Water Supply and Distributin
Water Supply and Distributin
Water Supply and Distributin
AP-227
Water Supply System
Water Supply System
Water Distribution System
For efficient distribution system adequate water pressure required
at various points.
1. Gravity system
2. Pumping system
3. Combined Gravity and Pumping
1. Gravity based supply system
AT MUNICIPAL LEVEL
This includes the network of trunk
mains and street mains.
Municipality is responsible for the
distribution of water from the service
reservoir till it reaches the street mains.
❖The distribution pipes are generally laid below the road pavements, and as
suchtheir layouts generally follow the layouts of roads.
❖There are general, four different types of pipenetworks; any one of which
either single or in combinations, can be used for a particular place.
The methods adopted for laying distribution pipes at town planning level are:
➢ Dead End System
➢ Radial System
➢ RIng System
1. Dead end distribution system
It is suitable for old towns and cities having no different
pattern of roads
Advantage
➢ Relatively cheap
➢ Determination of discharge and pressure easier due
toless number of valves.
Disadvantage
Advantage
❖ Water is kept in good circulation due to absence of
dead ends
Disadvantage:-
Advantages
❖ It gives quickservice
Advantages
➢Water can be supplied to any point from
atleast two directions.
DISTRIBUTION RESERVOIRS
Distribution reservoirs, also called service reservoirs, are
the storage reservoirs, which store the treated water for
supplying water during emergencies ( such as during
fires, repairs, etc.) and also to help in absorbing the
hourly fluctuations in the normal water demand.
Function of distributionreservoirs-
It may be classifiedinto...
➢ Surfacereservoirs
➢ Elevated reservoirs
Surface reservoirs
➢ R.C.C.Tanks
➢ G.I. Tanks
➢ H.D.P.ETanks
R.C.C.TANKS:-
❖ It is of reinforced concrete cement.
❖ They have long life.
❖ Very little maintenance.
❖ Decent appearance.
G.I. TANKS
❖ It is if galvanized iron.
❖ Corrosion of metaloccurs
❖ Cheap in cost
f. Lead Pipes
1. Concrete Pipes
For heavy drainage water disposal, concrete
pipes of large diameters are used.
Smaller diameter pipes are used for small
flows.
These are made of concrete only; no
reinforcement is provided.
These are pre casted pipes.
2. Cast Iron Pipes
These are made by pouring molten iron into sand
molds.
These are used for rain water disposal, waste
water disposal etc.
They are available only in shorter lengths.
3. Stoneware Pipes