Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
research-article
Open access

Remember the Human: A Systematic Review of Ethical Considerations in Reddit Research

Published: 21 February 2024 Publication History

Abstract

Reddit is one of the world's most prominent social media platforms, and also a valuable source of data for internet researchers. However, working with this kind of data also presents novel ethical complications for researchers, including issues around privacy, vulnerable populations, and unintended consequences. This paper describes an analysis of 134 papers that rely on Reddit data while also including some discussion of ethical implications and/or considerations by the researchers. Our analysis of these papers reveals common ethical issues and ethically motivated methodological decisions, as described by the researchers themselves, while also exposing some gaps for further ethical contemplation for researchers relying on Reddit data. Based on these findings, we close with a set of recommendations for ethically-informed methods and reflection for researchers working with social data.

References

[1]
2021. Reddiquette. Reddit Help (2021). https://www.reddithelp.com/hc/en-us/articles/205926439
[2]
2022. Reddit daily active users 2022. Statista.com (2022). https://www.statista.com/statistics/1324264/reddit-dailyactive- users/
[3]
Ashwin Karthik Ambalavan, Bilel Moulahi, Jérôme Azé, and Sandra Bringay. 2019. Unveiling online suicide behavior: What can we learn about mental health from suicide survivors of Reddit? MedInfo (2019), 50--54.
[4]
Tawfiq Ammari, Sarita Schoenebeck, and Daniel Romero. 2019. Self-declared throwaway accounts on Reddit: How platform affordances and shared norms enable parenting disclosure and support. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (2019), 1--30.
[5]
Patrícia Felippe Amorim, Carolina Sacramento, Eliane Pinheiro Capra, Patricia Zamprogno Tavares, and Simone Bacellar Leal Ferreira. 2019. Submit or not my HCI research project to the ethics committee, that is the question. In Proceedings of the 18th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--11.
[6]
Nazanin Andalibi, Oliver L Haimson, Munmun De Choudhury, and Andrea Forte. 2018. Social support, reciprocity, and anonymity in responses to sexual abuse disclosures on social media. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) 25, 5 (2018), 1--35.
[7]
John W Ayers, Theodore L Caputi, Camille Nebeker, and Mark Dredze. 2018. Don't quote me: reverse identification of research participants in social media studies. NPJ Digital Medicine 1, 1 (2018), 1--2.
[8]
Sairam Balani and Munmun De Choudhury. 2015. Detecting and characterizing mental health related self-disclosure in social media. In Extended Abstracts of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1373--1378.
[9]
Kelsey Beninger, Alexandra Fry, Natalie Jago, Hayley Lepps, Laura Nass, and Hannah Silvester. 2014. Research using social media; users' views. NatCen Social Research (2014), 1--40.
[10]
Ruha Benjamin. 2019. Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code. Polity.
[11]
Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology 3, 2 (2006), 77--101.
[12]
Janne Bromseth. 2002. Public places--public activities. Methodological Approaches and Ethical Dilemmas in Research on Computer-mediated Communication Contexts. (2002), 33--61.
[13]
Siân Brooke. 2019. 'There are no girls on the Internet": Gender performances in Advice Animal memes. First Monday (2019).
[14]
Barry Brown, Alexandra Weilenmann, Donald McMillan, and Airi Lampinen. 2016. Five provocations for ethical HCI research. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 852--863.
[15]
Amy Bruckman. 2002. Studying the amateur artist: A perspective on disguising data collected in human subjects research on the Internet. Ethics and Information Technology 4, 3 (2002), 217--231.
[16]
Elizabeth A Buchanan and Michael Zimmer. 2012. Internet research ethics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2012). https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-internet-research/
[17]
Katherine Carpenter and David Dittrich. 2011. Bridging the distance: removing the technology buffer and seeking consistent ethical analysis in computer security research. In 1st International Digital Ethics Symposium. Citeseer.
[18]
Chris James Carter, Ansgar Koene, Elvira Perez, Ramona Statache, Svenja Adolphs, Claire O'Malley, Tom Rodden, and Derek McAuley. 2016. Understanding academic attitudes towards the ethical challenges posed by social media research. ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society 45, 3 (2016), 202--210.
