the

global
city

Krystal Del Rosario

WMSU Edelyn Cuarto Cruz
Gladys Duhaylungsod
Jayricka Paredes
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 What is a Global City?
• A global city is a term used to describe a
city that has significant influence on global
trade, finance, culture, and politics. These
cities are typically centers of economic
activity, with large populations and a highly
developed infrastructure. Some examples
of global cities include New York, London,
Tokyo, and Hong Kong

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What makes a Global City?

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1. Economic activity
Global cities are centers of economic
activity, with large and diverse economies.
They often serve as hubs for international
trade and finance, with major corporations
and financial institutions headquartered
there. They also attract skilled workers from
around the world, who help to drive
innovation and growth.

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2. Infrastructure
Global cities have world-class infrastructure,
including airports, ports, highways, and
public transportation systems. They also
have a wide range of amenities, such as
cultural institutions, restaurants, and
shopping centers.

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3. Diversity
Global cities are typically very diverse, with
large populations of immigrants and people
from different ethnic and cultural
backgrounds. This diversity helps to create a
vibrant and dynamic social environment, as
well as fostering creativity and innovation.

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4. Political Influence
Global cities often have significant political
influence, both domestically and
internationally. They may be centers of
government or have a high degree of
autonomy within their countries. They may
also have a strong voice in international
organizations and global governance
structures.

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Why are global cities important?

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1. Economic Growth
Global cities are major drivers of economic
growth, both for their countries and for the
world as a whole. They attract investment
and create jobs, and their economies often
grow faster than those of other cities or
regions.

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2. Innovation
Global cities are centers of innovation and
creativity, with a high concentration of skilled
workers and entrepreneurs. They often
produce groundbreaking ideas and
technologies that have a significant impact
on the world.

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3. Cultural Exchange
Global cities are hubs of cultural exchange,
with people from all over the world coming
together and sharing their ideas and
perspectives. This helps to promote
understanding and tolerance, and can have
a positive impact on global relations.

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Challenges of global cities
1. Inequality
Global cities often have high levels of
inequality, with a small wealthy elite living
alongside a large population of low-income
workers. This can lead to social unrest and
political instability.

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2. Housing
Global cities often face a shortage of
affordable housing, as demand for housing
outstrips supply. This can lead to
gentrification and displacement of low-
income residents.

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3. Environmental Issue
Global cities are often major
contributors to climate change and
other environmental issues, with high
levels of carbon emissions and
pollution.

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4. Security
Global cities are often targets for
terrorism and other forms of
violence, and must invest
significant resources in security
measures.

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In conclusion, global cities are
important centers of economic, cultural,
and political activity, with significant
influence on the world stage. While
they offer many benefits, they also face
a number of challenges that must be
addressed in order to ensure their
continued success and sustainability
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 Global
demography
Mary Ann Palmes
WMSU Jelina Emoricha
Rosalyn Pantaleon

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What is demography?

is the study of human population dynamics,

including changes in population size,
structure, and distribution over time. Global
demography, then, is the study of these
dynamics on a global scale.

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The world's population has grown
rapidly over the past century, from just
over 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 7.9
billion in 2021. This growth has been
driven by a combination of factors,
including advances in medicine,
improvements in sanitation and
nutrition, and a decline in mortality
rates. 19
• undergoing significant changes in its
age structure, fertility rates, and
migration patterns.

• these changes have important

implications for a wide range of
social, economic, and environmental
issues.
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• aging of the global population.
• life expectancies have
increased and fertility rates
have declined, the proportion
of older people in the
population has risen.

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• This trend has important implications
for issues such as healthcare,
retirement, and social welfare. There
may also be changes in retirement
patterns and workforce participation,
as people live longer and healthier
lives.

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• Another important demographic
trend is the decline in fertility rates
in many parts of the world.

• population aging and declining

population growth rates

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• Migration is another important
demographic trend, as people move
from one country or region to another
for a variety of reasons, including
economic opportunities, political
instability, and environmental factors.

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• Migration can have both
positive and negative
impacts.

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• Environmental factors such as climate
change and resource depletion are
also important demographic trends,
as they can have significant impacts
on population growth, migration
patterns, and social and economic
systems

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 migration

Shem Eucogco
WMSU Kathleen Dumandan
Shendy Montero
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What is migration?
• Migration is the movement of people
from one place to another, either
within a country or across
international borders. Global
migration, then, is the movement of
people across national borders on a
global scale.

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• Migration has been a part of
human history for centuries,
driven by a variety of factors,
including economic opportunities,
political instability, and
environmental factors.

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• There are many different types of
migrants, including economic
migrants, refugees, and asylum
seekers.

1. Economic migrants are those who move

to another country in search of better
economic opportunities, such as
employment or higher wages.

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2. Refugees are those who are forced
to flee their home country due to
persecution, conflict, or violence.

3. Asylum seekers are those who have

applied for refugee status but have not
yet been granted it.

