Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

Jump to content

Mike Huckabee: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Undid revision 168461231 by Tdl1060 (talk)
m Redundant.
Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Governor of Arkansas from 1996 to 2007}}
{{Redirect|Huckabee|the 2004 film|I ♥ Huckabees}}
{{distinguish|Mike Huckaby}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox_Governor
{{Infobox officeholder
|name= Michael Dale Huckabee
| name = Mike Huckabee
|image = Mike Huckabee speaking at HealthierUS Summit.jpg
| image = File:Mike Huckabee by Gage Skidmore 6.jpg
|caption=
| caption = Huckabee in 2015
|order= 54<sup>th</sup>
| order1 = [[United States Ambassador to Israel|United States Ambassador-designate to Israel]]
|office= Governor of Arkansas
| term_start1 = ''TBD''
|term_start= [[July 15]] [[1996]]
| status1 = Nominee
|term_end= [[January 9]] [[2007]]
| term_end =
|lieutenant= [[Winthrop Paul Rockefeller]] (1996–2006)
| president1 = [[Donald Trump]]
|predecessor= [[Jim Guy Tucker]]
| predecessor =
|successor= [[Mike Beebe]]
| successor =
|order2=12<sup>th</sup> [[Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas]]
| succeeding1 = [[Jack Lew]]
|term_start2=[[November 20]] [[1993]]
| order2 = 44th
|term_end2=[[July 15]] [[1996]]
| office2 = Governor of Arkansas
|governor2=[[Jim Guy Tucker]]
| lieutenant2 = [[Winthrop Paul Rockefeller]] (1996–2006)<br>''None'' (2006–2007)
|predecessor2=[[Jim Guy Tucker]]
| term_start2 = July 15, 1996
|successor2=[[Winthrop Paul Rockefeller]]
| term_end2 = January 9, 2007
|birth_date= {{birth date and age|1955|08|24}}
| predecessor2 = [[Jim Guy Tucker]]
|birth_place= [[Hope, Arkansas]]
| successor2 = [[Mike Beebe]]
|death_date=
| office3 = Chair of the [[National Governors Association]]
|death_place=
| term_start3 = July 18, 2005
|spouse= Janet Huckabee
| term_end3 = August 7, 2006
|alma_mater=[[Ouachita Baptist University]]
| predecessor3 = [[Mark Warner]]
|profession= [[minister of religion|Minister]]
| successor3 = [[Janet Napolitano]]
|party= [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| office4 = 16th [[Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas]]
|religion=[[Southern Baptist]]
| governor4 = Jim Guy Tucker
|signature=Huckabeesig.png
| term_start4 = November 20, 1993
|footnotes=
| term_end4 = July 15, 1996
| predecessor4 = Jim Guy Tucker
| successor4 = Winthrop Paul Rockefeller
| birth_name = Michael Dale Huckabee
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|8|24}}
| birth_place = [[Hope, Arkansas]], U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Janet Huckabee|Janet McCain]]|1974}}
| children = 3, including [[Sarah Huckabee Sanders|Sarah]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Political commentator|politician|minister|guitarist}}
| education = [[Ouachita Baptist University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary]] (attended)
| website = {{URL|mikehuckabee.com|Official website}}
| signature = Mike Huckabee Signature.svg
}}
}}
{{Mike Huckabee series}}

'''Michael Dale Huckabee''' ({{IPAc-en|'|h|ʌ|k|ə|b|i}}, born August 24, 1955) is an American political commentator, Baptist minister, and former politician who served as the 44th [[governor of Arkansas]] from 1996 to 2007.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/02/25/jindal.reaction/index.html |title=Jindal earns bad reviews in national debut |last=Mooney |first=Alexander |date=February 26, 2009 |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=January 9, 2015}}<br/>{{cite news |publisher=[[Arkansas News Bureau]] |url=http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/11/03/News/330343.html |title=Huckabee remains the highest-rated political figure in the state |date=November 3, 2005 |access-date=October 26, 2007 |last=Sadler |first=Aaron |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071014223541/http://arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/11/03/News/330343.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = October 14, 2007}}</ref> He was a candidate for the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] [[United States presidential primary|presidential nomination]] in both [[Mike Huckabee 2008 presidential campaign|2008]] and [[Mike Huckabee 2016 presidential campaign|2016]].

He is the host of the talk show ''[[Huckabee]]'', which ran on the [[Fox News Channel]] from 2008 to 2015, and has run on [[Trinity Broadcasting Network|TBN]] since October 2017. He paused the show in January 2015 in order to explore a potential bid for the presidency. From April 2012 through December 2013, he hosted a daily radio program, ''The Mike Huckabee Show'', on weekday afternoons for [[Cumulus Media Networks]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=2012-02-09 |title=New Huckabee Radio Show Could Vie With Limbaugh |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/09/business/media/mike-huckabee-to-begin-new-radio-show.html |access-date=2024-06-19 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Huckabee is an ordained [[Southern Baptist]] [[Minister (Christianity)|Pastor]] noted for his evangelical views,<ref>{{cite web |last=Miller|first=Joe|title=Ask FactCheck: Huckabee an Evangelical?|date=February 4, 2008|url=http://www.factcheck.org/2008/02/huckabee-an-evangelical/|publisher=[[FactCheck.org]]|access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref> a musician, and a public speaker. He has written several books, and was previously a political commentator on ''[[The Huckabee Report]]''.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 14, 2014 |title=Mike Huckabee Fast Facts |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>

In the 2008 Republican presidential primaries, Huckabee won the [[Iowa Republican caucuses, 2008|2008 Iowa Republican caucuses]] and finished second in delegate count and third in both popular vote and number of states won, behind [[John McCain]] and [[Mitt Romney]]. Huckabee ran again for the [[Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016|Republican nomination]] in the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential election]] but withdrew early in the primary following a disappointing finish in the [[2016 Iowa Republican caucuses|Iowa caucus]].


Huckabee is the father of [[Sarah Huckabee Sanders]], the [[governor of Arkansas]] since 2023 and a former [[White House Press Secretary|White House press secretary]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Schonfeld |first1=Zach |title=Sarah Sanders wins Arkansas governor's mansion |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3721608-sarah-sanders-wins-arkansas-governors-mansion/ |access-date=November 8, 2022 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |publisher=[[Nexstar Media Group]] |date=November 8, 2022}}</ref>
'''Michael Dale "Mike" Huckabee''' (born [[August 24]] [[1955]]) is a former [[Governor of Arkansas|governor]] of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Arkansas]], having served from 1996 to 2007. He was the third [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] governor of the state since [[Reconstruction]] and was the highest rated political figure in Arkansas for parts of his tenure.<ref name="ANB">{{cite news| publisher=Arkansas News Bureau | url=http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/11/03/News/330343.html | title=Huckabee remains the highest-rated political figure in the state | date=2005-11-03 | accessdate=2007-10-26 | last=Sadler | first=Aaron}}</ref> He officially announced his candidacy for the [[2008 United States presidential election]] on [[January 28]] [[2007]], and he has been running a national campaign since then.


On November 12, 2024, it was announced that [[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]] [[Donald Trump]] would be nominating Huckabee as [[United States Ambassador to Israel]]. Trump stated that Huckabee would "bring peace to the Middle East."<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 Nov 2024 |title=Trump picks former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee to be ambassador to Israel |url=https://apnews.com/article/f51121db5b18814bbab014e872c2a736 |access-date=12 Nov 2024 |work=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Valencia |first=Jamel |date=November 12, 2024 |title=Mike Huckabee to aim for Middle East peace as new U.S. Ambassador to Israel |url=https://kfoxtv.com/news/nation-world/mike-huckabee-to-aim-for-middle-east-peace-as-new-us-ambassador-to-israel-former-governor-of-arkansas-donald-trump-nomination |access-date=November 12, 2024 |website=KFOX |language=en}}</ref>
Huckabee is an ordained [[Southern Baptist]] [[Minister (Christianity)|minister]] and considered a strong social conservative. He is well known for losing 110 pounds in a very short time and advocating a healthy lifestyle.<ref name="lifestyle">{{cite news | url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_kmnew/is_200505/ai_n15358218 | publisher=Newsweek | date=2005-05 | accessdate=2007-10-28 | title=Campaigning for a Healthier America | last=Barrett | first=Jennifer }}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Huckabee was born on August 24, 1955, in [[Hope, Arkansas]],<ref name="Barone 136–137">{{cite book |last=Barone |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Barone (pundit) |url=https://archive.org/details/almanacofamerica00 |title=The Almanac of American Politics |last2=Ujifusa |first2=Grant |work=[[National Journal]] |year=1999 |isbn=0-8129-3194-7 |location=Washington, D.C. |pages=[https://archive.org/details/almanacofamerica00/page/136 136–7] |url-access=registration}}</ref> the son of Dorsey Wiles Huckabee (1923–1996) and his wife Mae (Elder) Huckabee (1925–1999), conservative Southern Democrats. Huckabee is of [[English Americans|English]], [[German Americans|German]], and [[Scotch-Irish Americans|Scots-Irish]] ancestry, with roots in America dating to the [[Colonial Era]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/2015/01/05/Mike-Huckabee-13-Things-You-Didn-t-Know-About-Him |title=Mike Huckabee: 13 Things You Didn't Know About Him |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=[[The Fiscal Times]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=August 14, 2014 |last=Reitwiesner |first=Williams A. |title=The Ancestors of Mike Huckabee |url=http://www.wargs.com/political/huckabee.html |website=William Addams Reitwiesner Genealogical Services |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref> He has cited his working-class upbringing as the reason for his political views;<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2008/blog/2008/01/in_close_contest_huckabee_hits.html|title=Online NewsHour: Reporters' Blog &#124; In Close Contest, Huckabee Hits States Rights, Populist Themes &#124; January 19, 2008|publisher=[[PBS]]|date=January 19, 2008|access-date=June 13, 2010|archive-date=October 29, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029061146/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/vote2008/blog/2008/01/in_close_contest_huckabee_hits.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> his father worked as a fireman and mechanic, and his mother worked as a clerk at a gas company.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |url=https://abcnews.go.com/WN/WhoIs/story?id=3746628&page=1|title=Get to Know Mike Huckabee;Former Arkansas Governor Hopes to Go From the Pulpit to the Oval Office|date=October 18, 2007|access-date=November 17, 2007|last=Wiener|first=Jared}}</ref>
Huckabee was born in [[Hope, Arkansas]], to Mae Elder and Dorsey W. Huckabee. He was elected Governor of Arkansas [[Boys State]] in [[1972]] and is a Hugh O'Brian Youth Leadership Alumnus. He was president of Hope High School in 1973.<ref name="scottparks">{{cite news | last=Parks | first=Scott | date=1997-03-09 | title=Huckabee's not preaching to choir;Arkansas governor leads largely Democratic state | publisher=Dallas Morning News }}</ref> He graduated [[Latin honors|magna cum laude]] from [[Ouachita Baptist University]], completing his [[bachelors degree]] in 2½ years before attending [[Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary]] in [[Fort Worth, Texas]].<ref name="mikebio">{{cite web| url=http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=About.Home |title=Official biography| accessdate=2007-10-26}}</ref>


His first job, when he was 14, was at a radio station, where he read the news and weather.<ref>{{cite book |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |title=Character Is The Issue |url=https://archive.org/details/characterisissue0000huck |url-access=registration |publisher=[[Broadman & Holman Publishers]] |year=1997 |location=Nashville |page=[https://archive.org/details/characterisissue0000huck/page/72 72]|isbn=9780805463675 }}</ref> He was elected governor of Arkansas by his chapter of the [[American Legion]]-sponsored [[Boys State]] program in 1972.<ref name="Barone 136–137"/> He was student council vice president at [[Hope High School (Arkansas)|Hope High School]] during the 1971–1972 school year. He was student council president at Hope High School during the 1972–1973 school year.<ref name="scottparks">{{cite news |last=Parks |first=Scott |date=February 9, 1997 |title=Huckabee's not preaching to choir; Arkansas governor leads largely Democratic state |work=[[The Dallas Morning News]]}}</ref> He has one sister, Pat Harris, a middle school teacher.<ref name="brianlamb">{{cite news |publisher=[[C-SPAN]] |url= http://www.c-span.org/video/?185230-1/qa-mike-huckabee |title=Q&A by Brian Lamb interview with Mike Huckabee |date=February 13, 2005 |access-date=November 29, 2014}}</ref> He entered the ministry in 1972 at Garrett Memorial Baptist Church in Hope.
At 23, Huckabee was a staffer for [[James Robison]], a television evangelist.<ref name="scottparks"/> Robison commented, "His convictions shape his character and his character will shape his policies. His whole life has been shaped by moral absolutes."<ref name="scottparks"/> Huckabee believes in "Biblical inerrancy."<ref name="scottparks"/> Prior to his political career, Huckabee was pastor of several [[Southern Baptist Convention|Southern Baptist]] churches in [[Arkadelphia, Arkansas|Arkadelphia]], [[Texarkana, Arkansas|Texarkana]], and [[Pine Bluff, Arkansas]]. He encouraged the all white Immanuel Baptist Church to accept black members.<ref name="scottparks"/> He served as president of the Arkansas Baptist State Convention from 1989 to 1991 and as president of a religion-oriented television station.


Huckabee married [[Janet Huckabee|Janet McCain]] on May 25, 1974.<ref name="brianlamb"/><ref name="huckybio">{{cite web |url=http://www.mikehuckabee.com/about-mike-huckabee |title=Biography |work=Team Huckabee |publisher=Huckabee For President Inc. |access-date=December 17, 2007 |archive-date=June 7, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100607035636/http://www.mikehuckabee.com/about-mike-huckabee |url-status=dead }}</ref> He graduated from [[Ouachita Baptist University]] on May 8, 1978,<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Obu Catalogs|title=Ouachita Baptist University General Catalog 1977–1978" (1977)|date=January 1977|url=http://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/catalogs/24}}</ref> completing his [[bachelor's degree]] in religion before attending [[Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary]] in [[Fort Worth, Texas]]. He dropped out of the seminary after one year in order to take a job in Christian broadcasting.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chafets|first=Zev|date=December 12, 2007|title=The Huckabee Factor|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/12/magazine/16huckabee.html?_r=2&hp=&pagewanted=print&oref=slogin&oref=slogin}}</ref><ref name="mikebio">{{cite web |url=http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=About.Home|title=Official biography|access-date=October 26, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Appelbaum|first=Lauren|date=December 14, 2007|title=Huck on "Theology" Degree|publisher=[[NBC News]] |url=http://firstread.nbcnews.com/_news/2007/12/14/4432349-huck-on-theology-degree}}</ref>
==Early political career==
In Huckabee's first political race, he lost to [[incumbent]] U.S. Senator [[Dale Bumpers]] ([[United States Democratic Party|D]]) in 1992, receiving 40 percent of the vote.<ref>http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE5DE163FF936A35752C1A964958260</ref> That same election saw Arkansas Governor [[Bill Clinton]] ascend to the Presidency. This made Lieutenant Governor [[Jim Guy Tucker]] the new Governor. Huckabee narrowly won a [[special election]] for lieutenant governor over Nate Coulter, who had been Dale Bumpers campaign manager the previous year, on July 27, 1993.<ref>http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2519/is_n5_v14/ai_14558214/pg_2</ref> He then became only the second Republican since [[Reconstruction]] to have served as Arkansas lieutenant governor, the first being [[Maurice L. Britt]] from 1967 to 1971. Huckabee was re-elected to a full term as lieutenant governor in 1994 beating Charlie Cole Chaffin 59-41.<ref>http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=3929</ref> [[Dick Morris]], who had previously worked for [[Bill Clinton]], advised Huckabee on his races in 1993 and 1994.<ref name = "RexNelson">Nelson, Rex (July 2, 1995). "Clinton's Hired Gun Gives Huckabee Hand: Lieutenant Governor Shooting for Senate". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette</ref> Huckabee commented that Morris was a "personal friend".<ref name = "RexNelson"/> A newspaper article reported on Huckabee's 1993 win: "Morris said the mistake Republicans 'always make is that they are too much of a country club set. What we wanted to do was run a progressive campaign that would appeal to all Arkansans.'"<ref name = "RexNelson"/> Morris elaborated, "So we opened the campaign with ads that characterized Mike as more of a moderate whose values were the same as those of other Arkansans."<ref name = "RexNelson"/> In 1996, Huckabee ran for US Senate again and won the Republican nomination. He quit the US Senate race in order to become Governor.<ref>http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9905EEDB1E39F932A05756C0A960958260</ref>


==Governor of Arkansas==
==Pastoral career==
[[File:Mike Huckabee at Thomas Road Baptist Church.jpg|thumb|right|Huckabee playing bass guitar at [[Thomas Road Baptist Church]] in 2008]]
===Ascent to governorship===
At age 21, Huckabee was a staffer for [[Televangelism|televangelist]] [[James Robison (televangelist)|James Robison]].<ref name="scottparks"/> Robison commented, "His convictions shape his character and his character will shape his policies. His whole life has been shaped by moral absolutes."<ref name="scottparks"/> Prior to his political career, he served as pastor at Immanuel Baptist Church in [[Pine Bluff, Arkansas]], from 1980 to 1986, and the Beech Street First Baptist Church in [[Texarkana, Arkansas|Texarkana]], from 1986 to 1992.
On [[July 15]] [[1996]], Huckabee was sworn in as [[Governor of Arkansas]]; Tucker had resigned because of a felony conviction in the [[Whitewater scandal]]. He rescinded his resignation as Huckabee was preparing to be sworn in, but within a few hours reinstated his resignation because Huckabee had gone on television and threatened to initiate impeachment proceedings against Tucker, and Huckabee was sworn in.<ref name = "scottparks"/>


Huckabee started 24-hour television stations in both Pine Bluff and Texarkana, where he produced documentaries and hosted a program called ''Positive Alternatives''.<ref name = "Barone 136–137"/> He encouraged the all-white Immanuel Baptist Church to accept black members in the mid-1980s.<ref name="scottparks"/><ref name="Isikoff"/> Years later, he wrote about the insights he gained as a minister:
He proclaimed 1997 as a year of racial reconciliation.<ref name = "scottparks"/> He said, "Let every one of us make it our priority to bring reconciliation, not so much that we can force it or legislate it, because we cannot, but that we begin in each of our own lives to purpose in our hearts that we will not harbor anger, hostility, prejudice, bigotry and racism toward any person."<ref name ="State1997">Huckabee, Mike (January 15, 1997)."Text of Gov. Huckabee's State of the State address (part 2 of 2)." Arkansas Democrat-Gazette </ref>


{{blockquote|My experience dealing every day with real people who were genuinely affected by policies created by government gave me a deep understanding of the fragility of the human spirit and vulnerability of so many families who struggled from week to week. I was in the ICU at 2 a.m. with families faced with the decision to disconnect a respirator on their loved one; I counseled fifteen-year-old pregnant girls who were afraid to tell their parents about their condition; I spent hours hearing the grief of women who had been physically and emotionally clobbered by an abusive husband; I saw the anguish in the faces of an elderly couple when their declining health forced them to sell their home, give up their independence, and move into a long-term-care facility; I listened to countless young couples pour out their souls as they struggled to get their marriages into survival mode when confronted with overextended debt ...<ref>Huckabee, ''From Hope to Higher Ground'', p. 7</ref>}}
As governor, Huckabee signed legislation that created [[ARKids First]], a health insurance program which extended coverage to children of lower income families, and is funded in part by [[Medicaid]], [[State Children's Health Insurance Program|SCHIP]], and the tobacco industry lawsuit settlement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkidsfirst.com/home.htm|title=AR Kids First website|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref> The program cut the number of uninsured children to 9% in 2003, compared to 12% national level.<ref>{{cite news | title = America's 5 Best Governors | url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1129494,00.html | publisher = Time Magazine | date = [[2005-11-13]]}}</ref>


In 1989, Huckabee ran against [[Ronnie Floyd]] of Springdale for the presidency of the Arkansas Baptist State Convention. Huckabee won and served as president from 1989 to 1991.<ref>Robert Marus for the Associated Baptist Press. January 21, 2008 [https://www.baptiststandard.com/resources/archives/48-2008-archives/7450-huckabees-role-in-sbc-conflict-presaged-political-balancing-act Huckabee's role in SBC conflict presaged political balancing act] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160824024727/https://www.baptiststandard.com/resources/archives/48-2008-archives/7450-huckabees-role-in-sbc-conflict-presaged-political-balancing-act |date=August 24, 2016 }}</ref>
On [[May 22]] [[1998]], the Arkansas Ethics Commission fined Huckabee US$1,000 for failing to report campaign payments made to Huckabee and his wife.<ref>Duffy, Joan ([[May 23]] [[1998]]). "Ark. Governor to Pay Ethics Fine". The Commercial Appeal.</ref>


Huckabee has received two [[honorary doctor]]ates: a Doctor of Humane Letters, received from [[John Brown University]] in 1991, and a Doctor of Laws from [[Ouachita Baptist University]] in 1992.<ref>{{cite web|author=Talkers Magazine|title=defender of the month 1998|url=http://www.ccrkba.org/defender1998.htm#May|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512082835/http://www.ccrkba.org/defender1998.htm#May|archive-date=May 12, 2008|access-date=October 16, 2008|publisher=[[CCRKBA]]}}<br/>{{cite news|title=Mike Huckabee|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/h/mike_huckabee|access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>
===First full term===
In [[November]] [[1998]], Huckabee was elected to a full four-year term. He defeated retired Colonel Gene McVay of Fort Smith in the [[primary election|primary]] and Jonesboro attorney Bill Bristow, a Democrat, in the [[general election]].


==Political career==
On [[April 1]] [[1999]], a referendum which contained a 3 cent increase in tax on gasoline and a 4 cent increase on diesel tax was overwhelmingly passed by the support of 80% of Arkansas voters.<Ref>http://www.siouxcityjournal.com/articles/2007/08/04/news/iowa/0b84fa1a84daac668625732d000dd2fb.txt</ref> Attached to the bill was a bond issue to pay for highway construction. The Commercial Appeal reported: "All the diesel money will be earmarked to pay off the bonds or, if the bond issue fails, to directly finance repairs to the interstates. The gasoline tax money will finance work on non-interstate state roads, notably projects approved in a 1991 road program that without new money remains seven years from completion. Should the bond issue fail, the taxes would remain in place, lessening the chances that the trucking industry will campaign against the bonds." Huckabee commented that the bond issue "won't affect taxes, it will only affect construction acceleration".<ref>Duffy, Joan ([[April 2]] [[1999]]). "Huckabee signs bill to get roads, 'pride' restored success relies on June 15 bond vote". The Commercial Appeal.</ref>


===Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas, campaign 1992===
Huckabee led a public relations campaign for the bond program for road reconstruction.<ref>Pierce, Ray ([[June 15]] [[1999]]). Arkansas vote today on bond issue for highways". Arkansas Democrat Gazette.</ref> Arkansas voters had traditionally shied away from public debt, having experienced a major bond scandal that affected the state's finances for the latter half of the 19th century. This time, however, the voters approved Huckabee's program.<ref>Jefferson, James (June 16, 1999). "Voters Back Huckabee's Road Plan: 'Build Now, Pay Later' Parts With Tradition". The Commercial Appeal.</ref>


In Huckabee's first political race in 1992, he lost to incumbent Democratic senator [[Dale Bumpers]], receiving 40 percent of the vote in the general election.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/05/us/the-1992-elections-state-by-state-south.html|title=The 1992 Elections: State by State; South|date=November 5, 1992|newspaper=[[The New York Times]] | first1=James | last1=Bennet | first2=John H. Jr. | last2=Cushman | first3=James | last3=Dao | first4=Jason | last4=DeParle | first5=Clifford | last5=Krauss | first6=Stephen | last6=Labaton | first7=Neil A. | last7=Lewis | first8=David | last8=Margolick | first9=Maria | last9=Newman | first10=Martin | last10=Tolchin | access-date=May 12, 2010}}</ref> In the same election, Arkansas governor [[Bill Clinton]] was elected [[President of the United States|president]], making lieutenant governor [[Jim Guy Tucker]] the new governor when Clinton resigned the governorship. In 1993, Republican state chairman [[Asa Hutchinson]] urged Huckabee to run in the [[special election]] for lieutenant governor held on July 27. Realizing his loss came among key conservative Democrats, Huckabee ran a decidedly conservative campaign. In the subsequent general election, he defeated Nate Coulter, who had been Bumpers's campaign manager the previous year,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2519/is_n5_v14/ai_14558214/pg_2 |title=GOP wins one in Arkansas – Republican Party; Mike Huckabee &#124; Campaigns & Elections &#124; Find Articles at BNET.com<!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher=FindArticles |access-date=October 16, 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080107151043/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2519/is_n5_v14/ai_14558214/pg_2 |archive-date = January 7, 2008}}</ref> 51–49 percent.<ref name = "Barone 136–137"/> Huckabee became the second Republican since [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]] to serve as Arkansas lieutenant governor, the first having been [[Maurice Britt]] from 1967 to 1971.
Huckabee also led a campaign to dedicate via [[constitutional amendment]] one eighth of each cent of the state [[sales tax]] to improvement of the state's park system and natural resources. As part of the campaign, Huckabee traveled the entire length of the [[Arkansas River]] (the part within Arkansas) by boat.<ref>{{cite news | first=| last=Southern Governors Association| coauthors= | title=State Leadership and Best Practices in Conservation | date=2002-08 | publisher=Southerngovernors.org | url =http://www.southerngovernors.org/publications/PDF/StateWhitePaper.pdf | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref>


In his autobiography ''From Hope to Higher Ground'', Huckabee recalled the chilly reception that he received from the Arkansas Democratic establishment on his election as lieutenant governor: "The doors to my office were spitefully nailed shut from the inside, office furniture and equipment were removed, and the budget spent down to almost nothing prior to our arriving. After fifty-nine days of public outcry, the doors were finally opened for me to occupy the actual office I had been elected to hold two months earlier."<ref>Huckabee, ''From Hope to Higher Ground'', pp. 6–7</ref>
In [[1999]], the Arkansas Comprehensive Testing, Assessment and Accountability Program (ACTAAP) was established.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cgp.upenn.edu/ope_ar.html|title=Arkansas Value Added Assessment|accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://arkedu.state.ar.us/actaap/index.htm|title=Arkansas Comprehensive Testing, Assessment and Accountability Program|accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref> Huckabee acknowledged borrowing the K-12 public education program: <blockquote>"..I've been fortunate to become friends with Gov. Jim Hunt of North Carolina and Gov. George W. Bush of Texas. They've shared their comprehensive assessment and accountability programs. We now have statewide academic standards that allow us to set clear teaching objectives. We have statewide assessments linked to those standards. We have accountability systems with consequences for schools that fail to perform."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20010717234720/www.accessarkansas.org/governor/r08192000.html|title=Governor Huckabee's Radio Address August 19, 2000 Subj: Education |accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref> Subsequent legislation amended ACTAAP to make it conform to [[No Child Left Behind]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nclb.ecs.org/nclb/rpt_details.asp?survey=684|title=No Child Left Behind |accessdate=2007-10-06}}</ref></blockquote>


