Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/3239060.3239085acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesautomotiveuiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Let Me Finish before I Take Over: Towards Attention Aware Device Integration in Highly Automated Vehicles

Published: 23 September 2018 Publication History

Abstract

A major promise of automated vehicles is to render it possible for drivers to engage in nondriving related tasks, a setting where the execution pattern will switch from concurrent to sequential multitasking. To allow drivers to safely and efficiently switch between multiple activities (including vehicle control in case of Take-Over situations), we postulate that future vehicles should incorporate capabilities of attentive user interfaces, that precisely plan the timing of interruptions based on driver availability. We propose an attention aware system that issues Take-Over Requests (1) at emerging task boundaries and (2) directly on consumer devices such as smartphones or tablets. Results of a driving simulator study (N=18), where we evaluated objective, physiological, and subjective measurements, confirm our assumption: attention aware Take-Over Requests have the potential to reduce stress, increase Take-Over performance, and can further raise user acceptance/trust. Consequently, we emphasize to implement attentive user interfaces in future vehicles.

References

[1]
Piotr D. Adamczyk and Brian P. Bailey. 2004. If Not Now, when?: The Effects of Interruption at Different Moments Within Task Execution. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '04). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 271--278.
[2]
A. S. Arif and W. Stuerzlinger. 2009. Analysis of text entry performance metrics. In 2009 IEEE Toronto International Conference Science and Technology for Humanity (TIC-STH). 100--105.
[3]
Brian P. Bailey and Joseph A. Konstan. 2006. On the need for attention-aware systems: Measuring effects of interruption on task performance, error rate, and affective state. Computers in Human Behavior 22, 4 (2006), 685 -- 708. Attention aware systems.
[4]
Mathias Benedek and Christian Kaernbach. 2010. A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 190, 1 (2010), 80--91.
[5]
Mathias Benedek and Christian Kaernbach. 2018. Ledalab Software. (2018). http://www.ledalab.de/
[6]
W. Boucsein. 2004. Electrodermal measurement. In Handbook of Ergonomics and Human Factors Methods, Neville Stanton, Alan Hedge, H.W. Hendrick, K.A. Brookhuis, and E. Salas (Eds.). Taylor & Francis, London.
[7]
Wolfram Boucsein, Don C. Fowles, Sverre Grimnes, Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Walton T. Roth, Michael E. Dawson, and Diane L. Filion. 2012. Publication recommendations for electrodermal measurements. Psychophysiology 49, 8 (2012), 1017--1034.
[8]
JJ Braithwaite, DG Watson, Jones Robert, and Rowe Mickey. 2013. A Guide for Analysing Electrodermal Activity (EDA) & Skin Conductance Responses (SCRs) for Psychological Experiments. ... (2013), 1--42.
[9]
K. A. Brookhuis, D. DE Waard, and S. H. Fairclough. 2003. Criteria for driver impairment. Ergonomics 46, 5 (apr 2003), 433--445.
[10]
James D Brown and Warren J Huffman. 1972. Psychophysiological measures of drivers under actual driving conditions. Journal of Safety Research 4, 4 (1972), 172--178.
[11]
Andreas Bulling. 2016. Pervasive Attentive User Interfaces. IEEE Computer 49, 1 (2016), 94--98.
[12]
C Collet, A Clarion, M Morel, A Chapon, and C Petit. 2009. Physiological and behavioural changes associated to the management of secondary tasks while driving. Applied Ergonomics 40, 6 (2009), 1041--1046.
[13]
SAE On-Road Automated Vehicle Standards Committee and others. 2014. Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to on-road motor vehicle automated driving systems. SAE International (2014).
[14]
SAE On-Road Automated Vehicle Standards Committee and others. 2016. Human Factors Definitions for Automated Driving and Related Research Topics. SAE International (2016).
[15]
Fred D Davis. 1985. A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results. Ph.D. Dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
[16]
F. DeRemer and H. H. Kron. 1976. Programming-in-the-Large Versus Programming-in-the-Small. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering SE-2, 2 (June 1976), 80--86.
[17]
Stenographisches Protokoll des Nationalrates XXV. 2016. 32. KFG-Novelle. Bundesgesetz Oesterreich. (15 March 2016). Retrieved April 22, 2018 from https://goo.gl/HedM9u.
[18]
Stefan Diewald, Andreas Möller, Luis Roalter, Matthias Kranz, and others. 2011. Mobile device integration and interaction in the automotive domain. In AutoNUI: automotive natural user interfaces workshop at the 3rd international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications (AutomotiveUI 2011).
[19]
Mica R. Endsley and Esin O. Kiris. 1995. The Out-of-the-Loop Performance Problem and Level of Control in Automation. Human Factors 37, 2 (1995), 381--394.
[20]
Alexander Eriksson and Neville A. Stanton. 2017. Takeover Time in Highly Automated Vehicles: Noncritical Transitions to and From Manual Control. Human Factors 59, 4 (2017), 689--705. 28124573.
[21]
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, and Clemens Schartmüller. 2017. Driving Hotzenplotz: A Hybrid Interface for Vehicle Control Aiming to Maximize Pleasure in Highway Driving. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 236--244.
[22]
Christian Gold, Daniel Damböck, Lutz Lorenz, and Klaus Bengler. 2013. Take over! How long does it take to get the driver back into the loop? Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 57, 1 (2013), 1938--1942.
[23]
Christian Gold, Moritz KÃűrber, David Lechner, and Klaus Bengler. 2016. Taking Over Control From Highly Automated Vehicles in Complex Traffic Situations: The Role of Traffic Density. Human Factors 58, 4 (2016), 642--652. 26984515.
[24]
Paul Green. 2004. Driver Distraction, Telematics Design, and Workload Managers: Safety Issues and Solutions. In Convergence International Congress & Exposition On Transportation Electronics. Convergence Transportation Electronics Association.
[25]
S. G. Hart. 2006. Nasa-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX); 20 Years Later. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 50, 9 (oct 2006), 904--908.
[26]
Sandra G. Hart and Lowell E. Staveland. 1988. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research. In Human Mental Workload, Peter A. Hancock and Najmedin Meshkati (Eds.). Advances in Psychology, Vol. 52. North-Holland, 139 -- 183.
[27]
Eric Horvitz. 1999. Principles of Mixed-initiative User Interfaces. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '99). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 159--166.
[28]
Shamsi T. Iqbal and Brian P. Bailey. 2005. Investigating the Effectiveness of Mental Workload As a Predictor of Opportune Moments for Interruption. In CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '05). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1489--1492.