[19]
Stevie Chancellor, Eric PS Baumer, and Munmun De Choudhury. 2019. Who is the" human" in human-centered machine learning: The case of predicting mental health from social media. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (2019), 1--32.
[20]
Stevie Chancellor, Zhiyuan Lin, and Munmun De Choudhury. 2016. " This Post Will Just Get Taken Down" Characterizing Removed Pro-Eating Disorder Social Media Content. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1157--1162.
[21]
Stevie Chancellor, George Nitzburg, Andrea Hu, Francisco Zampieri, and Munmun De Choudhury. 2019. Discovering alternative treatments for opioid use recovery using social media. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--15.
[22]
Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Umashanthi Pavalanathan, Anirudh Srinivasan, Adam Glynn, Jacob Eisenstein, and Eric Gilbert. 2017. You can't stay here: The efficacy of reddit's 2015 ban examined through hate speech. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 1, CSCW (2017), 1--22.
[23]
James I Charlton. 1998. Nothing about us without us. University of California Press.
[24]
Monica Chin. 2021. How a University got Itself Banned from the Linux Kernel. The Verge (2021). https://www. theverge.com/2021/4/30/22410164/linux-kernel-university-of-minnesota-banned-open-source
[25]
Janghee Cho, Samuel Beck, and Stephen Voida. 2022. Topophilia, Placemaking, and Boundary Work: Exploring the Psycho-Social Impact of the COVID-19 Work-From-Home Experience. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, GROUP (2022), 1--33.
[26]
Sasha Costanza-Chock. 2020. Design Justice: Community-led practices to build the worlds we need. The MIT Press.
[27]
Tiago Cunha, Ingmar Weber, and Gisele Pappa. 2017. A warm welcome matters! the link between social feedback and weight loss in/r/loseit. In Proceedings of the International Conference on World Wide Web Companion. 1063--1072.
[28]
Munmun De Choudhury and Emre Kiciman. 2017. The language of social support in social media and its effect on suicidal ideation risk. In Proceedings of the AAAI ICWSM International Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 11.
[29]
Catherine D'ignazio and Lauren F Klein. 2020. Data Feminism. MIT press.
[30]
Bryan Dosono and Bryan Semaan. 2019. Moderation practices as emotional labor in sustaining online communities: The case of AAPI identity work on Reddit. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--13.
[31]
Paul Dourish, Christopher Lawrence, Tuck Wah Leong, and Greg Wadley. 2020. On being iterated: The affective demands of design participation. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--11.
[32]
Brianna Dym and Casey Fiesler. 2020. Ethical and Privacy Considerations for Research Using Online Fandom Data. Transformative Works and Cultures 33 (2020).
[33]
Jordan Eschler, Zakariya Dehlawi, and Wanda Pratt. 2015. Self-characterized illness phase and information needs of participants in an online cancer forum. In Proceedings of the AAAI ICWSM International Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 9.
[34]
Gunther Eysenbach and James E Till. 2001. Ethical issues in qualitative research on internet communities. Bmj 323, 7321 (2001), 1103--1105.
[35]
Maddalena Favaretto, Eva De Clercq, Matthias Briel, and Bernice Simone Elger. 2020. Working Through Ethics Review of Big Data Research Projects: An Investigation into the Experiences of Swiss and American Researchers. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 15, 4 (2020), 339--354.
[36]
Casey Fiesler. 2021. Innovating Like an Optimist, Preparing Like a Pessimist: Ethical Speculation and the Legal Imagination. Colorado Technology Law Journal 19, 1 (2021).
[37]
Casey Fiesler, Nathan Beard, and Brian C Keegan. 2020. No robots, spiders, or scrapers: Legal and ethical regulation of data collection methods in social media terms of service. In Proceedings of the AAAI ICWSM International Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 14. 187--196.
[38]
Casey Fiesler, Joshua McCann, Kyle Frye, Jed R Brubaker, et al. 2018. Reddit rules! characterizing an ecosystem of governance. In Proceedings of the AAAI ICWSM International Conference on Web and Social Media.
[39]
Casey Fiesler and Nicholas Proferes. 2018. 'Participant" perceptions of Twitter research ethics. Social Media Society 4, 1 (2018), 2056305118763366.
[40]
