Estudio de Dosificacion de Hormigones Drenantes
Estudio de Dosificacion de Hormigones Drenantes
Estudio de Dosificacion de Hormigones Drenantes
Resumen
El trabajo presentado en este estudio muestra la deduccin de una ecuacin que permite dosificar hormigones porosos en funcin de la razn agua-cemento
y del porcentaje de vacos interconectados que se requieren en el hormign endurecido. Usando esta ecuacin se analiz el comportamiento de 18 mezclas
de hormign poroso conteniendo razones agua-cemento entre 0,29 y 0,41. Las probetas fueron fabricadas en laboratorio y compactadas con rodillo pesado
simulando el proceso constructivo en terreno. Los resultados permiten caracterizas de buena forma el comportamiento estructural e hidrulico de estas
mezclas. Relaciones entre el porcentaje de vacos en el hormign endurecido y la tasa de infiltracin, la resistencia a flexotraccin y la densidad en estado
fresco son presentadas.
Palabras Clave: Hormign poroso, pavimentos porosos, permeable, drenante, infiltracin
Abstract
The present research shows the results of an equation that allows to dose pervious concrete in function of water to cement ratio and the required interconnected
void content in hardened concrete. Eighteen different mixtures - with w/c ratio between 0.29 and 0.41- were analyzed using this equation. The samples
were made in the laboratory and compacted with a heavy roller simulating site conditions. The results allow a good characterization of these mixtures both
mechanical and hydraulic behavior. Relationships between void contents, infiltration rate and flexural strength were found.
Keywords: Porous concrete, pervious pavement, infiltration
1. Introduccin
1. Introduction
271
272
2. Sistema de dosificacin
273
Vacos iniciales
del rido
Aggregate initial
voids
Va
Aridos
Aggregates
Aridos
+
Pasta
Situacin Inicial
Initial situation
Vad
Pasta/Paste
Pasta
Vp
Vf
Aridos
Aggregates
Aridos
Situacin Final
Final situation
Figura 1. Efecto de la inclusin de pasta de cemento en el rido con alto contenido inicial de vacos
Figure 1. Effect of including cement paste in the aggregate with high content of initial voids
A+ C +W
=
(2)
1 + Vad
Va Vp + Vad
(3)
Porcentaje de vacos en la mezcla/Void content (Vm) =
1 + Vad
274
1 FC
Vad =
FC
(5)
Porcentaje de vacos en la mezcla Mixture/ void content (Vm) = (Va Vp) FC + (1 FC) (6)
1
D
Vp = Mc + ( w / c) + ad (8)
ad
c
275
1
Dad
+ ( w / c) +
FC
100
ad
c
(9)
3. Programa experimental
3. Experimental program
3.1 Materiales
En este estudio utiliz solamente agregado grueso
sin finos tamao mximo nominal de 10 mm granulometra
N8 segn norma ASTM C33 (ASTM, 2008) con densidad
de 1520 kg/m3, un porcentaje de huecos de 43%, y
absorcin del rido de 1.6%. Se us cemento portland
puzolnico de alta resistencia inicial con peso especifico
2.95 y aditivo plastificante reductor de agua en dosis de
0.5% del peso del cemento con peso especifico 1.16.
3.1 Materials
This research used only coarse aggregate with
maximum aggregate size of 10mm grading N 8, according
to ASTM C33 (ASTM, 2008) standard, with a unit weight
of 1520 kg/m3, void percentage of 43%, aggregate
absorption of 1.6%. Puzolanic Portland Cement with
high initial strength and gravity of 2,95 was used, and
also a water reducer admixture at 0.5% of the cement
weight with specific gravity of 1.16.
276
17%
19%
0.29
427
390
353
0.32
408
373
337
0.35
390
355
323
0.38
374
342
309
0.41
359
328
297
0.44
345
315
285
3.4 Testing
Three different tests were carried out: flexural
strength (rupture modulus), quantifying the interconnected
voids content, and permeation rate.
