Music of India

Music of India
● Indian classical music
● Folk
● Popular
● Rock
Music of India
● Indian classical music
● Folk
● Popular
● Rock

Can be found in Vedas.

Music of India
● Indian classical music
● Folk
● Popular
● Rock

Can be found in Vedas.

Music of India
● Indian classical music
● Folk
● Popular
● Rock

Can be found in Vedas.

Vedas - oldest Hindu scriptures.

Samaveda - is the veda of melodies and chants.
Samaveda - is the veda of melodies and chants.

● foundation of Indian music

Samaveda - is the veda of melodies and chants.

● foundation of Indian music

● it consists hymns of Rigveda
Rigveda - a large collection of hymns in praise of the gods, which are chanted in various rituals.
Rigveda - a large collection of hymns in praise of the gods, which are chanted in various rituals.

● According to the Puranic tradition, Veda Vyasa compiled all the four Vedas, along with the Mahabharata and the Puranas.
Rigveda - a large collection of hymns in praise of the gods, which are chanted in various rituals.

● According to the Puranic tradition, Veda Vyasa compiled all the four Vedas, along with the Mahabharata and the Puranas.
● Vedict Sacrifice - Yagna literally means “sacrifice, devotion, worship, offering”,and refers to Hinduism to any ritual done in
front a sacred fire, often with mantras.
Rigveda - a large collection of hymns in praise of the gods, which are chanted in various rituals.

Born: Kalpi, India

Full name: Krishna Dvaipayana Veda Vyasa
Parents: Satyavati, Parashara
Movies: The Mahabharata, Mahabharat, Mahavir Karna, Draupadi, Karnan,
Mahaveera Bheeman, Karna
Children: Shuka, Pandu, Dhritarashtra

● According to the Puranic tradition, Veda Vyasa compiled all the four Vedas, along with the Mahabharata and the Puranas.
● Vedict Sacrifice - Yagna literally means “sacrifice, devotion, worship, offering”,and refers to Hinduism to any ritual done in
front of a sacred fire, often with mantras.
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Hindustani
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
● derived from Karnātaka Sangītam “traditional”
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
● derived from Karnātaka Sangītam “traditional”
● Islamic Delhi Sultanate
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
● derived from Karnātaka Sangītam “traditional”
● Islamic Delhi Sultanate
○ Islamic Empire based in Delhi tha stretched over parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
● derived from Karnātaka Sangītam “traditional”
● Islamic Delhi Sultanate
○ Islamic Empire based in Delhi tha stretched over parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years

Hindustani music
● found in the northern and central parts of Asia
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
● derived from Karnātaka Sangītam “traditional”
● Islamic Delhi Sultanate
○ Islamic Empire based in Delhi tha stretched over parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years

Hindustani music
● found in the northern and central parts of Asia
● absorbed Persian and Turkic features
Two Main Traditions of Indian Classical music
● Carnatic
● Hindustani

Carnatic music
● found predominantly in peninsular regions of India
● derived from Karnātaka Sangītam “traditional”
● Islamic Delhi Sultanate
○ Islamic Empire based in Delhi tha stretched over parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years

Hindustani music
● found in the northern and central parts of Asia
● absorbed Persian and Turkic features

1. Turkey
2. Azerbaijan
3. Turkmenistan
4. Uzbekistan
5. Kazakhstan
6. Kyrgyz Republic
Indian Classical music
Indian Classical music

● Has one of the most complex and complete musical system

Indian Classical music

● Has one of the most complex and complete musical system

● Divides the octave into 12 semitones
Indian Classical music

● Has one of the most complex and complete musical system

● Divides the octave into 12 semitones
○ basic 7 notes are (Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni Sa)
○ base frequency is not fixed
Indian Classical music

● Has one of the most complex and complete musical system

● Divides the octave into 12 semitones
○ basic 7 notes are (Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni Sa)
○ base frequency is not fixed
Indian Classical music

● Has one of the most complex and complete musical system

● Divides the octave into 12 semitones
○ basic 7 notes are (Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni Sa)
○ base frequency is not fixed
Indian Classical music

● Has one of the most complex and complete musical system

● Divides the octave into 12 semitones
○ basic 7 notes are (Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni Sa)
○ base frequency is not fixed

● Found in many ancient religious texts (Ramayana and Mahabharata)

Musical Elements

● Medium
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
● Melody
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
● Melody
○ Based on 72 types of scales
○ RAGA - Indian term for scale/melody
○ “That which color the mind”, literal translation of the word RAGA.
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
● Melody
○ Based on 72 types of scales
○ RAGA - Indian term for scale/melody
○ “That which color the mind”, literal translation of the word RAGA.
● Harmony
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
● Melody
○ Based on 72 types of scales
○ RAGA - Indian term for scale/melody
○ “That which color the mind”, literal translation of the word RAGA.
● Harmony
○ Chord structure in the Western does not exist
○ Tambura (a string instrument) -the drone sound
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
● Melody
○ Based on 72 types of scales
○ RAGA - Indian term for scale/melody
○ “That which color the mind”, literal translation of the word RAGA.
● Harmony
○ Chord structure in the Western does not exist
○ Tambura (a string instrument) -the drone sound
● Texture
Musical Elements

● Medium
○ Both use small ensembles
○ Consist one or two melodic instruments;
○ One or two percussion instruments
● Rhythm
○ Both share one of the most complex rhythmic systems in the world;
○ TALA - Indian term for rhythm
● Melody
○ Based on 72 types of scales
○ RAGA - Indian term for scale/melody
○ “That which color the mind”, literal translation of the word RAGA.
● Harmony
○ Chord structure in the Western does not exist
○ Tambura (a string instrument) -the drone sound
● Texture
○ Organized in 3 layers
i. Melodic soloist/accompaniment
ii. Drum accompaniment
iii. Drone-static accompaniment
Instruments and Their Classifications

North/Hindustani
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ Tabla - pair of drums
Tabla
Instruments and Their Classifications

North/Hindustani
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ Tabla - pair of drums

● Strings - melodic layer

○ Sitar (guitar-type)
○ Sarod (guitar-type)
Sitar
Sarod
Instruments and Their Classifications

North/Hindustani
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ Tabla - pair of drums

● Strings - melodic layer

○ Sitar (guitar-type)
○ Sarod (guitar-type)

● Winds - melodic layer

○ Bansuri (bamboo flute)
○ Shennai (oboe-like)
Bansuri
Instruments and Their Classifications

North/Hindustani
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ Tabla - pair of drums

● Strings - melodic layer

○ Sitar (guitar-type)
○ Sarod (guitar-type)

● Winds - melodic layer

○ Bansuri (bamboo flute)
○ Shennai (oboe-like)
Shennai
Instruments and Their Classifications (cont…)

South/Carnatic
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ mridangam - conical double headed drum
Instruments and Their Classifications (cont…)

South/Carnatic
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ mridangam - conical double headed drum

● Strings - melodic layer

○ veena (guitar-type)
○ violin (Western violin)
Veena
Instruments and Their Classifications (cont…)

South/Carnatic
● Percussion - rhythmic layer
○ mridangam - conical double headed drum

● Strings - melodic layer

○ veena (guitar-type)
○ violin (Western violin)

● Winds - melodic layer

○ nagasvaram (long oboe-like instrument)
○ saxophone (Western sax )
○ Vocal - melodic layer
Nagasvaram
TO BE CONTINUED...