Conveyance of Water - New
Conveyance of Water - New
Conveyance of Water - New
Or
in which, f = coefficient of friction; L = Length of pipe (m) ; V =
velocity of flow (m/s) ; D = internal pipe diameter (m); g=
acceleration due to gravity (=9.81 m/s2) and Q = pipe discharge
(m3/s) .
The friction factor f generally varies from 0.02 (for new smooth
pipes) to 0.075 (for old rough pipes
• Hazen Williams formula
The head loss is given by
OR
• Manning’s formula
Or
Where V is in m/s and g is in m/sec2
Pipe materials:
There are different pipes used for the water supply,
1. Metallic pipes (CI, DI, MS, GI)
Unlined metallic pipes
Metallic pipes lined with cement mortar or epoxy lining
2. Non-metallic pipes
Reinforced concrete, pre-stressed concrete, asbestos
cement
Plastic pipes: PVC, Polyethylene, glass reinforced plastic
etc.
The choice of the pipe material depends on several technical factors, including
internal pressures, coefficient of roughness, hydraulic and operating conditions,
max. permissible diameter, internal and external corrosion problems, laying and
jointing, type of soil etc.