Casey Fiesler, Alyson Young, Tamara Peyton, Amy S. Bruckman, Mary Gray, Jeff Hancock, and Wayne Lutters. 2015. Ethics for Studying Online Sociotechnical Systems in a Big Data World. In Conference Companion for the ACM CSCW Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (Vancouver, BC, Canada). New York, NY, USA, 289--292. https://doi.org/10.1145/2685553.2685558
[41]
Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban. 2008. Collaborative anthropology as twenty-first-century ethical anthropology. Collaborative Anthropologies 1, 1 (2008), 175--182.
[42]
Centere for the Governance of AI. 2020. A Guide to Writing the NeurIPS Impact Statement. Medium (2020). https://medium.com/@GovAI/a-guide-to-writing-the-neurips-impact-statement-4293b723f832
[43]
National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. 1979. The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. (1979). https: //www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/read-the-belmont-report/index.html
[44]
John Fowler, Mark Zachry, and David W McDonald. 2022. Fostering Communication: Characterizing the Concerns of Former Foster Youth in an Online Community. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, GROUP (2022), 1--23.
[45]
Deen Freelon. 2018. Computational research in the post-API age. Political Communication 35, 4 (2018), 665--668.
[46]
Sarah Gilbert, Katie Shilton, and Jessica Vitak. 2023. When research is the context: Cross-platform user expectations for social media data reuse. Big Data & Society 10, 1 (2023), 20539517231164108.
[47]
Sarah Gilbert, Jessica Vitak, and Katie Shilton. 2021. Measuring Americans' Comfort With Research Uses ofTheir Social Media Data. Social Media Society (2021).
[48]
Sarah A Gilbert. 2020. " I run the world's largest historical outreach project and it's on a cesspool of a website." Moderating a Public Scholarship Site on Reddit: A Case Study of r/AskHistorians. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 4, CSCW1 (2020), 1--27.
[49]
Chandell Gosse, George Veletsianos, Jaigris Hodson, Shandell Houlden, Tonia A Dousay, Patrick R Lowenthal, and Nathan Hall. 2021. The hidden costs of connectivity: nature and effects of scholars' online harassment. Learning, Media and Technology (2021), 1--17.
[50]
Blake Hallinan, Jed R Brubaker, and Casey Fiesler. 2020. Unexpected expectations: Public reaction to the Facebook emotional contagion study. New Media & Society 22, 6 (2020), 1076--1094.
[51]
Brent Hecht. 2018. It's time to do something: Mitigating the negative impacts of computing through a change to the peer review process. (2018). https://acm-fca.org/2018/03/29/negativeimpacts/
[52]
Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Shagun Jhaver, Savvas Zannettou, Jeremy Blackburn, Gianluca Stringhini, Emiliano De Cristofaro, and Robert West. 2021. Do platform migrations compromise content moderation? evidence from r/the_donald and r/incels. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, CSCW2 (2021), 1--24.
[53]
Dorothy Howard and Lilly Irani. 2019. Ways of knowing when research subjects care. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--16.
[54]
Gary Hsieh, Youyang Hou, Ian Chen, and Khai N Truong. 2013. " Welcome!" social and psychological predictors of volunteer socializers in online communities. In Proceedings of the ACM CSCW Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. 827--838.
[55]
James M Hudson and Amy Bruckman. 2004. "Go away": participant objections to being studied and the ethics of chatroom research. The Information Society 20, 2 (2004), 127--139.
[56]
Richard Hugman, Eileen Pittaway, and Linda Bartolomei. 2011. When "do no harm'is not enough: The ethics of research with refugees and other vulnerable groups. The British Journal of Social Work 41, 7 (2011), 1271--1287.
[57]
Shagun Jhaver, Darren Scott Appling, Eric Gilbert, and Amy Bruckman. 2019. " Did You Suspect the Post Would be Removed?" Understanding User Reactions to Content Removals on Reddit. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (2019), 1--33.
[58]
Prerna Juneja, Deepika Rama Subramanian, and Tanushree Mitra. 2020. Through the Looking Glass: Study of Transparency in Reddit's Moderation Practices. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 4, GROUP (2020), 1--35.
[59]
Nazilla Khanlou and Elizabeth Peter. 2005. Participatory action research: considerations for ethical review. Social Science & Mdicine 60, 10 (2005), 2333--2340.
[60]
