Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/344779.344849acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagessiggraphConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article
Free access

The digital Michelangelo project: 3D scanning of large statues

Published: 01 July 2000 Publication History

Abstract

We describe a hardware and software system for digitizing the shape and color of large fragile objects under non-laboratory conditions. Our system employs laser triangulation rangefinders, laser time-of-flight rangefinders, digital still cameras, and a suite of software for acquiring, aligning, merging, and viewing scanned data. As a demonstration of this system, we digitized 10 statues by Michelangelo, including the well-known figure of David, two building interiors, and all 1,163 extant fragments of the Forma Urbis Romae, a giant marble map of ancient Rome. Our largest single dataset is of the David - 2 billion polygons and 7,000 color images. In this paper, we discuss the challenges we faced in building this system, the solutions we employed, and the lessons we learned. We focus in particular on the unusual design of our laser triangulation scanner and on the algorithms and software we developed for handling very large scanned models.

References

[1]
Beraldin, J.-A., Cournoyer,L., Rioux, M., Blais, F., El-Hakim, S.F., Godin, G., ''Object model creation from multiple range images: acquisition, cali-bration, model building and verification,'' Proc. 1st Int'l Conf.on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling,IEEE, 1997, pp. 326-333.
[2]
Beraldin, J.-A., Blais, F., Cournoyer,L., Rioux, M., El-Hakim, S.F., Rodell, R., Bernier,F., Harrison, N., ''Digital 3D imaging system for rapid response on remote sites,'' Proc. 2nd Int'l Conf.on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling,IEEE, 1999, pp. 34-43.
[3]
Bergevin, R., Soucy, M., Gagnon, H., Laurendeau, D., ''Towards a gen-eral multi-view registration technique,'' IEEE Trans. PAMI,Vol. 18, No. 5, May, 1996, pp. 540-547.
[4]
Bernardini, F.,Martin, I., Rushmeier,H., ''High-Quality Texture Syn-thesis from Multiple Scans,'' IBM Research Report RC 21656(97598), February, 2000, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY.
[5]
Besl, P.,McKay,N., ''A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes,'' IEEE Trans. PAMI,Vol. 14, No. 2, February,1992, pp. 239-256.
[6]
Chen, Y.,Medioni, G., ''Object modeling by registration of multiple range images,'' Image and Vision Computing,Vol. 10, No. 3, April, 1992, pp. 145-155.
[7]
Rocchini, C., Cignoni, P., Montani, C., Scopigno, R., ''Multiple textures stitching and blending on 3D objects,'' Proc. 10th Eurographics Rendering Work-shop, Springer-Verlag, 1999, pp. 119-130.
[8]
Curless, B., Levoy,M., ''A Volumetric Method for Building Complex Models from Range Images,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '96, ACM, 1996, pp. 303-312.
[9]
Dana, K.J., Nayer,S.K., Ginneken, B.V,Koenderink, J.J., ''Reflectance and Texture of Real-World Surfaces,'' ACM Trans. on Graphics,Vol. 18, No. 1, Jan-uary 1999, pp. 1-34.
[10]
Debevec, P.E., Malik, J., ''Recovering high dynamic range radiance maps from photographs,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '97, ACM, 1997, pp. 369-378.
[11]
Dorsey, J., Edelman, A., Jensen, H.-W., Legakis, J., Pedersen, H.-K., ''Modeling and rendering of weathered stone,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '99, ACM, 1999, pp. 225-234.
[12]
Giovannini, P., ''Il 'San Matteo' di Michelangelo: analisi delle tracce di lavorazione, studio degli strumenti e osservazioni sulla tecnica di scultura,'' Riv-ista dell'Opificio delle Pietre Dure,Vol. 10, 1998, pp. 205-228.
[13]
Hebert, M., Ikeuchi, K., Delingette, H., ''A Spherical Representation for Recognition of Free-Form Surfaces,'' IEEE Trans. PAMI,Vol. 17, No. 7, July, 1995, pp. 681-690.
[14]
Heikkila . J., Silve~n O., ''A four-step camera calibration procedure with implicit image correction,'' Proc. CVPR '97,IEEE, 1997, pp. 1106-1112.
[15]
Johnson, A.E., Hebert, M., ''Surface Registration by Matching Oriented Points,'' Proc. 1st Int'l Conf.on 3D Digital Imaging and Modeling,IEEE, 1997, pp. 121-128.
[16]
Jokinen, O., ''Self-calibration of a light striping system by matching multi-ple 3-D profile maps,'' Proc. 2nd Int'l Conf.on 3-D Digital Imaging and Model-ing, IEEE, 1999, pp. 180-190.
[17]
Levoy,M., Hanrahan, P., ''Light Field Rendering,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '96, ACM, 1996, pp. 31-42.
[18]
Miller,G., ''Efficient Algorithms for Local and Global Accessibility Shad-ing, '' Proc. SIGGRAPH '94, ACM, 1994, Computer Graphics pp. 319-326.
[19]
Nayar,S.K., Ikeuchi, K., Kanade, T., ''Shape from Interreflections,'' Proc. ICCV '90,IEEE, 1990, pp. 2-11.
[20]
Oren, M., Nayar,S.K., ''Generalization of Lambert's reflectance model,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '94, ACM, 1994, pp. 239-246.
[21]
Maver, J., Bajcsy,R., ''Occlusions as a Guide for Planning the Next View,'' IEEE Trans. PAMI,Vol. 15, No. 5, May,1993, pp. 417-433.
[22]
Pito, R., ''A sensor-based solution to the next best view problem,'' Proc. ICPR '96,1996, pp. 941-945.
[23]
Pulli, K., Surface Reconstruction and Display from Range and Color Data, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 1997.
[24]
Pulli, K., ''Multiview registration for large data sets,'' Proc. 2nd Int'l Conf.on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling,IEEE, 1999, pp. 160-168.
[25]
Rushmeier,H., Taubin, G., Gue~ziec, A., ''Applying shape from lighting variation to bump map capture,'' Proc. 8th Eurographics Rendering Workshop, Springer-Verlag, 1997, pp. 35-44.
[26]
Rushmeier,H., Bernardini, F., Mittleman, J., Taubin, G., ''Acquiring input for rendering at appropriate levels of detail: digitizing a Pieta`,'' Proc. 9th Eurographics Rendering Workshop,Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 81-92.
[27]
Rusinkiewicz, S., Levoy,M., ''Qsplat: a multiresolution point render-ing system for large meshes,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH 2000 (these proceedings).
[28]
Sato, Y.,Wheeler,M.D., Ikeuchi, K., ''Object shape and reflectance modeling from observation,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '97, ACM, 1997, pp. 379-387.
[29]
De Tolnay,C., ''Michelangelo,'' Princeton University Press, 1945.
[30]
Wood, D., Azuma, D., Aldinger,K., Curless, B., Duchamp, T., Salesin, D., Stuetzle, W., ''Surface Light Fields for 3D Photography,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH 2000 (these proceedings).
[31]
Yu, Y., Debevec, P., Malik, J., Hawkins, T., ''Inverse global illumination: recov-ering reflectance models of real scenes from photographs,'' Proc. SIGGRAPH '99, ACM, 1999, pp. 215-224.
[32]
Zhang, D., Hebert, M., ''Harmonic maps and their applications in surface matching,'' Proc. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) '99,IEEE, 1999, pp. 525-530.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Artificial intelligence-assisted restoration and visualization of knapped stone toolsPrehistoric Archaeology10.3724/2097-3063.202400161:2(207-223)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Intelligent Grinding System for Medium/Thick Plate Welding Seams in Construction Machinery Using 3D Laser Measurement and Deep LearningActuators10.3390/act1310041413:10(414)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Naked-eye 3D visualization of cultural relics based on integrated imagingHeritage Science10.1186/s40494-024-01462-412:1Online publication date: 28-Oct-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
SIGGRAPH '00: Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
July 2000
547 pages
ISBN:1581132085
  • cover image ACM Overlay Books
    Seminal Graphics Papers: Pushing the Boundaries, Volume 2
    August 2023
    893 pages
    ISBN:9798400708978
    DOI:10.1145/3596711
    • Editor:
    • Mary C. Whitton

