SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI CHỌN ĐỘI TUYỂN DỰ THI HSG QUỐC GIA

PHÚ THỌ LỚP 12 THPT

LISTENING (40 POINTS)

Part 1 (10 points). Listen and choose the most suitable answer to each of the questions.
Winridge Forest Railway Park
1. Simon’s idea for a theme park came from ____________.
A. his childhood hobby B. his interest in landscape design
C. his acquisition of a farming land D. his visit to another park
2. When they started, the family decided to open the park only when ___________.
A. the weather was expected to be good B. the children weren’t at school
C. there were fewer farming commitments D. the wet weather set in
3. Since opening, the park has had _____________.
A. 50,000 visitors B. 1,000,000 visitors C. 1,500,000 visitors D. 500,000 visitors
4. The main idea of Liz’s work is currently___________.
A. advertising B. animal care C. staffing D. family concern
5. What is the area of the Go-Kart arena?
A. 1.2 km2 B. 120 m2 C. 12 km2 D. 12 m2

Part 2 (10 points). You will hear a man talking to a vet about his dog. For questions 6 – 10, decide
whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).

6. ______ The dog might have to be kept in the house.

7. ______ The dog’s mother is a mix of collie and setter.
8. ______ The vet seems to think that dogs are very brave.
9. ______ Mr. Robinson feeds his dog canned dog food and dog biscuits.
10. ______ Mr. Robinson is advised to buy a special flea spray from the vet.

Part 3 (20 points). For questions 11–20, listen to a piece of news from BBC about the Zika
outbreak in Brazil and fill in the missing information. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS
and/or A NUMBER.
Microcephaly is driving (11) ___________________ into the hearts of thousands of Brazilian families
and in many cases, mothers may not be aware of it until her baby is born.
(12) ___________________ helps to stimulate developmental problems associated with this defect.
While some physical effects like smaller-than-average head size may be obvious, some specialists say
it’s just the tip of the (13) ___________________.
Once the virus impacts pregnancy in the seventh or eighth month, there can be other consequences such
as visual and (14) ___________________, or even cognitive challenges.
(15) ___________________ is the zika virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitos.
With the health system already under strain, Brazil had the (16) ___________________ of preparing for
big sets of global events like this year’s Olympic Games.
While some countries have issued some very (17) ___________________, the real question is whether
Brazil itself can cope with the scale of the zika outbreak.
Right on the edge of the Olympic park, open sewage and lots of stagnant waters seems to be perfect
(18) ___________________.
All the authorities have so far said they might do is (19) ___________________ the areas in the run-up
to the Games.
With appalling levels of (20) ___________________ and a critical year ahead, this is developing into a
major public health crisis.
LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50 POINTS)
Part 1 (20 points). Choose the word/phrase that best completes each of the following sentences. Write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. The contemporary dialogue for me struck a slightly _______ note.
A. disembodied B. discordant C. dismissive D. disconcerting
2. We decided to celebrate by going out and painting the town _______.
A. red B. purple C. gold D. brown
3. The series became so popular that it was moved to the _______ time spot of 8 p.m.
A. leading B. prime C. main D. major
4. The current economic _______ is very good for small businesses.
A. disposition B. whirlwind C. climate D. daze
5. He hit the other boy reluctantly as his friends _______ him on.
A. happened B. egged C. ground D. played
6. The actors gave a very _______ performance, and the critics expressed their disapproval in their
reports the following day.
A. pie-in-the-sky B. run-of-the-mill
C. good-for-nothing D. behind-the-scene
7. He was _______ devastated by the news.
A. utterly B. extremely C. deeply D. immensely
8. To get his proposal accepted, the Finance Manager had to _______ heavy pressure from colleagues.
A. fend off B. laugh off C. send off D. push off
9. When attacked by his opponents, the general _______ with a strong justification for his policy.
A. hit back B. struck up C. leapt up D. pushed forward
10. Activities in the department store were _______ by animal rights activists protesting against the sale
of fur coats.
A. disorientated B. disrupted C. deranged D. disturbed
11. Ever since we quarreled in the office, Janice and I have been _______ enemies.
A. assured B. confirmed C. defined D. guaranteed
12. Police are _______ the town for the missing vehicle.
A. seeking B. looking C. investigating D. combing
13. The jury _______ her compliments on her excellent knowledge of the subject.
A. paid B. gave C. made D. said
14. He was blinded by the _______ of the approaching car’s headlights.
A. gleam B. glare C. glow D. flare
15. Don’t throw that away – it might _______.
A. come into use B. come into handy C. come in use D. come in handy
16. I am in a _______ as how to use this CD Rom.
A. loss B. difficulty C. quandary D. mind- game
17. The tournament isn’t over yet - not by a long _______.
A. talk B. chalk C. walk D. hawk
18. It is important to _______ your qualifications to use.
A. turn B. let C. get D. put
19. It cannot be denied that fireworks are a serious fire _______.
A. accident B. mishap C. danger D. hazard
20. My parents always had a happily _______ attitude to my staying out late in the evening.
A. cold- blooded B. long- suffering C. easy- going D. thick- skinned