Because these concretes were designed to be
used in pavements, it was determined to do a flexure test
in 28 days, with loading at the thirds. Three dosing beams
received a flexure test.
277
278
Recalculated theorethical
voids (%)
Vacios teoricos
recalculados (%)
30
25
20
15
10
w/c > 0.40
w/c < 0.40
5
0
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
Figura 4. Comparacin entre porcentaje de vacos medidos y porcentaje de vacos tericos, calculados con Ecuacin (9) y (10)
Figure 4. Comparison between measured void content and theoretical void content calculated with Equation (9) and (10)
279
280
281
2.0
1.5
w/c = 0.44
w/c = 0.41
w/c = 0.38
w/c = 0.35
w/c = 0.32
w/c = 0.29
1.0
0.5
0.0
275 300 325 350 375 400 425 450
Resistencia a flexotraccion
a 28 d (MPa)
Resistencia a flexotraccion
a 28 d (MPa)
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
w/c = 0.38
w/c = 0.35
w/c = 0.32
w/c = 0.29
0.5
0.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
(a)
30.0
(b)
3.5
10.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
(a)
1.0
5
10
15
20
25
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
Infiltration rate
(mm/s)
3.0
Tasa de infiltracion
(mm/s)
12.0
Flexural strength
at 28 d, Rft (MPa)
Resistencia a flexotraccion
a 28d, Rft (MPa)
30
35
0.0
0
10
15
20
25
30
(b)
35
Figura 6. Relacin entre porcentaje real de huecos y: a) la resistencia a flexotraccin a 28 das y, b) la tasa de infiltracin
Figure 6. Relation between actual void content and: (a) The 28 days flexural strength and b) Permeation rate
282
Density of fresh
concrete, D (kg/m3)
32
28
28
20
16
12
8
4
10
15
20
25
30
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
0
24
32
35
Tiempo permeametro
de carga variable (s)
2200
Densidad hormigon
fresco, D (kg/m3)
Figura 7. Correlacin entre el porcentaje real de huecos y: a) el tiempo medido usando el permemetro de carga variable y,
b) la densidad en estado fresco del hormign compactado con rodillo
Figure 7. Correlation between the real content of voids and: a) The time measured using the variable load permeameter
b) Fresh unit weight of roller compacted fresh concrete.
5. Conclusiones
5. Conclusion
283
6. Agradecimientos
6. Acknowledgments
7. Referencias / References
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Castro J. (2004), Diseo de mezcla y construccin de pavimentos de hormign poroso en Chile, Tesis de Magster, Pontificia Universidad
Catlica de Chile, 188 pp.
Debo T. y Reese A. (1995), Municipal Storm Water Management, Lewis Publishers. Londres, Inglaterra.
EPA (1999), Storm Water Technology Fact Sheet, Porous Pavement, EPA 832-F-99-023, Washington DC, USA.
FCPA (1990), Portland Cement Pervious Pavement Manual, Florida Concrete and Products Association Inc., Florida, USA.
Fernndez Luco L., Vitola L., Salminci P. (2002), Estado del arte en el uso de hormigones porosos, XII Congreso Argentino de Vialidad
y Trnsito, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tomo II, pp761. (Trabajo publicado posteriormente por la Revista Carreteras, Ao XLVI, Nmero
160).
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121, N6, pp. 476-484.
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Meininger R. (1988), No-Fines Pervious Concrete for Paving, Concrete International, Vol 10, N8, pp. 20-27.
Reyes F. y Torres A. (2002), Effect of plastic fibers on flexion of drainable pavement structures, Revista Ingeniera de Construccin, Vol
17, N2, Mayo-Agosto, pp 93-102.
Smith D. (2001), Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements, Selection, Design, Construction, Maintenance, Second Edition. Interlocking
Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI). Washington, DC, Estados Unidos.
Solminihac H., Videla C., Fernandez B. y Castro J. (2007), Desarrollo de mezclas de hormign poroso para pavimentos urbanos
permeables, Materiales de Construccin, Vol 57, 287, pp. 23-36.
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