Tesi Agustin

Enhancing the Students’ Monitoring System Using RFID
Through Internet of Things (IoT)
I do hereby attest that I am the sole author of this Project / Thesis and
that its contents are only the result of the readings
and research I have done.
By
Louie F. Agustin
Supervised by
Prof. Salvatore Fava PhD
A DISSERTATION
Presented to the Department of

Information Technology
Program at Selinus University
Faculty of Computer Science
In fulfillment of the Requirements

For the accelerated degree of
Philosophy Doctor
MARCH 23, 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………………. 01
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………. 03
LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………..………. 05
BIBLIOGRAPHY. ………………………………………............................ 06
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………. 10
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………………………… 15
DEDICATION ………………………………………………………………… 16
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Introduction ……………..………………………………………….. 17
1.2. Background of the Study ………………………………………….. 20
1.3. Objectives of the Study ……………………………………………. 23
1.4. Significance of the Study …………………………………………... 24
1.5. Scope and Delimitations ……………………………………………. 25
2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS
2.1. Review of Related Literature and Studies ………………….…… 27
2.2. Concept of the Study ……………………………………….............. 40
2.3. Definition of Terms ………….…………………………………........ 41
3. OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK ………………………………………..... 46
3.1. Materials ………………………………………................................... 46
3.1.1. Software ……………………………………….......................... 46
3.1.2. Hardware ………………………………………….................... 46
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3.1.3. Data ………………………………………............................ 46
3.2. Methods ………………………………………............................. 47
3.2.1. Developmental Design ……………………………………….. 48
3.2.2. Procedures for the different phases …………………….… 48
3.2.3. Evaluation ………………………………………..................... 74
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ……………………………………….... 77
4.1. Results by phase of study ……………………………………….... 77
4.2. Verification studies ………………………………………............... 82
5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS ……….... 91
5.1. Summary ….………………………………………............................ 91
5.2. Conclusion …..………………………………………........................ 91
5.3. Recommendations ………………………………………................ 92
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Interview Questionnaire.……………………………………………………..………………… 48
Table 2 - Hardware Specifications………………………………………………….…………………… 49
Table 3 - Software Specifications……………………………………………………….…………….… 50
Table 4 Test Matrix………………………………………………………………………………..…………... 63
Table 5 RFID Module…………………………………………………………………………………………… 63
Table 6 SMS Module…………………………………………………………………………………………… 64
Table 7 Time in Time out Module………………………………………………………………….….… 64
Table 8 Administrator Web Module……………………………………………………………..….… 65
Table 9 Registrar Web Module………………………………………………………………………..…. 66
Table 10 Accounting Web Module…………………………………………………………….………… 67
Table 11 RFID Module………………………………………………………………………………………… 68
Table 12 SMS Module………………………………………………………………………………………… 69
Table 13 Time in Time out Module………………………………………………….……………….… 70
Table 14 Administrator Module……………………………………………………….………………… 71
Table 15 Registrar Module………………………………………………………………….……………… 72
Table 16 Accounting Module………………………………………………………………..…………..… 73
Table 17 Likert Scale………………………………………………………………………….…………….…. 75
Table 18 Software Evaluation Criteria…………………………………………………...…………… 76
Table 19 Mean Score for Time-in Time-out………………………………………………………… 83
Table 20 Weighted Mean for the Admin Module……………………………………………..… 84
Table 21 Weighted Mean Responses in the Reliability Criteria…………………..………. 85
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Table 22 Weighted Mean Responses in the Reliability Criteria:………………….……… 85
Table 23 Weighted Mean Responses in the Usability Criteria……………………....…… 86
Table 24 Weighted Mean Responses in the Usability Criteria……………………….…… 87
Table 25 Weighted Mean Responses in the Efficiency Criteria…………………..…..…. 88
Table 26 Weighted Mean Responses in the Efficiency Criteria…………………….……. 88
Table 27 Parents Respondents Summary of the

Software Evaluation on e-Notification………………………………………..…… 89
Table 28 School Admin Respondents Summary of the

