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    Structuralism: - Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913)

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    Darlyn Bucayon
    Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) was a Swiss linguist who is considered the father of modern linguistics. He taught a course in general linguistics from 1907-1911 that was influential in establishing structuralism. Saussure argued that language exists as both langue, the shared system of a society, and parole, individual speech acts. He defined the basic unit of language as the linguistic sign, composed of the signifier (sound pattern) and signified (concept). Saussure also distinguished between synchronic study of a language at a single time and diachronic study of its evolution over periods of time.

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    Structuralism: - Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913)

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    Darlyn Bucayon
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    Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) was a Swiss linguist who is considered the father of modern linguistics. He taught a course in general linguistics from 1907-1911 that was influential in establishing structuralism. Saussure argued that language exists as both langue, the shared system of a society, and parole, individual speech acts. He defined the basic unit of language as the linguistic sign, composed of the signifier (sound pattern) and signified (concept). Saussure also distinguished between synchronic study of a language at a single time and diachronic study of its evolution over periods of time.

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    Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) was a Swiss linguist who is considered the father of modern linguistics. He taught a course in general linguistics from 1907-1911 that was influential in establishing structuralism. Saussure argued that language exists as both langue, the shared system of a society, and parole, individual speech acts. He defined the basic unit of language as the linguistic sign, composed of the signifier (sound pattern) and signified (concept). Saussure also distinguished between synchronic study of a language at a single time and diachronic study of its evolution over periods of time.

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    100 views16 pages

    Structuralism: - Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913)

    Uploaded by

    Darlyn Bucayon
    Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) was a Swiss linguist who is considered the father of modern linguistics. He taught a course in general linguistics from 1907-1911 that was influential in establishing structuralism. Saussure argued that language exists as both langue, the shared system of a society, and parole, individual speech acts. He defined the basic unit of language as the linguistic sign, composed of the signifier (sound pattern) and signified (concept). Saussure also distinguished between synchronic study of a language at a single time and diachronic study of its evolution over periods of time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Structuralism

    •Ferdinand de Saussure
    (1857-1913)
    • Father of Modern Linguistics
    Outline

    1. Life (F. De Saussure)


    2. Language: langue/parole
    3. Sign: signifier/signified
    4. Synchronic/Diachronic
    4. Relations: syntagmatic/paradigmatic
    Bionote
    • Born on 1857 at Geneva
    • Studied Latin, Greek,
    chemistry, theology and law
    at University of Geneva
    • 1880 awarded doctorate at
    University Leipzig (Germany)
    • Taught ancient Sanskrit for
    21 years
    • 1907 – 1911 taught a course in General
    Linguistics
    • died in 1913
    • Course in General Linguistics (1916)
    Language
    • Language has a structure.
    • Language is a system of signs
    • Language operates at two levels: langue and
    parole
    Synchronic and Diachronic

    1900

    Synchronic: confined to one point of view in order to show


    the whole language system (Static linguistics)
    o Diachronic: traces evolution of language, looking not at the
    whole system but at individual elements of it at different
    times (Evolutionary linguistics)
    Language
    Abstract vs. Concrete sense
    Langue vs Parole

    Linguistic competence

    Langue - the shared system of language in a society


     the formal structure of language
    Parole - “living language” or individual speech act
     the way language is employed in actual speech

    Parole Langue

    (what the individual speaks) (what is shared by the community)


    Language is a system of Signs

    “The linguistic sign unites, not a thing


    and a name, but a concept and a sound-
    image” (De Saussure)

    Linguistic Sign= Signifier + Signified


    Signifier: a sound image
    Signified: the concept
    Signified (CONCEPT):
    Signifier (IMAGE): Valentine’s Day
    Bouquet of Roses

    SIGN:
    Product Consumption,
    expenditure of money, a
    romantic obligation
    ARBITRARINESS

    no natural resemblance


    convention

    arbor, puno, baum, tree


    Relations

    • syntagmatic (concerning positioning): in prasentia


    S+V+O

    • paradigmatic (concerning substitution):in absentia


    References

    Saussure, Ferdinand. Course in General Linguistics. Ed. Charles


    Bally and Albert Reidlinger. Trans. Wade Baskin. New York:
    Philosophical Library, 1959.

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