[[Dick Morris]], who had previously worked for [[Bill Clinton]], advised Huckabee on his races in 1993, 1994, and 1998.<ref name = "RexNelson">{{cite news |last=Nelson|first=Rex|date=July 2, 1995|title=Clinton's Hired Gun Gives Huckabee Hand: Lieutenant Governor Shooting for Senate|newspaper=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]}}</ref> Huckabee commented that Morris was a "personal friend".<ref name = "RexNelson"/> A newspaper article reported on Huckabee's 1993 win: "Morris said the mistake Republicans always make is that they are too much of a country club set. What we wanted to do was run a [[Progressivism in the United States|progressive]] campaign that would appeal to all Arkansans.{{Single+double}}<ref name = "RexNelson"/>
In 2000, Huckabee moved into a [[mobile home]] on the grounds of the [[Arkansas Governor's Mansion]] while the mansion was being renovated. The move became the topic of jokes on the evening talk show circuit. "It's not a trailer. It's a triple wide," Huckabee joked. Huckabee told [[Jay Leno]] that the 2,100-square-foot, $110,000 trailer (donated by the Arkansas Manufactured Housing Association) "was big enough for your chin." Huckabee said the move saved the state substantial money because support and security staff did not have to move to a new rented location.<ref>[http://www.stateline.org/live/ViewPage.action?siteNodeId=136&languageId=1&contentId=14103 Arkansas Gov To Call Modular Mansion Home - stateline.org - August 23, 2000]</ref>


Morris elaborated, "So we opened the campaign with ads that characterized Mike as more of a moderate whose values were the same as those of other Arkansans."<ref name = "RexNelson"/> Consequently, he abandoned his earlier support for the [[Council of Conservative Citizens]] (CofCC) when in April 1994 following an adverse media campaign against the CofCC, Huckabee withdrew from a speaking engagement before their national convention. He repeated the accusations made by various media and [[civil rights]] organizations such as the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]] recalling his past association with the CofCC saying, "I will not participate in any program that has [[racism|racist]] overtones. I've spent a lifetime fighting [against] racism and [[anti-Semitism]]."<ref>{{cite news |last=Duhart |first=Bill |title=Huckabee Won't Appear With Racist |newspaper=[[Philadelphia Tribune]] |date=April 12, 1994 |url=http://www.ferris.edu/isar/institut/CCC/philly.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924012016/http://www.ferris.edu/isar/institut/CCC/philly.htm |archive-date=September 24, 2015 }}</ref>
In 2000, Huckabee led a campaign to funnel 100 percent of the state's tobacco settlement revenues into the state's [[health care]] system, rather than into the general fund.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20010718003248/www.accessarkansas.org/governor/r01082000.html|title=Huckabee Radio Address Subj: Improving the health of Arkansans|accessdate=2007-10-07}}</ref>


In 1994, Huckabee was re-elected to a full term as lieutenant governor, beating Democratic candidate Charlie Cole Chaffin with nearly 59 percent of the vote.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=3929|title=1994 AR Lt. Governor Election Results|publisher=OurCampaigns.com<!--note: |date=??? (says "Last Modified: Site Builder July 13, 2005 11:50 pm", but it's for a poll that happened in 1994!)-->}}</ref> While lieutenant governor, Huckabee accepted $71,500 in speaking fees and traveling expenses from a nonprofit group, Action America. [[R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company|R. J. Reynolds]] was the group's largest contributor.<ref name="Isikoff">{{cite news |last=Bailey |first=Holly |last2=Isikoff |first2=Michael |date=December 8, 2007 |title=A Pastor's True Calling: Huckabee's success is due, in part, to right-time, right-place luck. But he says it comes from above. |url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/74469/output/print |access-date=December 14, 2007 |work=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref>
In 2000, Huckabee commented, "In almost four years as governor, no issue has excited Arkansans as much as the question of where the University of Arkansas should play its home football games. That debate attracted far more letters, e-mails and phone calls to the governor's office than any other issue we've faced. And those who contacted us felt strongly. I had made my feelings known to the University of Arkansas Board of Trustees, and those Arkansans who agreed with me were effusive in their praise. By the same token, some of those who disagreed were downright vicious in their comments."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20010717235043/www.accessarkansas.org/governor/r02262000.html|title=Huckabee Radio Address|accessdate=2007-10-07}}</ref>


In October 1995, [[David Pryor]] announced that he was retiring from the [[United States Senate]]. Huckabee then announced he was running for the open seat and moved ahead in the polls,<ref name = "Barone 136–137"/> but ultimately dropped out of the race to lead the state after incumbent governor [[Jim Guy Tucker]] resigned following his fraud and conspiracy convictions.<ref name="KevinSack"/>
On [[March 7]] [[2001]], Huckabee signed a tax on private nursing homes for $5.25 per day per non-Medicare patient.<ref>Osher, Chris (March 10, 2001). "Huckabee signs bed-tax bill for nursing homes". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette </ref> The same year, Huckabee was named “Friend of a Taxpayer” by American for Tax Reform (ATR) for his cut in statewide spending. <ref>http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NmNjMmI1ODhjNGVlZWFmNTlmMGNiZTVjYTg1NTUzMTk=</ref>.


During his campaign, Huckabee opposed in December then-governor Tucker's plan for a constitutional convention.<ref>{{cite news |last=O'Neal |first=Rachel |last2=Caldwell |first2=Elizabeth |title=Observers Say Arkansans: Arkansas voters didn't like the idea of allowing 26 appointed legislators to serve as delegates to a proposed constitutional convention |newspaper=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]] |date=December 14, 1995 }}</ref> The plan was defeated by voters, 80–20 percent, in a [[special election]]. In January 1996, Huckabee campaigned in televised ads paid for by the [[Republican National Committee]] and the [[Republican Party of Arkansas|Arkansas Republican Party]] against a highway referendum. Tucker supported the referendum, which included tax increases and a bond program, to improve {{convert|1300|mi}} of highway.<ref name="Oneal">{{cite news |last=O'Neal |first=Rachel |title=Road Vote |newspaper=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]] |date=January 11, 1996 }}</ref> On the referendum, the bond question, which included a sales tax increase and a gas tax increase, lost 87–13 percent. A second question, a five-cent increase on [[Diesel fuel|diesel]] tax, lost 86–14 percent.<ref name="Oneal"/><ref name="CharacterBook">{{cite book |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |title=Character Is The Issue |url=https://archive.org/details/characterisissue0000huck |url-access=registration |publisher=[[Broadman & Holman Publishers]] |year=1997 |location=Nashville |pages=[https://archive.org/details/characterisissue0000huck/page/65 65–67]|isbn=9780805463675 }}</ref> Huckabee also opposed Tucker's plan for school consolidation.<ref name="CharacterBook"/>
In [[April]] [[2001]], Canadian [[comedian]] [[Rick Mercer]] aired his ''[[Talking to Americans]]'' special; in it, Huckabee was recorded congratulating Canada on preserving its "National Igloo".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://video.canadiancontent.net/16321139-talking-to-americans-capitol-building-is-an-igloo.html|title=Canadian Content|accessdate=2007-04-23}}</ref>


===Governor of Arkansas, 1996–2007===
On [[April 11]] [[2001]], Huckabee signed the "Covenant Marriage Act", which is a marriage contract option that compels the couple to seek counseling if problems develop during the marriage, provides limited grounds for divorce or separation, and restricts lawsuits against spouses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/2001/scripts/ablr/bills/bills.asp?billno=HB2039|title="Covenant Marriage Act of 2001"|accessdate=2007-10-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nwamarriages.org/about/pdf/cov_marriage_app.pdf|title="Covenant Marriage Act 2001 Legal forms"|accessdate=2007-10-08}}</ref> Huckabee said the law, "offers couples a chance to be held to a higher level of marital commitment".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20011005123215/www.accessarkansas.org/governor/r05262001.html|title="Governor Huckabee's Radio Address Subj: Marriage"|accessdate=2007-10-08}}</ref>
{{Main|Governorship of Mike Huckabee}}
[[File:Opening Ceremonies of the Big Dam Bridge with Gov. Mike Huckabee.jpg|thumb|Governor Huckabee at Opening Ceremonies of the [[Big Dam Bridge]]]]
In May 1996, Tucker was convicted "on one count of arranging nearly $3 million in fraudulent loans" as part of the [[Whitewater controversy]]. The [[Arkansas Constitution]], like nearly all state constitutions in the United States, does not allow convicted felons to hold office. Tucker thus promised to resign by July 15.<ref name = "Barone 136–137"/> Huckabee then announced he would quit the Senate race and instead fill the unexpired term of Tucker.<ref name="KevinSack">{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9905EEDB1E39F932A05756C0A960958260 |title=Arkansan Quits Senate Race to Lead State |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |last=Sack |first=Kevin |date=May 31, 1996}}</ref> However, Tucker, insisting he had a strong case for appeal,<ref name="Barone 44">{{cite book |title=The Almanac of American Politics |last=Barone |first=Michael |last2=Ujifusa |first2=Grant |year=1999 |work=[[National Journal]] |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=0-8129-3194-7 |page=[https://archive.org/details/almanacofamerica00/page/44 44] |url=https://archive.org/details/almanacofamerica00/page/44 }}</ref> rescinded his resignation as Huckabee was preparing to be sworn in on July 15. Within a few hours, Tucker reinstated his resignation after Huckabee and the legislature threatened to initiate [[impeachment]] proceedings against Tucker.<ref name="scottparks"/> Huckabee was then duly sworn in as governor.


In [[1998 Arkansas gubernatorial election|November 1998]], Huckabee was elected to a full four-year term by defeating retired colonel Gene McVay in the primary and Jonesboro attorney and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] candidate Bill Bristow in the general election, becoming the state's third elected Republican governor since Reconstruction.
===Second full term===
According to a CNN exit poll, Huckabee received 48% of the African American vote in his 1998 election;<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.weeklystandard.com/weblogs/TWSFP/2008/01/could_mike_huckabee_be_america_1.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120015044/http://www.weeklystandard.com/weblogs/TWSFP/2008/01/could_mike_huckabee_be_america_1.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 20, 2008 |title=Could Mike Huckabee be America's Second Black President? |last=Faughnahan |first=Brian |date=January 15, 2008 |publisher=[[The Weekly Standard]] |access-date=January 7, 2015}}</ref> but some experts have questioned whether those numbers are a representative sample on how he did on the whole in the election.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ahead of debate, Huckabee's claim of black support questioned|url=http://archives.arkansasnews.com/2007/09/26/ahead-of-debate-huckabees-claim-of-black-support-questioned/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923194725/http://archives.arkansasnews.com/2007/09/26/ahead-of-debate-huckabees-claim-of-black-support-questioned/|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 23, 2015|newspaper=[[Arkansas News]]|date=September 26, 2007}}</ref>
[[Image:Gov-Huckabee-001.jpg|right|thumb|280px|Mike Huckabee speaking at a Southern California engagement in October of 2007.]]
In [[November]] [[2002]], Huckabee was reelected to his second (and final because of [[term limit]]s) four-year term. Huckabee narrowly defeated State Treasurer [[Jimmie Lou Fisher]], garnering 53 percent of the vote to her 47 percent. By the end of that term, Huckabee owned the third-longest tenure of any Arkansas Governor (only Democrats [[Orval Faubus]], who served six consecutive two-year terms (1955–1967), and [[Bill Clinton]], who served eleven years, eleven months (1979–1981; 1983–1992), had longer tenures).


In 2001, Huckabee was named "Friend of a Taxpayer" by [[Americans for Tax Reform]] for his cut in statewide spending.<ref name="Jennrubin">{{Cite web |last=Rubin |first=Jennifer |author-link=Jennifer Rubin (journalist) |date=February 12, 2007 |title=Taxing Claims: Is Mike Huckabee an "authentic conservative"? |url=http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/219944/taxing-claims/jennifer-rubin |access-date=January 9, 2015 |publisher=[[National Review]]}}</ref>
Huckabee was made the chair of the [[Southern Governors' Association]] in 1999 and served in that capacity through 2000. He has chaired the Southern Growth Policies Board, the Southern Region Education Board, the Southern Technology Council, and the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission, and currently serves as Chair of the [[Education Commission of the States]]. He is also a member of the [[Republican Governors Association]] and former chairman of the [[National Governors Association]].


In November 2002, Huckabee was reelected to his second four-year term by defeating State Treasurer [[Jimmie Lou Fisher]], garnering 53 percent of the vote. His reelection came despite the defeat in the general election of fellow Republican [[U.S. Senator]] [[Tim Hutchinson]].
On [[November 21]] [[2002]], the [[Arkansas Supreme Court]] declared that the state's school funding procedure was unconstitutional and ordered the state to produce a fair system. The Arkansas State Constitution contains a clause which mandates equitable public education which has been the basis for repeated lawsuits over the years.<ref>http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/data/constitution/ArkansasConstitution1874.pdf</ref><ref>http://normes.uark.edu/erps/erps_journal/ERPS%20VOL%202%20N2/pdf/1-21.pdf</ref><ref>http://startingat3.org/_documents/CaseLaw_AR_Lakeview.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.startingat3.org/state_laws/statelawsARdetail.html</ref> Huckabee proposed a plan that would consolidate schools districts of less than 1,500 students. The legislature rejected that and instead passed a plan in January 2004 that would consolidate school districts of less than 350.students.<ref>http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2004/01/28/News/111002.html</ref><ref>http://schoolfunding.info/states/ar/lit_ar.php3</ref> School consolidation is a contentious issue.<ref>http://www.stateline.org/live/ViewPage.action?siteNodeId=136&languageId=1&contentId=15409</ref><ref>http://blog.ruraledu.org/2006/09/paron_and_the_propagandist.html</ref>The issue would resurface when the Arkansas Supreme Court ruled again on school funding in December 2005.<ref>http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/12/17/News/332102.html</ref>


Huckabee received widespread praise for his state's rapid response to [[Hurricane Katrina]]. In 2005, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' named him one of the five best governors in the U.S., writing "Huckabee has approached his state's troubles with energy and innovation" and referred to him as "a mature, consensus-building conservative who earns praise from fellow Evangelicals and, occasionally, liberal Democrats."<ref name="time">{{Cite magazine |title=America's 5 Best Governors |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1129494,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051124053404/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1129494,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 24, 2005 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=November 13, 2005}}</ref> ''[[Governing (magazine)|Governing]]'' magazine likewise honored Huckabee as one of its 2005 Public Officials of the Year.<ref name="governing">{{cite web|last=Greenblatt|first=Alan|title=Public Officials of the Year: Mike Huckabee|url=http://www.governing.com/poy/Mike-Huckabee.html|access-date=January 8, 2015|work=[[Governing (magazine)|Governing]]|date=April 15, 2010}}</ref> Additionally, he was among those legislators given the APHA Distinguished Public Health Legislator of the Year Award by the [[American Public Health Association]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Previous APHA Distinguished Legislator of the Year Award Winners|url=http://www.apha.org/about-apha/apha-awards/apha-distinguished-public-health-legislator-of-the-year-award/previous-apha-distinguished-legislator-of-the-year-award-winners|access-date=January 10, 2015|website=[[American Public Health Association]]}}</ref> for that same year.
On [[May 8]] [[2003]], Huckabee signed into law increases in cigarette and tobacco taxes as well as a 3 percent income tax surcharge.<ref>Rowett, Michael and Wickline, Michael (May 9, 2003) "Legislature raises taxes to harvest $100 million". Arkansas Democrat Gazette. </ref>


In 2006, he was presented with [[AARP]]'s Impact Award for his health initiatives.<ref>{{Cite web|title=OASIS awards and achievements|url=http://www.oasisnet.org/AboutUs/History/Awards.aspx|access-date=January 10, 2015|publisher=OasisNet|archive-date=January 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150110192238/http://www.oasisnet.org/AboutUs/History/Awards.aspx|url-status=dead}}<br/>{{Cite web|date=August 20, 2009|title=Inspire Awards 2006 Honorees: Governor Mike Huckabee, Health Crusader|url=http://www.aarp.org/politics-society/advocacy/info-2005/impact_awards_huck.html|access-date=January 10, 2015|publisher=[[AARP]]}}</ref>
After [[Hurricane Katrina]] made landfall and an estimated 70,000 evacuees fled to Arkansas, Huckabee ordered state agencies to take care of them. State parks offered discounts, waived pet restrictions, and bumped other reservations in favor of evacuees. Pharmacists were given emergency authority to dispense prescriptions and provide access to dialysis machines. Shelters opened up in nearly every portion of the state, and Huckabee requested that the entire state be declared a disaster area. It was not. Many of these shelters, either closed or set to close, were reopened or kept open to process a "second wave" of Katrina evacuees moved from [[Texas]] in the wake of arriving [[Hurricane Rita]]. (See also [[Hurricane Katrina disaster relief]]).


In December 2008, Huckabee became an honorary member of [[Tau Kappa Epsilon]] fraternity. He said that did not have time to join a fraternity in college because he had to "cram four years into a little more than two". The fraternity's CEO said they were "very impressed with his character and the initiatives he headed" as governor.<ref>{{cite news|date=December 13, 2006|title=Arkansas Gov. Huckabee Joins a Fraternity|work=Fox News|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/arkansas-gov-huckabee-joins-a-fraternity|access-date=January 9, 2015}}</ref>
In [[November]] [[2005]], ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' named Huckabee one of the five best governors in the U.S.


By the end of his term, Huckabee held the 3rd-longest tenure of any Arkansas governor. Only Democrats [[Orval Faubus]], who served 6 consecutive 2-year terms (1955–1967), and [[Bill Clinton]], who served 11 years, 11 months (1979–1981; 1983–1992), had longer tenures.
In early 2006, Huckabee &mdash; along with fellow governors [[Rick Perry]] (R-[[Texas|TX]]); [[Jim Doyle]] (D-[[Wisconsin|WI]]); and [[Dave Freudenthal]] (D-[[Wyoming|WY]]) &mdash; went on a week long visit to the [[Middle East]] and [[South Asia]] as part of a [[Department of Defense]]-funded trip to provide the state leaders with an idea of the conditions under which American forces are serving. While visiting [[Baghdad]] and [[Tikrit]], Huckabee and the governors received briefings from Gen. [[George Casey]] and Amb. [[Zalmay Khalilzad]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2006/02/02/News/333735.html|title=
Governor sees progress in Iraq |accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref>


During his tenure as governor, Huckabee supported tax reforms including tax cuts and increases, that netted $505 million for the state.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.marketwatch.com/story/huckabee-in-tax-war-as-ex-governor-launches-white-house-bid-2015-05-05 |title= Huckabee in tax war as ex-governor launches White House bid |last1=Schroeder |first1=Robert |date=May 5, 2015 |publisher=[[MarketWatch]] |access-date=May 5, 2015}}</ref> According to columnist [[Margaret Carlson]], that money was used to improve roads, health care and schools in the state.<ref>Carlson, Margaret. [http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-01-07/bush-and-huckabee-get-ready-for-war "Bush and Huckabee Get Ready for War"], [[Bloomberg View]] (January 7, 2015): "He raised taxes to improve schools, roads and health care in Arkansas."</ref>
Huckabee has voiced his support of [[creationism]]. He was quoted in July 2004 on ''Arkansans Ask'', his regular show on the Arkansas Educational Television Network: "I think that [[students]] also should be given exposure to the theories not only of [[evolution]] but to the basis of those who believe in creationism." Huckabee also stated "I do not necessarily buy into the traditional [[Darwinism|Darwinian theory]], personally."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncseweb.org/resources/rncse_content/vol25/8118_is_evolution_arkansas39s_h_12_30_1899.asp|title=Arkansas Ask|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://progressiveconservatism.blogspot.com/index.html|title=www.ncseweb.org/resources/rncse_content/vol25/8118_is_evolution_arkansas39s_h_12_30_1899.asp|title=Arkansas Ask|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://progressiveconservatism.blogspot.com/index.html |title=Progressive conservatism article |accessdate=2007-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arktimes.com/Articles/print.aspx?ArticleID=e7a0f0e1-ecfd-4fc8-bca4-b9997c912a91 |title=The missing link| publisher=Arkansas Times| accessdate=2007-08-08}}</ref> In the Third GOP Debate in June 2007, Huckabee was asked by [[Tom Fahey]] whether he believed in evolution, and he responded, in part: "I don't think knowing that would make me a better or worse president."<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/us/politics/06transcript.html</ref>


====Clemencies====
Throughout his tenure as Governor, welfare rolls declined by nearly half and during his last year in office the state's economy grew 4.4%, beating the national average of 4.2%.<ref> http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1129494,00.html</ref>
{{Further|2009 Lakewood shooting|Wayne DuMond|Maurice Clemmons}}

As governor, Huckabee commuted and accepted recommendations for pardon for twice as many sentences as his 3 predecessors combined; in total: 1,033 prisoners.<ref name=" DeMillo ">{{cite news | url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2007-12-10-huckabee-pardons_N.htm|title= Huckabee Pardons Under Scrutiny |last= DeMillo| first=Andrew |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |agency= Associated Press|date=December 10, 2007|access-date=December 6, 2009}}</ref> Twelve had previously been convicted of murder.<ref name=" Tapper ">{{cite news | url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Vote2008/story?id=3983797&page=1|title= Huckabee's Plethora of Pardons, Former Arkansas Governor Faces Scrutiny for Having a Forgiving Spirit|last= Tapper|first= Jake |publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |date=December 11, 2007|access-date=December 6, 2009}}</ref> Though Huckabee pardoned more than his predecessors, the state prison size and number of people executed were greater as well,<ref>Associated Press (December 10, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140119115027/http://www.foxnews.com/story/2007/12/10/mike-huckabee-clemency-record-is-under-scrutiny/ Mike Huckabee's Clemency Record Is Under Scrutiny.] Fox News. Retrieved January 6, 2015.</ref> Huckabee denied 92% of all clemency requests during his 10.5 years as governor.<ref name="responsibility">{{Cite web |title=Huckabee: 'I take full responsibility" for shooting suspect's clemency - CNN.com |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/12/01/washington.police.huckabee/index.html?iref=24hours |access-date=2024-04-09 |website=edition.cnn.com |language=en}}</ref> Most pardons and commutations were not for prisoners but for those whose sentences had ended and who were seeking work.<ref>Adair, B. (December 28, 2007). [http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2007/dec/28/mitt-romney/yes-huckabee-pardoned-many/ Yes, Huckabee Pardoned Many.] PolitiFact. Retrieved January 6, 2015.<br/>Tapper, J. (December 11, 2007). [https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Vote2008/story?id=3983797&page=1&singlePage=true Huckabee's Plethora of Pardons.] ABC News. Retrieved January 6, 2015.</ref> Huckabee's pardons and commutations became an issue during the [[Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008|2008 Republican Primary]], with most of the controversy focusing on [[Wayne Dumond]].<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2007-12-10-huckabee-pardons_N.htm|title= Huckabee Pardons Under Scrutiny |last= DeMillo| first=Andrew |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |agency= Associated Press|date=December 10, 2007|access-date=December 6, 2009}}<br/>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/huckabee-freed-criminals/story?id=9207095 |title=Huckabee Helped Set Rapist Free Who Later Killed Missouri Woman |last=Schone |first=Mark |date=November 30, 2009 |publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |access-date=January 9, 2015}}</ref>

Huckabee's handling of clemency petitions received national attention in November 2009 with the case of [[Maurice Clemmons]], who had committed burglary without a weapon at 16. The Prison Transfer Board unanimously requested a sentence commutation for Clemmons as did the trial judge.<ref name=responsibility/> Clemmons's 60-year sentence was commuted by Huckabee to 47 years, making him eligible for parole if approved by the parole board. After parole in 2000, Clemmons was arrested for multiple offenses including [[child molestation]] and [[aggravated assault]] but was released after prosecutors declined to file charges. After Clemmons murdered four police officers in [[Lakewood, Washington]], a two-day manhunt ensued, and Clemmons was shot and killed by a [[Seattle Police Department]] officer after refusing police orders to stop charging the officer.<ref name="SeaTimes01Dec">{{cite news |last=Sullivan |first=Jennifer |last2=Rahner |first2=Mark |last3=Broom |first3=Jack |date=December 1, 2009 |title=Lakewood police shooting suspect killed by Seattle police officer in South Seattle early this morning |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2010393433_webarrest01m.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091204124651/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2010393433_webarrest01m.html |archive-date=December 4, 2009 |access-date=December 1, 2009 |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]]}}</ref> In his book about the shooting, ''The Other Side of Mercy'', Jonathan Martin of ''[[The Seattle Times]]'' wrote that Huckabee apparently failed to review Clemmons's prison file, which was "thick with acts of violence and absent indications of rehabilitation".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://blogs.seattletimes.com/opinionnw/2013/12/18/mike-huckabees-maurice-clemmons-problem/|title=Mike Huckabee's Maurice Clemmons problem|last=Martin|first=Jonathan|publisher=[[The Seattle Times]]|date=December 18, 2013|access-date=January 4, 2015|archive-date=April 2, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402154503/http://blogs.seattletimes.com/opinionnw/2013/12/18/mike-huckabees-maurice-clemmons-problem/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Huckabee defended his actions, stating that the recommendation to reduce the sentence was unanimous and supported by the trial judge, that the decision to parole him was made by the parole board, not him, and that Clemmons had been re-arrested and the decision not to file charges then had nothing to do with him.<ref>Huckabee, M. (December 1, 2009). [http://humanevents.com/2009/12/01/washington-state-tragedy Washington State Tragedy.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124171143/https://humanevents.com/2009/12/01/washington-state-tragedy/ |date=November 24, 2020 }} ''Human Events.'' Retrieved January 6, 2015.<br/>Smith, B. (October 18, 2010). [http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/1010/Huckabees_clemency.html Huckabee's Clemency.] ''Politico''. Retrieved January 6, 2015.<br/>{{cite news |last=Sterling |first=Amanda |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/blogs/2009/12/01/politics/politicalhotsheet/entry5854298.shtml |title=Huckabee Calls Criticisms Over Clemency "Disgusting" – Political Hotsheet |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=December 1, 2009 |access-date=June 13, 2010 }}</ref><ref name="ST1129">{{Cite news|title=Suspect let out of Pierce County jail one week ago |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]] |location=[[Seattle, Washington]] |date=November 29, 2009 |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2010386501_clemmons30m.html |access-date=November 30, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203102157/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2010386501_clemmons30m.html |archive-date=December 3, 2009 }}</ref>