Charles Kiene, Jialun Aaron Jiang, and Benjamin Mako Hill. 2019. Technological frames and user innovation: exploring technological change in community moderation teams. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (2019), 1--23.
[61]
Charles Kiene, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, and Benjamin Mako Hill. 2016. Surviving an" Eternal September" How an Online Community Managed a Surge of Newcomers. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1152--1156.
[62]
Yubo Kou and Colin M Gray. 2017. Supporting distributed critique through interpretation and sense-making in an online creative community. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 1, CSCW (2017), 1--18.
[63]
Yubo Kou and Colin M Gray. 2018. Towards professionalization in an online community of emerging occupation: Discourses among UX practitioners. In Proceedings of the ACM GROUP International Conference on Supporting Group Work. 322--334.
[64]
Mrinal Kumar, Mark Dredze, Glen Coppersmith, and Munmun De Choudhury. 2015. Detecting changes in suicide content manifested in social media following celebrity suicides. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Hypertext & Social Media. 85--94.
[65]
Kai Kupferschmidt. 2023. Twitter's plan to cut off free data access evokes "fair amount of panic' among scientists. Science Insider (2023). https://www.science.org/content/article/twitters-plan-cut-free-data-access-evokes-fairamount- panic-among-scientists
[66]
Luke E Lassiter. 2005. The Chicago guide to collaborative ethnography. University of Chicago Press.
[67]
Alex Leavitt. 2015. " This is a Throwaway Account" Temporary Technical Identities and Perceptions of Anonymity in a Massive Online Community. In Proceedings of the ACM CSCW Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing. 317--327.
[68]
Alex Leavitt and John J Robinson. 2017. Upvote my news: The practices of peer information aggregation for breaking news on reddit. com. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 1, CSCW (2017), 1--18.
[69]
Sarah Lefkowith. 2017. Credibility and Crisis in Pseudonymous Communities. In Establishing and Evaluating Digital Ethos and Online Credibility. IGI Global, 190--236.
[70]
Natasha Lomas. 2019. Researchers spotlight the lie of "anonymous' data. TechCrunch (2019). https://techcrunch.com/ 2019/07/24/researchers-spotlight-the-lie-of-anonymous-data/
[71]
Annette Markham. 2012. Fabrication as ethical practice: Qualitative inquiry in ambiguous internet contexts. Information, Communication & Society 15, 3 (2012), 334--353.
[72]
Annette Markham, Elizabeth Buchanan, et al. 2012. Ethical decision-making and internet research: Recommendations from the AoIR Ethics Working Committee (Version 2.0).
[73]
Ally Marotti. 2018. Reddit to open Chicago office as part of advertising push. Chicago Tribune (2018). https: //www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-reddit-chicago-office-20180418-story.html
[74]
Alice E Marwick. 2017. Scandal or sex crime? Gendered privacy and the celebrity nude photo leaks. Ethics and Information Technology 19, 3 (2017), 177--191.
[75]
Adrienne L Massanari. 2018. Rethinking research ethics, power, and the risk of visibility in the era of the "alt-right" gaze. Social Media Society 4, 2 (2018), 2056305118768302.
[76]
J Nathan Matias. 2019. Preventing harassment and increasing group participation through social norms in 2,190 online science discussions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, 20 (2019), 9785--9789.
[77]
J Nathan Matias and Merry Mou. 2018. CivilServant: Community-led experiments in platform governance. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--13.
[78]
Nora McDonald, Sarita Schoenebeck, and Andrea Forte. 2019. Reliability and inter-rater reliability in qualitative research: Norms and guidelines for CSCW and HCI practice. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (2019), 1--23.
[79]
Rebecca McKee. 2013. Ethical issues in using social media for health and health care research. Health policy 110, 2--3 (2013), 298--301.
[80]
Jacob Metcalf and Kate Crawford. 2016. Where are human subjects in big data research? The emerging ethics divide. Big Data & Society 3, 1 (2016), 2053951716650211.
[81]
Jacob Metcalf and Casey Fiesler. 2018. One Way Facebook Can Stop the Next Cambridge Analytica. Slate (2018). https://slate.com/technology/2018/03/cambridge-analytica-demonstrates-that-facebook-needs-to-giveresearchers- more-access.html
[82]
Michael J Muller and Sarah Kuhn. 1993. Participatory design. Commun. ACM 36, 6 (1993), 24--28.
[83]