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• Migration has important
economic, social, and political
implications for both the
countries of origin and the
countries of destination.

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• For the countries of destination,
migration can bring both
economic benefits and
challenges. However, migration
can also create social and
economic tensions, as well as
challenges related to integration
and assimilation.
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• One of the key challenges related to
migration is the issue of irregular or
illegal migration. Many migrants may
be forced to migrate without proper
documentation, which can make them
vulnerable to exploitation and abuse.
This can also create challenges for
governments in terms of managing
border control and ensuring the safety
and security of their citizens
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• The issue of refugees and asylum seekers
is another important aspect of global
migration. In recent years, there has been
a surge in the number of refugees and
asylum seekers worldwide, due to conflicts
and instability in regions such as Syria,
Afghanistan, and Venezuela. The refugee
crisis has created significant challenges
for countries around the world, including
managing large numbers of refugees and
providing them with the necessary
resources and support. 35
• In conclusion, global
migration is a complex and
multifaceted issue, with
important economic, social,
and political implications.

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 RESEARCH
PROPOSAL
WRITING
ROJEN MARK OBEDO
WMSU NECA DOLAR
DANNY KIM PIGAR
ROSE LYNN PAALISBO
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What is a Research Proposal?
• A research proposal is a document that
outlines a proposed research project or
study. It provides an overview of the
research problem or question, the
research methodology, and the expected
results and significance of the study. A
research proposal typically includes an
introduction, literature review, research
methodology, expected results, timeline,
and budget.
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• It is used to persuade others that the
proposed research is important and
feasible, and to secure funding or
support for the research project.
• The number of chapters in a research
project can vary depending on the
research topic, research
methodology, and the requirements of
the academic institution or the funding
agency.
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Research Title
A research title is a brief statement that
summarizes the main idea of the
research project. It should be concise,
descriptive, and informative to give
readers a clear idea of the study's
focus.

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Here are some tips on how to
make a good research title:

1. Use clear and concise language.

2. Use keywords
3. Be specific
4. Be creative
5. Keep it short
6. Check for accuracy

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Examples
 
of good research titles
• "The Effects of Exercise on Mental Health: A
Randomized Controlled Trial."

• "Exploring the Impact of Social Media on

Adolescent Well-being: A Longitudinal Study."

• "A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and
Psychodynamic Therapy for Treating
Depression."
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Some examples of bad research
 titles:
• "Research Paper"
• "Study of the Effectiveness of a New
Product"
• "My Research Project“
These titles are too general, vague, and
do not provide any information on the
research topic or objectives. It is important
to avoid these types of titles and choose
something more specific and informative.
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Chapter I
Introduction
this chapter provides the background
information on the research topic and
outlines the research questions,
objectives, and hypotheses.

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I. Background of the Study
The background of a research study
provides the reader with an overview of the
research problem. It aims to present the
context and scope of the research by
describing what is already known about the
topic and identifying gaps in knowledge or
areas that need further investigation.

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II. Conceptual Framework
• A conceptual framework is a tool that
researchers use to explain the main
concepts, variables, relationships,
and assumptions that underlie their
research study.

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III. Hypothesis
• A hypothesis is a statement that explains
the relationship between variables in a
research study. It is a tentative proposition
that can be tested through further
investigation and data analysis. In simpler
terms, a hypothesis is an educated guess
or prediction about what the researcher
expects to find in their study.

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• In statistical hypothesis testing,
there are two types of
hypotheses: the alternative
hypothesis and the null
hypothesis.

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Alternative Hypothesis (H1)
• is a statement that suggests that
there is a significant relationship
between two variables or that there is
a significant difference between two
groups. It is the hypothesis that the
researcher wants to prove or support.

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Null Hypothesis (HO)
is a statement that suggests that
there is no significant relationship
between two variables or that there
is no significant difference between
two groups. It is the hypothesis that
the researcher wants to reject or
disprove.
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IV. Statement of the Problem
is a clear and concise description of the
research issue or problem that the
study intends to investigate. It outlines
the main research question and the
specific objectives of the study. It is
typically presented at the beginning of
a research paper or thesis and serves
as a guide for the rest of the study.
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Some important elements to include in
the statement of the problem are
• The research question: What is the main research question or problem that
the study aims to investigate?
 
• The research objective: What are the specific objectives of the study and
how do they relate to the research question?
 
• The scope of the study: What is the geographic, temporal or subject scope
of the study?
 
• The significance of the study: Why is the study important and what are its
potential contributions to the field of research?
 
• The limitations of the study: What are the potential limitations or challenges
that the study may face?

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V. Significance of the Study
refers to the importance and relevance
of its potential contribution to the
existing knowledge base. In other
words, it explains how the research
project will make a difference or have
an impact on the field of study or the
society as a whole.

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Some of the common reasons why a study
may be considered significant include:
 

1. Filling a gap in the literature

2. Advancing knowledge
3. Providing practical applications
4. Improving existing methodologies
5. Addressing societal issues

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