===2008 presidential election campaign===

{{Main|Mike Huckabee 2008 presidential campaign}}
{{See also|2008 United States presidential election}}
Huckabee announced his run for the White House on ''Meet the Press'' on January 28, 2007.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 29, 2007 |title=Huckabee, the Jared Candidate? |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2007/01/29/the-jared-candidate |publisher=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}<br/>{{cite web |date=January 28, 2007 |title=Former AR Governor Mike Huckabee to Explore Presidential Bid |url=http://www.gwu.edu/~action/2008/huckabee/huck012807pr.html |publisher=[[George Washington University]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>

At the August 11 [[Iowa Straw Poll (1979-2011)|Iowa Straw Poll]], Huckabee took second place with 2,587 votes, roughly 18 percent, splitting the conservative Republican party votes amongst other candidates.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930102253/http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1652210,00.html What Iowa's Straw Poll Tells the GOP]" Time Online, August 11, 2007</ref> Huckabee spent $57.98 per vote in the Straw Poll, which is the lowest among the top three finishers.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 12, 2007 |last=Lawrence |first=Jill |title=Straw Poll: Huckabee Spent Just $58 Per Vote For 2nd Place and Revived Prospects |url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/onpolitics/post/2007/08/163446/1 |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref> Huckabee drew attention with an unconventional ad featuring [[Chuck Norris]].<ref>{{cite video | people = Mike Huckabee, Chuck Norris |title=HuckChuckFacts |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjYv2YW6azE | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211102/EjYv2YW6azE| archive-date=2021-11-02 | url-status=live| medium = television ad}}{{cbignore}} {{cite news |last=Patton |first=Christopher |title=Candidate ads play nice |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=November 28, 2007 |url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1107/7075.html |access-date=December 21, 2007}}</ref> In a later ad Huckabee wished voters a merry Christmas, and said that "what really matters is the celebration of the birth of Christ."<ref>{{cite video | people = Mike Huckabee |title=What really Matters |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xn7uSHtkuA | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211102/8xn7uSHtkuA| archive-date=2021-11-02 | url-status=live| medium = television ad}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In November 2007, Huckabee drew endorsements from a large number of religious activists, including [[Billy McCormack (Louisiana pastor)|Billy McCormack]], a pastor in [[Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport]], Louisiana, and a director and vice president of the [[Christian Coalition of America]], founded in 1988 by a previous presidential candidate, [[Pat Robertson]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pastors4huckabeeblog.com/prominent-pastors-christian-leaders-who-have-endorsed-huckabee/|title=Prominent Pastors and Christian Leaders Who Have Endorsed Huckabee|publisher=pastors4huckabeeblog.com|access-date=June 6, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711175928/http://pastors4huckabeeblog.com/prominent-pastors-christian-leaders-who-have-endorsed-huckabee/|archive-date=July 11, 2012}}</ref> He was criticized for using a bookshelf that resembled a cross in a Christmas commercial as a form of signaling to Christians, and laughed them off saying "I will confess this: If you play the spot backwards, it says, '[[Paul is dead]]. Paul is dead.{{'"}}<ref>Staff and Wire Reports for the Dallas News. December 20, 2007 [https://web.archive.org/web/20080919043143/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/nation/stories/DN-huckabee_20nat.ART.State.Edition1.36c953b.html Huckabee defends religious-themed Christmas ad]</ref><ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/politics-now-wrapped-in-holiday-cheer/ Politics, Now Wrapped in Holiday Cheer] CBS News, December 21, 2007</ref> He also faced a "drumbeat" of questions about the role of faith in his gubernatorial administration and about past statements he made in 1998 about the U.S. being a "Christian nation" in which he said, "I hope we answer the alarm clock and take this nation back for Christ." Huckabee told NBC that his comment was not politically incorrect and was "appropriate to be said to a gathering of Southern Baptists".<ref>{{cite news |date=December 31, 2007 |last=Sidoti |first=Liz |title=Huckabee Stands by 'Christ' Comment |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/politics/2007-12-30-4030361336_x.htm |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref> Huckabee has credited God with some of his political success.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Politics/story?id=3960611&page=1 Matter of Faith: Vote God 2008] December 5, 2007</ref>

On January 3, 2008, Huckabee won the [[2008 Iowa Republican caucuses|Iowa Republican caucuses]], receiving 34% of the electorate and 17 delegates, compared with the 25% of [[Mitt Romney]], who finished second, receiving 12 delegates; [[Fred Thompson]], who came in third place and received three delegates; [[John McCain]], who came in fourth place and received three delegates; and [[Ron Paul]], who came in fifth place and received two delegates.

[[File:Norrishuckabee.JPG|thumb|Huckabee with actor [[Chuck Norris]] in [[Londonderry, New Hampshire|Londonderry]], New Hampshire (2008)]]
On January 8, 2008, Huckabee finished in third place in the [[New Hampshire primary]], behind [[John McCain]] in first place, and [[Mitt Romney]] who finished second, with Huckabee receiving one more delegate for a total of 18 delegates, gained via elections, and 21 total delegates, versus 30 total (24 via elections) for Romney, and 10 for McCain (all via elections).

On January 15, 2008, Huckabee finished in third place in the [[2008 Michigan Republican primary]], behind [[John McCain]] in second place; [[Mitt Romney]], who finished first; and ahead of [[Ron Paul]], who finished in fourth place.<ref name="cnn">{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/primaries/results/state/#MI |title=CNN Politics Election Center 2008 | access-date=May 12, 2010}}<br/>{{cite news |url=http://www.politico.com/miprimaries/miprimaryjan080115.html |title=Overall Michigan Results |newspaper=[[Politico]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=January 9, 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Huckabee SC concession.JPG|thumb|left|Huckabee giving a speech following the South Carolina 2008 presidential primary in [[Columbia, SC]]]]
On January 19, 2008, Huckabee finished in second place in the [[2008 South Carolina Republican primary]], behind [[John McCain]], who finished first and ahead of [[Fred Thompson]], who finished third.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/primaries/results/state/#SC | publisher=[[CNN]] | title=Election Center 2008: Primary Results – Elections & Politics news from CNN.com}}</ref>

On January 29, 2008, Huckabee finished in fourth place in the Florida primary, behind [[Rudy Giuliani]] in third, [[Mitt Romney]] in second, and [[John McCain]] in first place.

On January 21, 2008, Huckabee received the endorsement of 50 African American leaders in [[Atlanta]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. The endorsers cited Huckabee's record on abortion, education, minorities, the economy, the prison system, and immigration as Arkansas governor.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/blogs/2008/01/21/politics/fromtheroad/entry3735143.shtml |title=Huckabee Courts Black Vote |last=Lin |first=Joy |date=January 21, 2008 |publisher=[[CBS News]] |access-date=January 9, 2015}}</ref> However, NBC reported that the endorsement of African American leaders at the Atlanta event was 36, and "most of them connected to conservative religious organizations".<ref>{{cite news |title=Conservative black leaders endorse Huckabee|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna22771493|agency=NBC News|date=January 21, 2008}}</ref>

On February 5, 2008, Huckabee won the first contest of "[[Super Tuesday]]", the [[West Virginia]] GOP state [[Political convention|convention]], but only after the McCain campaign provided their delegates, thereby giving Huckabee 52% of the electorate to [[Mitt Romney]]'s 47%.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/jonathanmartin/0208/Romney_loses_West_Virginia_.html |title=Romney Loses West Virginia! |publisher=[[Politico]] |access-date=June 13, 2010}}</ref> Backers of rival [[John McCain]] said they threw Huckabee their support to prevent Mitt Romney from capturing the winner-take-all GOP state convention vote.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 5, 2008 |title=Huckabee wins 18 W.Va. GOP delegates with help from McCain |url=http://abclocal.go.com/story?section=news/politics&id=5937117 |publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=January 6, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106232356/http://abclocal.go.com/story?section=news%2Fpolitics&id=5937117 |archive-date=January 6, 2015 }}</ref> Consequently, he also registered victories in [[Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and [[Tennessee]] on Super Tuesday, bringing his delegate count up to 156, compared with 689 for Republican party front-runner [[John McCain]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://politics.nytimes.com/election-guide/2008/results/gopdelegates/index.html |title=Election 2008: Results: Republican Delegate Count |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=January 9, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916170904/http://politics.nytimes.com/election-guide/2008/results/gopdelegates/index.html |archive-date=September 16, 2008 }}</ref>

[[File:Former Arkansas Governor and 2008 Republican presidential candidate Mike Huckabee with a supporter at a campaign rally in Wisconsin.jpg|thumb|Huckabee with a supporter at a campaign rally in [[Wisconsin]]]]
On February 9, 2008, Huckabee won the first election following Super Tuesday, by winning 60% of the vote in the [[2008 Kansas Republican caucuses|Kansas Republican Caucuses]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/primaries/results/state/#KS |title=Huckabee Wins Kansas |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=June 13, 2010}}</ref>
This was also the first contest to be held without [[Mitt Romney 2008 presidential campaign|Mitt Romney]], who was said to be splitting the conservative vote with Huckabee.<ref>{{cite news |last=Schneider |first=Bill |date=February 6, 2008 |title=Romney, Huckabee splitting conservative vote |url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/02/05/super.exit/?iref=mpstoryview |access-date=June 13, 2010 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Huckabee also won the [[2008 Louisiana Republican presidential caucuses and primary|Louisiana Republican Primary]] with 44% of the vote to John McCain's 43% in second. Although Huckabee won the primary he was not awarded any delegates, because of state party rules that stated a candidate must pass the 50% threshold to receive the state's pledged delegates.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/primaries/results/state/#val=LA |title=Huckabee wins Louisiana |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=June 13, 2010}}</ref>

On March 4, 2008, Huckabee withdrew from seeking the candidacy as it became apparent he would lose in Texas, where he had hoped to win, and that [[John McCain]] would get the 1,191 delegates required to win the Republican nomination. Huckabee finished the race with 240 pledged delegates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 6, 2016 |title=Results: Republican Delegate Count |url=https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2008/primaries/results/gopdelegates/index.html |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=March 23, 2017 }}</ref>

====Vice presidential candidate speculation====

Even though Huckabee had signed a television contract and a book deal with a pressing deadline, he was mentioned by most to be on then-presumptive Republican presidential nominee [[John McCain]]'s short list for his vice presidential [[running mate]]. The late pundit [[Tim Russert]] even referred to Huckabee as "Vice President Huckabee" several times when he appeared on ''[[Meet The Press]]'' on May 18, 2008.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna24693653 |title=Russert: Vice President Huckabee |publisher=[[NBC News]] |date=May 18, 2008 |access-date=June 13, 2010}}</ref> Huckabee was eventually passed over for [[Sarah Palin]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna25970882 |title=VP Pick Palin Makes Appeal to Women Voters |date=August 29, 2008 |publisher=[[NBC News]] |access-date=January 18, 2015}}</ref>

Former president [[Bill Clinton]] has praised Huckabee and stated that he is a rising star in the Republican Party. Clinton and Huckabee have collaborated on initiatives such as the fight against childhood obesity.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://communities.canada.com/shareit/blogs/theelephant/archive/2008/01/03/bill-clinton-at-des-moines-starbucks-talks-up-huckabee-downplays-hillary-expectations.aspx |title=Bill Clinton at Des Moines Starbucks – talks up Huckabee, downplays Hillary expectations – The Elephant |publisher=Communities.canada.com |access-date=June 13, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607065351/http://communities.canada.com/shareit/blogs/theelephant/archive/2008/01/03/bill-clinton-at-des-moines-starbucks-talks-up-huckabee-downplays-hillary-expectations.aspx |archive-date=June 7, 2008 }}<br/>{{cite web |url=http://usliberals.about.com/od/presidentbillclinton/ig/Clinton-Foundation-Photos/BClinton---Mike-Huckabee.htm |title=Bill Clinton and Mike Huckabee Announce Partnership to Fight Childhood Obesity – Clinton Foundation Photo Archives – William J. Clinton Foundation |publisher=Usliberals.about.com |date=October 20, 2005 |access-date=June 13, 2010 |archive-date=December 24, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091224184452/http://usliberals.about.com/od/presidentbillclinton/ig/Clinton-Foundation-Photos/BClinton---Mike-Huckabee.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Former Tennessee Republican Party chairman and Huckabee's former campaign manager [[Chip Saltsman]] has called Governor Huckabee, "The most successful failed presidential candidate in the history of our country".<ref>{{cite web |last=Allocca |first=Kevin |url=http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/fnc/the_most_successful_failed_presidential_candidate_in_the_history_of_our_country_146678.asp |title=The most successful failed presidential candidate in the history of our country. |publisher=[[Mediabistro (website)|Mediabistro]] |date=December 21, 2009 |access-date=June 13, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211073110/http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/fnc/the_most_successful_failed_presidential_candidate_in_the_history_of_our_country_146678.asp |archive-date=February 11, 2010 }}</ref>

===Speculated 2012 presidential campaign===
[[File:Former Governor Mike Huckabee speaking at the 2011 Republican Leadership Conference in New Orleans, Louisiana.jpg|thumb|Former Governor Huckabee speaking at the 2011 [[Republican Leadership Conference]] in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]]]
{{See also|2012 United States presidential election}}
In a November 19, 2008, article by the [[Associated Press]], Huckabee addressed the possibility of running for president in 2012. He said, "I'm not ruling anything out for the future, but I'm not making any specific plans."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/printer_friendly_wires/2008Nov19/0,4675,HuckabeeBook,00.html |title=Huckabee won't rule out 2012 run for President |last=Ohlemacher |first=Stephen |agency=Associated Press |date=November 19, 2008}}</ref>

Amid speculation about a future run for the presidency, a [[CNN]] poll in December 2008 found Huckabee at the top of the list of 2012 GOP contenders, along with former [[Alaska]]n [[List of Governors of Alaska|governor]] [[Sarah Palin]], fellow 2008 presidential candidate [[Mitt Romney]], and former [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] [[Newt Gingrich]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/12/05/huckabee-and-palin-top-early-2012-list/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207024918/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/12/05/huckabee-and-palin-top-early-2012-list/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 7, 2008 |first=Paul |last=Steinhauser |title=Huckabee and Palin top early 2012 list |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=December 6, 2008 |date=December 5, 2008}}</ref>

On December 3, 2008, Cincinnati-based [[NBC]] affiliate WLWT asked Huckabee about the prospect of running, to which he said, "I'm pretty sure I'll be out there. Whether it's for myself or somebody else I may decide will be a better standard bearer, that remains to be seen."<ref>{{cite web|title=2012 Speculation Swirls As Huckabee Visits Tri-State|url=http://www.wlwt.com/politics/18192964/detail.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511012441/http://www.wlwt.com/politics/18192964/detail.html|archive-date=May 11, 2011|access-date=2 April 2009|website=WLWT}}</ref>

A June 2009 [[CNN]]/[[Opinion Research Corporation]] national poll showed Huckabee as the 2012 presidential co-favorite of the Republican electorate along with Palin and Romney.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/06/02/cnn-poll-no-frontrunner-in-gop-2012-presidential-race/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090605175655/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/06/02/cnn-poll-no-frontrunner-in-gop-2012-presidential-race/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=June 5, 2009 | title=CNN Poll: No frontrunner in GOP 2012 presidential race | publisher=[[CNN]] | date=June 2, 2009}}</ref> An October 2009 poll of Republicans by [[Rasmussen Reports]] put Huckabee in the lead with 29%, followed by Romney on 24% and Palin on 18%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/elections2/election_2012/gop_2012_huckabee_29_romney_24_palin_18 |date=October 16, 2009 |access-date=October 17, 2009 |publisher=[[Rasmussen Reports]] |title=GOP 2012: Huckabee 29% Romney 24% Palin 18%}}</ref> In a November 2009 [[The Gallup Organization|Gallup]] poll, Huckabee was shown as the leading Republican contender for 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.gallup.com/poll/124097/huckabee-romney-palin-see-most-republican-support-12.aspx|title= Huckabee, Romney, Palin See Most Republican Support for '12|date= November 5, 2009|publisher=[[Gallup (company)|Gallup]]|access-date=November 25, 2009}}</ref> In November 2010 [[CNN]] projected in a poll that Huckabee would defeat Barack Obama in a hypothetical 2012 contest.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2010/pollcenter/individual/index.html#1823 |title= Huckabee would defeat Obama in a hypothetical 2012 contest|date= November 7, 2010|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=November 10, 2010}}</ref> In a Rasmussen poll taken January 11–14, 2011, Huckabee was even with Obama at 43% each.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/elections/election_2012/romney_huckabee_even_with_obama_other_gop_hopefuls_trail |title= Romney, Huckabee Even With Obama, Other GOP Hopefuls Trail|date= February 6, 2011|publisher=[[Rasmussen Reports]] |access-date=March 8, 2011}}</ref>

Huckabee took stances opposed to the nature of the incumbent president, [[Barack Obama]]. In comments made March 1, 2011, on ''[[The Steve Malzberg Show]]'', Huckabee said of Obama, "I would love to know more. What I know is troubling enough. And one thing that I do know is his having grown up in Kenya, his view of the Brits, for example, is very different than the average American."<ref>{{cite news |first=Emi |last=Kolawole |url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2011/03/huckabee-asserts-hes-not-a-bir.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120627104502/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2011/03/huckabee-asserts-hes-not-a-bir.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 27, 2012 |title=Huckabee claims inaccurately that Obama was raised in Kenya |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=March 1, 2011}}<br/>{{cite news |first=Alexander |last=Mooney |url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/01/oops-huckabee-says-obama-grew-up-in-kenya/ |title=Oops! Huckabee says Obama grew up in Kenya |publisher=[[CNN]] |work=Political Ticker |date=March 1, 2011}}</ref> (This is a reference to the [[Mau Mau Uprising]] against the colonial rule of the United Kingdom in 1952; Obama himself has never lived in Kenya.)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://motherjones.com/politics/2011/05/mike-huckabee-janet-porter-soviet-spy |title=Huckabee Adviser: Obama is a Soviet Spy |first=Tim |last=Murphy |work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]] |date=May 10, 2011}}</ref>

On May 14, 2011, Huckabee announced on his [[Fox News Channel|FNC]] show that he would not be a candidate for the GOP presidential nomination in 2012. Despite his high national poll numbers and being seen by many as the front runner, Huckabee declined to run, saying, "All the factors say 'go,' but my heart says 'no.{{'"}}<ref>{{cite news |first=Chris |last=Cillizza |title=Mike Huckabee won't run for president in 2012 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/post/mike-huckabee-wont-run-for-president-in-2012/2011/05/14/AFGcpk3G_blog.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=May 14, 2011 |access-date=May 15, 2011 }}</ref>

===2016 presidential campaign===
{{main|Mike Huckabee 2016 presidential campaign}}
{{See also|2016 United States presidential election}}
[[File:Mike Huckabee by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|left|thumb|Huckabee speaking at 2014 [[Conservative Political Action Conference]] (CPAC) in Maryland]]
Political commentators speculated that Huckabee might be ready for another presidential run in 2016. He was limited by a lack of money in 2008 but with changes to federal election law allowing [[SuperPAC]]s to pour large sums of money into a race he might be better positioned to stay in the race.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 13, 2013 |last=Grier |first=Peter |title=Mike Huckabee 2016: New wildcard in the GOP race? |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/DC-Decoder/Decoder-Wire/2013/1213/Mike-Huckabee-2016-New-wildcard-in-the-GOP-race |newspaper= [[The Christian Science Monitor]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref> Huckabee has in addition earned personal wealth since 2008 on the lecture circuit and his TV and radio shows. He ended his daily radio show in December 2013, which strengthened speculations about a presidential bid.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mike-huckabee-sounds-a-lot-like-hes-running-for-president-in-2016/2013/12/13/090ab36a-6386-11e3-a373-0f9f2d1c2b61_story.html | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | first=Karen | last=Tumulty | title=Mike Huckabee sounds a lot like he's running for president in 2016 | date=December 13, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=In Iowa, Mike Huckabee Is Making Moves {{!}} RealClearPolitics |url=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2014/10/23/in_iowa_mike_huckabee_is_making_moves__124401-full.html |access-date=2024-04-09 |website=realclearpolitics.com}}</ref>

Huckabee indicated in September 2014 that he would make the decision on whether to run early in 2015.<ref>Alexandra Jaffe (September 15, 2014) [https://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/217759-huckabee-inching-closer-to-2016-run/ Huckabee inching closer to 2016 run] The Hill.</ref> In January 2015, Huckabee ended his show on FNC to prepare for his possible run in the 2016 presidential election.<ref name="stelter"/> On March 30, 2015, Huckabee supporters launched a Super PAC to make preparations for his run for the presidential ticket in 2016.<ref>{{cite news |title=Iowa Operative Will Run Mike Huckabee Super PAC| date=April 2, 2015 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2015/04/02/iowa-operative-will-run-mike-huckabee-super-pac}}</ref>

On May 5, 2015, in his hometown of [[Hope, Arkansas]], Huckabee announced a campaign to seek the [[2016 Republican Party presidential primaries|Republican nomination]] for [[president of the United States]] in the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 election]].<ref name=Gabriel>Gabriel, Trip. [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/06/us/politics/mike-huckabee-running-in-republican-presidential-primary.html "Mike Huckabee Joins Republican Presidential Race"], ''[[The New York Times]]'' (May 5, 2015).</ref> In his speech, Huckabee attacked trade deals that he said drive down U.S. wages, opposed raising the age for Social Security benefits, criticized President Obama for what he said was putting more pressure on Israel than [[Iran]], and made an unusual plea for donations of $15 or $25 a month, saying: "I will ask you to give something in the name of your children and grandchildren."<ref name=Gabriel/>

On February 1, 2016, after a disappointing showing in the [[Iowa]] caucus Huckabee decided that he was going to suspend his campaign.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rafferty|first=Andrew|date=February 1, 2016|title=Mike Huckabee Suspends Presidential Campaign|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/mike-huckabee-suspends-presidential-campaign-n509306|access-date=October 12, 2020|website=NBC News|language=en}}</ref>

===2018 Florida gubernatorial election===
Reports emerged in the summer of 2016 that Huckabee, who currently lives in Florida, was considering [[2018 Florida gubernatorial election|running for governor of Florida in 2018]] to succeed [[term limit]]ed Republican [[incumbent]] [[Rick Scott]]. However, Huckabee later announced that he was declining to run in the [[2018 Florida gubernatorial election|2018 Florida Gubernatorial election]]. Had he run and won, he would have become the first person to serve as governor of two separate states since [[Sam Houston]], who served as [[governor of Tennessee]] and later as [[governor of Texas]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Schorsch|first=Peter|url=http://floridapolitics.com/archives/217601-mike-huckabee-florida-governor|title=Mike Huckabee for Florida Governor?|work=Florida Politics|date=July 28, 2016|access-date=August 12, 2016}}</ref> Before his announcement not to run, an August 2016 poll of Florida Republicans conducted by StPetePolls.org showed Huckabee leading a field of potential Republican gubernatorial candidates with 37%.<ref>{{cite web|title=Florida Statewide Republican Primary Election survey conducted for StPetePolls.org|url=http://stpetepolls.org/files/StPetePolls_2016_State_REP_Primary_August_2_Q8U4.pdf|work=StPetePolls.org|date=August 2, 2016|access-date=August 12, 2016}}</ref>

===First Trump administration===
Following the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 U.S. presidential election]], Huckabee met with [[president-elect of the United States]] [[Donald Trump]], whom he had supported for the Republican nomination after ending his own campaign in February. It was reported by ''[[The Daily Mail]]'' and ''[[The Jerusalem Post]]'' that Trump offered Huckabee the position of [[United States Ambassador to Israel]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.753975|title=Report: Trump Taps Mike Huckabee as Ambassador to Israel|first=Barak|last=Ravid|date=November 18, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118232008/http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.753975|archive-date=18 November 2016|newspaper=Haaretz}}</ref> Huckabee denied the reports.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/306800-huckabee-denies-reports-he-was-tapped-as-ambassador/|title=Huckabee denies reports he was tapped as ambassador to Israel|first=Mark|last=Hensch|date=November 18, 2016}}</ref> He told Fox News that a possible cabinet appointment for himself was discussed but that he turned the offer down, saying, "I'm not sure it was the right fit."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/donald-trump-administration/2016/11/mike-huckabee-trump-cabinet-position-231657|title=Huckabee says cabinet position discussed with Trump not 'the right fit'|website=[[Politico]]|date=November 18, 2016 }}</ref>

His daughter [[Sarah Huckabee Sanders]] served as [[White House press secretary]] to President [[Donald Trump]] from July 2017 until July 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/sarah-huckabee-sanders-white-house-press-secretary-2017-7|title=Sarah Huckabee Sanders will replace Sean Spicer as White House press secretary|work=Business Insider|access-date=January 17, 2018|language=en}}</ref>

In January 2018, Huckabee praised [[Doha]], [[Qatar]] as being "surprisingly beautiful, modern, and hospitable" after a trip there, but did not reveal that a foreign agent for Qatar had paid $50,000 to a corporation run by Huckabee as a "honorarium for visit".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Friedman |first1=Dan |title=Mike Huckabee Praised Qatar Without Revealing He Was Paid $50,000 by Qatar |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/06/mike-huckabee-praised-qatar-without-revealing-he-was-paid-50000-by-qatar/ |publisher=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]] |access-date=June 24, 2018}}</ref>

Following Trump's defeat by [[Joe Biden]] in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]], Huckabee supported [[Post-election lawsuits related to the 2020 U.S. presidential election|Trump's legal challenges in closely contested states]], stating, "I think he owes it to all of us to make sure the election was fair. I am not saying it wasn't, I don't know. But we need to know, we have to have an answer to the questions that linger."<ref name="twenty">{{Cite web|last=Nelson|first=Joshua|date=2020-11-09|title=Mike Huckabee: Trump team must be allowed to examine voting machines, ballots|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/huckabee-trump-legal-team-review-ballots-evidence|access-date=2020-11-13|website=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref> On November 15, in a letter addressed to Joe Biden first posted on his website, Huckabee made unsubstantiated claims of election fraud in the 2020 election.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 16, 2020|title=Did Mike Huckabee Write a 'Letter to Biden' About 'Voter Fraud'?|url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/huckabee-letter-biden-fraud/|access-date=2021-04-19|website=[[Snopes]]|language=en-US}}</ref>

===Second Trump administration===
November 12 2024, president-elect Donald Trump nominates Huckabee as the next U.S. ambassador to Israel.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 12, 2024|title=Trump chooses Mike Huckabee, staunchly pro-Israel conservative, as ambassador to nation|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/mike-huckabee-israel-ambassador-1.7381629|access-date=2024-11-12|website=[[CBC]]|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Media career==
On June 12, 2008, [[Fox News Channel|Fox News]] announced it was hiring Huckabee as a political commentator and regular contributor to their [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 American presidential election]] coverage, in their New York election headquarters.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news |last=Silva |first=Mark |date=June 12, 2008 |title=Mike Huckabee: FOX 'contributor' |url=http://weblogs.chicagotribune.com/news/politics/blog/2008/06/mike_huckabee_fox_contributor.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615214431/http://weblogs.chicagotribune.com/news/politics/blog/2008/06/mike_huckabee_fox_contributor.html |archive-date=June 15, 2008 |access-date=June 13, 2010 |publisher=[[Chicago Tribune]]}}</ref>