[29]
Jiun-Yin Jian, Ann M. Bisantz, and Colin G. Drury. 2000. Foundations for an Empirically Determined Scale of Trust in Automated Systems. International Journal of Cognitive Ergonomics 4, 1 (2000), 53--71.
[30]
Wolfgang Fastenmeier Joerg Kubitzki. 2016. Ablenkung durch moderne Informations- und Kommunikationstechniken und soziale Interaktion bei Autofahrern. Allianz AG.
[31]
SeungJun Kim, Jaemin Chun, and Anind K. Dey. 2015. Sensors Know When to Interrupt You in the Car: Detecting Driver Interruptibility Through Monitoring of Peripheral Interactions. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 487--496.
[32]
Gwendolin Knappe, Andreas Keinath, Klaus Bengler, and Cristina Meinecke. 2007. Driving simulator as an evaluation tool--assessment of the influence of field of view and secondary tasks on lane keeping and steering performance. In 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
[33]
Tao Lin, Masaki Omata, Wanhua Hu, and Atsumi Imamiya. 2005. Do physiological data relate to traditional usability indexes? Proceedings of the 17th Australia conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Citizens Online: Considerations for Today and the Future (2005), 1--10. http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1108368.1108405
[34]
Christoph Linz. 2017. Handy am Steuer wird teurer. Stuttgarter Nachrichten. (21 September 2017). Retrieved August 22, 2017 from https://goo.gl/FopUCo.
[35]
Stefan Mattes. 2003. The lane-change-task as a tool for driver distraction evaluation. Quality of Work and Products in Enterprises of the Future 57 (2003).
[36]
Alexander G. Mirnig, Magdalena Gärtner, Arno Laminger, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, Sandra Trösterer, Manfred Tscheligi, Rod McCall, and Fintan McGee. 2017. Control Transition Interfaces in Semiautonomous Vehicles: A Categorization Framework and Literature Analysis. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 209--220.
[37]
Frederik Naujoks, Christoph Mai, and Alexandra Neukum. 2014. The effect of urgency of takeover requests during highly automated driving under distraction conditions. Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation 7, Part I (2014), 431.
[38]
Frederik Naujoks, Katharina Wiedemann, and Nadja Schömig. 2017. The Importance of Interruption Management for Usefulness and Acceptance of Automated Driving. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 254--263.
[39]
Elliot Njus. 2017. Oregon's new distracted driving law takes effect Oct. 1: what you need to know. The Oregonian. (20 September 2017). Retrieved August 22, 2018 from https://goo.gl/W9bCKK.
[40]
Bastian Pfleging, Maurice Rang, and Nora Broy. 2016. Investigating User Needs for Nondriving-related Activities During Automated Driving. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia (MUM '16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 91--99.
[41]
Ioannis Politis, Stephen Brewster, and Frank Pollick. 2015. Language-based Multimodal Displays for the Handover of Control in Autonomous Cars. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3--10.
[42]
Jonas Radlmayr, Christian Gold, Lutz Lorenz, Mehdi Farid, and Klaus Bengler. 2014. How Traffic Situations and Non-Driving Related Tasks Affect the Take-Over Quality in Highly Automated Driving. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 58, 1 (2014), 2063--2067.
[43]
Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Susanne C.J. Boll, Wilko Heuten, Heinrich H. Bülthoff, and Lewis Chuang. 2018. Feel the Movement: Real Motion Influences Responses to Takeover Requests in Highly Automated Vehicles. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 246, 13 pages.
[44]
Nadine B. Sarter and David D. Woods. 1995. How in the World Did We Ever Get into That Mode? Mode Error and Awareness in Supervisory Control. Human Factors 37, 1 (1995), 5--19.
[45]
Mahadev Satyanarayanan. 2001. Pervasive computing: Vision and challenges. IEEE Personal communications 8, 4 (2001), 10--17.
[46]
R. William Soukoreff and I. Scott MacKenzie. 2001. Measuring Errors in Text Entry Tasks: An Application of the Levenshtein String Distance Statistic. In CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '01). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 319--320.
[47]
R. William Soukoreff and I. Scott MacKenzie. 2003. Metrics for Text Entry Research: An Evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a New Unified Error Metric. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '03). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 113--120.
[48]
Serge Thill, Maria Riveiro, and Maria Nilsson. 2015. Perceived intelligence as a factor in (semi-) autonomous vehicle UX. In " Experiencing Autonomous Vehicles: Crossing the Boundaries between a Drive and a Ride" workshop in conjunction with CHI2015.
[49]
Tomer Toledo and David Zohar. 2007. Modeling Duration of Lane Changes. Transportation Research Record 1999, 1 (2007), 71--78.
[50]
Viswanath Venkatesh and Fred D. Davis. 2000. A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies. Management Science 46, 2 (2000), 186--204.
[51]
Roel Vertegaal and others. 2003. Attentive user interfaces. Commun. ACM 46, 3 (2003), 30--33.
[52]
Gabriela Villalobos-Zúñiga, Tuomo Kujala, and Antti Oulasvirta. 2016. T9+HUD: Physical Keypad and HUD Can Improve Driving Performance While Typing and Driving. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (Automotive'UI 16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 177--184.
[53]
David Watson, Lee Anna Clark, and Auke Tellegen. 1988. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology 54, 6 (1988), 1063.
[54]
Philipp Wintersberger, Paul Green, and Andreas Riener. 2017. Am I Driving or Are You or Are We Both? A Taxonomy for Handover and Handback in Automated Driving. (2017).
[55]
Philipp Wintersberger and Andreas Riener. 2016. Trust in technology as a safety aspect in highly automated driving. i-com 15, 3 (2016), 297--310.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Safety Aspects of In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012 to 2023Electronics10.3390/electronics1313256313:13(2563)Online publication date: 29-Jun-2024
  • (2024)Where's my TOR?: Evaluating the Effect of Take-Over Request Source on Older Drivers' Control Transition in Level 3 CarsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765338:MHCI(1-25)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Text a Bit Longer or Drive Now? Resuming Driving after Texting in Conditionally Automated CarsProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3640792.3675737(13-22)Online publication date: 22-Sep-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
AutomotiveUI '18: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
September 2018
374 pages
ISBN:9781450359467
DOI:10.1145/3239060
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 23 September 2018