Sponsors

Publisher

ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 July 2000

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Badges

  • Seminal Paper

Author Tags

  1. 3D scanning
  2. cultural heritage
  3. graphics systems
  4. mesh generation
  5. range images
  6. rangefinding
  7. reflectance and shading models
  8. sensor fusion

Qualifiers

  • Article

Conference

SIGGRAPH00
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

SIGGRAPH '00 Paper Acceptance Rate 59 of 304 submissions, 19%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 1,822 of 8,601 submissions, 21%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)541
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)98
Reflects downloads up to 13 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Artificial intelligence-assisted restoration and visualization of knapped stone toolsPrehistoric Archaeology10.3724/2097-3063.202400161:2(207-223)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Intelligent Grinding System for Medium/Thick Plate Welding Seams in Construction Machinery Using 3D Laser Measurement and Deep LearningActuators10.3390/act1310041413:10(414)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Naked-eye 3D visualization of cultural relics based on integrated imagingHeritage Science10.1186/s40494-024-01462-412:1Online publication date: 28-Oct-2024
  • (2024)MonoGaussianAvatar: Monocular Gaussian Point-based Head AvatarACM SIGGRAPH 2024 Conference Papers10.1145/3641519.3657499(1-9)Online publication date: 13-Jul-2024
  • (2024)NeedLR: Streamlining Point Cloud Annotation for Enhanced Machine Learning IntegrationPractice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing 2024: Human Powered Computing10.1145/3626203.3670552(1-4)Online publication date: 17-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Terahertz Light-Field Imaging With Silicon TechnologiesIEEE Open Journal of the Solid-State Circuits Society10.1109/OJSSCS.2023.33289754(1-11)Online publication date: 2024
  • (2024)Gaussian Head Avatar: Ultra High-Fidelity Head Avatar via Dynamic Gaussians2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)10.1109/CVPR52733.2024.00189(1931-1941)Online publication date: 16-Jun-2024
  • (2024)Mapping the landscape of digital cultural heritage research: a quantitative and visual bibliometric studyLibrary Hi Tech10.1108/LHT-09-2023-0465Online publication date: 20-Jun-2024
  • (2024)Geodetic control of the technical condition of buildingsE3S Web of Conferences10.1051/e3sconf/202458301016583(01016)Online publication date: 25-Oct-2024
  • (2024)The SVD-enhanced bees algorithm, a novel procedure for point cloud registrationSwarm and Evolutionary Computation10.1016/j.swevo.2024.10159088(101590)Online publication date: Jul-2024
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Get Access

Login options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media