Huckabee filled in for [[Paul Harvey]] in July 2008.<ref>Vogel, Kenneth. [http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0708/11728.html Huckabee in talks for own Fox show]. The Politico. July 14, 2008.</ref> A few months later, he signed a deal with ABC Radio Networks (now [[Cumulus Media Networks]]) to carry a daily commentary, ''[[The Huckabee Report]]'', beginning in January 2009.<ref>[http://www.abcradionetworks.com/article.asp?ID=999417 The Huckabee Report]. ABC Radio information page. December 2008.</ref> After Harvey's death his show replaced Harvey's broadcasts.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2009/03/23/2009-03-23_on_the_radio_how_abc_will_replace_rest_o.html |title=On the radio: How ABC will replace 'Rest' of Paul Harvey spots |last=Hinckley |first=David |newspaper=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]] |location=New York |date=March 22, 2009 |access-date=March 3, 2011 |archive-date=December 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203170558/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv/2009/03/23/2009-03-23_on_the_radio_how_abc_will_replace_rest_o.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> On April 15, 2015, Huckabee announced that ''The Huckabee Report'' would be ending May 1.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2015/apr/16/huckabee-giving-up-his-radio-broadcast-/|title=Huckabee giving up his radio broadcast|last=Wire|first=Sarah D.|newspaper=[[Arkansas Democrat-Gazette]]|date=April 16, 2015|access-date=April 16, 2015}}</ref>

Huckabee hosted a weekend show, ''[[Huckabee]]'', on Fox News Channel, which premiered Saturday, September 27, 2008, at 8 PM EST.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 14, 2014 |title=Mike Huckabee Fast Facts |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/08/06/us/mike-huckabee-fast-facts/ |access-date=January 4, 2015 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> For six weeks in summer 2010, Fox test-ran ''The Huckabee Show'' for the [[broadcast syndication|syndicated]] market; Huckabee was joined by guest co-hosts in the daily spin-off, among them [[Bob Barker]] of ''[[The Price Is Right (American game show)|The Price Is Right]]'' fame.<ref>{{cite web |last=Weprin |first=Alex |url=http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/generalities/mike_huckabee_talks_syndicated_show_as_bob_barker_comes_on_down_168762.asp |title=Mike Huckabee Talks Syndicated Show as Bob Barker 'Comes On Down' |publisher=Mediabistro.com |date=July 26, 2010 |access-date=September 4, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100730105355/http://www.mediabistro.com/tvnewser/generalities/mike_huckabee_talks_syndicated_show_as_bob_barker_comes_on_down_168762.asp |archive-date=July 30, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> ''Huckabee'' ended on January 3, 2015, so that Huckabee could consider the possibility of running for president.<ref name="stelter">{{cite news |last1=Stelter |first1=Brian |title=Huckabee ends Fox News show to mull 2016 |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/03/politics/huckabee-saturday-announcement/ |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=January 3, 2015 |access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref>

On April 2, 2012, Huckabee launched a long-form daily talk show on Cumulus Media Networks, who provide the call-in guests. The show, which is targeted at second-tier broadcast stations, features long-form interviews and discussions and airs in the noon to 3 p.m. time slot, directly opposite the market leader in talk radio, ''[[The Rush Limbaugh Show]]''.<ref name=":0"/> On November 27, 2013, Huckabee announced that the show will have its final broadcast on December 12, 2013, stating that he and Cumulus Media mutually decided not to renew the contract.<ref>{{cite news |last=Weinger|first=Mackenzie|title=Mike Huckabee radio show ending|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2013/11/mike-huckabee-radio-show-ends-100437.html?hp=l9|newspaper=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 27, 2013}}</ref>

In a December 2013 interview, Huckabee stated that he would be launching a news organization in partnership with Christian Media Corp. International.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kopan|first=Tal|title=Huck Post joins with Christian Media|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2013/12/mike-huckabee-news-organization-101229.html|newspaper=[[Politico]] |access-date=December 17, 2013}}</ref>

In October 2017, the Huckabee show was relaunched, now produced by and aired on the [[Trinity Broadcasting Network]].<ref>{{Cite web| last = Graham| first = Ruth| title = Church of The Donald| work = POLITICO Magazine| access-date = April 28, 2018| url = https://politi.co/2qSrPO3}}</ref>


==Political positions==
==Political positions==
{{main|Political positions of Mike Huckabee}}
{{Main|Political positions of Mike Huckabee}}


===Abortion===
*Huckabee opposes [[abortion]]s, [[same-sex marriage]]s, and [[civil union]]s


Huckabee opposes any public funding for abortion, and believes that abortion should be legal only when the life of the mother is at risk.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vote Smart {{!}} Facts For All |url=http://votesmart.org/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |website=Vote Smart}}</ref> He believes that it would "most certainly" be a good day for America if ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' were reversed.<ref>[http://bench.nationalreview.com/post/?q=Yzc0ODM5YjU0ZjI3ZWJmOWRkNGI1NjljMmY2MmI2NDY Bench Memos: The Republican Debate] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111142224/http://bench.nationalreview.com/post/?q=Yzc0ODM5YjU0ZjI3ZWJmOWRkNGI1NjljMmY2MmI2NDY |date=January 11, 2008 }} NationalReview.com</ref>
*Huckabee is against [[gun control]] and is an avid hunter.


===Health care===
*Huckabee supports the [[Capital punishment|death penalty]]


Huckabee opposed President Obama's health care plan, the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]]. He stated that he wants to "give citizens more control over their own health care choices".<ref>[http://www.mikehuckabee.com/?FuseAction=Issues.View&Issue_id=8 Mike Huckabee for President – Health Care] MikeHuckabee.com</ref>
*Huckabee has expressed support for allowing [[creationism]] and [[intelligent design]] in school classes along with [[evolution]].<ref>http://www.ncseweb.org/resources/rncse_content/vol25/8118_is_evolution_arkansas39s_h_12_30_1899.asp</ref><ref>http://www.arktimes.com/Articles/print.aspx?ArticleID=e7a0f0e1-ecfd-4fc8-bca4-b9997c912a91</ref> However, Huckabee's position is that belief in evolution is not relevant to being President.<ref>http://www.billmaher.com/?page_id=200</ref><ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EkK1vhYYgU</ref>


===Free trade===
*Huckabee supports the [[War in Iraq]], the [[Iraq War troop surge of 2007|troop surge]] and the continued operation of the [[Guantanamo Bay detention camp]].[http://senate.ontheissues.org/Mike_Huckabee.htm]


In his book ''From Hope to Higher Ground'', Huckabee expressed support for free trade, but only if it is "fair trade." He identified excess litigation, excess taxation, and excess regulation as three factors contributing to the loss of American jobs, and has proposed economic sanctions on China.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mike Huckabee on Free Trade |url=http://www.ontheissues.org/2012/Mike_Huckabee_Free_Trade.htm |publisher=[[On the Issues]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>
*Huckabee endorsed the use of foreign workers from Canada and Mexico for agricultural labor,<ref>http://www.southerngovernors.org/publications/PDF/SGA%20AgFinal.pdf</ref> opposed McCain/Kennedy immigration bill<ref>http://www.ontheissues.org/Mike_Huckabee.htm FIND BETTER SOURCE</ref> and believes the United States' number one priority should be to secure America's borders.<ref>http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Issues.View&Issue_id=4</ref> He said of the border, "Police it, absolutely. Militarize it, no."<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/22/AR2006052201237.html</ref> In an interview with CBS news Huckabee said that he intends to reach out to minorities, unions and other traditional Democratic groups. "If Republicans don't win minority votes and votes that we traditionally don't get, Hillary Clinton's the next president," Huckabee said in a teleconference with reporters while campaigning in Iowa.<ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/09/14/politics/main3261366.shtml</ref>


===Race relations===
*Huckabee supports the [[FairTax]] as a replacement for the [[Income tax in the United States|current tax system]].<ref>http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Issues.View&Issue_id=5</ref>


According to a [[CNN]] exit poll, Huckabee won 48% of African-American votes in his successful 1998 gubernatorial race in Arkansas.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/1998/states/AR/G/exit.poll.html "Arkansas Governor: 844 respondents"], CNN (November 4, 1998).</ref> The 48% figure is often disputed due to the exit poll's small sample size.<ref>[https://www.vox.com/2016/8/1/12338538/gop-attract-black-voters "Can the GOP attract black voters?"], Vox (August 1, 2016).</ref> Huckabee says that it is important for Republicans such as himself to reach out to black voters, and in 2015, he ramped up efforts to win those votes.<ref name=Ashley>Killough, Ashley. [http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/16/politics/mike-huckabee-african-americans-voters-elections/ "Mike Huckabee ramps up push for African-American voters"], CNN (July 16, 2015).</ref>
==Controversy==
{{POV-section}}


In 2015, on an episode of ''[[Meet the Press]]'', Huckabee stated that the [[Modern display of the Confederate battle flag|confederate flag issue]] was for South Carolinians to decide, "not an issue for a person running for president", and days later, he congratulated Governor [[Nikki Haley]] on her decision to support the removal of the flag from the state capitol.<ref name=Ashley/> Huckabee gave a speech at the [[2008 Republican National Convention]] that included this: "I say with sincerity that I have great respect for Senator Obama's historic achievement to become his party's nominee—not because of his color, but with indifference to it. Party or politics aside, we celebrate this milestone because it elevates our country."<ref>"Huckabee assails media coverage of GOP", [[NBC News]] (September 4, 2008).</ref>
===Fiscal record===
Huckabee did not raise spending significantly in areas he could control and in those areas spending rose six-tenths of one percent a year during his entire governance.<ref name=ChipSaltsman/> Huckabee cut taxes over ninety times while governor, saving Arkansas' citizens close to $380 million.<ref name = "ChipSaltsman"/><ref name="fiscalforbes">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2007/10/01/election-candidates-politics-oped-cz_pmm_1002huckabee.html
| title = Candidate Central: Mike Huckabee
| publisher = Forbes
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> He also signed the first broad-based tax cut in Arkansas's history. The tax cut included increasing the standard deduction, indexed tax brackets for inflation and eliminated capital gains tax on home sales.<ref name=Jennrubin/> For 2007, his state enjoyed a surplus of nearly $850 million.<ref name="fiscalforbes"/> His refusal to raise taxes in the face of a budget shortfall sparked criticism from lawmakers and members of the media alike. In response to the criticism he created the "Tax Me More Fund", which was a voluntary fund for people who felt that the government needed to raise more taxes.<ref name=taxmemore>
{{cite web
| url = http://archive.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/12/3/171750.shtml
| title = Arkansas Governor Creates 'Tax Me More Fund'
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> State Sen. Minority Leader John Brown called the "Tax Me More Fund" a campaign tactic.<ref name=taxmemore/>


===LGBT rights===
[[Club for Growth]] argues that he increased state spending 65.3 percent (1996-2004) and supported five tax increases, prompting them to accuse Huckabee of being a liberal in disguise.<ref name=CFG>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.clubforgrowth.org/2006/05/mike_huckabee_is_a_liberal_a_c.php
| title = Club for Growth page on Huckabee
| accessdate = 2007-02-10
}}</ref> The Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration confirms that taxes were cut ninety times for savings of $378 million dollars, while taxes were raised twenty-one times for an increase of $883 million dollars.<ref name=arkdemgaz>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.nwanews.com/adg/national/203850/
| title = Ten year record on taxes studied
| publisher = Arkansas Democrat Gazette
| date = January 13, 2003
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> According to a [[National Review]] writer, during his tenure, the state’s general obligation debt shot up by almost $1 billion.<ref name=Jennrubin>
{{cite web
| url = http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NmNjMmI1ODhjNGVlZWFmNTlmMGNiZTVjYTg1NTUzMTk=
| title = Taxing Claims: Is Mike Huckabee an "authentic conservative"?
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
| publisher = National Review Online
| author = Jennifer Rubin
| date = February 12, 2007
}}</ref> Huckabee publicly opposed the repeal of a [[sales tax]] on groceries and medicine in 2002, signed a referendum passed by 80% of the state raising taxes on gasoline in 1999, and signed a $5.25 bed-tax on private nursing home patients in 2001.<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.siouxcityjournal.com/articles/2007/08/04/news/iowa/0b84fa1a84daac668625732d000dd2fb.txt
| title = Huckabee cites differences in tax increases
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
| author = Dan Gearino
}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.clubforgrowth.org/2007/01/a_report_on_mike_huckabees_fis.php
| title = Mike Huckabee's Record on Economic Issues
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
| publisher = Club for Growth
| date = January 29, 2007
}}</ref><ref name = "ChipSaltsman">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Newsroom.PressRelease&ID=188
| author = Chip Saltsman
| title = Mike Huckabee’s Campaign Manager Speaks out Against Club For Growth Ad
| date = 2007-08-02
| publisher = Mike Huckabee for President
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> These taxes, according to the Arkansas Democratic Gazette, increased "average Arkansan’s tax burden from $1,969 in the fiscal year that ended [[June 30]], [[1997]], to $2,902 in the fiscal year that ended [[June 30]], [[2005]], including local taxes.<ref name=arkdemgaz> However, Huckabee doubled the standard deduction and the child care tax credit, eliminated the marriage penalty and the capital gains tax on the sale of a home, and reduced the capital gains tax for both businesses and individuals.<ref name = "ChipSaltsman"/> More than 80% of the voters supported a four cent tax on diesel fuel to fix the roads and that through the same process voters approved a tax increasing the sales tax by an eighth of a cent to preserve their natural and cultural heritage.<ref name = "ChipSaltsman"/> It would have been in violation of Governor Huckabee’s oath of office<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/data/constitution/ArkansasConstitution1874.pdf
| title = Constitution of the State of Arkansas
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> to override the voters with respect to the referendums, and concluded that the citizens were responsible for the increases in taxation.<ref name = "ChipSaltsman"/> Arkansas Health Care Association President Jim Cooper stated that the private nursing home tax was necessary in order to avert future huge tax increases as a result of years of mismanagement.<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Blogs.View&Blog_id=563
| title = Response to Huckabee Attacks
| author = Jim Cooper, Arkansas Health Care Association President
| publisher = Mike Huckabee for President
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref>


Huckabee believes that marriage is between one man and one woman, and he opposes both [[same-sex marriage]] and [[civil unions]]. In 2006, he outlawed same-sex marriage in Arkansas; however, in 2007, he stated that Americans should "respect" gay couples. He says that adoptions should be child focused and opposes "[[gay adoption]]s".<ref name="issues">{{cite web |url=http://www.ontheissues.org/Mike_Huckabee.htm |title=Mike Huckabee on the Issues |access-date=July 29, 2007 |publisher=[[On the Issues]] }}</ref> Huckabee, expounding upon his view on homosexuality, said the following:
In January of 2007 on [[Meet the Press]], Huckabee said "I think you got to be very careful. I wouldn’t propose any new taxes. I wouldn’t support any. But if we’re in a situation where we are in a different level of war, where there is no other option, I think that it’s a very dangerous position to make pledges that are outside the most important pledge you make, and that is the oath you take to uphold the Constitution and protect the people of the United States."<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16785556/page/2/
| title = MTP Transcript for Jan. 28, 2007
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> [[Grover Norquist]], the president of [[Americans for Tax Reform]], who in 2006 called the governor a “serial tax increaser,"<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.motherjones.com/news/update/2006/06/norquist.html
| title = The World According to Grover
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> stated recently, "Gov. Huckabee recognizes that the challenge is to rein in spending and reduce taxes."<ref name=pledge>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.atr.org/content/html/2007/march/030207pr-huckabeesignspledge.html
| publisher = Americans For Tax Reform
| title =Mike Huckabee signed the Presidential Taxpayer Protection Pledge
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> Huckabee supports the [[Fair Tax]], which would do away with all federal taxes and replace them with a single national sales tax.<ref>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Issues.View&Issue_id=5
| title = Taxes/Economy
| publisher = Mike Huckabee for President
| accessdate = 2007-10-28
}}</ref> In March of 2007, Huckabee signed the Presidential Taxpayer Protection Pledge of Americans for Tax Reform, promising not to increase taxes at the federal level.<ref name=pledge/>


{{Blockquote|quotetext=This [gay marriage] is not just a political issue. It is a [[biblical]] issue. And as a biblical issue—unless I get a new version of the scriptures, it's really not my place to say, OK, I'm just going to evolve[.] ... It's like asking someone who's [[Jewish]] to start serving bacon-wrapped shrimp in their deli. We don't want to do that—I mean, we're not going to do that. Or like asking a [[Muslim]] to serve up something that is offensive to him, or to have dogs in his backyard[.] ... We're so sensitive to make sure we don't offend certain religions, but then we act like Christians can't have the convictions that they've had for 2,000 years.}}
===Handling of the Wayne Dumond case===
Huckabee has also come under criticism for his handling of the case of Wayne Dumond, a convicted [[rapist]] who was released during Huckabee's governorship and who subsequently sexually assaulted and [[murder]]ed a woman in [[Missouri]].<ref name="arktimes">{{cite web|url=http://www.arktimes.com/Articles/ArticleViewer.aspx?ArticleID=154e1aad-fd18-4efd-8d80-b5dab8559419|title=Arkansas Times article|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref> Dumond's case had attracted national attention in the mid 1990s from critics of President [[Bill Clinton]] who felt the former Arkansas Governor had been too harsh with Dumond because Dumond's victim was a distant Clinton relative. Even before taking office, Huckabee met with Dumond's wife and privately announced his intention that Dumond be set free, stating his unhappiness with the way Clinton had handled the case.<ref>Dunleavy, Steve (June 2, 1996). "How Gov. Clinton Denied an Innocent Man His Freedom". New York Post</ref> Dumond was [[castrated]] prior to his trial; he stated that he was attacked by two men in his home (though district prosecutor Gene Raff suggested it was a case of self-mutilation<ref>{{cite book| title= Unequal Justice: Wayne Dumond, Bill Clinton, and the Politics of Rape in Arkansas| publisher= Prometheus Books| date= October 1993| url=http://www.amazon.com/Unequal-Justice-Clinton-Politics-Arkansas/dp/0879758414/| isbn=0879758414| first=Guy |last=Reel}}</ref> and a urologist who'd studied the topic told the [[Forrest City Times-Herald]] that self-mutilation isn't that rare among psychologically disturbed sex offenders.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bartcop.com/707lyon.htm| first=Gene| last=Lyons| title=Who freed DuMond? | publisher=Bartcop.com| accessdate=2007-10-27}}</ref>) On [[September 20]] [[1996]], Huckabee publicly announced his intention of commuting Dumond's sentence based on the commutation given by [[Jim Guy Tucker]], who had served as governor during Clinton's presidential run and had overseen the case.<ref>[http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2007/10/18/417337.aspx MSNBC]</ref> There was strong opposition to Huckabee's plan, leaving Huckabee in a difficult situation politically.<ref name="arktimes"> </ref> On [[October 31]] [[1996]], Huckabee met privately with the parole board to talk about the Dumond case. On [[January 16]] [[1997]], Dumond was granted parole, just five months after he had been rejected. Huckabee released a statement saying, "I concur with the board’s action and hope the lives of all those involved can move forward. The action of the board accomplishes what I sought to do in considering an earlier request for commutation ...In light of the action of the board, my original intent to commute the sentence to time served is no longer relevant."<ref name="arktimes"/>
His full disclosure of the incident is described in his book ''From Hope to Higher Ground''.


In January 2015, he compared homosexuality to "drinking and swearing", insofar as it is "part of a lifestyle". Huckabee has stated he has gay friends, saying, "People can be my friends who have lifestyles that are not necessarily my lifestyle. I don't shut people out of my circle or out of my life because they have a different point of view[.]"<ref>{{cite news |last=Bradner |first=Eric |date=February 1, 2015 |title=Huckabee compares gay marriage to drinking, swearing – CNNPolitics.com |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/02/01/politics/huckabee-gay-marriage/ |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref>
Dumond had been sentenced to life in prison until 1992, when Tucker reduced the sentence to 39 1/2 years which made Dumond eligible for parole. The parole was granted on the condition that another state take him. Wayne Dumond moved to Kansas City in 2000 and was convicted there of sexually assaulting and murdering a woman that lived near his home. Wayne Dumond died in prison in 2005
<ref>http://blogs.kansascity.com/crime_scene/2005/09/convicted_murde.html</ref>


===Conceiving children outside marriage===
===Illegal immigration===
Huckabee has been criticized for his positions on illegal immigration.<ref>{{cite news | first=David | last=Robinson | coauthors= | title=Huckabee, callers go toe-to-toe on immigration | date= | publisher=Arkansas News Bureau | url =http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/02/03/News/316813.html | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first=David | last=Robinson | coauthors= | title=Huckabee defends societal cost of illegal aliens| date= 2004-07-07 | publisher=Arkansas News Bureau | url =http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2004/07/07/News/252305.html| work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-10-22 | language = }}</ref> In his 2005 State of the State address, he complained that a Hispanic student was not able to get financial aid because he was an illegal alien. Huckabee said: "But when he applied for financial aid, he wasn’t eligible for the various scholarships or grants because of his status, a status that he had no decision in or control over."<ref>{{cite news | first= | last=VDARE.com | coauthors= | title=Rush Limbaugh: How About Talking To Gov. Huckabee—Before GOP Is DOA? | date= | publisher=VDARE.com | url =http://www.vdare.com/bevens/050205_huckabee.htm | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Governor Huckabee risks political fortunes to denounce immigration raid | date= | publisher=alipac | url =http://www.alipac.us/modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=631 | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref> Huckabee vehemently opposed a 2005 bill sponsored by Arkansas State Senator Jim Holt which would deny state benefits to illegal immigrants, calling it "un-Christian."<ref>{{cite news | first=Doug | last=Thompson | coauthors= | title=Immigration bill un-Christian, anti-life, governor says | date= | publisher=Arkansas News Bureau | url =http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/01/28/News/316347.html | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref> Huckabee argued that illegal immigrants pay more in taxes than they receive in benefits: "They pay fuel taxes. If they're using a fake Social Security number, they're paying Social Security taxes and will never receive any benefit. It would be closer to the truth to say they're subsidizing Joe McCutchen and Jim Holt more than the other way around."<ref>{{cite news | first=Doug | last=Thompson | coauthors= | title=Immigration bill un-Christian, anti-life, governor says | date=2005-01-28 | publisher=Arkansas News Bureau | url =http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/01/28/News/316347.html | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref>
When a Mexican consulate opened in Little Rock in 2006, Huckabee strongly supported it.<ref>{{cite news | first= | last=Blogante news | coauthors= | title= Mexican consul ready to facilitate | date= | publisher=Blogante News from Tomás | url =http://hispanictips.com/2006/09/09/mexican-consul-ready-facilitate-based-little-rock-arkansas-looking-memphis-tennessee | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref> The ''Arkansas Democrat-Gazette'' reported: "Before he left office, former Gov. Mike Huckabee gave $10,000 to Little Rock. The money was given to help the consulate. Former Mayor Jim Dailey had requested that the governor match the city’s Dec. 19 contribution of $50,000 in a letter written Dec. 20. Huckabee’s contribution came from the governor’s $500,000 emergency fund and was one of roughly 20 appropriations Huckabee made from the taxpayer fund in his final days in office."<ref>Tubbs, Brandon (February 28, 2007). "Assistance to Mexican Consulate goes on". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette </ref> Critics of Huckabee say his support of the Mexican consulate broke federal law.<ref>{{cite news | first=Joe | last=McCutchen | coauthors= Barb McCutchen | title=Is Beebe protecting a Human Smuggling Huckabee? | date= | publisher=Arkansas Conservative Action Network | url =http://acan.gohotsprings.com/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=245 | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = Not NPOV }}</ref> In 2007, Huckabee said, "I just don't think it's realistic to say this weekend we're going to round up 12 to 20 million young people and their children and we're going to put them across the border and they're never going to come back."<ref>{{cite news | first=Josh | last=Nelson | coauthors= | title=Huckabee discusses immigration during Iowa visit | date= | publisher=WCF Courier.com | url =http://www.wcfcourier.com/articles/2007/04/28/news/metro/cf2ff668a74ea542862572cb0014e30a.txt | work = | pages = | accessdate = 2007-08-13 | language = }}</ref> In a 2007 interview, Huckabee argued against job loss caused by illegal immigration saying, "You know, when people say, 'they're taking our jobs' -- I used to hear that as Governor -- and I started asking this question, 'can you name me any person, give me their name, who can't get a job plucking a chicken or picking a tomato or tarring a roof that would like to do that work?' ....I never, ever, had a person who could come up with the name of a person who could not get a job because an illegal immigrant had stepped in front of them because it was either a job that person didn't want to do or didn't exist."<ref>http://time-blog.com/real_clear_politics/2007/03/the_huckabee_interview.html</ref> Huckabee believes that Congress should seal the border and does not advocate punishing children of illegal immigrants for their parents crime. He stated in an interview with [[National Review]], “I have always said you don’t punish a child for the crime of a parent.....Frankly, it’s in our best interest to try to get that child on to a higher level of education.”<ref>http://nrd.nationalreview.com/article/?q=MGVkNTAzNDc4YzNiZjEyYmY0ZmQxOTQwZjk4ZDg4N2Y=</ref> In his opening remarks among Hispanic civil rights leaders at a [[League of United Latin American Citizens|LULAC]] convention, Huckabee said the nation will need to address the concerns of the Hispanic community because of its growing influence and population base. "Pretty soon, Southern white guys like me may be in the minority," Huckabee said jokingly as the crowd roared in laughter. He told the LULAC delegates that their presence in the state's capital city was very important because Arkansas has one of the fastest growing Hispanic populations in the nation. "Your gathering is so very significant for our state," Huckabee said.<ref>"We are delighted to have you... I would hope that no matter who we are, or where we are from, that America should always be a place that opens its arms, opens its heart, opens its spirit to people who come because they want the best for their families ...," Huckabee said as the audience gave him a standing ovation.
http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2005/06/30/News/323746.html</ref>


