ഫലകം:Infobox calcium
ദൃശ്യരൂപം
Calcium | |||||||||||||||
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Appearance | dull gray, silver; with a pale yellow tint[1] | ||||||||||||||
Calcium ആവർത്തനപ്പട്ടികയിൽ | |||||||||||||||
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ഗ്രൂപ്പ് | group 2 (alkaline earth metals) | ||||||||||||||
പിരീഡ് | period 4 | ||||||||||||||
ബ്ലോക്ക് | s-block | ||||||||||||||
ഇലക്ട്രോൺ വിന്യാസം | [Ar] 4s2 | ||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 8, 2 | ||||||||||||||
Physical properties | |||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | solid | ||||||||||||||
ദ്രവണാങ്കം | 1115 K (842 °C, 1548 °F) | ||||||||||||||
ക്വഥനാങ്കം | 1757 K (1484 °C, 2703 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Density (near r.t.) | 1.55 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
when liquid (at m.p.) | 1.378 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
ദ്രവീകരണ ലീനതാപം | 8.54 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 154.7 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Molar heat capacity | 25.929 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
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Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | +1,[2] +2 (a strongly basic oxide) | ||||||||||||||
Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.00 | ||||||||||||||
അയോണീകരണ ഊർജം |
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ആറ്റോമിക ആരം | empirical: 197 pm | ||||||||||||||
കൊവാലന്റ് റേഡിയസ് | 176±10 pm | ||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 231 pm | ||||||||||||||
Spectral lines of calcium | |||||||||||||||
Other properties | |||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||
ക്രിസ്റ്റൽ ഘടന | face-centered cubic (fcc) | ||||||||||||||
Speed of sound thin rod | 3810 m/s (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||
Thermal expansion | 22.3 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) | ||||||||||||||
താപചാലകത | 201 W/(m⋅K) | ||||||||||||||
Electrical resistivity | 33.6 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||
കാന്തികത | diamagnetic | ||||||||||||||
കാന്തികക്ഷമത | +40.0·10−6 cm3/mol[3] | ||||||||||||||
Young's modulus | 20 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Shear modulus | 7.4 GPa | ||||||||||||||
ബൾക്ക് മോഡുലസ് | 17 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Poisson ratio | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||
Mohs hardness | 1.75 | ||||||||||||||
Brinell hardness | 170–416 MPa | ||||||||||||||
സി.എ.എസ് നമ്പർ | 7440-70-2 | ||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||
Discovery and first isolation | Humphry Davy (1808) | ||||||||||||||
Isotopes of calcium | |||||||||||||||
Template:infobox calcium isotopes does not exist | |||||||||||||||
Ca · Calcium | ||
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→ H | ||
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indexes by PT (page) |
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
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Name and identifiers | |
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Pronunciation | |
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Standard atomic weight | |
most stable isotope | |
Oxidation states | |
Spectral lines image |
References
- ↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
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(help) - ↑ Krieck, Sven; Görls, Helmar; Westerhausen, Matthias (2010). "Mechanistic Elucidation of the Formation of the Inverse Ca(I) Sandwich Complex [(thf)3Ca(μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3)Ca(thf)3] and Stability of Aryl-Substituted Phenylcalcium Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132 (35): 12492–12501. doi:10.1021/ja105534w. PMID 20718434.
- ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
Two of these are named references. They may be cited in the containing article as
- <ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
- <ref name="West" /> for the source edited by Kneck et al.