease insect pest can be better;
2), irrigate desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching method: when summer changes crops idle, fill fresh water, form the ponding of 3 ~ 5 centimetres, discharged by water after soil salt fully dissolves from drain ditch in greenhouse, effect reduces the salinity in soil;
3), appropriate fertilization method: carrying out rational application of fertilizers by surveying soil, strictly controlling applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and CO fertilizer etc. should be enriched.It is good that fertilizer aspect will enrich improving soil, increase become thoroughly decomposed crops straw, barnyard manure, horsehit, cow dung, widely popularize straw-returning, can 667 square metres of paddy and wheat, maize straws 800 kilograms covering chopping, evenly plough deeply, improvement soil;
4), adapt to cultivation: select the kind of disease-resistant Salt And Alkali Tolerance and carry out sapling grafting and change root cultivation, the crop of not equal genus is arranged to carry out crop rotation the interval by 3 ~ 5 years, carry out mixed with Avermectin of inducer Apollo is sprayed or fills with root, must speed to go out granule 15 grams/m of root-knot nematodes that can prevent and treat in soil with fungal bio-nematicide 33 milliliters/square metre or 98%, by rice husk: the peat composed of rotten mosses: argol chicken manure is filled in greenhouse trough in every 667 square metres of the organic matter of 2:1:1 ratio formula with 35 cubic metres, coordinate the use organic matter of drip irrigation can use two seasons of growth, it can be used as afterwards in incorporation of fertilizerin the soil.
Aforesaid a kind of orchard soil improvement method, it is characterized in that: described step 1), in July after preceding crop is pulled up seedlings, every 75 kilograms, 667 square metres of liming nitrogen, pulverizing wheat straw 800 kilograms, rotary tillage, rake, do ridge or by crop row apart from opening 30 centimetres of dark ditches, fill out and execute wheat straw or corn stalk 3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, chicken manure 6 cubic metres for every 667 square metres, cover table soil and become ridge
Aforesaid a kind of orchard soil improvement method, is characterized in that: described step 1), greenhouse film of obturaging, pour water after covering tightly mulch film, Exposure to Sunlight high temperature treatment is after 17 days, and behind greenhouse, every strain 800 times of Avermectin liquid 200 milliliters fill with root, and the effect of control soil-borne disease insect pest can be better.
Aforesaid a kind of orchard soil improvement method, is characterized in that: described step 4), adopts inducer Apollo 1000 times of liquid spray with mixed the carrying out of Avermectin 1000 times of liquid or fill with root.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches: orchard soil improvement method of the present invention can effectively improve the orchard soil content of organic matter, improve soil aggregate and P in soil H value, improve Mineral Elements Content of Soil, can Shaoshi chemical fertilizer, healthy green food is provided while reducing orchard cost, increase substantially output, produced more safe and reliable.
Embodiment
Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
A kind of orchard soil improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1), high-temperature sterilization: in 6 ~ August after preceding crop is pulled up seedlings, every 70-80 kilogram, 667 square metres of liming nitrogen, pulverizing wheat straw 500 ~ 1000 kilograms, rotary tillage, rake, do ridge or by crop row apart from opening 30 centimetres of dark ditches, fill out and execute wheat straw or corn stalk 3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, chicken manure 5-6 cubic meter for every 667 square metres, cover table soil and become ridge, to obturage greenhouse film, pour water after covering tightly mulch film, Exposure to Sunlight high temperature treatment is after 15 ~ 20 days, behind greenhouse, every strain 500 ~ 1000 times of Avermectin liquid 200 milliliters fill with root, and the effect of control soil-borne disease insect pest can be better;
2), irrigate desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching method: when summer changes crops idle, fill fresh water, form the ponding of 3 ~ 5 centimetres, discharged by water after soil salt fully dissolves from drain ditch in greenhouse, effect reduces the salinity in soil;
3), appropriate fertilization method: carrying out rational application of fertilizers by surveying soil, strictly controlling applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and CO fertilizer etc. should be enriched.It is good that fertilizer aspect will enrich improving soil, increase become thoroughly decomposed crops straw, barnyard manure, horsehit, cow dung, widely popularize straw-returning, can 667 square metres of paddy and wheat, maize straws 800 kilograms covering chopping, evenly plough deeply, improvement soil;
4), adapt to cultivation: select the kind of disease-resistant Salt And Alkali Tolerance and carry out sapling grafting and change root cultivation, the crop of not equal genus is arranged to carry out crop rotation the interval by 3 ~ 5 years, carry out mixed with Avermectin of inducer Apollo is sprayed or fills with root, must speed to go out granule 15 grams/m of root-knot nematodes that can prevent and treat in soil with fungal bio-nematicide 33 milliliters/square metre or 98%, by rice husk: the peat composed of rotten mosses: argol chicken manure is filled in greenhouse trough in every 667 square metres of the organic matter of 2:1:1 ratio formula with 35 cubic metres, coordinate the use organic matter of drip irrigation can use two seasons of growth, it can be used as afterwards in incorporation of fertilizerin the soil.
Described step 1), in July after preceding crop is pulled up seedlings, every 75 kilograms, 667 square metres of liming nitrogen, pulverizing wheat straw 800 kilograms, rotary tillage, rake, do ridge or by crop row apart from opening 30 centimetres of dark ditches, fill out and execute wheat straw or corn stalk 3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, chicken manure 6 cubic metres for every 667 square metres, cover table soil and become ridge
Described step 1), greenhouse film of obturaging, pours water after covering tightly mulch film, and Exposure to Sunlight high temperature treatment is after 17 days, and behind greenhouse, every strain 800 times of Avermectin liquid 200 milliliters fill with root, and the effect of control soil-borne disease insect pest can be better.