In comments which he made on March 4, 2011, on the ''[[Michael Medved Show]]'', Huckabee spoke about pregnant, unwed actress [[Natalie Portman]], saying "it's unfortunate we glorify and glamorize the idea of out-of-wedlock children."<ref>{{cite news |publisher=[[AOL News]] |date=March 4, 2011 |title=Mike Huckabee Disses Natalie Portman; Over Out of Wedlock Pregnancy Why Not Bristol Palin? |first=Steven |last=Hoffer}}</ref>
===Gift registry===
In [[November]] [[2006]], both Huckabee and his wife drew criticism for creating [[wedding registry|wedding registries]] in the amount of over $6000 at both the [[Target Corporation|Target]] and [[Dillard's]] web sites, in conjunction with a [[housewarming party]] to celebrate a new house they had purchased in Little Rock. The ''[[Arkansas Times]]'', which first reported the story, noted that wedding gifts represent one of the exceptions to a $100 cap on gifts to political leaders under Arkansas law.<ref>[http://www.arktimes.com/Articles/ArticleViewer.aspx?ArticleID=66831ec8-ba1c-40e9-87fd-8868ec1f8b07 "Gifts solicited for Gov. Huckabee"], [[Arkansas Times]], November 11, 2006</ref> Huckabee said that the registries were intended only for those who were invited to the event, that he was not involved in organizing the event, and that they were classified as wedding registries only because those sites did not have separate categories for housewarming parties.{{Fact|date=September 2007}}


In January 2014, in a luncheon speech at the [[Republican National Committee]]'s winter meeting, in response to a federal mandate on [[contraception]], Huckabee stated that "Democrats want to insult the women of America by making them believe that they are helpless without [[wikt:Uncle Sugar|Uncle Sugar]] coming in and providing for them a prescription each month for birth control, they cannot control their libido or their reproductive system without the help of the government."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://takingnote.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/mike-huckabees-war-for-women |title=Mike Huckabee's War for Women |last=Lapidos |first=Juliet |date=January 24, 2014 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=January 9, 2015}}<br/>{{cite news |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/01/23/mike-huckabee-s-controversial-remarks-at-rnc.html |title=Huckabee: Dems Tell Women They Can't Control Libido Without Government |last=Jacobs |first=Ben |date=January 23, 2014 |publisher=[[The Daily Beast]] |access-date=January 9, 2015}}<br/>{{cite news |url=https://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/huckabee-vs-huckabee |title=Huckabee vs. Huckabee |last=Benen |first=Steve |author-link=Steve Benen|date=January 24, 2014 |publisher=[[MSNBC]] |access-date=January 24, 2014}}</ref>
===Public comments===
Huckabee has made a number of public statements that have drawn criticism<ref>http://www.arkansasnews.com/archive/2006/07/16/News/336891.html</ref><ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2007/10/20/huckabee-legalized-abort_n_69225.html</ref><ref>http://www.adl.org/PresRele/HolNa_52/5155_52.htm</ref><ref>http://tpmelectioncentral.com/2007/10/huckabee_compares_safesex_message_to_drunk_driving_domestic_violence.php</ref><ref>http://njdc.typepad.com/njdcs_blog/2007/01/mike_huckabee_e.html</ref><ref>http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1525/is_n5_v83/ai_21137662/pg_9</ref>, including comparing his weight loss to the experience of a [[concentration camp]], for which the [[National Jewish Democratic Council]] chastised Huckabee,<ref>{{cite news | last =DeMillo | first =Andrew | coauthors = | title =Ark. Governor Criticized Over Joke | work = | pages = | language = | publisher =Associated Press | date =2006-10-20 | url =http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=2592474 | accessdate =2007-01-24 }}</ref> and his use of suicide as a joke about fundraising efforts by himself and his opponents in the Republican primaries, for which he was criticized by various suicide awareness groups.<ref>http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hSZQ2L8Ry-b4MTtMHS4ZSDBzn8aQD8S62O680</ref> <ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/10/11/politics/main3357807.shtml</ref> In both cases, Huckabee and his campaign publicly responded with clear apologies. Commenting on a third incident paralleling Arkansas journalists critical of his policies to disgraced reporters [[Jayson Blair]] and [[Janet Cooke]], Huckabee said "You'll see it--one of the things that gets me in trouble is my love of metaphors. I use hyperbole in the course of trying to paint a word picture. I pay a dear price for it." <ref> http://vote-smart.org/speech_detail.php?sc_id=322527&keyword=&phrase=&contain= </ref>


===Role of religion in public life===


Huckabee has voiced his belief in [[intelligent design]] and he has also stated that he does not believe that [[Charles Darwin|Darwin]]'s [[natural selection|theory of evolution]] is valid. In July 2004, he was quoted on ''Arkansans Ask'', his regular show on the Arkansas Educational Television Network: "I think that students also should be given exposure to the theories not only of evolution but to the basis of those who believe in [[creationism]]."<ref>{{cite web |date=2005 |last=Wiles |first=Jason |title=Is Evolution Arkansas's Hidden Curriculum? |url=http://ncse.com/rncse/25/1-2/is-evolution-arkansass-hidden-curriculum |publisher=[[National Center for Science Education|NCSE]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>


In April 2011, Huckabee said, "I almost wish that there would be a simultaneous telecast and all [[Americans]] would be forced, at gunpoint, to listen to every David Barton message," in praise of the Christian revisionist author [[David Barton (author)|David Barton]].<ref name="barton">{{cite web|url=http://www.thestatecolumn.com/articles/mike-huckabee-americans-to-be-indoctrinated-at-gunpoint/|title=Mike Huckabee: Americans to be indoctrinated at gunpoint|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406124057/http://www.thestatecolumn.com/articles/mike-huckabee-americans-to-be-indoctrinated-at-gunpoint/|archive-date=April 6, 2011}}</ref>
==Presidential ambitions==
{{Future election candidate|Huckabee, Mike}}
{{Main|Mike Huckabee presidential campaign, 2008}}


Within hours of the [[Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting]], Huckabee made headlines in the U.S. and abroad for stating on [[Fox News]]: "We ask why there is violence in our schools, but we have systematically removed God from our schools," and he further asked, "Should we be so surprised that schools would become a place of carnage?"<ref>{{cite news |date=December 14, 2012 |last=Collins |first=Gail |title=Looking For America |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/15/opinion/collins-looking-for-america.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>
On [[January 27]] [[2007]], the [[Associated Press]] reported that Huckabee planned to file papers to form a presidential [[exploratory committee]]. He announced his run for the White House on ''Meet the Press'' on [[January 28]] [[2007]].<ref>"[http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/01/27/Huckabee.ap/index.html Former Gov. Huckabee to jump into 2008 race]". Associated Press, [[January 27]], [[2007]]</ref> On [[January 29]], [[2007]], Huckabee told The Associated Press "I think this is an opportunity to show the American dream is still alive and there's hope and optimism that can be awakened in a lot of people's lives if they think that a person like me can run and actually become president".<ref name="NewsMax">"[http://newsmax.com/archives/articles/2007/1/28/163618.shtml Mike Huckabee Launches Presidential Bid]". [[Associated Press]], [[January 29]] [[2007]].</ref>


In September 2014, Huckabee said, "Fire the ones who refuse to hear not only our hearts, but God's heart" (for which he was criticized by [[Richard Dawkins]]).<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Dawkins |first1=Richard |author-link=Richard Dawkins |last2=Blumner |first2=Robyn |author-link2=Robyn Blumner |date=September 30, 2014 |title=Atheists Aren't the Problem, Christian Intolerance Is the Problem |url=https://time.com/3450525/atheists-arent-the-problem-christian-intolerance-is-the-problem |access-date=January 6, 2015 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>
On [[April 3]] [[2007]], Huckabee's campaign reported that it had raised only $500,000 in the first quarter of 2007, one sixth of the total raised by [[Sam Brownback]], one thirtieth of the total raised by [[Rudy Giuliani]], and one fifty-second of the total raised by [[Hillary Clinton]] during the same period. The numbers prompted speculation in Arkansas that Huckabee might abandon the Presidential race for a U.S. Senate race against first-term Democrat [[Mark Pryor]]. Huckabee denied any plans to do this, and Huckabee campaign manager Chip Saltsman claimed that the campaign had actually surpassed its first quarter fund raising goal.<ref>http://www.todaysthv.com/news/news.aspx?storyid=43877</ref>


In September 2015, speaking about his support of [[Freedom of religion|religious freedom]] on behalf of [[Kentucky]] county clerk [[Kim Davis]] to radio host [[Michael Medved]], Huckabee said, "Michael, the [[Dred Scott v. Sandford|''Dred Scott'' decision of 1857]] still remains to this day the law of the land which says that [[black people]] aren't fully human. Does anybody still follow the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision?"<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/253292-huckabee-says-dred-scott-still-law-of-land/|title=Huckabee says Dred Scott still 'law of land'|newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/sep/11/mike-huckabee-dred-scott-decision-still-law-land/|title=Mike Huckabee: Dred Scott decision still 'the law of the land'|newspaper=[[The Washington Times]]}}</ref> (The decision in ''Dred Scott v. Sandford'' had been superseded by the [[Civil Rights Act of 1866]] and nullified by the [[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Thirteenth]] and [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourteenth]] Amendments to the [[U.S. Constitution]].)
[[Image:Unpoedic huckabee-20070131.jpg|thumb|250px|left|Huckabee addressing supporters in Iowa.]]
Huckabee has said that [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]] [[Alberto Gonzales]] is "creating a major distraction for the President and for the administration and for the Republican Party," and suggested that perhaps Gonzales should consider resigning due to the current controversy surrounding him.<ref>{{citenews | first=Liz | last=Sidoti | coauthors= | title= Huckabee calls Gonzales a distraction |date=[[April 23]], [[2007]] | publisher= | url=http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070423/ap_on_el_pr/huckabee_ap_interview | work=Associated Press | pages= | accessdate = 2007-04-23 | language = }}</ref> On [[April 23]], [[2007]], Huckabee finished second in a [[South Carolina]] [[straw poll]] conducted by the local [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] parties in [[Greenville County, South Carolina|Greenville]], [[Spartanburg County, South Carolina|Spartanburg]] and [[Richland County, South Carolina|Richland]] counties with 111 votes behind former [[Massachusetts]] [[Mitt Romney|Gov. Mitt Romney]].<ref>{{citenews | first=Lauren | last=kornreich | coauthors= | title= McCain fares poorly, Huckabee well in S.C. straw poll
|date=[[April 23]], [[2007]] | publisher= | url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/04/21/s.c.straw.poll/index.html?eref=yahoo | work=CNN | pages= | accessdate = 2007-04-25 | language = }}</ref>


In June 2016, Huckabee, along with actor [[Pat Boone]] and executive producer Troy Duhon, all of whom were involved in the film ''[[God's Not Dead 2]]'', sent a letter to California governor [[Jerry Brown]] opposing Senate Bill 1146, which "prohibits a person from being subjected to discrimination" at California colleges. Other than religious schools—those that train pastors and theology teachers—schools "might no longer be allowed to hire Christian-only staff, teach religious ideas in regular classes, require attendance at chapel services or keep bathrooms and dormitories restricted to either males or females."<ref>{{cite web|last=Bond|first=Paul|date=June 30, 2016|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/gods-not-dead-2-filmmakers-907838|title=''God's Not Dead 2'' Filmmakers Wade Into California Politics|work=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=August 24, 2016}}</ref>
Huckabee participated in the [[Republican Presidential Debates, 2008|May 3, 2007 Republican Presidential Debates]] along with the nine other declared candidates. Huckabee expressed support of a [[FairTax]], a [[balanced budget]] with reduced spending, making the Bush administration's 2001 and 2003 [[tax cuts]] permanent, combating climate change, and comprehensive [[immigration reform]].


===Climate change===
Huckabee generated publicity from his performance in the [[May 15]], [[2007]] [[Republican Presidential Debates, 2008|Republican Presidential Debates]]. One widely-reported Huckabee comment was "[w]e've had a Congress that's spent money like [[John Edwards]] at a beauty shop", a reference to the report of Edwards, a 2008 Democratic Presidential candidate, spending $800 of campaign money on two haircuts.<ref>[http://mediamatters.org/items/200705160005?f=h_latest Media heaped praise on Huckabee's "sexual dig" at Edwards]</ref>
In 2023, Huckabee published ''Kids Guide to the Truth About Climate Change'', which minimized the influence of [[Greenhouse gas emissions|human emissions]] on [[Climate change|global warming]].<ref name=InsideClimateNews_20230731/> Marketed as an alternative to mainstream education, the publication does not attribute authorship or cite scientific credentials.<ref name=InsideClimateNews_20230731>{{cite news |last1=Gopal |first1=Keerti |title=Mike Huckabee's "Kids Guide to the Truth About Climate Change" Shows the Changing Landscape of Climate Denial |url=https://insideclimatenews.org/news/31072023/huckabees-kids-guide-to-climate/ |work=Inside Climate News |date=31 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731092032/https://insideclimatenews.org/news/31072023/huckabees-kids-guide-to-climate/ |archive-date=31 July 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref> The deputy director of the [[National Center for Science Education]] called the publication "propaganda" and "very unreliable as a guide to climate change for kids", noting that it represented "present day" [[Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere|atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide]] as 280 parts per million (ppm), which was true in 391 BC but short of 2023's actual concentration of 420 ppm.<ref name=NSCS_20230803>{{cite web |title=NCSE helps to expose climate change propaganda aimed at kids |url=https://ncse.ngo/ncse-helps-expose-climate-change-propaganda-aimed-kids |publisher=National Center for Science Education (NCSE) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804025333/https://ncse.ngo/ncse-helps-expose-climate-change-propaganda-aimed-kids |archive-date=4 August 2023 |date=3 August 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>


===Military===
Huckabee said on [[May 16]] that, if his campaign falters, he would have to think long and hard before agreeing to become a vice-presidential candidate on a ticket whose presidential choice endorses [[abortion]]. "This is an issue to me that is very critical. It's one of the reasons that I got into politics because I believe the manner in which we treat innocent life and the matter in which we respect human life, at whatever stage ... is an incredibly powerful statement about who we are as a people," Huckabee told reporters in a conference call in [[South Carolina]].<ref>http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2007/5/17/81831.shtml?s=al&promo_code=3425-1</ref>
In 2007, Huckabee argued for a larger military and an increase in defense spending, writing, "Right now, we spend about 3.9 percent of our GDP on defense, compared with about six percent in 1986, under President Ronald Reagan. We need to return to that six percent level."<ref name="foreignaffairs.org">{{cite news |date=2008 |last=Huckabee |first=Michael D. |title=America's Priorities in the War on Terror |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/63059/michael-d-huckabee/americas-priorities-in-the-war-on-terror |work=[[Foreign Affairs]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>


===Immigration===
The Huckabee campaign announced on [[June 8]] [[2007]] that Huckabee would participate in the [[Ames Straw Poll|Iowa Republican Party's Straw Poll]], scheduled for Saturday, [[August 11]] [[2007]] in [[Ames, Iowa]] at [[Iowa State University]]. At that [[straw poll]], Huckabee placed second with 2587 votes totaling 18.1 percent, behind [[Mitt Romney]], but ahead of [[Sam Brownback]] who had spent far more money on the campaign.


During his bid for president, Huckabee released a nine-point immigration enforcement and border security plan. His plan included building a border fence, increased border patrol personnel, and increased visas for skilled workers who enter the country legally. He has previously stated he is opposed to using military resources for border patrol.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/22/AR2006052201237.html| title=Interview with Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee| newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]| date=May 23, 2006 | access-date=May 22, 2010}}</ref> Huckabee's plan also required all 11–12 million<ref>[http://pewhispanic.org/files/factsheets/17.pdf Fact Sheet – April 26, 2006] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207004302/http://pewhispanic.org/files/factsheets/17.pdf |date=February 7, 2015 }} Pew Hispanic Center</ref> undocumented immigrants to register with the federal government and return to their home countries within 120 days. Failure to do so would carry a ten-year ban from entering the US.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mikehuckabee.com/?FuseAction=Newsroom.PressRelease&ID=412|title=Pledge to the People|publisher=Mike Huckabee for President|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012181623/http://www.mikehuckabee.com/?FuseAction=Newsroom.PressRelease&ID=412|archive-date=October 12, 2016}}</ref>
In a [[July 9]] [[2007]] interview, Huckabee said that his solution for ending the ongoing violence in Iraq would include a troop increase and seeking additional support from other nations in the [[Middle East]].<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19674324/</ref>


===Gun control===
Huckabee has received several endorsements, one such from former [[South Carolina]] Governor [[David Beasley]].<ref>[http://huckabee.wordpress.com/2007/05/19/press-release-former-south-carolina-governor-david-beasley-endorses-mike-huckabee/ Huckabee endorsed by Beasley]</ref> In August 2007, Former Speaker of the House [[Newt Gingrich]] predicted that Huckabee will catch on with Republican primary voters, and called him "the most interesting dark horse".<ref>http://www.examiner.com/a-869600~Clinton_says_wife_has_strong_support_from_military.html</ref> Huckabee has also been endorsed by famous actor [[Chuck Norris]].<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,304096,00.html</ref>


Huckabee has voiced his support for [[self-defense]] and the [[Castle Doctrine]], and has generally taken an anti-[[gun control]] stance. He believes that the concealed carrying of weapons should be allowed.<ref name="issues"/>
On [[October 21]] [[2007]], Huckabee came in 2nd in the Values Voter Summit Straw Poll with 1565 (27.15%) votes, a close 2nd to Mitt Romney's 1595 (27.62%) votes, but among on-site voters he received a majority of votes, 488 votes out of 952.(51.26%)<ref>http://www.frcaction.org/</ref>


===Fiscal policy===
On [[October 26]] [[2007]], Huckabee is recorded as surpassing a first-tier candidate for the first time in a nation-wide poll, garnering 12% of presidential tracking poll, just 1% over [[Mitt Romney]].<ref>http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/election_2008__1/2008_presidential_election/daily_presidential_tracking_poll</ref>


As governor of Arkansas, Huckabee received grades of B in 1998,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Stansel|first2=Dean|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/pa315.pdf|title=A Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 1998 |date=September 3, 1998|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Stansel|first2=Dean|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/fiscal-report-card-americas-governors-1998|title=A Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 1998|date=September 3, 1998|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref> C in 2000,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Slivinski|first2=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/pa391.pdf|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2000 |date=February 12, 2001|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Slivinski|first2=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/fiscal-policy-report-card-americas-governors-2000|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2000|date=February 12, 2001|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref> C in 2002,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Slivinski|first2=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/pa454.pdf|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2002 |date=September 20, 2002|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Moore |first1=Stephen |last2=Slivinski |first2=Stephen |publisher=[[Cato Institute]] |url=http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-454es.html |title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2002 |date=September 20, 2002 |access-date=September 3, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904142858/http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-454es.html |archive-date=September 4, 2015 }}</ref> D in 2004,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Slivinski|first2=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/pa537.pdf|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2004 |date=March 1, 2005|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Moore|first1=Stephen|last2=Slivinski|first2=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/fiscal-policy-report-card-americas-governors-2004|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2004|date=March 1, 2005|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref> and F in 2006<ref>{{cite web |last=Slivinski|first=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/pa581.pdf|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2006 |date=October 24, 2006|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Slivinski|first=Stephen|publisher=[[Cato Institute]]|url=http://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/fiscal-policy-report-card-americas-governors-2006|title=Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2006|date=October 24, 2006|access-date=September 3, 2015}}</ref> from the [[Cato Institute]], a [[Libertarianism in the United States|libertarian]] think tank, in their biennial Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors.
==Health advocacy==
When elected governor of Arkansas, Huckabee was significantly overweight. In [[2003]], physicians diagnosed the governor with [[Type 2 diabetes mellitus|adult-onset diabetes]] and informed him that he would not live more than ten years if he did not lose weight. Prompted by this diagnosis (as well as the subsequent death of former Governor White, whose [[obesity]] led to a fatal [[myocardial infarction|heart attack]]), Huckabee began dieting. He subsequently lost over 110 pounds,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7752179/site/newsweek/|title=MSNBC article|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/16/AR2006011601380.html|title=Washington Post article|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref> according to a ''[[New York Times]]'' article at a pace so rapid that "it was as if he simply unzipped a fat suit and stepped out."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/10/us/10weight.html|title=New York Times article|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref>


===Israel & Palestine===
Huckabee publicly recounted his previous burdens as an overweight man: the steps of the Arkansas capitol from the entrance of the building up to the Governor's office were so long and steep that he would be out of breath and exhausted by the time he reached the top of the stairs; he secretly feared that he would be interviewed by media at the top of the steps, and that he would be unable to respond appropriately due to his overexertion and breathlessness.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.state.ar.us/governor/media/radio/text/r07242004.html|title=www.state.ar.us/governor/media/radio/text/r07242004.html<!--INSERT TITLE-->|accessdate=2007-02-10}}</ref>
Huckabee is a strong supporter of [[Israel]], opposing [[Israeli–Palestinian peace process|Palestinian statehood]]. In 2017, at an event in the [[West Bank]], he stated: "There is no such thing as a West Bank - it's Judea and Samaria. There's no such thing as a settlement. They're communities. They're neighborhoods. They're cities. There's no such thing as an occupation."<ref name="npr2024">{{cite news |last1=Fowler |first1=Steven |title=Trump to name former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee as ambassador to Israel |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/11/12/g-s1-33899/trump-mike-huckabee-ambassador-israel-evangelical-gaza-hamas-war |access-date=12 November 2024 |work=NPR |date=12 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Kevin |last2=Maher |first2=Kit |title=Trump picks Mike Huckabee to serve as US ambassador to Israel {{!}} CNN Politics |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/12/politics/mike-huckabee-israel/index.html |access-date=12 November 2024 |work=CNN |date=12 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>


== Public image ==
Huckabee has discussed his weight loss and used health care reform as major focuses of his governorship.<ref> [[Brian Wansink]] and Mike Huckabee (2005), “De-Marketing Obesity,” ''California Management Review'', 47:4 (Summer), 6-18.</ref>
{{Main|Public image of Mike Huckabee}}Huckabee has both detractors and defenders, even among Republicans. Personality descriptions range from friendly, charming and warm, to petty and aloof.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.economist.com/world/na/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10309069 |title=Mike Huckabee &#124; Slim chance |publisher=Economist.com |date=2007-12-14 |access-date=2008-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424114440/http://www.economist.com/world/na/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10309069 |archive-date=2008-04-24 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishexponent.com/article/14881/ |title=Should We Fear Faith? &#124; The Jewish Exponent<!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher=Jewishexponent.com |access-date=2008-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406004346/http://www.jewishexponent.com/article/14881/ |archive-date=2009-04-06 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://corner.nationalreview.com/post/?q=MWViMGIxMDZkNmQ3ZWVlMDcxYWQ1OTNmNzg4OTIzNGQ= |title=The Corner on National Review Online<!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher=Corner.nationalreview.com |access-date=2008-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919093745/http://corner.nationalreview.com/post/?q=MWViMGIxMDZkNmQ3ZWVlMDcxYWQ1OTNmNzg4OTIzNGQ= |archive-date=2008-09-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2007/12/13/contrary_to_pundits_not_everybody_loves_huckabee/ |title=Contrary to pundits, not everybody loves Huckabee - The Boston Globe<!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher=Boston.com |date= 2007-12-13|access-date=2008-10-16 | first=Dan | last=Payne}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/22/us/politics/22huckabee.html |title=Charming and Aloof, Huckabee Changed State - New York Times<!-- Bot generated title --> |work=[[The New York Times]] |last=Nossiter |first=Adam |last2=Barstow |first2=David |name-list-style=and |date=December 22, 2007 |access-date=2008-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411140830/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/22/us/politics/22huckabee.html |archive-date=2009-04-11 |url-status=live }}</ref> He has received support from African-American leaders, praise from a liberal ''New York Times'' columnist, and criticism from gay rights groups and pundits. Huckabee has made controversial public statements that have brought criticism. He apologized for at least three statements and has admitted that his love for metaphors and tendency to use hyperbole to make a point has backfired on him.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vote-smart.org/speech_detail.php?sc_id=322527&keyword=&phrase=&contain= |title=Project Vote Smart - Michael D. 'Mike' Huckabee - The New Republic - The Bearable Lightness of Mike Huckabee<!-- Bot generated title --> |publisher=Vote-smart.org |access-date=2008-10-16 }}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


==Personal life==
Drawing attention to his weight loss and new outlook, Huckabee ran in the 2006 [[New York City Marathon]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thejournalnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061105/SPORTS01/611050390/1271/SPORTS| publisher=The Journal News| date=November 5, 2006| author=Jane McManus| title=At NYC Marathon, there's no telling who you may run into}}</ref>


===Music===
Huckabee ran in the 2005 [[Marine Corps Marathon]], and the 2005 and 2006 [[Little Rock Marathon]]. The 2005 Little Rock Marathon featured an impromptu challenge between Huckabee and [[Iowa]] Governor [[Tom Vilsack]]. Huckabee completed the marathon in 4:38:31, defeating Vilsack by 50 minutes.
[[File:Former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee play bass guitar with recording artist Ayla Brown in 2015.jpg|thumb|300px|Huckabee plays [[bass guitar]] with recording artist [[Ayla Brown]] in 2015.]]


Huckabee plays the [[electric bass guitar]] in his classic-rock cover band, [[Capitol Offense (band)|Capitol Offense]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Capitol Offense MySpace Profile |url=https://www.myspace.com/capitoloffense |access-date=December 12, 2007}}</ref> The group has played for political events and parties, including entertaining at unofficial inaugural balls in Washington, D.C., in January 2001.<ref>{{cite news |last=Collins |first=Glenn |title=He Knows a Little Rock |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 2, 2004 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/02/politics/campaign/02pink.html |access-date=December 12, 2007 }}</ref>
Huckabee was one of 10 recipients of a 2006 American Association of Retired Persons ([[AARP]]) Impact Award acknowledging his work as a "health crusader".


In 2007, Huckabee was given the Music for Life Award by the [[National Association of Music Merchants]] (NAMM) for his music education advocacy.<ref name="harvard">{{cite web|date=2014|title=Mike Huckabee|url=http://www.iop.harvard.edu/mike-huckabee|access-date=January 9, 2015|website=[[Harvard Institute of Politics]]}}</ref>
==Books==
Huckabee has authored or co-authored five books:
*''Character is the Issue'' (1997), a memoir (inspired by the crisis surrounding the incidents prior to his taking office as governor)
*''Kids Who Kill'' (1998), a book about juvenile violence (inspired by the [[Jonesboro massacre]], which took place during his tenure as governor)
*''Living Beyond Your Lifetime'' (2000), a guide for leaving a personal legacy
*''[[Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork]]'' (2005), a health and exercise inspirational guide (based on his personal health experience) Publisher: Center Street
*''From Hope to Higher Ground: 12 Stops to Restoring America's Greatness'' (2007) Publisher: Center Street


===Organizations===
Huckabee also wrote the foreword to ''[http://memoryjournaling.com My Story Your Story His Story]'' (2006) by Larry Toller
Huckabee was made the chair of the [[Southern Governors' Association]] in 1999 and served in capacity through 2000. He has chaired the Southern Growth Policies Board, the [[Southern Regional Education Board]], the Southern Technology Council, the [[Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission]], and the [[Education Commission of the States]]. He is also a member of the [[Republican Governors Association]] and former chairman of the [[National Governors Association]]. Huckabee is chairman of the conservative [[political action committee]]s Vertical Politics Institute and Huck PAC.

