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Week 2 - Egyptian Love Poems

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EGYPTIAN LOVE POEMS

 Pyramids, mummies, tombs, and other icons of aristocracy and the


afterlife dominate our images of ancient Egypt. But love poems
composed thousands of years ago may provide a more intimate glimpse
of the lives of everyday ancient Egyptians.
 "Poetry is perhaps the greatest forgotten treasure of ancient Egypt," 
 Written during Egypt's New Kingdom (1539-1075 B.C.) but likely
composed much earlier, these songs are surprisingly direct about love
and romance in ancient Egypt, using metaphors, repetition, and other
poetic techniques familiar to poetry readers today.
 The Flower Song (Excerpt)

To hear your voice is pomegranate wine to me:


I draw life from hearing it.
Could I see you with every glance,
It would be better for me
Than to eat or to drink.

(Translated by M.V. Fox)


FROM HIEROGLYPHICS TO HYMNS

 The earliest poetry in Egypt was likely part of an oral tradition. Hymns, stories, and
prayers were passed down from speaker to speaker. It's likely that only one person out of
every hundred could read and write.
 The Egyptian hieroglyphic writing system was likely invented to help with trade, allowing
merchants record their wares and account for their stock. Later hieroglyphic writing
found on nobles' tombs gave biographical accounts of the tombs' occupants for passersby
to read. Over time, longer biographies, narrative poems, and songs also began to appear.
 To read ancient Egyptian poetry and other writings is a two-step process. Much of the
writing was done in hieratic script, a shorthand form of hieroglyphs. "When you have to
write all of these beautiful [hieroglyphs] of birds, men, and women, it takes days to write
a letter to your grandmother”.
 To begin deciphering the ancient texts, experts use detailed photographs of excavated
writings, along with their own observations of actual artifacts, if possible. They then
translates hieratic writing into hieroglyphs. From there, they gives sounds to the
hieroglyphic consonants and pieces out words, sentences, and entire passages.
 Historical tales and hymns had been inscribed inside tomb walls, written on papyrus, and
often scribbled onto shards of limestone pottery.
Love Poems From the Workers' Village
 Archaeologists have discovered most of Egypt's love poetry in Deir el-Medina,
a village of tomb builders during the New Kingdom. Here, many skilled
artisans worked on the tombs of pharaohs such as Ramses II and
Tutankhamun.
 Findings indicate that these villagers may have been remarkably literate for
their time. The local community—not just the scribes and students—may have
contributed to the poetry of Deir el-Medina.
 The love poems were likely set to music and used events from daily life and the
natural world—growing grain, capturing birds, fishing along the Nile—as
metaphors to talk about love.
 Women's voices were strong in Egyptian poetry—as the narrators of poems or
as lovers making choices about their beloveds, for example. This strength
confirms that women had a higher position in ancient Egyptian culture than in
other societies at the time, Wilfong said. Women may even have written some
EGYPTIAN LOVE POEMS

The Beginning of the Song that Diverts the Heart


 Women in classical Egyptian, Indian, and Persian literature are depicted as being more than just
one dimensional figures. They are displayed as living beings, capable of emotion and exercising
power amongst men. Ancient history has shown that in places such as Egypt, woman had equal
rights alongside men, in regards to legal and economic rights. At the time, rights were based on
economic class and not gender. By having a rights system that mimicked that of men’s rights,
Egyptian women were able to show their multi-dimensionality. This multi-dimensionality was best
portrayed in love poems such as “The Beginning of the Song that Diverts the Heart,”

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