Described step 4), adopts inducer Apollo 1000 times of liquid spray with mixed the carrying out of Avermectin 1000 times of liquid or fill with root.
In sum: orchard soil improvement method of the present invention can effectively improve the orchard soil content of organic matter, improve soil aggregate and P in soil H value, improve Mineral Elements Content of Soil, can Shaoshi chemical fertilizer, healthy green food is provided while reducing orchard cost, increase substantially output, produced more safe and reliable.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. an orchard soil improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1), high-temperature sterilization: in 6 ~ August after preceding crop is pulled up seedlings, every 70-80 kilogram, 667 square metres of liming nitrogen, pulverizing wheat straw 500 ~ 1000 kilograms, rotary tillage, rake, do ridge or by crop row apart from opening 30 centimetres of dark ditches, fill out and execute wheat straw or corn stalk 3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, chicken manure 5-6 cubic meter for every 667 square metres, cover table soil and become ridge, to obturage greenhouse film, pour water after covering tightly mulch film, Exposure to Sunlight high temperature treatment is after 15 ~ 20 days, behind greenhouse, every strain 500 ~ 1000 times of Avermectin liquid 200 milliliters fill with root, and the effect of control soil-borne disease insect pest can be better;
2), irrigate desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching method: when summer changes crops idle, fill fresh water, form the ponding of 3 ~ 5 centimetres, discharged by water after soil salt fully dissolves from drain ditch in greenhouse, effect reduces the salinity in soil;
3), appropriate fertilization method: carry out rational application of fertilizers by surveying soil, strict control applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and CO fertilizer etc. should be enriched, it is good that fertilizer aspect will enrich improving soil, increase become thoroughly decomposed crops straw, barnyard manure, horsehit, cow dung, widely popularize straw-returning, can 667 square metres of paddy and wheat, maize straws 800 kilograms covering chopping, evenly plough deeply, improvement soil;
4), adapt to cultivation: select the kind of disease-resistant Salt And Alkali Tolerance and carry out sapling grafting and change root cultivation, the crop of not equal genus is arranged to carry out crop rotation the interval by 3 ~ 5 years, carry out mixed with Avermectin of inducer Apollo is sprayed or fills with root, must speed to go out granule 15 grams/m of root-knot nematodes that can prevent and treat in soil with fungal bio-nematicide 33 milliliters/square metre or 98%, by rice husk: the peat composed of rotten mosses: argol chicken manure is filled in greenhouse trough in every 667 square metres of the organic matter of 2:1:1 ratio formula with 35 cubic metres, coordinate the use organic matter of drip irrigation can use two seasons of growth, it can be used as afterwards in incorporation of fertilizerin the soil.
2. a kind of orchard soil improvement method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 1), in July after preceding crop is pulled up seedlings, every 75 kilograms, 667 square metres of liming nitrogen, pulverizing wheat straw 800 kilograms, rotary tillage, rake, do ridge or by crop row apart from opening 30 centimetres of dark ditches, fill out and execute wheat straw or corn stalk 3000 kilograms, 50 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, chicken manure 6 cubic metres for every 667 square metres, cover table soil and become ridge.
3. a kind of orchard soil improvement method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step 1), to obturage greenhouse film, pour water after covering tightly mulch film, Exposure to Sunlight high temperature treatment is after 17 days, behind greenhouse, every strain 800 times of Avermectin liquid 200 milliliters fill with root, and the effect of control soil-borne disease insect pest can be better.
4. a kind of orchard soil improvement method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described step 4), adopts inducer Apollo 1000 times of liquid spray with mixed the carrying out of Avermectin 1000 times of liquid or fill with root.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510950959.6A CN105493678A (en) | 2015-12-19 | 2015-12-19 | Method for improving orchard soil |
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| CN201510950959.6A CN105493678A (en) | 2015-12-19 | 2015-12-19 | Method for improving orchard soil |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105940807A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Method using crops wrack to improve soil |
| CN105940802A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 孙垂荣 | Environment-friendly reduction-method soil disinfection and sterilization process |
| CN106171110A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of planting lawn in saline-alkali soil modifying agent and modification method thereof |
| CN106577129A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-04-26 | 张孜钊 | Application of lonicera japonica standing timber and stalks thereof in production of high-quality fruits |
| CN107197634A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-26 | 金寨县果兴果业农业科技开发有限公司 | Yellow peach planting base soil improvement method |
| CN107820763A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-23 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | One kind improves the infiltrative method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms soil |
| CN110050538A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 云南佳海农业产业有限公司 | A kind of Lisianthus planting soil modification method |
| CN113170621A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-27 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Comprehensive treatment method for continuous cropping salinized facility soil |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105940802A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 孙垂荣 | Environment-friendly reduction-method soil disinfection and sterilization process |
| CN105940802B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-14 | 孙垂荣 | Environmental preservation type reducing process soil disinfection sterilization process |
| CN105940807A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Method using crops wrack to improve soil |
| CN106171110A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of planting lawn in saline-alkali soil modifying agent and modification method thereof |
| CN106577129A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-04-26 | 张孜钊 | Application of lonicera japonica standing timber and stalks thereof in production of high-quality fruits |
| CN107197634A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-26 | 金寨县果兴果业农业科技开发有限公司 | Yellow peach planting base soil improvement method |
| CN107820763A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-23 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | One kind improves the infiltrative method of flour sand Muddy Bottoms soil |
| CN110050538A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 云南佳海农业产业有限公司 | A kind of Lisianthus planting soil modification method |
| CN113170621A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-27 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Comprehensive treatment method for continuous cropping salinized facility soil |
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