In 2006, Huckabee was initiated as an honorary member of [[Tau Kappa Epsilon]] (TKE) Fraternity, motivated in part by his son David being an involved TKE member at [[Arkansas State University]].<ref>{{cite web |last=McAninch |first=Tom |date=December 14, 2006 |title=Governor of Arkansas Becomes a Frater |url=https://www.tke.org/news/2006/12/14/governor-of-arkansas-becomes-a-frater |publisher=[[Tau Kappa Epsilon]] |access-date=November 12, 2023}}</ref>

In July 2010, Huckabee became a fundraiser on behalf of [[for-profit]] [[Victory University]] in [[Memphis, Tennessee]], and was designated Chancellor of the Victory University Foundation.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Callahan|first=Jody|date=July 12, 2010|title=Former Arkansas Governor Huckabee to be a fundraiser for Victory University|work=Memphis Commercial Appeal|url=https://www.pressreader.com/usa/the-commercial-appeal/20100713/281505042490379|access-date=October 13, 2020}}</ref>

Huckabee was appointed to the Board of Trustees of the [[John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts|Kennedy Center]] by President [[Donald Trump]] in March 2019. His term on the board expired in September 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Ted |date=2019-03-26 |title=Trump Taps Jon Voight, Mike Huckabee for Kennedy Center Board |url=https://variety.com/2019/politics/news/trump-kennedy-center-jon-voight-mike-huckabee-1203173316/ |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>{{externalvideo
| float = left
| width = 320px
| video1 = [https://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/mike-huckabee ''Oral History, Gov. Mike Huckabee talks about the sacrifice his parents made in giving him one of the greatest gifts he ever received, his first electric guitar.'' Interview date January 24, 2014, NAMM (National Association of Music Merchants) Oral History Library]
|
}}

===Weight loss and advocacy of good health===
When he was elected governor of Arkansas, Huckabee was [[obesity|obese]]. In 2003, physicians diagnosed him with [[type 2 diabetes]], and they also informed him that he would not live more than 10 years if he did not lose weight. Huckabee acknowledges that he has weighed as much as {{Convert|300|lb}}. Coupled with the death of former Governor [[Frank D. White]] (whose obesity contributed to a fatal [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]]) his diagnosis prompted Huckabee to begin eating healthier and exercising. He subsequently lost over {{Convert|110|lb}}.<ref>
{{cite news |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7752179/site/newsweek |last=Barrett |first=Jennifer |date=May 5, 2005 |work=[[Newsweek]] |access-date=January 9, 2015 |title=Campaigning for a Healthier America |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061214093849/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7752179/site/newsweek |archive-date = December 14, 2006}}<br/>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/16/AR2006011601380.html |title=Fire in the Belly |last=Leibovich |first=Mark |access-date=January 9, 2015 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=January 17, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/bmi-calculator/NU00597|title=BMI Calculator from the Mayo Clinic|access-date=January 27, 2008}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' called the weight loss so rapid that "it was as if he simply unzipped a fat suit and stepped out."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/10/us/10weight.html|title=The Slenderized Governor, With Advice to Share | work=[[The New York Times]] | first=Shaila | last=Dewan | date=September 10, 2006 |access-date=February 10, 2007}}</ref>

Although Huckabee has stated that he never smoked and he never drank alcohol,<ref name="brianlamb"/> he declared himself a "recovering foodaholic". Huckabee has publicly recounted his previous burdens as an obese man: the steps of the Arkansas capitol from the entrance of the building up to the Governor's office were so long and steep that he would be out of breath and exhausted by the time he reached the top of the stairs.<ref>{{cite book |last=Karnazes |first=Dean |author-link=Dean Karnazes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_4P_t_T2DAC&pg=PT33 |title=50/50: Secrets I Learned Running 50 Marathons in 50 Days – and How You Too Can Achieve Super Endurance! |last2=Fitzgerald |first2=Matt |date=2008 |publisher=[[Hachette Book Group USA]] |isbn=978-0-446-53789-6 |location=[[New York City|New York]] |page=33 |access-date=January 9, 2015}}</ref> Huckabee has discussed his weight loss and used health care reform as a major focus of his governorship.<ref>[[Brian Wansink]] and Mike Huckabee (2005), "De-Marketing Obesity", ''California Management Review'', 47:4 (Summer), 6–18.</ref>

At an August 2007 forum on [[cancer]] which was hosted by [[Lance Armstrong]], Huckabee said that he would support the imposition of a federal [[smoking ban]], but since then, he has stated that he believes that the issue is best addressed by state and local governments.<ref>{{cite news |last=Young |first=Jeffrey |date=January 16, 2008 |title=Huckabee about-face on smoking |url=http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/huckabee-about-face-on-smoking-2008-01-16.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621070232/http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/huckabee-about-face-on-smoking-2008-01-16.html |archive-date=June 21, 2009 |access-date=January 18, 2008 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>

Huckabee has completed several marathons: the 2005 [[Marine Corps Marathon]], the 2005 and 2006 [[Little Rock Marathon]], and the 2006 [[New York City Marathon]].<ref>{{cite news |last=McManus |first=Jane |date=November 5, 2006 |title=At NYC Marathon, there's no telling who you may run into |url=http://www.lohud.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061105/SPORTS01/611050390/1271/SPORTS |newspaper=[[The Journal News]] |location=Lower Hudson Valley}}</ref> The 2005 Little Rock Marathon featured an impromptu challenge between Huckabee and [[Iowa]] Governor [[Tom Vilsack]]. Huckabee completed the marathon in 4:38:31, defeating Vilsack by 50 minutes. He wrote a book chronicling his weight-loss experience, ''Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork''. Huckabee was one of 10 recipients of a 2006 [[AARP]] Impact Award acknowledging his work as a "health crusader".

In 2009, Huckabee acknowledged that he had gained back a quarter of his weight due to a foot condition that prevented him from running.<ref>{{cite news|first=Emily|last=Miller|year=2009|title=Weighty Matters: Mike Huckabee Gains 25 Lbs., 'Biggest Loser' Comes to D.C.|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|url=http://www.politicsdaily.com/2009/11/05/injured-mike-huckabee-regains-25-pounds-the-biggest-loser-com/|access-date=August 14, 2011|archive-date=November 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116084429/http://www.politicsdaily.com/2009/11/05/injured-mike-huckabee-regains-25-pounds-the-biggest-loser-com/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
[[File:Mike Huckabee (5842048203).jpg|thumb|At a book signing in 2011]]
Huckabee has written or co-authored several books including ''Do The Right Thing: Inside the Movement That's Bringing Common Sense Back to America'' (released on November 18, 2008) which became a ''[[New York Times]]'' [[The New York Times Best Seller list|Best Seller]],<ref>{{cite news |date=January 4, 2009 |title=The New York Times Best Seller List |url=http://www.hawes.com/2009/2009-01-04.pdf |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref> ''[[Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork]]'' and ''God, Guns, Grits, and Gravy''.
* {{cite book |year=1997 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=Character is the issue : how people with integrity can revolutionize America |publisher=Broadman & Holman Publishers |publication-place=Nashville, Tenn |isbn=0-8054-6367-4 |oclc=37369167}} a memoir (inspired by the crisis surrounding the incidents prior to his taking office as governor)
* {{cite book |year=1998 |last1=Huckabee |first1=Mike |author-mask=with |last2=Grant |first2=G. |title=[[Kids Who Kill]] |publisher=B&H Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-4336-6992-7}} a book about juvenile violence (inspired by the [[1998 Westside Middle School shooting]], which took place during his tenure as governor)
* {{cite book |year=2000 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=Living Beyond Your Lifetime: How to be Intentional about the Legacy You Leave |publisher=Broadman & Holman |isbn=978-0-8054-2336-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FRhQAmecnr0C}} a guide for leaving a personal legacy
* {{cite book |year=2005 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=[[Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork |Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork: A 12-Stop Program to End Bad Habits and Begin a Healthy Lifestyle]] |publisher=[[Center Street (publisher)|Center Street]] |isbn=978-0-446-57806-6}} a health and exercise inspirational guide (based on his personal health experience)
* {{cite book |year=2007 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=From Hope to Higher Ground: 12 STOPs to Restoring America's Greatness |publisher=Center Street |isbn=978-1-59995-110-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QSWVwyPtzYC}}
* "De-Marketing Obesity" in the ''California Management Review'', (with [[Brian Wansink]]), 47:4 (Summer 2005), 6–18.
* Huckabee also wrote the foreword to ''[http://memoryjournaling.com/ My Story Your Story His Story]'' (2006) by Larry Toller
* Governor Huckabee also wrote the Foreword for [https://www.facebook.com/pages/With-Christ-in-the-Voting-Booth/211958685634824 "With Christ in Voting Booth]" by David Shedlock
* {{cite book |year=2007 |last1=Huckabee |first1=Mike |author-mask=with |last2=Perry |first2=J. |title=Character Makes a Difference: Where I'm From, where I've Been, what I Believe |publisher=Broadman & Holman Publishers |isbn=978-0-8054-4677-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tis1PI_QlecC}}
* {{cite book |year=2008 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=Do the Right Thing: Inside the Movement That's Bringing Common Sense Back to America |publisher=Sentinel |series=New York Times best sellers |isbn=978-1-59523-054-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uqnwwlaF3OwC}}
* {{cite book |year=2009 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=A Simple Christmas: Twelve Stories that Celebrate the True Holiday Spirit |publisher=Sentinel |isbn=978-1-59523-062-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ivnjtAEACAAJ}}
* {{cite book |year=2011 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=A Simple Government: Twelve Things We Really Need from Washington (and a Trillion That We Don't!) |publisher=Penguin Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-101-47583-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yAomHRz76-sC}}
* {{cite book |year=2012 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=Dear Chandler, Dear Scarlett: A Grandfather's Thoughts on Faith, Family, and the Things That Matter Most |publisher=Penguin Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-101-60169-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C0dYb157qC4C}}
* {{cite book |year=2015 |last=Huckabee |first=Mike |author-mask=1 |title=God, Guns, Grits, and Gravy |publisher=St. Martin's Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-4668-6671-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IHMOBAAAQBAJ}} Huckabee discusses the myriad differences he's seen between those who live in the blue, coastal "bubbles" and the "bubbas" of the red flyover states. Huckabee uses [[Jay-Z]] and [[Beyoncé]] as examples of a "culture of crude". He describes Beyoncé's lyrics as "obnoxious and toxic mental poison".<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Blistein |first1=Jon |title=Watch Jon Stewart, Mike Huckabee Clash Over Culture, Beyoncé |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/news/jon-stewart-mike-huckabee-clash-over-culture-beyonce-20150120 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=January 20, 2015 |access-date=January 21, 2015}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[List of governors of Arkansas]]
* [[Arkansas gubernatorial election, 2006]]
* [[Electoral history of Mike Huckabee]]
* [[2016 Republican Party presidential candidates]]


==Notes==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite encyclopedia |first=Thomas F. X. |last=Varacalli |title=Mike Huckabee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jWxyDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA360 |editor=Frank J. Smith |encyclopedia=Religion and Politics in America: An Encyclopedia of Church and State in American Life |date=July 11, 2016 |location=Santa Barbara, Cal. |publisher=ABC-CLIO |pages=360–361 |isbn=9781598844368 |oclc=921863922}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{wikisource author}}
{{wikisource author}}
{{wikiquote}}
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Commons}}
;Official sites
* [http://www.mikehuckabee.com/ Official Campaign Website]
* {{official website|http://www.mikehuckabee.com/}}
* {{C-SPAN|24776}}
**[http://mikehuckabeeforum.com/ Official Forum]
* [http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/summary.php?cid=N00007539 Campaign contributions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034035/http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/summary.php?cid=N00007539 |date=December 1, 2017 }} at OpenSecrets.org
** [http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=About.Home Official Biography]
* [http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=108 Profile] in the ''[[Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture]]''
** [http://www.mikehuckabee.com/index.cfm?FuseAction=Blogs.Home Blog]
* {{IMDb name|1932882}}
** [http://www.facebook.com/person.php?id=2354372868 Facebook]
** [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8645300@N07/ Flickr]
** [http://www.myspace.com/mikehuckabeeforpresident MySpace]
** [http://www.youtube.com/explorehuckabee YouTube]
** [http://twitter.com/teamhuckabee Twitter]
** [http://flickr.com/photos/mikehuckabee/ Flickr]

;Documentaries, topic pages and databases
* [http://www.followthemoney.org/database/StateGlance/candidate.phtml?si=20023&c=19473 Follow the Money — Mike Huckabee] campaign contributions for the 2002 Governor race
* [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/h/mike_huckabee/index.html New York Times — Mike Huckabee News] news stories and commentary
* [http://senate.ontheissues.org/Mike_Huckabee.htm On the Issues — Mike Huckabee] issue positions and quotes
* [http://www.vote-smart.org/bio.php?can_id=1657 Project Vote Smart - Mike Huckabee] voter information
* [http://www.gedview.com/huckabee/ Genealogy of Mike Huckabee]
* Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture entry: [http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=108 Mike Huckabee]


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Asa Hutchinson]]}}
{{s-ttl|title={{nowrap|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of United States senators from Arkansas|U.S. Senator]] from [[Arkansas]]}}<br/>([[Classes of United States senators|Class 3]])|years=[[1992 United States Senate election in Arkansas|1992]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Fay Boozman]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Kenneth Harris (politician)|Kenneth Harris]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas]]|years=[[1993 United States gubernatorial elections|1993]], [[1994 Arkansas gubernatorial election|1994]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Winthrop Paul Rockefeller|Win Rockefeller]]}}
|-
{{s-vac|last=[[Ed Bethune]]<br>{{small|1984}}}}
{{s-ttl|title={{nowrap|[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of United States senators from Arkansas|U.S. Senator]] from [[Arkansas]]}}<br/>([[Classes of United States senators|Class 3]])<br>{{small|Withdrew}}|years=[[1996 United States Senate election in Arkansas|1996]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Tim Hutchinson]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Sheffield Nelson]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of Governors of Arkansas|Governor of Arkansas]]|years=[[1998 Arkansas gubernatorial election|1998]], [[2002 Arkansas gubernatorial election|2002]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Asa Hutchinson]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Jim Guy Tucker]]}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Jim Guy Tucker|Jim Tucker]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas]] | years=1993 – 1996<br><small>'''Served Under: [[Jim Guy Tucker]]'''</small>}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas]]|years=1993–1996}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Winthrop Paul Rockefeller]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Winthrop Paul Rockefeller|Win Rockefeller]]}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Governors of Arkansas|Governor of Arkansas]] |years=1996 – 2007}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Governors of Arkansas|Governor of Arkansas]]|years=1996–2007}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mike Beebe]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mike Beebe]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Mark Warner]]<br><small>''[[Virginia]]''</small>}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Mark Warner]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of [[National Governors Association]]|years=2005 – 2006}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of [[National Governors Association]]|years=2005–2006}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Janet Napolitano]]<br><small>''[[Arizona]]''</small>}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Janet Napolitano]]}}
{{end}}
|-
{{s-prec|usa}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jim Guy Tucker]]|as=Former Governor}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence|Order of precedence of the United States]]|years=}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mike Beebe]]|as=Former Governor}}
{{s-end}}


{{Fox News Personalities}}
{{ARGovernors}}
{{Governors of Arkansas}}
{{2008 U.S. presidential election}}
{{Lieutenant Governors of Arkansas}}
{{National Governors Association chairs}}
{{United States presidential election, 2008}}
{{United States presidential election, 2016}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Arkansas|Christianity|Conservatism|Politics|Television|United States}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata
|NAME=Huckabee, Michael Dale
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=Arkansas politician
|DATE OF BIRTH=[[August 24]], [[1955]]
|PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Hope, Arkansas]]
|DATE OF DEATH=living
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Huckabee, Mike}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Huckabee, Mike}}
[[Category:Mike Huckabee|Mike Huckabee]]
[[Category:1955 births]]
[[Category:1955 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Governors of Arkansas]]
[[Category:20th-century American guitarists]]
[[Category:Lieutenant Governors of Arkansas]]
[[Category:20th-century American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Baptists from the United States]]
[[Category:20th-century Arkansas politicians]]
[[Category:Baptist ministers]]
[[Category:20th-century Baptist ministers from the United States]]
[[Category:Creationists]]
[[Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:American bass guitarists]]
[[Category:21st-century Arkansas politicians]]
[[Category:Arkansas Republicans]]
[[Category:21st-century Baptists]]
[[Category:Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary alumni]]
[[Category:American anti-abortion activists]]
[[Category:American Christian writers]]
[[Category:American Christian Young Earth creationists]]
[[Category:American Christian Zionists]]
[[Category:American conservative talk radio hosts]]
[[Category:American evangelicals]]
[[Category:American gun rights activists]]
[[Category:American health activists]]
[[Category:American health and wellness writers]]
[[Category:American male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:American memoirists]]
[[Category:American political commentators]]
[[Category:American political writers]]
[[Category:American rock bass guitarists]]
[[Category:American television talk show hosts]]
[[Category:American anti-same-sex-marriage activists]]
[[Category:Baptist writers]]
[[Category:Baptists from Arkansas]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2008 United States presidential election]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2016 United States presidential election]]
[[Category:Florida Republicans]]
[[Category:Fox News people]]
[[Category:Republican Party governors of Arkansas]]
[[Category:Guitarists from Arkansas]]
[[Category:Intelligent design advocates]]
[[Category:Lieutenant governors of Arkansas]]
[[Category:Ouachita Baptist University alumni]]
[[Category:Ouachita Baptist University alumni]]
[[Category:Delegates to the Republican National Convention]]
[[Category:People from Arkansas]]
[[Category:People from Hope, Arkansas]]
[[Category:People from Hope, Arkansas]]
[[Category:Second Trump administration personnel]]

[[Category:Southern Baptist ministers]]
[[cs:Mike Huckabee]]
[[Category:Trinity Broadcasting Network people]]
[[de:Mike Huckabee]]
[[Category:Victory University]]
[[es:Mike Huckabee]]
[[Category:Writers from Arkansas]]
[[fr:Mike Huckabee]]
[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
[[nl:Mike Huckabee]]
[[Category:21st-century American male writers]]
[[no:Mike Huckabee]]
[[fi:Mike Huckabee]]
[[sv:Mike Huckabee]]
[[yi:מייק הוקאבי]]

Revision as of 11:08, 13 November 2024

Mike Huckabee
Huckabee in 2015
United States Ambassador-designate to Israel
Nominee
Assuming office
TBD
PresidentDonald Trump
SucceedingJack Lew
44th Governor of Arkansas
In office
July 15, 1996 – January 9, 2007
LieutenantWinthrop Paul Rockefeller (1996–2006)
None (2006–2007)
Preceded byJim Guy Tucker
Succeeded byMike Beebe
Chair of the National Governors Association
In office
July 18, 2005 – August 7, 2006
Preceded byMark Warner
Succeeded byJanet Napolitano
16th Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas
In office
November 20, 1993 – July 15, 1996
GovernorJim Guy Tucker
Preceded byJim Guy Tucker
Succeeded byWinthrop Paul Rockefeller
Personal details
Born
Michael Dale Huckabee

(1955-08-24) August 24, 1955 (age 69)
Hope, Arkansas, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
(m. 1974)
Children3, including Sarah
EducationOuachita Baptist University (BA)
Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary (attended)
Occupation
  • Political commentator
  • politician
  • minister
  • guitarist
Signature
WebsiteOfficial website

Michael Dale Huckabee (/ˈhʌkəbi/, born August 24, 1955) is an American political commentator, Baptist minister, and former politician who served as the 44th governor of Arkansas from 1996 to 2007.[1] He was a candidate for the Republican Party presidential nomination in both 2008 and 2016.

He is the host of the talk show Huckabee, which ran on the Fox News Channel from 2008 to 2015, and has run on TBN since October 2017. He paused the show in January 2015 in order to explore a potential bid for the presidency. From April 2012 through December 2013, he hosted a daily radio program, The Mike Huckabee Show, on weekday afternoons for Cumulus Media Networks.[2] Huckabee is an ordained Southern Baptist Pastor noted for his evangelical views,[3] a musician, and a public speaker. He has written several books, and was previously a political commentator on The Huckabee Report.[4]

In the 2008 Republican presidential primaries, Huckabee won the 2008 Iowa Republican caucuses and finished second in delegate count and third in both popular vote and number of states won, behind John McCain and Mitt Romney. Huckabee ran again for the Republican nomination in the 2016 presidential election but withdrew early in the primary following a disappointing finish in the Iowa caucus.

Huckabee is the father of Sarah Huckabee Sanders, the governor of Arkansas since 2023 and a former White House press secretary.[5]

On November 12, 2024, it was announced that President-elect Donald Trump would be nominating Huckabee as United States Ambassador to Israel. Trump stated that Huckabee would "bring peace to the Middle East."[6][7]

Early life

Huckabee was born on August 24, 1955, in Hope, Arkansas,[8] the son of Dorsey Wiles Huckabee (1923–1996) and his wife Mae (Elder) Huckabee (1925–1999), conservative Southern Democrats. Huckabee is of English, German, and Scots-Irish ancestry, with roots in America dating to the Colonial Era.[9][10] He has cited his working-class upbringing as the reason for his political views;[11] his father worked as a fireman and mechanic, and his mother worked as a clerk at a gas company.[12]

His first job, when he was 14, was at a radio station, where he read the news and weather.[13] He was elected governor of Arkansas by his chapter of the American Legion-sponsored Boys State program in 1972.[8] He was student council vice president at Hope High School during the 1971–1972 school year. He was student council president at Hope High School during the 1972–1973 school year.[14] He has one sister, Pat Harris, a middle school teacher.[15] He entered the ministry in 1972 at Garrett Memorial Baptist Church in Hope.

Huckabee married Janet McCain on May 25, 1974.[15][16] He graduated from Ouachita Baptist University on May 8, 1978,[17] completing his bachelor's degree in religion before attending Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in Fort Worth, Texas. He dropped out of the seminary after one year in order to take a job in Christian broadcasting.[18][19][20]

Pastoral career

Huckabee playing bass guitar at Thomas Road Baptist Church in 2008

At age 21, Huckabee was a staffer for televangelist James Robison.[14] Robison commented, "His convictions shape his character and his character will shape his policies. His whole life has been shaped by moral absolutes."[14] Prior to his political career, he served as pastor at Immanuel Baptist Church in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, from 1980 to 1986, and the Beech Street First Baptist Church in Texarkana, from 1986 to 1992.

Huckabee started 24-hour television stations in both Pine Bluff and Texarkana, where he produced documentaries and hosted a program called Positive Alternatives.[8] He encouraged the all-white Immanuel Baptist Church to accept black members in the mid-1980s.[14][21] Years later, he wrote about the insights he gained as a minister:

My experience dealing every day with real people who were genuinely affected by policies created by government gave me a deep understanding of the fragility of the human spirit and vulnerability of so many families who struggled from week to week. I was in the ICU at 2 a.m. with families faced with the decision to disconnect a respirator on their loved one; I counseled fifteen-year-old pregnant girls who were afraid to tell their parents about their condition; I spent hours hearing the grief of women who had been physically and emotionally clobbered by an abusive husband; I saw the anguish in the faces of an elderly couple when their declining health forced them to sell their home, give up their independence, and move into a long-term-care facility; I listened to countless young couples pour out their souls as they struggled to get their marriages into survival mode when confronted with overextended debt ...[22]

In 1989, Huckabee ran against Ronnie Floyd of Springdale for the presidency of the Arkansas Baptist State Convention. Huckabee won and served as president from 1989 to 1991.[23]

Huckabee has received two honorary doctorates: a Doctor of Humane Letters, received from John Brown University in 1991, and a Doctor of Laws from Ouachita Baptist University in 1992.[24]

Political career

Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas, campaign 1992

In Huckabee's first political race in 1992, he lost to incumbent Democratic senator Dale Bumpers, receiving 40 percent of the vote in the general election.[25] In the same election, Arkansas governor Bill Clinton was elected president, making lieutenant governor Jim Guy Tucker the new governor when Clinton resigned the governorship. In 1993, Republican state chairman Asa Hutchinson urged Huckabee to run in the special election for lieutenant governor held on July 27. Realizing his loss came among key conservative Democrats, Huckabee ran a decidedly conservative campaign. In the subsequent general election, he defeated Nate Coulter, who had been Bumpers's campaign manager the previous year,[26] 51–49 percent.[8] Huckabee became the second Republican since Reconstruction to serve as Arkansas lieutenant governor, the first having been Maurice Britt from 1967 to 1971.

In his autobiography From Hope to Higher Ground, Huckabee recalled the chilly reception that he received from the Arkansas Democratic establishment on his election as lieutenant governor: "The doors to my office were spitefully nailed shut from the inside, office furniture and equipment were removed, and the budget spent down to almost nothing prior to our arriving. After fifty-nine days of public outcry, the doors were finally opened for me to occupy the actual office I had been elected to hold two months earlier."[27]

Dick Morris, who had previously worked for Bill Clinton, advised Huckabee on his races in 1993, 1994, and 1998.[28] Huckabee commented that Morris was a "personal friend".[28] A newspaper article reported on Huckabee's 1993 win: "Morris said the mistake Republicans always make is that they are too much of a country club set. What we wanted to do was run a progressive campaign that would appeal to all Arkansans.'"[28]

Morris elaborated, "So we opened the campaign with ads that characterized Mike as more of a moderate whose values were the same as those of other Arkansans."[28] Consequently, he abandoned his earlier support for the Council of Conservative Citizens (CofCC) when in April 1994 following an adverse media campaign against the CofCC, Huckabee withdrew from a speaking engagement before their national convention. He repeated the accusations made by various media and civil rights organizations such as the Southern Poverty Law Center recalling his past association with the CofCC saying, "I will not participate in any program that has racist overtones. I've spent a lifetime fighting [against] racism and anti-Semitism."[29]

In 1994, Huckabee was re-elected to a full term as lieutenant governor, beating Democratic candidate Charlie Cole Chaffin with nearly 59 percent of the vote.[30] While lieutenant governor, Huckabee accepted $71,500 in speaking fees and traveling expenses from a nonprofit group, Action America. R. J. Reynolds was the group's largest contributor.[21]

In October 1995, David Pryor announced that he was retiring from the United States Senate. Huckabee then announced he was running for the open seat and moved ahead in the polls,[8] but ultimately dropped out of the race to lead the state after incumbent governor Jim Guy Tucker resigned following his fraud and conspiracy convictions.[31]

During his campaign, Huckabee opposed in December then-governor Tucker's plan for a constitutional convention.[32] The plan was defeated by voters, 80–20 percent, in a special election. In January 1996, Huckabee campaigned in televised ads paid for by the Republican National Committee and the Arkansas Republican Party against a highway referendum. Tucker supported the referendum, which included tax increases and a bond program, to improve 1,300 miles (2,100 km) of highway.[33] On the referendum, the bond question, which included a sales tax increase and a gas tax increase, lost 87–13 percent. A second question, a five-cent increase on diesel tax, lost 86–14 percent.[33][34] Huckabee also opposed Tucker's plan for school consolidation.[34]

Governor of Arkansas, 1996–2007

Governor Huckabee at Opening Ceremonies of the Big Dam Bridge

In May 1996, Tucker was convicted "on one count of arranging nearly $3 million in fraudulent loans" as part of the Whitewater controversy. The Arkansas Constitution, like nearly all state constitutions in the United States, does not allow convicted felons to hold office. Tucker thus promised to resign by July 15.[8] Huckabee then announced he would quit the Senate race and instead fill the unexpired term of Tucker.[31] However, Tucker, insisting he had a strong case for appeal,[35] rescinded his resignation as Huckabee was preparing to be sworn in on July 15. Within a few hours, Tucker reinstated his resignation after Huckabee and the legislature threatened to initiate impeachment proceedings against Tucker.[14] Huckabee was then duly sworn in as governor.