Part 2 (10 points). Use the word given in capitals in brackets to form a word that fits in the space to
complete the passage. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Youngsters in their teens or even earlier sometimes (1. IDOL)______ film stars or other celebrities with
a kind of blind, devoted hero-worship. The objects of such (2. ADORE)______ are regarded as gods by
their (3. SMITE)______ worshippers. How sad that such devotion is almost always (4. REQUITE)
(though pop-stars have been known to marry their fans). Young people also sometimes develop an
irrational obsession for another, often older, person which is not an adult, mature feeling but simply a
youthful (5. INFATUATED)______. At parties a boy may (6. PLAY)________ try to attract a girl, or
vice versa, without intending any serious, lasting relationship. This is just a flirtation. A relationship
which gives deep and lasting happiness to both partners must not be (7. SIDE)______ (felt more
strongly by one of the pair than by the other). It should be based on a mutual love and respect, felt
equally by each of the two. Of course it can take many forms. It might be very deep but entail no
physical desire, in which case it is described as (8. PLATO)______ . Certainly, for any relationship to be
stable, the two people (9. INVOLVE)_______ must be compatible (they must get on well together). This
does not necessarily mean that they must have attitudes and interests in common, for partnerships of
(10. OPPOSE)______ can work very well. The different characters of the two people somehow
complement each other.
Your answer:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3 (10 points). For questions 1–10, fill in the gaps in the following sentences with suitable
particles. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
1. Their skin broke _________ in a terrible rash. They were allergic to strawberries.
2. Short skirts are _________ vogue now.
3. If you want to arrive before it is dark, you must press _________.
4. As a student , he took an evening job to keep the wolf _________ the door .
5. Parents should never dote _________ their children if they do not want to spoil them.
6. Ordering other people in the family _________ seems to run in his blood as he was a commander in
the army for ten years.
7. These students are picked _________ from no less than 50 applicants for the scholarship.
8. The group fell _________ when two or three members left and no one replaced them.
9. If a rebellion flared _________, the authorities would have to take immediate action.
10. It is thought that house prices have now finally bottomed _________.

Part 4 (10 points). The passage below contains 10 errors. Identify and correct them. Write your
answers in the space provided on the right.

1 The first self-service stores opened in America in the 1920s but they didn’t catch up in
2 Europe until later, when the French forged ahead with their massive hypermarkets. Britain lagged
3 behind. For the first self-service shop and the first supermarket were opened in the early 1940s, it
4 was thought that British housewives did not particularly want proficiency and speed. Surveys
5 showed that while American shoppers complained most about delays in check-out queues. British
6 ones rejected to being pushed and shoved by other customers.
7 The essence of supermarket shopping is personality, with no meditating salesman between
8 shopper and goods, only the ‘silent persuaders’ of packaging and display. Besides, there is a
9 current trend forward ‘boutiques’, with personal service, within supermarkets – the butcher, the
10 baker, the fishmonger – and small specialist shops and farmers’ markets are doing a comeback in
11 Britain. In France, where every self-respecting provincial town, ringed by supermarkets, retains
12 their specialist food shops and weekly street market, the traditional co-exists with the ancient.

