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How Will Drivers Take Back Control in Automated Vehicles? A Driving Simulator Test of an Interleaving Framework

Published: 20 September 2021 Publication History

Abstract

We explore the transfer of control from an automated vehicle to the driver. Based on data from N=19 participants who participated in a driving simulator experiment, we find evidence that the transfer of control often does not take place in one step. In other words, when the automated system requests the transfer of control back to the driver, the driver often does not simply stop the non-driving task. Rather, the transfer unfolds as a process of interleaving the non-driving and driving tasks. We also find that the process is moderated by the length of time available for the transfer of control: interleaving is more likely when more time is available. Our interface designs for automated vehicles must take these results into account so as to allow drivers to safely take back control from automation.

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  • (2024)Move, Connect, Interact: Introducing a Design Space for Cross-Traffic InteractionProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36785808:3(1-40)Online publication date: 9-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Text a Bit Longer or Drive Now? Resuming Driving after Texting in Conditionally Automated CarsProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3640792.3675737(13-22)Online publication date: 22-Sep-2024
  • (2024)A Comprehensive Review of Parallel Autonomy Systems Within Vehicles: Applications, Architectures, Safety Considerations, and StandardsIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.343093312(150395-150418)Online publication date: 2024
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cover image ACM Conferences
AutomotiveUI '21: 13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
September 2021
306 pages
ISBN:9781450380638
DOI:10.1145/3409118
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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Published: 20 September 2021

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Author Tags

  1. automated driving
  2. interleaving framework
  3. transfer of control

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Overall Acceptance Rate 248 of 566 submissions, 44%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Move, Connect, Interact: Introducing a Design Space for Cross-Traffic InteractionProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36785808:3(1-40)Online publication date: 9-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Text a Bit Longer or Drive Now? Resuming Driving after Texting in Conditionally Automated CarsProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3640792.3675737(13-22)Online publication date: 22-Sep-2024
  • (2024)A Comprehensive Review of Parallel Autonomy Systems Within Vehicles: Applications, Architectures, Safety Considerations, and StandardsIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.343093312(150395-150418)Online publication date: 2024
  • (2024)PREDICTOR: A tool to predict the timing of the take-over response process in semi-automated drivingTransportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives10.1016/j.trip.2024.10119227(101192)Online publication date: Sep-2024
  • (2023)Determining Key Parameters with Data-Assisted Analysis of Conditionally Automated DrivingApplied Sciences10.3390/app1311664913:11(6649)Online publication date: 30-May-2023
  • (2023)Ecosimlab - A Low-Cost Driving Simulator Environment for Examining Human Factors in Vehicle Energy EfficiencyAdjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3581961.3609881(66-70)Online publication date: 18-Sep-2023
  • (2022)Driver Take-Over Behaviour Study Based on Gaze Focalization and Vehicle Data in CARLA SimulatorSensors10.3390/s2224999322:24(9993)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2022
  • (2022)Gesture and Voice Commands to Interact With AR Windshield Display in Automated Vehicle: A Remote Elicitation StudyProceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3543174.3545257(171-182)Online publication date: 17-Sep-2022
  • (2022)Multitasking while drivingInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102789162:COnline publication date: 1-Jun-2022

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