In November 1998, Huckabee was elected to a full four-year term by defeating retired colonel Gene McVay in the primary and Jonesboro attorney and Democratic candidate Bill Bristow in the general election, becoming the state's third elected Republican governor since Reconstruction. According to a CNN exit poll, Huckabee received 48% of the African American vote in his 1998 election;[36] but some experts have questioned whether those numbers are a representative sample on how he did on the whole in the election.[37]

In 2001, Huckabee was named "Friend of a Taxpayer" by Americans for Tax Reform for his cut in statewide spending.[38]

In November 2002, Huckabee was reelected to his second four-year term by defeating State Treasurer Jimmie Lou Fisher, garnering 53 percent of the vote. His reelection came despite the defeat in the general election of fellow Republican U.S. Senator Tim Hutchinson.

Huckabee received widespread praise for his state's rapid response to Hurricane Katrina. In 2005, Time named him one of the five best governors in the U.S., writing "Huckabee has approached his state's troubles with energy and innovation" and referred to him as "a mature, consensus-building conservative who earns praise from fellow Evangelicals and, occasionally, liberal Democrats."[39] Governing magazine likewise honored Huckabee as one of its 2005 Public Officials of the Year.[40] Additionally, he was among those legislators given the APHA Distinguished Public Health Legislator of the Year Award by the American Public Health Association[41] for that same year.

In 2006, he was presented with AARP's Impact Award for his health initiatives.[42]

In December 2008, Huckabee became an honorary member of Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity. He said that did not have time to join a fraternity in college because he had to "cram four years into a little more than two". The fraternity's CEO said they were "very impressed with his character and the initiatives he headed" as governor.[43]

By the end of his term, Huckabee held the 3rd-longest tenure of any Arkansas governor. Only Democrats Orval Faubus, who served 6 consecutive 2-year terms (1955–1967), and Bill Clinton, who served 11 years, 11 months (1979–1981; 1983–1992), had longer tenures.

During his tenure as governor, Huckabee supported tax reforms including tax cuts and increases, that netted $505 million for the state.[44] According to columnist Margaret Carlson, that money was used to improve roads, health care and schools in the state.[45]

Clemencies

As governor, Huckabee commuted and accepted recommendations for pardon for twice as many sentences as his 3 predecessors combined; in total: 1,033 prisoners.[46] Twelve had previously been convicted of murder.[47] Though Huckabee pardoned more than his predecessors, the state prison size and number of people executed were greater as well,[48] Huckabee denied 92% of all clemency requests during his 10.5 years as governor.[49] Most pardons and commutations were not for prisoners but for those whose sentences had ended and who were seeking work.[50] Huckabee's pardons and commutations became an issue during the 2008 Republican Primary, with most of the controversy focusing on Wayne Dumond.[51]

Huckabee's handling of clemency petitions received national attention in November 2009 with the case of Maurice Clemmons, who had committed burglary without a weapon at 16. The Prison Transfer Board unanimously requested a sentence commutation for Clemmons as did the trial judge.[49] Clemmons's 60-year sentence was commuted by Huckabee to 47 years, making him eligible for parole if approved by the parole board. After parole in 2000, Clemmons was arrested for multiple offenses including child molestation and aggravated assault but was released after prosecutors declined to file charges. After Clemmons murdered four police officers in Lakewood, Washington, a two-day manhunt ensued, and Clemmons was shot and killed by a Seattle Police Department officer after refusing police orders to stop charging the officer.[52] In his book about the shooting, The Other Side of Mercy, Jonathan Martin of The Seattle Times wrote that Huckabee apparently failed to review Clemmons's prison file, which was "thick with acts of violence and absent indications of rehabilitation".[53] Huckabee defended his actions, stating that the recommendation to reduce the sentence was unanimous and supported by the trial judge, that the decision to parole him was made by the parole board, not him, and that Clemmons had been re-arrested and the decision not to file charges then had nothing to do with him.[54][55]

2008 presidential election campaign

Huckabee announced his run for the White House on Meet the Press on January 28, 2007.[56]

At the August 11 Iowa Straw Poll, Huckabee took second place with 2,587 votes, roughly 18 percent, splitting the conservative Republican party votes amongst other candidates.[57] Huckabee spent $57.98 per vote in the Straw Poll, which is the lowest among the top three finishers.[58] Huckabee drew attention with an unconventional ad featuring Chuck Norris.[59] In a later ad Huckabee wished voters a merry Christmas, and said that "what really matters is the celebration of the birth of Christ."[60]

In November 2007, Huckabee drew endorsements from a large number of religious activists, including Billy McCormack, a pastor in Shreveport, Louisiana, and a director and vice president of the Christian Coalition of America, founded in 1988 by a previous presidential candidate, Pat Robertson.[61] He was criticized for using a bookshelf that resembled a cross in a Christmas commercial as a form of signaling to Christians, and laughed them off saying "I will confess this: If you play the spot backwards, it says, 'Paul is dead. Paul is dead.'"[62][63] He also faced a "drumbeat" of questions about the role of faith in his gubernatorial administration and about past statements he made in 1998 about the U.S. being a "Christian nation" in which he said, "I hope we answer the alarm clock and take this nation back for Christ." Huckabee told NBC that his comment was not politically incorrect and was "appropriate to be said to a gathering of Southern Baptists".[64] Huckabee has credited God with some of his political success.[65]

On January 3, 2008, Huckabee won the Iowa Republican caucuses, receiving 34% of the electorate and 17 delegates, compared with the 25% of Mitt Romney, who finished second, receiving 12 delegates; Fred Thompson, who came in third place and received three delegates; John McCain, who came in fourth place and received three delegates; and Ron Paul, who came in fifth place and received two delegates.

Huckabee with actor Chuck Norris in Londonderry, New Hampshire (2008)

On January 8, 2008, Huckabee finished in third place in the New Hampshire primary, behind John McCain in first place, and Mitt Romney who finished second, with Huckabee receiving one more delegate for a total of 18 delegates, gained via elections, and 21 total delegates, versus 30 total (24 via elections) for Romney, and 10 for McCain (all via elections).

On January 15, 2008, Huckabee finished in third place in the 2008 Michigan Republican primary, behind John McCain in second place; Mitt Romney, who finished first; and ahead of Ron Paul, who finished in fourth place.[66]

Huckabee giving a speech following the South Carolina 2008 presidential primary in Columbia, SC

On January 19, 2008, Huckabee finished in second place in the 2008 South Carolina Republican primary, behind John McCain, who finished first and ahead of Fred Thompson, who finished third.[67]

On January 29, 2008, Huckabee finished in fourth place in the Florida primary, behind Rudy Giuliani in third, Mitt Romney in second, and John McCain in first place.

On January 21, 2008, Huckabee received the endorsement of 50 African American leaders in Atlanta, Georgia. The endorsers cited Huckabee's record on abortion, education, minorities, the economy, the prison system, and immigration as Arkansas governor.[68] However, NBC reported that the endorsement of African American leaders at the Atlanta event was 36, and "most of them connected to conservative religious organizations".[69]

On February 5, 2008, Huckabee won the first contest of "Super Tuesday", the West Virginia GOP state convention, but only after the McCain campaign provided their delegates, thereby giving Huckabee 52% of the electorate to Mitt Romney's 47%.[70] Backers of rival John McCain said they threw Huckabee their support to prevent Mitt Romney from capturing the winner-take-all GOP state convention vote.[71] Consequently, he also registered victories in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia and Tennessee on Super Tuesday, bringing his delegate count up to 156, compared with 689 for Republican party front-runner John McCain.[72]

Huckabee with a supporter at a campaign rally in Wisconsin

On February 9, 2008, Huckabee won the first election following Super Tuesday, by winning 60% of the vote in the Kansas Republican Caucuses.[73] This was also the first contest to be held without Mitt Romney, who was said to be splitting the conservative vote with Huckabee.[74] Huckabee also won the Louisiana Republican Primary with 44% of the vote to John McCain's 43% in second. Although Huckabee won the primary he was not awarded any delegates, because of state party rules that stated a candidate must pass the 50% threshold to receive the state's pledged delegates.[75]

On March 4, 2008, Huckabee withdrew from seeking the candidacy as it became apparent he would lose in Texas, where he had hoped to win, and that John McCain would get the 1,191 delegates required to win the Republican nomination. Huckabee finished the race with 240 pledged delegates.[76]

Vice presidential candidate speculation

Even though Huckabee had signed a television contract and a book deal with a pressing deadline, he was mentioned by most to be on then-presumptive Republican presidential nominee John McCain's short list for his vice presidential running mate. The late pundit Tim Russert even referred to Huckabee as "Vice President Huckabee" several times when he appeared on Meet The Press on May 18, 2008.[77] Huckabee was eventually passed over for Sarah Palin.[78]

Former president Bill Clinton has praised Huckabee and stated that he is a rising star in the Republican Party. Clinton and Huckabee have collaborated on initiatives such as the fight against childhood obesity.[79] Former Tennessee Republican Party chairman and Huckabee's former campaign manager Chip Saltsman has called Governor Huckabee, "The most successful failed presidential candidate in the history of our country".[80]

Speculated 2012 presidential campaign

Former Governor Huckabee speaking at the 2011 Republican Leadership Conference in New Orleans, Louisiana

In a November 19, 2008, article by the Associated Press, Huckabee addressed the possibility of running for president in 2012. He said, "I'm not ruling anything out for the future, but I'm not making any specific plans."[81]

Amid speculation about a future run for the presidency, a CNN poll in December 2008 found Huckabee at the top of the list of 2012 GOP contenders, along with former Alaskan governor Sarah Palin, fellow 2008 presidential candidate Mitt Romney, and former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich.[82]

On December 3, 2008, Cincinnati-based NBC affiliate WLWT asked Huckabee about the prospect of running, to which he said, "I'm pretty sure I'll be out there. Whether it's for myself or somebody else I may decide will be a better standard bearer, that remains to be seen."[83]

A June 2009 CNN/Opinion Research Corporation national poll showed Huckabee as the 2012 presidential co-favorite of the Republican electorate along with Palin and Romney.[84] An October 2009 poll of Republicans by Rasmussen Reports put Huckabee in the lead with 29%, followed by Romney on 24% and Palin on 18%.[85] In a November 2009 Gallup poll, Huckabee was shown as the leading Republican contender for 2012.[86] In November 2010 CNN projected in a poll that Huckabee would defeat Barack Obama in a hypothetical 2012 contest.[87] In a Rasmussen poll taken January 11–14, 2011, Huckabee was even with Obama at 43% each.[88]

Huckabee took stances opposed to the nature of the incumbent president, Barack Obama. In comments made March 1, 2011, on The Steve Malzberg Show, Huckabee said of Obama, "I would love to know more. What I know is troubling enough. And one thing that I do know is his having grown up in Kenya, his view of the Brits, for example, is very different than the average American."[89] (This is a reference to the Mau Mau Uprising against the colonial rule of the United Kingdom in 1952; Obama himself has never lived in Kenya.)[90]

On May 14, 2011, Huckabee announced on his FNC show that he would not be a candidate for the GOP presidential nomination in 2012. Despite his high national poll numbers and being seen by many as the front runner, Huckabee declined to run, saying, "All the factors say 'go,' but my heart says 'no.'"[91]

2016 presidential campaign

Huckabee speaking at 2014 Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in Maryland

Political commentators speculated that Huckabee might be ready for another presidential run in 2016. He was limited by a lack of money in 2008 but with changes to federal election law allowing SuperPACs to pour large sums of money into a race he might be better positioned to stay in the race.[92] Huckabee has in addition earned personal wealth since 2008 on the lecture circuit and his TV and radio shows. He ended his daily radio show in December 2013, which strengthened speculations about a presidential bid.[93][94]

Huckabee indicated in September 2014 that he would make the decision on whether to run early in 2015.[95] In January 2015, Huckabee ended his show on FNC to prepare for his possible run in the 2016 presidential election.[96] On March 30, 2015, Huckabee supporters launched a Super PAC to make preparations for his run for the presidential ticket in 2016.[97]

On May 5, 2015, in his hometown of Hope, Arkansas, Huckabee announced a campaign to seek the Republican nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 election.[98] In his speech, Huckabee attacked trade deals that he said drive down U.S. wages, opposed raising the age for Social Security benefits, criticized President Obama for what he said was putting more pressure on Israel than Iran, and made an unusual plea for donations of $15 or $25 a month, saying: "I will ask you to give something in the name of your children and grandchildren."[98]

On February 1, 2016, after a disappointing showing in the Iowa caucus Huckabee decided that he was going to suspend his campaign.[99]

2018 Florida gubernatorial election

Reports emerged in the summer of 2016 that Huckabee, who currently lives in Florida, was considering running for governor of Florida in 2018 to succeed term limited Republican incumbent Rick Scott. However, Huckabee later announced that he was declining to run in the 2018 Florida Gubernatorial election. Had he run and won, he would have become the first person to serve as governor of two separate states since Sam Houston, who served as governor of Tennessee and later as governor of Texas.[100] Before his announcement not to run, an August 2016 poll of Florida Republicans conducted by StPetePolls.org showed Huckabee leading a field of potential Republican gubernatorial candidates with 37%.[101]

First Trump administration

Following the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Huckabee met with president-elect of the United States Donald Trump, whom he had supported for the Republican nomination after ending his own campaign in February. It was reported by The Daily Mail and The Jerusalem Post that Trump offered Huckabee the position of United States Ambassador to Israel.[102] Huckabee denied the reports.[103] He told Fox News that a possible cabinet appointment for himself was discussed but that he turned the offer down, saying, "I'm not sure it was the right fit."[104]

His daughter Sarah Huckabee Sanders served as White House press secretary to President Donald Trump from July 2017 until July 2019.[105]

In January 2018, Huckabee praised Doha, Qatar as being "surprisingly beautiful, modern, and hospitable" after a trip there, but did not reveal that a foreign agent for Qatar had paid $50,000 to a corporation run by Huckabee as a "honorarium for visit".[106]

Following Trump's defeat by Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election, Huckabee supported Trump's legal challenges in closely contested states, stating, "I think he owes it to all of us to make sure the election was fair. I am not saying it wasn't, I don't know. But we need to know, we have to have an answer to the questions that linger."[107] On November 15, in a letter addressed to Joe Biden first posted on his website, Huckabee made unsubstantiated claims of election fraud in the 2020 election.[108]

Second Trump administration

November 12 2024, president-elect Donald Trump nominates Huckabee as the next U.S. ambassador to Israel.[109]

Media career

On June 12, 2008, Fox News announced it was hiring Huckabee as a political commentator and regular contributor to their 2008 American presidential election coverage, in their New York election headquarters.[110]

Huckabee filled in for Paul Harvey in July 2008.[111] A few months later, he signed a deal with ABC Radio Networks (now Cumulus Media Networks) to carry a daily commentary, The Huckabee Report, beginning in January 2009.[112] After Harvey's death his show replaced Harvey's broadcasts.[113] On April 15, 2015, Huckabee announced that The Huckabee Report would be ending May 1.[114]

Huckabee hosted a weekend show, Huckabee, on Fox News Channel, which premiered Saturday, September 27, 2008, at 8 PM EST.[115] For six weeks in summer 2010, Fox test-ran The Huckabee Show for the syndicated market; Huckabee was joined by guest co-hosts in the daily spin-off, among them Bob Barker of The Price Is Right fame.[116] Huckabee ended on January 3, 2015, so that Huckabee could consider the possibility of running for president.[96]

On April 2, 2012, Huckabee launched a long-form daily talk show on Cumulus Media Networks, who provide the call-in guests. The show, which is targeted at second-tier broadcast stations, features long-form interviews and discussions and airs in the noon to 3 p.m. time slot, directly opposite the market leader in talk radio, The Rush Limbaugh Show.[2] On November 27, 2013, Huckabee announced that the show will have its final broadcast on December 12, 2013, stating that he and Cumulus Media mutually decided not to renew the contract.[117]

In a December 2013 interview, Huckabee stated that he would be launching a news organization in partnership with Christian Media Corp. International.[118]

In October 2017, the Huckabee show was relaunched, now produced by and aired on the Trinity Broadcasting Network.[119]

Political positions

Abortion

Huckabee opposes any public funding for abortion, and believes that abortion should be legal only when the life of the mother is at risk.[120] He believes that it would "most certainly" be a good day for America if Roe v. Wade were reversed.[121]

Health care

Huckabee opposed President Obama's health care plan, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. He stated that he wants to "give citizens more control over their own health care choices".[122]

Free trade

In his book From Hope to Higher Ground, Huckabee expressed support for free trade, but only if it is "fair trade." He identified excess litigation, excess taxation, and excess regulation as three factors contributing to the loss of American jobs, and has proposed economic sanctions on China.[123]

Race relations

According to a CNN exit poll, Huckabee won 48% of African-American votes in his successful 1998 gubernatorial race in Arkansas.[124] The 48% figure is often disputed due to the exit poll's small sample size.[125] Huckabee says that it is important for Republicans such as himself to reach out to black voters, and in 2015, he ramped up efforts to win those votes.[126]

In 2015, on an episode of Meet the Press, Huckabee stated that the confederate flag issue was for South Carolinians to decide, "not an issue for a person running for president", and days later, he congratulated Governor Nikki Haley on her decision to support the removal of the flag from the state capitol.[126] Huckabee gave a speech at the 2008 Republican National Convention that included this: "I say with sincerity that I have great respect for Senator Obama's historic achievement to become his party's nominee—not because of his color, but with indifference to it. Party or politics aside, we celebrate this milestone because it elevates our country."[127]

LGBT rights

Huckabee believes that marriage is between one man and one woman, and he opposes both same-sex marriage and civil unions. In 2006, he outlawed same-sex marriage in Arkansas; however, in 2007, he stated that Americans should "respect" gay couples. He says that adoptions should be child focused and opposes "gay adoptions".[128] Huckabee, expounding upon his view on homosexuality, said the following:

This [gay marriage] is not just a political issue. It is a biblical issue. And as a biblical issue—unless I get a new version of the scriptures, it's really not my place to say, OK, I'm just going to evolve[.] ... It's like asking someone who's Jewish to start serving bacon-wrapped shrimp in their deli. We don't want to do that—I mean, we're not going to do that. Or like asking a Muslim to serve up something that is offensive to him, or to have dogs in his backyard[.] ... We're so sensitive to make sure we don't offend certain religions, but then we act like Christians can't have the convictions that they've had for 2,000 years.

In January 2015, he compared homosexuality to "drinking and swearing", insofar as it is "part of a lifestyle". Huckabee has stated he has gay friends, saying, "People can be my friends who have lifestyles that are not necessarily my lifestyle. I don't shut people out of my circle or out of my life because they have a different point of view[.]"[129]

Conceiving children outside marriage

In comments which he made on March 4, 2011, on the Michael Medved Show, Huckabee spoke about pregnant, unwed actress Natalie Portman, saying "it's unfortunate we glorify and glamorize the idea of out-of-wedlock children."[130]

In January 2014, in a luncheon speech at the Republican National Committee's winter meeting, in response to a federal mandate on contraception, Huckabee stated that "Democrats want to insult the women of America by making them believe that they are helpless without Uncle Sugar coming in and providing for them a prescription each month for birth control, they cannot control their libido or their reproductive system without the help of the government."[131]

Role of religion in public life

Huckabee has voiced his belief in intelligent design and he has also stated that he does not believe that Darwin's theory of evolution is valid. In July 2004, he was quoted on Arkansans Ask, his regular show on the Arkansas Educational Television Network: "I think that students also should be given exposure to the theories not only of evolution but to the basis of those who believe in creationism."[132]

In April 2011, Huckabee said, "I almost wish that there would be a simultaneous telecast and all Americans would be forced, at gunpoint, to listen to every David Barton message," in praise of the Christian revisionist author David Barton.[133]

Within hours of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Huckabee made headlines in the U.S. and abroad for stating on Fox News: "We ask why there is violence in our schools, but we have systematically removed God from our schools," and he further asked, "Should we be so surprised that schools would become a place of carnage?"[134]

In September 2014, Huckabee said, "Fire the ones who refuse to hear not only our hearts, but God's heart" (for which he was criticized by Richard Dawkins).[135]

In September 2015, speaking about his support of religious freedom on behalf of Kentucky county clerk Kim Davis to radio host Michael Medved, Huckabee said, "Michael, the Dred Scott decision of 1857 still remains to this day the law of the land which says that black people aren't fully human. Does anybody still follow the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision?"[136][137] (The decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford had been superseded by the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and nullified by the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.)

In June 2016, Huckabee, along with actor Pat Boone and executive producer Troy Duhon, all of whom were involved in the film God's Not Dead 2, sent a letter to California governor Jerry Brown opposing Senate Bill 1146, which "prohibits a person from being subjected to discrimination" at California colleges. Other than religious schools—those that train pastors and theology teachers—schools "might no longer be allowed to hire Christian-only staff, teach religious ideas in regular classes, require attendance at chapel services or keep bathrooms and dormitories restricted to either males or females."[138]

Climate change

In 2023, Huckabee published Kids Guide to the Truth About Climate Change, which minimized the influence of human emissions on global warming.[139] Marketed as an alternative to mainstream education, the publication does not attribute authorship or cite scientific credentials.[139] The deputy director of the National Center for Science Education called the publication "propaganda" and "very unreliable as a guide to climate change for kids", noting that it represented "present day" atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide as 280 parts per million (ppm), which was true in 391 BC but short of 2023's actual concentration of 420 ppm.[140]

Military

In 2007, Huckabee argued for a larger military and an increase in defense spending, writing, "Right now, we spend about 3.9 percent of our GDP on defense, compared with about six percent in 1986, under President Ronald Reagan. We need to return to that six percent level."[141]

Immigration

During his bid for president, Huckabee released a nine-point immigration enforcement and border security plan. His plan included building a border fence, increased border patrol personnel, and increased visas for skilled workers who enter the country legally. He has previously stated he is opposed to using military resources for border patrol.[142] Huckabee's plan also required all 11–12 million[143] undocumented immigrants to register with the federal government and return to their home countries within 120 days. Failure to do so would carry a ten-year ban from entering the US.[144]

Gun control

Huckabee has voiced his support for self-defense and the Castle Doctrine, and has generally taken an anti-gun control stance. He believes that the concealed carrying of weapons should be allowed.[128]

Fiscal policy

As governor of Arkansas, Huckabee received grades of B in 1998,[145][146] C in 2000,[147][148] C in 2002,[149][150] D in 2004,[151][152] and F in 2006[153][154] from the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, in their biennial Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors.

Israel & Palestine

Huckabee is a strong supporter of Israel, opposing Palestinian statehood. In 2017, at an event in the West Bank, he stated: "There is no such thing as a West Bank - it's Judea and Samaria. There's no such thing as a settlement. They're communities. They're neighborhoods. They're cities. There's no such thing as an occupation."[155][156]

Public image

Huckabee has both detractors and defenders, even among Republicans. Personality descriptions range from friendly, charming and warm, to petty and aloof.[157][158][159][160][161] He has received support from African-American leaders, praise from a liberal New York Times columnist, and criticism from gay rights groups and pundits. Huckabee has made controversial public statements that have brought criticism. He apologized for at least three statements and has admitted that his love for metaphors and tendency to use hyperbole to make a point has backfired on him.[162]

Personal life

Music

Huckabee plays bass guitar with recording artist Ayla Brown in 2015.

Huckabee plays the electric bass guitar in his classic-rock cover band, Capitol Offense.[163] The group has played for political events and parties, including entertaining at unofficial inaugural balls in Washington, D.C., in January 2001.[164]

In 2007, Huckabee was given the Music for Life Award by the National Association of Music Merchants (NAMM) for his music education advocacy.[165]

Organizations

Huckabee was made the chair of the Southern Governors' Association in 1999 and served in capacity through 2000. He has chaired the Southern Growth Policies Board, the Southern Regional Education Board, the Southern Technology Council, the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission, and the Education Commission of the States. He is also a member of the Republican Governors Association and former chairman of the National Governors Association. Huckabee is chairman of the conservative political action committees Vertical Politics Institute and Huck PAC.

In 2006, Huckabee was initiated as an honorary member of Tau Kappa Epsilon (TKE) Fraternity, motivated in part by his son David being an involved TKE member at Arkansas State University.[166]

In July 2010, Huckabee became a fundraiser on behalf of for-profit Victory University in Memphis, Tennessee, and was designated Chancellor of the Victory University Foundation.[167]

Huckabee was appointed to the Board of Trustees of the Kennedy Center by President Donald Trump in March 2019. His term on the board expired in September 2024.[168]

External videos
video icon Oral History, Gov. Mike Huckabee talks about the sacrifice his parents made in giving him one of the greatest gifts he ever received, his first electric guitar. Interview date January 24, 2014, NAMM (National Association of Music Merchants) Oral History Library

Weight loss and advocacy of good health

When he was elected governor of Arkansas, Huckabee was obese. In 2003, physicians diagnosed him with type 2 diabetes, and they also informed him that he would not live more than 10 years if he did not lose weight. Huckabee acknowledges that he has weighed as much as 300 pounds (140 kg). Coupled with the death of former Governor Frank D. White (whose obesity contributed to a fatal heart attack) his diagnosis prompted Huckabee to begin eating healthier and exercising. He subsequently lost over 110 pounds (50 kg).[169][170] The New York Times called the weight loss so rapid that "it was as if he simply unzipped a fat suit and stepped out."[171]

Although Huckabee has stated that he never smoked and he never drank alcohol,[15] he declared himself a "recovering foodaholic". Huckabee has publicly recounted his previous burdens as an obese man: the steps of the Arkansas capitol from the entrance of the building up to the Governor's office were so long and steep that he would be out of breath and exhausted by the time he reached the top of the stairs.[172] Huckabee has discussed his weight loss and used health care reform as a major focus of his governorship.[173]

At an August 2007 forum on cancer which was hosted by Lance Armstrong, Huckabee said that he would support the imposition of a federal smoking ban, but since then, he has stated that he believes that the issue is best addressed by state and local governments.[174]

Huckabee has completed several marathons: the 2005 Marine Corps Marathon, the 2005 and 2006 Little Rock Marathon, and the 2006 New York City Marathon.[175] The 2005 Little Rock Marathon featured an impromptu challenge between Huckabee and Iowa Governor Tom Vilsack. Huckabee completed the marathon in 4:38:31, defeating Vilsack by 50 minutes. He wrote a book chronicling his weight-loss experience, Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork. Huckabee was one of 10 recipients of a 2006 AARP Impact Award acknowledging his work as a "health crusader".

