Analysis of Food Production and

Population Growth
Philippine Populations
• Population: 83.7 million (2006) 91, 077, 287 (July 2007 est.)
• Age Structure: 0-14 years: 34.5% (male 16, 043, 257/
female 15, 415,334)
15-64 years: 61.3% (male 27,849,584/
female 28,008,293)
65 years and over: 4.1% (male 1,631,866/
female 2,128,953)
• Population Growth rate:2.6% annually (highest in Asia) the country’s
population is projected to reach 118.4M in 2025 and 147.3M in 2050
Philippine Populations
• Birth rate: 24.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
• Death rate: 5.36 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
• Net migration rate:-1.48 migrants/1,000 population (2007 est.)
• Sex ratio: at birth:1.0 male/female
under 15 years: 1.0141 male/female
5-64 years: 0.994 male/female
65 years and over: 0.767 male/female
Total population: 0.999 male/female (2007 est.)
• Population below poverty line: 32.9%
 Labor Force
40 million (2011 est.)
Labor force- by occupation
agriculture: 33%
industry: 15%
services: 52% (2010 est.)

Unemployment rate
7% (2011 est.)
7.3% (2010 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

Total: 17.4%
Male: 16.2%
Female: 19.3% (2009)
Malthus Principle of Population
The essential element was
that population grew
geometrically while food
increased arithmetically
Malthus Principle of Population
Malthus Principle of Population
• Moral Restraint
According to Malthus, the only acceptable means of preventing a
birth: postpone marriage, remaining chaste in the meantime.
• Means of subsistence- ultimate check to growth
Competing Stands on Populations in the
Philippines
The catholic Church
 Encourage families to have as
many children as they can raise
and educate well
 Approves only natural family-
planning methods
 Would not support any form of
artificial contraception
 Any form of artificial is anti-life
 Competing Stands on Populations in the
Philippines
The State:
 In educating teenagers, this would
expose them to the use of artificial
contraceptives like condoms and
pills
 We will orient teenagers about the
responsibility of not having
children at an early age but we
will not tell them that they are free
to use condoms and contraceptives
Why a Birth Control Policy?
• Government’s Response
Such a population policy is urgently needed to stop the
worsening maternal and child deaths brought about by
unplanned pregnancies in the country.
The United Nations Population Fund has estimated that
more than 400, 000 women out their lives at risk each year
Philippines.
To curb population growth, which is a major of poverty
Women’s Groups
 Promote, defend and uphold the rights of
women
 Supports artificial contraception and other
methods
 Supports sex education
 Pushes for increased government support
in improving access to family planning
services
 Pushes for access to modern
contraceptives and its distribution, even in
rural area, as part of the rights of women
A survey conducted by the polling group Social
Weather Station last year found out the following:
 20% of Filipino women
aged between 18-24
admitted taking
contraceptives pills.
 2% used condoms
 70% of Filipinos were not
using any family planning
methods.
 Substantial societal changes have improved Filipino
women’s lives and influenced their family-size goals.
Fertility has fallen considerably, and women want even
fewer children than they typically have.
 Almost half of recent births
were either not wanted at all or
not wanted at the time.
 At the national level, this
situation has not improved over
the last decade; in some
regions, unplanned
childbearing has increased.
 Non use of contraception and
increasing use of traditional
methods contribute to the high
level of unplanned pregnancy.
 Half of married women do not
want a child soon, or want no
more children, but are using a
modern contraceptive.
 An estimated 400,00 women
from all regions and
backgrounds have illegal
abortions each year;
approximately 100,000 are
hospitalized for related
complications.
 Poor access to modern
contraceptives, a reflection of a
lack of social and political
support, is a major obstacle to
wider use.
 Increased government support
and resources are needed at all
levels to improve access to
family planning services.
Hunger and Food
Industry
Widespread
Hunger and Food Industry Widespread
• About 1 billion people (out of every 7 people in the world) suffer
hunger.
 1.4 billion people live on less than $1.25 per day
 2.6 billion (almost 40% of the world’s population) live on less than $2.00 per day
• Hunger is due mainly to poverty
 The rich in no country go hungry except in times of war, natural disaster or politically-
imposed famine
• To solve the world’s hunger problem, the world poverty problem must
be solved.
• 70% of the extreme poor live rural areas.
 Most are farmers, most are net food buyers
 i n t he W
pe op le
el l dev hile th
a r e d w elop ose
Why ped worl are i ng c in
eve lo less oun
d fed? wel trie
l fed s
?

One major factor: developed

world has 45% or arable land but
only 25% of population
Higher Food Process Increase the Incidence
of Hunger
• Low income people spend a large fraction of their incomes on food, so
higher food prices reduce the purchasing power of their meager
incomes.
Higher Food Process Increase the Incidence
of Hunger
• The 2007-2008 price spike increased number of people suffering
hunger from 925 million to over 1 billion and aggravated by political
crises in many countries
 Squatting Trends in the Philippines
Population Growth and Urbanization
The Philippines is the world’s 12 the most
populous country, with a population of over 85
million as of 2005
The Philippines has one of the highest population
growth rates in the world at an average of 2.36%
observed in the last eight years.
Of the total population of 76 million (2003), 40
million (52%) live in urban areas. By 2010, urban
population is projected to increase to 56 million
(60%)
 Squatting Trends in the Philippines
Metro Manila (Capital) – is now the 17th
among the world’s population urban
agglomerations and will rise to the 15th by
2015. (Philippine Population Commission)
 at least one third of the Philippine’s
population concentrated in its four towns
and 13 cities.
 Where 2/3 of the total population reside
and more than 50% of its 11 million
population live in slums or depressed
areas.
Agriculture Population
Food Vs. Population
Aggregate food production has grown dramatically in past 100 years.
Two main sources of increases in food production:
1. Area Expansion
2. Technical Progress
Indicator of growth in food production:
Long-term trend prices has been downward, but concerns about a
slowdown in food production have been raised.
Projected World food Demand
• World food demand to grow 70-80% by 2050
 40% increase farm world population growth-
from 7.0 to 9.6 billion- almost all in developing
countries.
30-40% increase form broad-based economic
growth in low income countries
The Land Constraint
• There is at most 12% more arable land available worldwide that isn't
presently forested or subject to erosion or desertification and,…
• Loss and degradation of many soils continues:
I. Urbanization and infrastructure construction
II. Nutrient mining
III. Erosion
IV. Desertification
V. Natural reserves
VI. Reforestation
The Land Constraint
• The area of land in farm production could be
doubled…
- But only massive destruction of forest and loss of wildlife
habitat, biodiversity and carbon sequestration capacity.

• The only environmentally sustainable alternative is to

double productivity on the fertile, non-erodible soils
already in crop production.
Water A Growing Constraint
• Farmers use 70% of the fresh
water used in the world.
• With raid urbanization, cities
are likely to outbid agriculture
for available water.
 Agriculturally Important Effects of Climate
Change
• Warming greater over land than over water and greatest at
higher latitudes.
• Increase spatial distribution of precipitation.
- Largest reduction in subtropics (especially on their
poleward edges.)
- Largest increase in higher latitudes
- Increase under monsoons
• Increased frequency of extreme events, such as droughts and
flooding.
 Need Large Increase in Food System
Productivity
• Make presently unusable soils productive
• Increase genetic potential (of individual crops and/or farming
system)
• Achieve as much a of that potential as possible by:
- Improving nutrition of that crop
- Increasing water availability and control
- Reducing competition from weeds for water, nutrients and sunlight
- Reducing losses from disease and insects
• Reduce post-harvest losses