Cosmin Munteanu, Heather Molyneaux,Wendy Moncur, Mario Romero, Susan O'Donnell, and John Vines. 2015. Situational ethics: Re-thinking approaches to formal ethics requirements for human-computer interaction. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 105--114.
[84]
Priyanka Nanayakkara, Jessica Hullman, and Nicholas Diakopoulos. 2021. Unpacking the Expressed Consequences of AI Research in Broader Impact Statements. Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM AIES Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (2021).
[85]
Helen Nissenbaum. 2009. Privacy in Context: Technology, Policy, and the Integrity of Social Life. Stanford University Press, USA.
[86]
US Department of Health Office for Human Research Protections and Human Services. 2020. International compilation of human research standards.
[87]
Secretary's Advisory Committee on Human Research Protections (SACHRP). 2013. Considerations and recommendations concerning internet research and human subjects research regulations. US Department of Health and Human Services Washington, DC (2013).
[88]
Tully O'Neill. 2018. "Today I Speak': Exploring How Victim-Survivors Use Reddit. International journal for crime, justice and social democracy 7, 1 (2018), 44.
[89]
Albert Park and Mike Conway. 2017. Longitudinal changes in psychological states in online health community members: understanding the long-term effects of participating in an online depression community. Journal of Medical Internet Research 19, 3 (2017), e71.
[90]
Nicholas Proferes. 2017. Information flow solipsism in an exploratory study of beliefs about Twitter. Social Media Society 3, 1 (2017), 2056305117698493.
[91]
Nicholas Proferes, Naiyan Jones, Sarah Gilbert, Casey Fiesler, and Michael Zimmer. 2021. Studying Reddit: A Systematic Overview of Disciplines, Approaches, Methods, and Ethics. Social Media Society 7, 2 (2021), 20563051211019004.
[92]
Nicholas Proferes and Shawn Walker. 2020. Researcher views and practices around informing, getting consent, and sharing research outputs with social media users when using their public data. Proceedings of the IEEE HICSS Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2020).
[93]
Farhat Tasnim Progga and Sabirat Rubya. 2023. " just like therapy!": Investigating the Potential of Storytelling in Online Postpartum Depression Communities. In Companion of the ACM GROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work. 18--20.
[94]
Joseph Reagle. 2022. Disguising Reddit sources and the efficacy of ethical research. Ethics and Information Technology 24, 3 (2022), 41.
[95]
Lynne D Roberts. 2015. Ethical issues in conducting qualitative research in online communities. Qualitative Research in Psychology 12, 3 (2015), 314--325.
[96]
Caroline Robitaille. 2020. Networked psychostimulants: a web-based ethnographic study. Drugs and Alcohol Today (2020).
[97]
RF Rodgers, C Meyer, and D McCaig. 2020. Characterizing a body positive online forum: Resistance and pursuit of appearance-ideals. Body image 33 (2020), 199--206.
[98]
Sofia Rüdiger and Daria Dayter. 2017. The ethics of researching unlikeable subjects. Applied Linguistics Review 8, 2--3 (2017), 251--269.
[99]
Koustuv Saha and Munmun De Choudhury. 2017. Modeling stress with social media around incidents of gun violence on college campuses. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 1, CSCW (2017), 1--27.
[100]
Koustuv Saha, Sang Chan Kim, Manikanta D Reddy, Albert J Carter, Eva Sharma, Oliver L Haimson, and Munmun De Choudhury. 2019. The language of LGBTQ minority stress experiences on social media. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (2019), 1--22.
[101]
Kavous Salehzadeh Niksirat, Lahari Goswami, Pooja S. B. Rao, James Tyler, Alessandro Silacci, Sadiq Aliyu, Annika Aebli, ChatWacharamanotham, and Mauro Cherubini. 2023. Changes in Research Ethics, Openness, and Transparency in Empirical Studies between CHI 2017 and CHI 2022. In Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Hamburg, Germany) (CHI '23). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 505, 23 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3580848
[102]
Joni Salminen, Maximilian Hopf, Shammur A Chowdhury, Soon-gyo Jung, Hind Almerekhi, and Bernard J Jansen. 2020. Developing an online hate classifier for multiple social media platforms. Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences 10, 1 (2020), 1--34.
[103]
Mattia Samory and Tanushree Mitra. 2018. 'The Government Spies Using OurWebcams' The Language of Conspiracy Theories in Online Discussions. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2, CSCW (2018), 1--24.