In 2009, Huckabee acknowledged that he had gained back a quarter of his weight due to a foot condition that prevented him from running.[176]

Bibliography

At a book signing in 2011

Huckabee has written or co-authored several books including Do The Right Thing: Inside the Movement That's Bringing Common Sense Back to America (released on November 18, 2008) which became a New York Times Best Seller,[177] Quit Digging Your Grave with a Knife and Fork and God, Guns, Grits, and Gravy.

See also

References

  1. ^ Mooney, Alexander (February 26, 2009). "Jindal earns bad reviews in national debut". CNN. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
    Sadler, Aaron (November 3, 2005). "Huckabee remains the highest-rated political figure in the state". Arkansas News Bureau. Archived from the original on October 14, 2007. Retrieved October 26, 2007.
  2. ^ a b Stelter, Brian (February 9, 2012). "New Huckabee Radio Show Could Vie With Limbaugh". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  3. ^ Miller, Joe (February 4, 2008). "Ask FactCheck: Huckabee an Evangelical?". FactCheck.org. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  4. ^ "Mike Huckabee Fast Facts". CNN. August 14, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  5. ^ Schonfeld, Zach (November 8, 2022). "Sarah Sanders wins Arkansas governor's mansion". The Hill. Nexstar Media Group. Retrieved November 8, 2022.
  6. ^ "Trump picks former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee to be ambassador to Israel". Associated Press. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  7. ^ Valencia, Jamel (November 12, 2024). "Mike Huckabee to aim for Middle East peace as new U.S. Ambassador to Israel". KFOX. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Barone, Michael; Ujifusa, Grant (1999). The Almanac of American Politics. Washington, D.C. pp. 136–7. ISBN 0-8129-3194-7. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. ^ "Mike Huckabee: 13 Things You Didn't Know About Him". The Fiscal Times.
  10. ^ Reitwiesner, Williams A. (August 14, 2014). "The Ancestors of Mike Huckabee". William Addams Reitwiesner Genealogical Services. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  11. ^ "Online NewsHour: Reporters' Blog | In Close Contest, Huckabee Hits States Rights, Populist Themes | January 19, 2008". PBS. January 19, 2008. Archived from the original on October 29, 2010. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  12. ^ Wiener, Jared (October 18, 2007). "Get to Know Mike Huckabee;Former Arkansas Governor Hopes to Go From the Pulpit to the Oval Office". ABC News. Retrieved November 17, 2007.
  13. ^ Huckabee, Mike (1997). Character Is The Issue. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers. p. 72. ISBN 9780805463675.
  14. ^ a b c d e Parks, Scott (February 9, 1997). "Huckabee's not preaching to choir; Arkansas governor leads largely Democratic state". The Dallas Morning News.
  15. ^ a b c "Q&A by Brian Lamb interview with Mike Huckabee". C-SPAN. February 13, 2005. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  16. ^ "Biography". Team Huckabee. Huckabee For President Inc. Archived from the original on June 7, 2010. Retrieved December 17, 2007.
  17. ^ "Ouachita Baptist University General Catalog 1977–1978" (1977)". Obu Catalogs. January 1977.
  18. ^ Chafets, Zev (December 12, 2007). "The Huckabee Factor". The New York Times.
  19. ^ "Official biography". Retrieved October 26, 2007.
  20. ^ Appelbaum, Lauren (December 14, 2007). "Huck on "Theology" Degree". NBC News.
  21. ^ a b Bailey, Holly; Isikoff, Michael (December 8, 2007). "A Pastor's True Calling: Huckabee's success is due, in part, to right-time, right-place luck. But he says it comes from above". Newsweek. Retrieved December 14, 2007.
  22. ^ Huckabee, From Hope to Higher Ground, p. 7
  23. ^ Robert Marus for the Associated Baptist Press. January 21, 2008 Huckabee's role in SBC conflict presaged political balancing act Archived August 24, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ Talkers Magazine. "defender of the month 1998". CCRKBA. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
    "Mike Huckabee". The New York Times. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  25. ^ Bennet, James; Cushman, John H. Jr.; Dao, James; DeParle, Jason; Krauss, Clifford; Labaton, Stephen; Lewis, Neil A.; Margolick, David; Newman, Maria; Tolchin, Martin (November 5, 1992). "The 1992 Elections: State by State; South". The New York Times. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  26. ^ "GOP wins one in Arkansas – Republican Party; Mike Huckabee | Campaigns & Elections | Find Articles at BNET.com". FindArticles. Archived from the original on January 7, 2008. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
  27. ^ Huckabee, From Hope to Higher Ground, pp. 6–7
  28. ^ a b c d Nelson, Rex (July 2, 1995). "Clinton's Hired Gun Gives Huckabee Hand: Lieutenant Governor Shooting for Senate". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.
  29. ^ Duhart, Bill (April 12, 1994). "Huckabee Won't Appear With Racist". Philadelphia Tribune. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015.
  30. ^ "1994 AR Lt. Governor Election Results". OurCampaigns.com.
  31. ^ a b Sack, Kevin (May 31, 1996). "Arkansan Quits Senate Race to Lead State". The New York Times.
  32. ^ O'Neal, Rachel; Caldwell, Elizabeth (December 14, 1995). "Observers Say Arkansans: Arkansas voters didn't like the idea of allowing 26 appointed legislators to serve as delegates to a proposed constitutional convention". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.
  33. ^ a b O'Neal, Rachel (January 11, 1996). "Road Vote". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.
  34. ^ a b Huckabee, Mike (1997). Character Is The Issue. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers. pp. 65–67. ISBN 9780805463675.
  35. ^ Barone, Michael; Ujifusa, Grant (1999). The Almanac of American Politics. Washington, D.C. p. 44. ISBN 0-8129-3194-7. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  36. ^ Faughnahan, Brian (January 15, 2008). "Could Mike Huckabee be America's Second Black President?". The Weekly Standard. Archived from the original on January 20, 2008. Retrieved January 7, 2015.
  37. ^ "Ahead of debate, Huckabee's claim of black support questioned". Arkansas News. September 26, 2007. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015.
  38. ^ Rubin, Jennifer (February 12, 2007). "Taxing Claims: Is Mike Huckabee an "authentic conservative"?". National Review. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  39. ^ "America's 5 Best Governors". Time. November 13, 2005. Archived from the original on November 24, 2005.
  40. ^ Greenblatt, Alan (April 15, 2010). "Public Officials of the Year: Mike Huckabee". Governing. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  41. ^ "Previous APHA Distinguished Legislator of the Year Award Winners". American Public Health Association. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  42. ^ "OASIS awards and achievements". OasisNet. Archived from the original on January 10, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
    "Inspire Awards 2006 Honorees: Governor Mike Huckabee, Health Crusader". AARP. August 20, 2009. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  43. ^ "Arkansas Gov. Huckabee Joins a Fraternity". Fox News. Associated Press. December 13, 2006. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  44. ^ Schroeder, Robert (May 5, 2015). "Huckabee in tax war as ex-governor launches White House bid". MarketWatch. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  45. ^ Carlson, Margaret. "Bush and Huckabee Get Ready for War", Bloomberg View (January 7, 2015): "He raised taxes to improve schools, roads and health care in Arkansas."
  46. ^ DeMillo, Andrew (December 10, 2007). "Huckabee Pardons Under Scrutiny". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
  47. ^ Tapper, Jake (December 11, 2007). "Huckabee's Plethora of Pardons, Former Arkansas Governor Faces Scrutiny for Having a Forgiving Spirit". ABC News. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
  48. ^ Associated Press (December 10, 2007). Mike Huckabee's Clemency Record Is Under Scrutiny. Fox News. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  49. ^ a b "Huckabee: 'I take full responsibility" for shooting suspect's clemency - CNN.com". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  50. ^ Adair, B. (December 28, 2007). Yes, Huckabee Pardoned Many. PolitiFact. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
    Tapper, J. (December 11, 2007). Huckabee's Plethora of Pardons. ABC News. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  51. ^ DeMillo, Andrew (December 10, 2007). "Huckabee Pardons Under Scrutiny". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
    Schone, Mark (November 30, 2009). "Huckabee Helped Set Rapist Free Who Later Killed Missouri Woman". ABC News. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  52. ^ Sullivan, Jennifer; Rahner, Mark; Broom, Jack (December 1, 2009). "Lakewood police shooting suspect killed by Seattle police officer in South Seattle early this morning". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on December 4, 2009. Retrieved December 1, 2009.
  53. ^ Martin, Jonathan (December 18, 2013). "Mike Huckabee's Maurice Clemmons problem". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  54. ^ Huckabee, M. (December 1, 2009). Washington State Tragedy. Archived November 24, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Human Events. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
    Smith, B. (October 18, 2010). Huckabee's Clemency. Politico. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
    Sterling, Amanda (December 1, 2009). "Huckabee Calls Criticisms Over Clemency "Disgusting" – Political Hotsheet". CBS News. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  55. ^ "Suspect let out of Pierce County jail one week ago". The Seattle Times. Seattle, Washington. November 29, 2009. Archived from the original on December 3, 2009. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  56. ^ "Huckabee, the Jared Candidate?". The Wall Street Journal. January 29, 2007. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
    "Former AR Governor Mike Huckabee to Explore Presidential Bid". George Washington University. January 28, 2007. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  57. ^ "What Iowa's Straw Poll Tells the GOP" Time Online, August 11, 2007
  58. ^ Lawrence, Jill (August 12, 2007). "Straw Poll: Huckabee Spent Just $58 Per Vote For 2nd Place and Revived Prospects". USA Today. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  59. ^ Mike Huckabee, Chuck Norris. HuckChuckFacts (television ad). Archived from the original on November 2, 2021. Patton, Christopher (November 28, 2007). "Candidate ads play nice". Politico. Retrieved December 21, 2007.
  60. ^ Mike Huckabee. What really Matters (television ad). Archived from the original on November 2, 2021.
  61. ^ "Prominent Pastors and Christian Leaders Who Have Endorsed Huckabee". pastors4huckabeeblog.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2012. Retrieved June 6, 2012.
  62. ^ Staff and Wire Reports for the Dallas News. December 20, 2007 Huckabee defends religious-themed Christmas ad
  63. ^ Politics, Now Wrapped in Holiday Cheer CBS News, December 21, 2007
  64. ^ Sidoti, Liz (December 31, 2007). "Huckabee Stands by 'Christ' Comment". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  65. ^ Matter of Faith: Vote God 2008 December 5, 2007
  66. ^ "CNN Politics Election Center 2008". Retrieved May 12, 2010.
    "Overall Michigan Results". Politico. Associated Press. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  67. ^ "Election Center 2008: Primary Results – Elections & Politics news from CNN.com". CNN.
  68. ^ Lin, Joy (January 21, 2008). "Huckabee Courts Black Vote". CBS News. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  69. ^ "Conservative black leaders endorse Huckabee". NBC News. January 21, 2008.
  70. ^ "Romney Loses West Virginia!". Politico. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  71. ^ "Huckabee wins 18 W.Va. GOP delegates with help from McCain". ABC News. Associated Press. February 5, 2008. Archived from the original on January 6, 2015. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  72. ^ "Election 2008: Results: Republican Delegate Count". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 16, 2008. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  73. ^ "Huckabee Wins Kansas". CNN. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  74. ^ Schneider, Bill (February 6, 2008). "Romney, Huckabee splitting conservative vote". CNN. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  75. ^ "Huckabee wins Louisiana". CNN. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  76. ^ "Results: Republican Delegate Count". The New York Times. December 6, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
  77. ^ "Russert: Vice President Huckabee". NBC News. May 18, 2008. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  78. ^ "VP Pick Palin Makes Appeal to Women Voters". NBC News. August 29, 2008. Retrieved January 18, 2015.
  79. ^ "Bill Clinton at Des Moines Starbucks – talks up Huckabee, downplays Hillary expectations – The Elephant". Communities.canada.com. Archived from the original on June 7, 2008. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
    "Bill Clinton and Mike Huckabee Announce Partnership to Fight Childhood Obesity – Clinton Foundation Photo Archives – William J. Clinton Foundation". Usliberals.about.com. October 20, 2005. Archived from the original on December 24, 2009. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  80. ^ Allocca, Kevin (December 21, 2009). "The most successful failed presidential candidate in the history of our country". Mediabistro. Archived from the original on February 11, 2010. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  81. ^ Ohlemacher, Stephen (November 19, 2008). "Huckabee won't rule out 2012 run for President". Associated Press.
  82. ^ Steinhauser, Paul (December 5, 2008). "Huckabee and Palin top early 2012 list". CNN. Archived from the original on December 7, 2008. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
  83. ^ "2012 Speculation Swirls As Huckabee Visits Tri-State". WLWT. Archived from the original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved April 2, 2009.
  84. ^ "CNN Poll: No frontrunner in GOP 2012 presidential race". CNN. June 2, 2009. Archived from the original on June 5, 2009.
  85. ^ "GOP 2012: Huckabee 29% Romney 24% Palin 18%". Rasmussen Reports. October 16, 2009. Retrieved October 17, 2009.
  86. ^ "Huckabee, Romney, Palin See Most Republican Support for '12". Gallup. November 5, 2009. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  87. ^ "Huckabee would defeat Obama in a hypothetical 2012 contest". CNN. November 7, 2010. Retrieved November 10, 2010.
  88. ^ "Romney, Huckabee Even With Obama, Other GOP Hopefuls Trail". Rasmussen Reports. February 6, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  89. ^ Kolawole, Emi (March 1, 2011). "Huckabee claims inaccurately that Obama was raised in Kenya". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 27, 2012.
    Mooney, Alexander (March 1, 2011). "Oops! Huckabee says Obama grew up in Kenya". Political Ticker. CNN.
  90. ^ Murphy, Tim (May 10, 2011). "Huckabee Adviser: Obama is a Soviet Spy". Mother Jones.
  91. ^ Cillizza, Chris (May 14, 2011). "Mike Huckabee won't run for president in 2012". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 15, 2011.
  92. ^ Grier, Peter (January 13, 2013). "Mike Huckabee 2016: New wildcard in the GOP race?". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  93. ^ Tumulty, Karen (December 13, 2014). "Mike Huckabee sounds a lot like he's running for president in 2016". The Washington Post.
  94. ^ "In Iowa, Mike Huckabee Is Making Moves | RealClearPolitics". realclearpolitics.com. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  95. ^ Alexandra Jaffe (September 15, 2014) Huckabee inching closer to 2016 run The Hill.
  96. ^ a b Stelter, Brian (January 3, 2015). "Huckabee ends Fox News show to mull 2016". CNN. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  97. ^ "Iowa Operative Will Run Mike Huckabee Super PAC". April 2, 2015.
  98. ^ a b Gabriel, Trip. "Mike Huckabee Joins Republican Presidential Race", The New York Times (May 5, 2015).
  99. ^ Rafferty, Andrew (February 1, 2016). "Mike Huckabee Suspends Presidential Campaign". NBC News. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  100. ^ Schorsch, Peter (July 28, 2016). "Mike Huckabee for Florida Governor?". Florida Politics. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  101. ^ "Florida Statewide Republican Primary Election survey conducted for StPetePolls.org" (PDF). StPetePolls.org. August 2, 2016. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  102. ^ Ravid, Barak (November 18, 2016). "Report: Trump Taps Mike Huckabee as Ambassador to Israel". Haaretz. Archived from the original on November 18, 2016.
  103. ^ Hensch, Mark (November 18, 2016). "Huckabee denies reports he was tapped as ambassador to Israel".
  104. ^ "Huckabee says cabinet position discussed with Trump not 'the right fit'". Politico. November 18, 2016.
  105. ^ "Sarah Huckabee Sanders will replace Sean Spicer as White House press secretary". Business Insider. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
  106. ^ Friedman, Dan. "Mike Huckabee Praised Qatar Without Revealing He Was Paid $50,000 by Qatar". Mother Jones. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  107. ^ Nelson, Joshua (November 9, 2020). "Mike Huckabee: Trump team must be allowed to examine voting machines, ballots". Fox News. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  108. ^ "Did Mike Huckabee Write a 'Letter to Biden' About 'Voter Fraud'?". Snopes. November 16, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
  109. ^ "Trump chooses Mike Huckabee, staunchly pro-Israel conservative, as ambassador to nation". CBC. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  110. ^ Silva, Mark (June 12, 2008). "Mike Huckabee: FOX 'contributor'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on June 15, 2008. Retrieved June 13, 2010.
  111. ^ Vogel, Kenneth. Huckabee in talks for own Fox show. The Politico. July 14, 2008.
  112. ^ The Huckabee Report. ABC Radio information page. December 2008.
  113. ^ Hinckley, David (March 22, 2009). "On the radio: How ABC will replace 'Rest' of Paul Harvey spots". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on December 3, 2010. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
  114. ^ Wire, Sarah D. (April 16, 2015). "Huckabee giving up his radio broadcast". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
  115. ^ "Mike Huckabee Fast Facts". CNN. August 14, 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  116. ^ Weprin, Alex (July 26, 2010). "Mike Huckabee Talks Syndicated Show as Bob Barker 'Comes On Down'". Mediabistro.com. Archived from the original on July 30, 2010. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
  117. ^ Weinger, Mackenzie. "Mike Huckabee radio show ending". Politico. Retrieved November 27, 2013.
  118. ^ Kopan, Tal. "Huck Post joins with Christian Media". Politico. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
  119. ^ Graham, Ruth. "Church of The Donald". POLITICO Magazine. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  120. ^ "Vote Smart | Facts For All". Vote Smart. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  121. ^ Bench Memos: The Republican Debate Archived January 11, 2008, at the Wayback Machine NationalReview.com
  122. ^ Mike Huckabee for President – Health Care MikeHuckabee.com
  123. ^ "Mike Huckabee on Free Trade". On the Issues. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  124. ^ "Arkansas Governor: 844 respondents", CNN (November 4, 1998).
  125. ^ "Can the GOP attract black voters?", Vox (August 1, 2016).
  126. ^ a b Killough, Ashley. "Mike Huckabee ramps up push for African-American voters", CNN (July 16, 2015).
  127. ^ "Huckabee assails media coverage of GOP", NBC News (September 4, 2008).
  128. ^ a b "Mike Huckabee on the Issues". On the Issues. Retrieved July 29, 2007.
  129. ^ Bradner, Eric (February 1, 2015). "Huckabee compares gay marriage to drinking, swearing – CNNPolitics.com". CNN.
  130. ^ Hoffer, Steven (March 4, 2011). "Mike Huckabee Disses Natalie Portman; Over Out of Wedlock Pregnancy Why Not Bristol Palin?". AOL News.
  131. ^ Lapidos, Juliet (January 24, 2014). "Mike Huckabee's War for Women". The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
    Jacobs, Ben (January 23, 2014). "Huckabee: Dems Tell Women They Can't Control Libido Without Government". The Daily Beast. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
    Benen, Steve (January 24, 2014). "Huckabee vs. Huckabee". MSNBC. Retrieved January 24, 2014.
  132. ^ Wiles, Jason (2005). "Is Evolution Arkansas's Hidden Curriculum?". NCSE. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  133. ^ "Mike Huckabee: Americans to be indoctrinated at gunpoint". Archived from the original on April 6, 2011.
  134. ^ Collins, Gail (December 14, 2012). "Looking For America". The New York Times. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  135. ^ Dawkins, Richard; Blumner, Robyn (September 30, 2014). "Atheists Aren't the Problem, Christian Intolerance Is the Problem". Time. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  136. ^ "Huckabee says Dred Scott still 'law of land'". The Hill.
  137. ^ "Mike Huckabee: Dred Scott decision still 'the law of the land'". The Washington Times.
  138. ^ Bond, Paul (June 30, 2016). "God's Not Dead 2 Filmmakers Wade Into California Politics". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  139. ^ a b Gopal, Keerti (July 31, 2023). "Mike Huckabee's "Kids Guide to the Truth About Climate Change" Shows the Changing Landscape of Climate Denial". Inside Climate News. Archived from the original on July 31, 2023.
  140. ^ "NCSE helps to expose climate change propaganda aimed at kids". National Center for Science Education (NCSE). August 3, 2023. Archived from the original on August 4, 2023.
  141. ^ Huckabee, Michael D. (2008). "America's Priorities in the War on Terror". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  142. ^ "Interview with Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee". The Washington Post. May 23, 2006. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
  143. ^ Fact Sheet – April 26, 2006 Archived February 7, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Pew Hispanic Center
  144. ^ "Pledge to the People". Mike Huckabee for President. Archived from the original on October 12, 2016.
  145. ^ Moore, Stephen; Stansel, Dean (September 3, 1998). "A Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 1998" (PDF). Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  146. ^ Moore, Stephen; Stansel, Dean (September 3, 1998). "A Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 1998". Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  147. ^ Moore, Stephen; Slivinski, Stephen (February 12, 2001). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2000" (PDF). Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  148. ^ Moore, Stephen; Slivinski, Stephen (February 12, 2001). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2000". Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  149. ^ Moore, Stephen; Slivinski, Stephen (September 20, 2002). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2002" (PDF). Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  150. ^ Moore, Stephen; Slivinski, Stephen (September 20, 2002). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2002". Cato Institute. Archived from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  151. ^ Moore, Stephen; Slivinski, Stephen (March 1, 2005). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2004" (PDF). Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  152. ^ Moore, Stephen; Slivinski, Stephen (March 1, 2005). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2004". Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  153. ^ Slivinski, Stephen (October 24, 2006). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2006" (PDF). Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  154. ^ Slivinski, Stephen (October 24, 2006). "Fiscal Policy Report Card on America's Governors: 2006". Cato Institute. Retrieved September 3, 2015.
  155. ^ Fowler, Steven (November 12, 2024). "Trump to name former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee as ambassador to Israel". NPR. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  156. ^ Liptak, Kevin; Maher, Kit (November 12, 2024). "Trump picks Mike Huckabee to serve as US ambassador to Israel | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  157. ^ "Mike Huckabee | Slim chance". Economist.com. December 14, 2007. Archived from the original on April 24, 2008. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
  158. ^ "Should We Fear Faith? | The Jewish Exponent". Jewishexponent.com. Archived from the original on April 6, 2009. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
  159. ^ "The Corner on National Review Online". Corner.nationalreview.com. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
  160. ^ Payne, Dan (December 13, 2007). "Contrary to pundits, not everybody loves Huckabee - The Boston Globe". Boston.com. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
  161. ^ Nossiter, Adam and Barstow, David (December 22, 2007). "Charming and Aloof, Huckabee Changed State - New York Times". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 11, 2009. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
  162. ^ "Project Vote Smart - Michael D. 'Mike' Huckabee - The New Republic - The Bearable Lightness of Mike Huckabee". Vote-smart.org. Retrieved October 16, 2008.[permanent dead link]
  163. ^ "Capitol Offense MySpace Profile". Retrieved December 12, 2007.
  164. ^ Collins, Glenn (September 2, 2004). "He Knows a Little Rock". The New York Times. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
  165. ^ "Mike Huckabee". Harvard Institute of Politics. 2014. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  166. ^ McAninch, Tom (December 14, 2006). "Governor of Arkansas Becomes a Frater". Tau Kappa Epsilon. Retrieved November 12, 2023.
  167. ^ Callahan, Jody (July 12, 2010). "Former Arkansas Governor Huckabee to be a fundraiser for Victory University". Memphis Commercial Appeal. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  168. ^ Johnson, Ted (March 26, 2019). "Trump Taps Jon Voight, Mike Huckabee for Kennedy Center Board". Variety. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
  169. ^ Barrett, Jennifer (May 5, 2005). "Campaigning for a Healthier America". Newsweek. Archived from the original on December 14, 2006. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
    Leibovich, Mark (January 17, 2006). "Fire in the Belly". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  170. ^ "BMI Calculator from the Mayo Clinic". Retrieved January 27, 2008.
  171. ^ Dewan, Shaila (September 10, 2006). "The Slenderized Governor, With Advice to Share". The New York Times. Retrieved February 10, 2007.
  172. ^ Karnazes, Dean; Fitzgerald, Matt (2008). 50/50: Secrets I Learned Running 50 Marathons in 50 Days – and How You Too Can Achieve Super Endurance!. New York: Hachette Book Group USA. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-446-53789-6. Retrieved January 9, 2015.
  173. ^ Brian Wansink and Mike Huckabee (2005), "De-Marketing Obesity", California Management Review, 47:4 (Summer), 6–18.
  174. ^ Young, Jeffrey (January 16, 2008). "Huckabee about-face on smoking". The Hill. Archived from the original on June 21, 2009. Retrieved January 18, 2008.
  175. ^ McManus, Jane (November 5, 2006). "At NYC Marathon, there's no telling who you may run into". The Journal News. Lower Hudson Valley.
  176. ^ Miller, Emily (2009). "Weighty Matters: Mike Huckabee Gains 25 Lbs., 'Biggest Loser' Comes to D.C." The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved August 14, 2011.
  177. ^ "The New York Times Best Seller List" (PDF). The New York Times. January 4, 2009. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  178. ^ Blistein, Jon (January 20, 2015). "Watch Jon Stewart, Mike Huckabee Clash Over Culture, Beyoncé". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

Further reading

  • Varacalli, Thomas F. X. (July 11, 2016). "Mike Huckabee". In Frank J. Smith (ed.). Religion and Politics in America: An Encyclopedia of Church and State in American Life. Santa Barbara, Cal.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 360–361. ISBN 9781598844368. OCLC 921863922.
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Arkansas
(Class 3)

1992
Succeeded by
Preceded by Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas
1993, 1994
Succeeded by
Vacant
Title last held by
Ed Bethune
1984
Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Arkansas
(Class 3)
Withdrew

1996
Succeeded by
Preceded by Republican nominee for Governor of Arkansas
1998, 2002
Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas
1993–1996
Succeeded by
Governor of Arkansas
1996–2007
Succeeded by
Preceded by Chair of National Governors Association
2005–2006
Succeeded by
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byas Former Governor Order of precedence of the United States Succeeded byas Former Governor