Your answer:
Line Error Correction Line Error Correction
READING (60 POINTS)
Part 1 (15 points). Read the following passage and decide which answer best fits each numbered gap.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
THE INVENTION OF TELEVISION

Few inventions have (1)___ more scorn and praise (2)___ them at the same time than television.
And few have done so much to unite the world into one vast audience for news, sport, information and
entertainment. Television must be (3)___ alongside printing as one of the most significant inventions of
all time in the (4)___ of communications. In just a few decades it has reached (5)___ every home in the
developed world and an ever-increasing (6)___ of homes in developing countries. It took over half a
century from the first suggestion that television might be possible before the first (7)___ pictures were
produced in laboratories in Britain and America.
In 1926 John Logie Baird’s genius for publicity brought television to the (8)___ of a British
audience. It has since (9)___ such heights of success and taken on such a pivotal function that it is
difficult to imagine a world (10)___ of this groundbreaking invention.
1. A. had B. made C. been D. done
2. A. taken over B. heaped upon C. picked on D. given over
3. A. awarded B. rated C. graduated D. assembled
4. A. location B. site C. post D. field
5. A. simultaneously B. actually C. virtually D. substantially
6. A. proportion B. rate C. portion D. part
7. A. flaring B. glimmering C. sparkling D. flickering
8. A. attention B. concentration C. initiation D. surveillance
9. A. found B. left C. gained D. reached
10. A. without B. shallow C. bereft D. lacking

Part 2 (15 points). Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes.
Most people like to think they are (1)__________ and simply wear whatever they like. Few people
will admit to being slaves (2)___________ fashion. However, we are not just talking of the expensive
haute couture of the Paris or Milan fashion houses, which not many people can (3) __________ anyway.
We are talking of fashions and (4) __________ in everyday clothes. We say that we wear jeans and
sweaters because they are cheap and practical, but it isn’t true that our jeans and sweaters (5)
__________ to be the same as everyone else wears? Doesn’t that mean that we like to be trendy? Of
course the big chain-stores, to some (6) __________, dictate what we wear, but they always offer a
choice and people do, on the whole, like to wear the latest fashion, (7) __________ extends beyond
clothes to make-up, personal (8) __________ (men wear earrings too, nowadays) and hair styles. It is
easy to declare that we do not slavishly (9) __________ the dictates of fashion, but aren’t we all
conformists at (10) __________?

Part 3 (15 points). Read the passage and choose the best option A, B, C or D to answer the following
questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Learning to Run
An article published recently in the prestigious scientific journal Nature is shedding new light on
an important, but hitherto little appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article, Professors Dennis
Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that the ability to run was a crucial factor in the development of
our species. According to the two scientists, humans possess a number of anatomical features that make
them surprisingly good runners. ‘We are very confident that strong selection for running (A) ____was
instrumental in the origin of the modern human body form,’ says Bramble, a biology professor at the
University of Utah. Traditional thinking up to now has been that the distinctive, upright body form of
modern humans has come about as a result of the ability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product
of walking.
Furthermore, humans have usually been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as
dogs, horses or antelopes. However, this is only true if we consider fast running, or sprinting, over short
distances. Even an Olympic athlete can hardly run as fast as a horse can gallop, and can only keep up a
top speed for fifteen seconds or so. Horses, antelopes and greyhounds, on the other hand, can run at top
speed for several minutes, clearly outperforming us in this respect. But when it comes to long-distance
running, humans do astonishingly well (B)_____ They can maintain a steady pace for miles, and their
overall speed compares favourably with that of horses or dogs.
Bramble and Lieberman examined twenty-six anatomical features found in humans. One of the
most interesting of these is the nuchal ligament, a band of tissue that extends from a ridge on the base of
the skull to the spine. When we run, it is this ligament that prevents our head from pitching back and
forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held high. The nuchal
ligament (C)_____is not found in any other surviving primates, although the fossil record shows that
Homo erectus, an early human species that walked upright, much as we do, also had one. Then there are
our Achilles tendons at the backs of our legs, which connect our calf muscles to our heel bones - and
which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these behave like springs, helping to propel us
forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders, virtually disconnected from our skulls, an
anatomical adaptation which allows us to run more efficiently. Add to this our light forearms, which
swing out of phase with the movement of our legs to assist balance, and one begins to appreciate the
point that Bramble and Lieberman are trying to make.
But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? One
hypothesis is that this ability may have permitted early humans to obtain food more effectively. ‘What
these features and fossil facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our direct
ancestors to compete with other carnivores for access to the protein needed to grow the big brains that
we enjoy today,’ says Lieberman. Some scientists speculate that early humans may have pursued
animals for miles in order to exhaust them before killing them. Running would also have conferred an
advantage before weapons were invented: early humans might have been scavengers, eating the meat
and marrow left over from a kill by lions or other large predators. They may have been alerted to the
existence of a freshly-killed carcass by vultures (D)____, and the faster they got to the scene of the kill,
the better.
‘Research on the history of human locomotion has traditionally been contentious,’ says Lieberman. ’At
the very least, I hope this theory will make many people have second thoughts about how humans
learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are.’
1. According to the text, the human ability to run________
A. was only recently described in a scientific journal.
B. is now regarded as more important than the ability to climb trees.
C. played an important part in human evolution.
D. is surprising when we consider evolutionary trends.
2. According to the text, scientists used to believe________
A. that the human body owes its form to the ability to walk.
B. the human ability to walk adversely affected the ability to run.
C. that only modern humans could walk upright.
D. that humans can run because they stand upright.
3. According to the text, humans_________
A. are better runners than most other animals. B are not good at running short distances.
C. cannot run at top speed for long distances. D. compare unfavourably with horses and dogs.
4. It appears that the nuchal ligament__________
A. is found only in modern primates. B. is associated with the ability to run.
C. prevents the head from moving. D. is a unique anatomical feature.
5. The text implies that__________
A. we do not need calf muscles in order to walk.
B. without shoulders we could not run very fast.
C. the movement of our forearms is out of phase.
D. our Achilles tendons are an adaptation for running.
6. The pronoun “these” in the third paragraph refers to__________.
A. legs B. tendons C. muscles D. bones
7. According to the text, early humans___________
A. killed animals by exhausting them. B. may have evolved big brains for running.
C. competed with other animals for food. D. could probably run before they could walk.
8. Professor Lieberman hopes to___________
A. dispel any remaining doubts about the nature of the human body.
B. prove conclusively that humans did not always walk in an upright position.
C. make people reconsider previously-held ideas about human anatomy.
D. inform people of the real reason why humans are able to run and walk.
9. Which of the following spaces can the relative clause “- which came at the expense of the historical
ability to live in trees -” fit?
A. (A) B. (B) C. (C) D. (D)
10. The word “conferred” in the fourth paragraph can be best replaced by
A. give out B. bring about C. refer to D. make out