[104]
Bruce Schneier et al. 2007. Why "Anonymous' Data Sometimes Isn't. WIRED (2007). https://www.wired.com/2007/ 12/why-anonymous-data-sometimes-isnt/
[105]
Subhasree Sengupta. 2020. 'Learning to code in a virtual world' A Preliminary Comparative Analysis of Discourse and Learning in Two Online Programming Communities. In Conference Companion of the ACM CSCW Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 389--394.
[106]
Eva Sharma and Munmun De Choudhury. 2018. Mental health support and its relationship to linguistic accommodation in online communities. In Proceedings of the ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--13.
[107]
Katie Shilton and Sheridan Sayles. 2016. "We Aren't All Going to Be on the Same Page about Ethics": Ethical Practices and Challenges in Research on Digital and Social Media. In Proceedings of the IEEE HICSS Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 1909--1918.
[108]
Linda Tuhiwai Smith. 2021. Decolonizing methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples. Zed Books Ltd.
[109]
Katta Spiel, Emeline Brulé, Christopher Frauenberger, Gilles Bailly, and Geraldine Fitzpatrick. 2018. Micro-ethics for participatory design with marginalised children. In Proceedings of the 15th Participatory Design Conference. 1--12.
[110]
Wyke Stommel and Lynn de Rijk. 2021. Ethical approval: none sought. How discourse analysts report ethical issues around publicly available online data. Research Ethics (2021), 1747016120988767.
[111]
Todd Suomela, Florence Chee, Bettina Berendt, and Geoffrey Rockwell. 2019. Applying an ethics of care to Internet research: Gamergate and digital humanities. Digital Studies/Le Champ Numérique 9, 1 (2019).
[112]
Joanna Taylor and Claudia Pagliari. 2018. Mining social media data: how are research sponsors and researchers addressing the ethical challenges? Research Ethics 14, 2 (2018), 1--39.
[113]
Robert Thorstad and Phillip Wolff. 2019. Predicting future mental illness from social media: A big-data approach. Behavior research methods 51, 4 (2019), 1586--1600.
[114]
Rebekah Tromble. 2021. Where have all the data gone? A critical reflection on academic digital research in the post-API age. Social Media Society 7, 1 (2021), 2056305121988929.
[115]
Emily van der Nagel. 2020. Fluids on Pictures on Screens: Pseudonymous Affect on Reddit's TributeMe. Social Media Society 6, 1 (2020), 2056305120905644.
[116]
Jessica Vitak, Nicholas Proferes, Katie Shilton, and Zahra Ashktorab. 2017. Ethics regulation in social computing research: Examining the role of institutional review boards. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 12, 5 (2017), 372--382.
[117]
Jessica Vitak, Katie Shilton, and Zahra Ashktorab. 2016. Beyond the Belmont principles: Ethical challenges, practices, and beliefs in the online data research community. In Proceedings of the ACM CSCW Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 941--953.
[118]
Matthew L Williams, Pete Burnap, and Luke Sloan. 2017. Towards an ethical framework for publishing Twitter data in social research: Taking into account users' views, online context and algorithmic estimation. Sociology 51, 6 (2017), 1149--1168.
[119]
Diyi Yang and Scott Counts. 2018. Understanding self-narration of personally experienced racism on reddit. In Proceedings of the AAAI ICWSM International Conference on Web and Social Media.
[120]
Andrew Yates, Arman Cohan, and Nazli Goharian. 2017. Depression and self-harm risk assessment in online forums. Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (2017).
[121]
Michael Zimmer. 2016. OkCupid Study Reveals the Perils of Big-Data Science. WIRED (2016). https://www.wired. com/2016/05/okcupid-study-reveals-perils-big-data-science/
[122]
Michael Zimmer. 2018. Addressing conceptual gaps in big data research ethics: An application of contextual integrity. Social Media Society 4, 2 (2018), 2056305118768300.
[123]
Michael Zimmer and Katharina Kinder-Kurlanda. 2017. Internet research ethics for the social age: New challenges, cases, and contexts. Peter Lang International Academic Publishers.
[124]
Michael Zimmer and Nicholas John Proferes. 2014. A topology of Twitter research: disciplines, methods, and ethics. Aslib Journal of Information Management (2014).
[125]
Matthew Zook, Solon Barocas, Danah Boyd, Kate Crawford, Emily Keller, Seeta Peña Gangadharan, Alyssa Goodman, Rachelle Hollander, Barbara A Koenig, Jacob Metcalf, et al. 2017. Ten simple rules for responsible big data research. PLOS Computational Biology (2017).

