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    Basic Electronic Components

    Uploaded by

    Amunyela Felistas
    Basic electronic components

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Basic Electronic Components

    Uploaded by

    Amunyela Felistas
    3 views15 pages
    Basic electronic components

    Original Title

    BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Basic electronic components

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views15 pages

    Basic Electronic Components

    Uploaded by

    Amunyela Felistas
    Basic electronic components

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

    ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS AND COMPONENTS

    An “Electronic Circuit” is a combination of electronic components and


    conductive wires interconnected in a way as to achieve an outcome:
    Achieve a current / voltage of a certain value (signal)
    - Amplify a signal
    - Transfer data

    The purpose of an electronic component is to allow the designer to control the


    flow of current as to achieve a specified result/output.
    ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

     Passive components – components which do not require external source for their
    operation and these are; Resistors, capacitors, inductors,
     Active components - components which require external source for their operation ;
    Diodes, Transistors, IC etc.
    RESISTORS

    A resistor impedes the flow of electricity through a circuit.


     Resistors have a set value.
     Since voltage, current and resistance are related through Ohm’s law, resistors are
    a good way to control voltage and current in your circuit.

    •
    MORE ON RESISTORS

    Resistor color codes


     1st band = 1st number
     2nd band = 2nd number
     3rd band = # of zeros / multiplier
     4th band = tolerance
    VARIABLE RESISTOR / POTENTIOMETER

     A potentiometer is a variable resistor. As you manually turn a dial, the resistance


    changes.
    UNITS
    Knowing your units is important!
    Kilo and Mega are common in resistors
    Milli, micro, nano and pico can be used in other components e.g. Capacitors and
    Inductors

    K (kilo) = 1,000
    M (mega) = 1,000,000
    m (milli) = 1/1,000
    u (micro) = 1/1,000,000
    n (nano) = 1/1,000,000,000 (one trillionth)
    p (pico) = 1 / 1,000,000,000,000 (one quadrillionth)
    CAPACITORS
    A capacitor stores electrical energy.
    This pool of electrons is available for electronic components to use.
     Capacitance is measured in Farads. The small capacitors usually used in electronics
    are often measured in microfarads and nanofarads.

     Some capacitors are polarized. Note the different length terminals on one of the
    capacitors.
    POLARITY OF CAPACITORS

     The shorter terminal goes on the negative side.


     The stripe is on the negative terminal side of the capacitor.
     The board is marked for positive or negative.
    APPLICATIONS OF CAPACITORS

     Capacitors supply a pool of electrons for immediate use.


     If a component needs an immediate supply of electrons, the capacitor can
    supply those electrons.
     Capacitors can smooth out a signal – eliminate the ripples or spikes in DC
    voltage.
    DIODE

     A diode is a one way valve (or gate) for electricity.


     It is a component with an asymmetrical transfer characteristic.
     A diode has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally infinite)
    resistance in the other direction.
     Diodes will protect your electronics.
    LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED)

     A light emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. When electricity is


    passing through the diode, it emits light.
    TRANSISTORS
     A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic
    signals and electrical power.
    INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
     An integrated circuit (IC) is a set of transistors that is the controller or ‘brain’ of
    an electronic circuit.
     An input is received, an output is sent out.
    IC TERMINOLOGY: OP-AMP
     An operational amplifier (op-amp) is a set of transistors inside the integrated
    circuit. They often are the components doing the mathematical operations.

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