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Automated driving
  2. SAE J3016
  3. SAE J3114
  4. Take-Over Request
  5. attentive user interfaces
  6. device integration
  7. non-driving related tasks
  8. pervasive computing

Qualifiers

  • Research-article
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Funding Sources

  • German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)

Conference

AutomotiveUI '18
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 248 of 566 submissions, 44%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)74
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)9
Reflects downloads up to 08 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Safety Aspects of In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012 to 2023Electronics10.3390/electronics1313256313:13(2563)Online publication date: 29-Jun-2024
  • (2024)Where's my TOR?: Evaluating the Effect of Take-Over Request Source on Older Drivers' Control Transition in Level 3 CarsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36765338:MHCI(1-25)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Text a Bit Longer or Drive Now? Resuming Driving after Texting in Conditionally Automated CarsProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3640792.3675737(13-22)Online publication date: 22-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Changing Lanes Toward Open Science: Openness and Transparency in Automotive User ResearchProceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3640792.3675730(94-105)Online publication date: 22-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Can You Hazard a Guess?: Evaluating the Effect of Augmented Reality Cues on Driver Hazard PredictionProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642300(1-28)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
  • (2024)Supporting Task Switching with Reinforcement LearningProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642063(1-18)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
  • (2024)PREDICTOR: A tool to predict the timing of the take-over response process in semi-automated drivingTransportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives10.1016/j.trip.2024.10119227(101192)Online publication date: Sep-2024
  • (2024)An analysis of physiological responses as indicators of driver takeover readiness in conditionally automated drivingAccident Analysis & Prevention10.1016/j.aap.2023.107372195(107372)Online publication date: Feb-2024
  • (2023)MuM'23 Workshop on Interruptions and Attention ManagementProceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia10.1145/3626705.3626706(548-551)Online publication date: 3-Dec-2023
  • (2023)Breaking Barriers: Workshop on Open Data Practices in AutoUI ResearchAdjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3581961.3609835(227-230)Online publication date: 18-Sep-2023
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media