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Beyond the margin of error: a systematic and replicable audit of the TikTok research APIInformation, Communication & Society10.1080/1369118X.2024.2420032(1-19)Online publication date: 7-Nov-2024
  • (2024)How scientists are making the most of RedditNature10.1038/d41586-024-00906-y628:8006(221-223)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2024
  • (2024)“Don’t research us”—How Mastodon instance rules connect to research ethics„Don’t Research Us“ – Wie die Regeln von Mastodon-Instanzen mit der Forschungsethik zusammenhängenPublizistik10.1007/s11616-024-00855-6Online publication date: 12-Aug-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Remember the Human: A Systematic Review of Ethical Considerations in Reddit Research

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
    Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction  Volume 8, Issue GROUP
    GROUP
    January 2024
    195 pages
    EISSN:2573-0142
    DOI:10.1145/3649392
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 21 February 2024
    Published in PACMHCI Volume 8, Issue GROUP

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. ethics
    2. privacy
    3. public data
    4. reddit
    5. research ethics
    6. research methods
    7. social computing
    8. systematic literature review

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Funding Sources

    • National Science Foundation

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)2,327
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)395
    Reflects downloads up to 18 Nov 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Beyond the margin of error: a systematic and replicable audit of the TikTok research APIInformation, Communication & Society10.1080/1369118X.2024.2420032(1-19)Online publication date: 7-Nov-2024
    • (2024)How scientists are making the most of RedditNature10.1038/d41586-024-00906-y628:8006(221-223)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2024
    • (2024)“Don’t research us”—How Mastodon instance rules connect to research ethics„Don’t Research Us“ – Wie die Regeln von Mastodon-Instanzen mit der Forschungsethik zusammenhängenPublizistik10.1007/s11616-024-00855-6Online publication date: 12-Aug-2024
    • (2024)Key topic or bare necessity? How Research Ethics are Addressed and Discussed in Computational Communication ScienceZentrales Thema oder bloße Notwendigkeit? Wie Forschungsethik in der Computational Communication Science behandelt und diskutiert wirdPublizistik10.1007/s11616-024-00846-7Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024

    View Options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Login options

    Full Access

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media