Part 4 (15 points). Read the following text then answer the questions that follow. Write your answers
in the space provided.
One finds oneself rebelling against a very controlled approach to education with its restrictions of
centralization and, at the same time, against the liberal chaos that can at times prevail. There is a
constant struggle between both camps of the educational divide, a struggle which invariably creates a
jumbled mixture of educational provision. This is not to say that what is provided is totally unacceptable.
Far from it.
In the educational world, picking and choosing from different theories, i.e. eclecticism, as is no
doubt the case in many other fields, is frowned upon by the theoretical purist, irrespective of which of
the two above camps they belong to. The pragmatists, i.e. practical classroom teachers, know that they
have to jump from one teaching method to another, trying out new ones and discarding the old. But they
frequently return again to tried and trusted techniques, sometimes with a fresh insight. Experienced
teachers know that essentially there is not just one method, but that people learn in many different ways.
Some learners use a single method, but the most sophisticated employ an array of different
techniques, instinctively or subconsciously, picking and even adapting any approach to suit their needs,
while the not-so effective learners stick to a limited repertoire or even one method. The practicalities of
the real world demand, however, that students and trainers in every field be eclectic.
Having a larger repertoire of strategies for learning, the sophisticated student advances at an
exponential rate, as the different strategies he or she uses cross-fertilize and help each other. It is
dangerous to exclude one particular technique in teaching or to follow one orthodoxy, as the one-size-
fits-all principle does not, from a common sense point of view, work. It may deprive a weaker student of
the only tool he or she may be able to use and deny the more effective learner an extra mechanism.
Take rote-learning, a much maligned learning process. There are certain aspects of any subject
area, whether it be language or the arts or science, where a student is required to learn huge amounts of
facts. These may be learnt by experience, but developing memory skills gives students an advantage in
this area. Antipathy to certain methods like memory-based learning has condemned many students to a
second-rate education, compounded by the fact that their teachers have been damaged by similar
attitudes. It has been said that students are damned by the limitations of their teachers, just as the
teachers themselves were damned.
This is not to say that rote-learning is the best approach to learning, yet it has its place as part of a
wider programme. Where rote-learning proves inadequate is that it is not suitable for every learner. Not
everyone is blessed with a good memory and learners should not be humiliated by not being able to learn
things by heart. Other strategies need then be harnessed to compensate for this.
Electronic-learning
The search for ever more different novel learning styles goes on. Electronic-learning, or e-
learning, is now very much the flavour of the month. The upside is that students may access the training
whenever they want and they can learn at their own pace unhindered by fellow students. Again, whilst it
has its place, e-learning lacks some essential ingredients, like the motivation of human contact in the
classroom. Such training is, in fact, inherently flawed as it is impossible to devise an exhaustive
programme to accommodate every individual. Learners have individual needs that may not be catered
for by distance-learning delivered on the Internet. Frustrated by the lack of development, they will not
develop to their full potential. One solution has been to build into any e-learning programme an element
of human contact with on-line help via e-mail, but increasingly, as video-conferencing facilities become
more advanced, designers are able to incorporate real-time video links. While this is a considerable
advance, it still falls far short of the human contact that learning requires.
 E-learning is here to stay, so what needs to be done is to give it a human face. Not, might I add, a
computerized one, but a real one. Students should be able, if necessary, to access a tutor by telephone or,
even better, face to face. Periodic tutorials could be built in to any programme. These can be individual,
group and seminar or a mixture of all three.
Distance learning, such as e-learning, comes with an oft unheeded caveat. It is seen by the
unwary as a cheap option and as a way of curbing costs. Set up on a wave of innovation and excitement,
the initial wave of enthusiasm soon wanes. Few take on board the warning: any self-access material that
needs to be developed requires huge amounts of input time. It has been estimated that, for every student
hour, materials writers have to put in 70 hours of preparation. Those unfamiliar with the workings of
materials production expect others to live through the consequences of their experience in this field. The
wrong people, i.e. the materials producers, get the blame for any shortcomings: frequently, the quality
and volume of material. There is one further point here that is worth mentioning. Once in place, the
material requires constant updating and research: an added cost.
Questions 1-3
Complete the following statements 1-3 with the best ending A-G below.
Write the appropriate letters A-G in boxes 1-3.
1. There are, according to the writer, two educational camps: a centralized and
2. Unlike teachers, theoretical purists look down upon
3. The modern world dictates that students adopt

