Preliminary Test of Phytochemical Screening of Crude Ethanolic and Aqueous Extract of Moringa Pterygosperma Gaertn
Preliminary Test of Phytochemical Screening of Crude Ethanolic and Aqueous Extract of Moringa Pterygosperma Gaertn
Preliminary Test of Phytochemical Screening of Crude Ethanolic and Aqueous Extract of Moringa Pterygosperma Gaertn
E-ISSN: 2278-4136
P-ISSN: 2349-8234
JPP 2015; 4(1): 07-09
Received: 20-03-2015
Accepted: 17-04-2015
Rohit kumar Bargah
Assistant Professor,
Department of Chemistry,
Govt. S.P.M. College Sitapur
Distt -Surguja (Chhattisgarh)
India 497111
Correspondence:
Rohit kumar Bargah
Assistant Professor,
Department of Chemistry,
Govt. S.P.M. College Sitapur
Distt -Surguja (Chhattisgarh)
India 497111
1. Introduction
The medicinal plants are useful for healing as well as for curing of human diseases because of
the presence of phytochemical constituents [1]. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring in the
medicinal plants leaves, stem bark, fruits and roots that have defense mechanism and protect
from various diseases. Natural products from plants called secondary metabolites are the end
products of primary metabolites such as carbohydrates, amino acid, and chlorophyll lipid so
on. They are synthesis large variety of chemical substances known as secondary metabolites
which include alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycoside, saponia, tannins, phenolic
compounds etc. [2] the active principle of many drugs found in plants are secondary
metabolites. [3]. Therefor1e basic phytochemical investigation is vital. The identification and
isolation of such active compounds makes it more effective therapeutic application. It present
consumes from taking certain plants that have no medicinal value or poisonous to them. It will
lead to better understanding of diseases
Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn (Moringaceae), native to the western and sub Himalayan
region, India, Pakistan, Africa and Arabia is now distributed in the Philippines, Cambodia,
Central North and Caribbean Island [4]. The Moringa tree is cultivated and uses a vegetable
(leaves, green ponds, flower, roasted seed), for spice (roots), for cooking and cosmetic oil
(seeds) and all plants organs are a medicinal properties. [5]. It has an impressive range of
medicinal uses with high nutritional value. Different parts of these plants contain a profile of
important minerals and are a good source of protein, vitamins, beta carotenes, amino acid and
various phenolic compounds. its leaves have the calcium equivalent of four times that of milk,
the vitamin C content is seven times that of orange while its potassium is three times that of
bananas, three times the iron of spinach, four time, the amount of vitamin A carrots, and two
time the protein in milk [6]. Beside, Moringa is also suggested as a viable supplement of dietary
minerals.
Recently researchers have become convinced that the compounds derived from plants for
instance, phenolic, flavonoids and antioxidants compounds, do more in preventing different
disease. Moringa has been found to be a good source of poly phenols and antioxidants. The
leaves of Moringa pterygosperma have various biological activities including anticancer
activity, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, liver disease antimicrobial,
Anti-tumor, nervous disorder, anti-inflammation digestive disorders, skin disorders and
regulation of thyroid status [7, 8, 9].
~7~
Phytochemical
components
Tannins
Saponins
Alkaloids
Flavonoids
Terpenoids
Glycoside
Steroids
Phenols
Ethanol extract
aqueous extract
Stem
Stem
Flower
FlowerLeaves
Leaves
bark
bark
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
~8~
4. Conclusion
The Moringa pterygosperma plant is the source of the
secondary metabolites i.e. alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids,
steroids, tannins, saponins and reducing sugars. Medicinal
plant plays a vital role in preventing various diseases. The antidiuretic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-bacterial, antianalgesic, anti-oxidant, anti-abortifiecient of the various parts
of plants is due to the presence of the above mentioned
secondary metabolites. The phytochemical analysis of the
plants is also important and pharmaceuticals companies for the
novel drugs for treatment of various diseases. The present
study provides evidence that solvent extract of Moringa
pterygosperma contains medicinally important bioactive
compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as
traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases. Further
purification, identification and characterization of the bio
active chemical constituents compounds would be our priority
in future studies.
5. Reference
1. Nostro A, Germano MP, Danelo V, Marino A, Cannatelli
MA. Extraction methods and bio autography for
evaluation of medicinal plant antimicrobial activity; Lett.
Appl. Microbial 2000; 30:379-384.
2. Ghahi A. Introduction to pharmacognosy, Ahmadu Bello
University press, Ltd. Zaria, Nigeria, 1990, 45-47.
3. Dobelis IN. Magic and Medicine of plants. The Reader
Digest Association Inc., New York, Montreal, 1993, 8-48.
4. Morton JF. The horse radish tree: Moringa
Pterygosperma (Moringeceae), a boon to arid lands,
Economic Botany 1991; 45:318-333.
5. Rebecca HSU, Sharon M, Arbainyah A, Lucienne D.
Moringa Oliefera: Medicinal and Socio Economic uses,
international course on economic Botany, National
Herbarium Leiden, Netherlands, 2006, 2-6.
6. Aslam M, Anwar F, Nadeem R, Rashid U, Kazi TG,
Nadeem M. Mineral composition of Moringa oliefera
leaves and pods from different regions of Panjab,
Pakistan: J. Plant Sci 2005; 4:417-421.
7. Fahey JW. Moringa Oliefera: A review of the medicinal
evidence for its nutritional, therapeutic and prophylactis
properties, part I, Tree Life Journal, 2005, (1)5.
8. Caceres A, Saravia A, Rizzo S, Zabala L, Leon ED, Nave
F. Pharmacologic properties of Moringa Oliefera,
Screening for antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and
diuretic activity, J. Ethanopharmacol 1992; 36:233-237.
9. Nair R, Kalaria T, Sumitrachandra. Antibacterial activity
some selected Indian medicinal flora, Turak J. Biol 2005;
29:41-47.
10. Handa SS, Khanja SPS, Longo G, Rakesh DD. Extraction
Technologies for medicinal and Aromatic plants,
International Centre for Science and High Technology,
Trieste, 2008, 21-25.
11. Sofowara A. Phytochemical Screening of Nigerian
Medicinal Plants parts III, Lioyeria 1990; 41:234-246.
12. Trease GE, Evans WC. Pharmacognosy 11th edn,
Baillere Tindoll, London, 1989, 45-50.
13. Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods, Chapman and
Hall Ltd., London, 1973, 49-188.
14. Nikkon F, Saud A, Rahman MH, Haque ME. In vitro
antimicrobial activity of the compound isolated from
Moringa pterygosperma. Pakistan Journal of Biological
Sciences 2003; 6(22)1888-1890.
15. Del-Ri A, Obdululio BG, Casfillio J, Marin FG, Ortuno A.
~9~