A. a flexible approach to teaching.

B. an over-controlled approach.
C. practical teachers.
D. various learning methods.
E. a controlled approach.
F. a liberal approach.
G. only a limited range of learning techniques.
Your answer:
1. 2. 3.
Questions 4-7
Do the statements below agree with the views of the writer in the reading passage?
In boxes 4-7 write
YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
4. Adopting one teaching technique rather another depends on a whole range of issues which it is
difficult for the writer to enumerate.
5. Rote-learning is an important learning strategy in all but a few subjects.
6. Rote-learning fails, because not every learner has a good memory.
7. Students are invariably humiliated by not being able to learn things by heart.
Your answer:
4. 5. 6. 7.
Questions 8-10
According to the text, what are the THREE drawbacks of e-learning?
Choose three letters A-G and write them in boxes 8-10.
A. The cheapness of learning by computer.
B. The cost of training teachers.
C. Not having enough trained personnel.
D. Not being able to cater for everyone.
E. The cost of keeping materials up to date.
F. Not having sufficient video-conferencing facilities.
G. Not having contact with people.
Your answer: 8. 9. 10.
 WRITING (50 POINTS)
Part 1 (10 points). Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between five to seven words
including the word given. Write your answers on the spaces provided.

1. I knew nothing about the rebellion that they were planning. (DARK)
 I ……………………………………………………..…… the rebellion that they were planning.
2. He would do almost anything to win the girl's hand. (LENGTHS)
 He …………………………………………………………………...…… to win the girl's hand.
3. The crash victim was beyond help when emergency services reach her. (WHATSOEVER)
 There …………………………………………………………..… on reaching the crash victim.
4. His fake arrogance only hid his genuine insecurity. (LAY)
 Behind ………………………………………………………………………………… insecurity.
5. The time that must be invested in development is the only drawback of this software. (ASIDE)
 This software……………………………………………………… its lengthy development time.
Part 2 (15 points). Graph description
The pie charts below show the average household expenditures in a country in 1950 and 2010.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant. You should write 140-160 words.
Average Household Expenditures by Major Category

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Part 3. Essay writing (25 points)
School are spending more time teaching traditional subjects such as history. Some people think that
they should rather spend more time teaching skills that can help students find a job. To what extent
do you agree or disagree?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience. You should write at least 300 words.
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