Software Evaluation on E-Notification……………………………………..……… 89
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Trimex Colleges ………………………………………………………….………….………… 22
Figure 2 System Boundary Using RFID …………………………………………………….…… 26
Figure 3 Input Process Output……………………………………………………………….……… 40
Figure 4 SDLC Model………… ………………………………………………………………………… 47
Figure 5 System Architecture…………………………………………………………………………… 50
Figure 6 Network Design Infrastructure…………………………………………………………… 51
Figure 7 Database Schema……………………………………………………………………….…..… 52
Figure 8 Use Case Diagram of RFID Module……………………………………………….…… 53
Figure 9 Use Case Diagram Time in Time out Module…………………………..………… 54
Figure 10 Use Case Diagram GSM Module………………………………….……….…………….. 55
Figure 11 Use Case Diagram Administrator Web Module………………..………………. 56
Figure 12 Use Case Diagram Parent Web Module……………………………………………. 57
Figure 13 Use Case Diagram Registrar Web Module……………………………………….. 58
Figure 14 Use Case Diagram Accounting Web Module……………………………………. 58
Figure 15 Software Test Plan…………………………………………………………………………… 61
Figure 16 RFID Time-in Time-out Interface……………………………………………………… 78
Figure 17 Class Cancellation…………………………………………………………………………… 78
Figure 18 Students Time-in and Time-out………………………………………………………. 79
Figure 19 Payment Notifications……………………………………………………….……………. 80
Figure 20 Students Time in Timeout Report……………………………………………………. 81
Figure 21 SMS Messages History Report…………………………………………………………. 82
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Internet
1. Baguley, Joe (Sept. 24, 2013). How Cloud Computing is changing the World
without you knowing. Retrieved from. https://www.theguardian.com/media-
network/media-network-blog/2013/sep/24
2. Barker, Ian (July 16, 2015). A Short History of Text Messaging. Retrieved from
http://betanews.com/2015/07/16/a-short-history-of-text-messaging/
3. Borisloukanov, (July 22, 2015). The Evolution of Infographic SMS. Retrieved

from https://borisloukanov.wordpress.com/2015/07/22/the-evolution-of-sms-
infographic/
4. Crump, Jeremy (Feb. 14, 2014).Internet of Things CoE. Retrieved from

https://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/societal-impact-report-feb13.pdf
5. Gadgets, Fosfor (Dec. 2015). History of Data Storage.

http://gadgets.fosfor.se/history-of-data-storage/
6. Gayomali,Chris (December 2012). The brief history of SMS. Retrieved from

http://theweek.com/articles/469869/text-message-turns-20-brief-history-sms
7. Griffith, Eric ( April 20, 2015). What is Cloud Computing. Retrieved from
http://sea.pcmag.com/networking-communications-software-products/2919
8. Greenguard, Samuel (Sept. 24, 2014). A Brief History of Internet of Things.

Retrieved from. http://www.baselinemag.com/networking/slideshows/a-brief-
history-of-the-internet-of-things.html#sthash.n766SXR4.dpuf
9. Edwards, John (June 1, 2015). Internet of Things Breathes New Life Into RFID
Technology. Retrieved from http://www.zatar.com/ news/internet-of-things-
breathes-new-life-into-rfid-technology
10. Erickson, Christien (Sept. 21, 2012) Text Messaging History. Retrieved from
http://mashable.com/2012/09/21/text-messaging-history
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11. Lueth, Knud Lasse (Dec. 19, 2014). Why the Internet of Things is Called Internet
of Things. Retrieved from https://iot-analytics.com/internet-of-things-definition/
12. Mearian, Lucas (March 14, 2014). Data Storage Then and Now. Retrieved from
http:// www.computerworld.com/ article/2473980/data-storage-solutions
13. Middleton, Sierra (Feb.17, 2016). Driving While Intexticated. Retrieved from
https://sierramiddleton.wordpress.com/2016/02/17/driving-while-intexticated
14. Mobivity (September 27, 2012). A Brief History of Text Messagin g.

Retrieved from https://mobivity.com/2012/09/a -brief-history-of-text-
messaging
15. Nidhiam ( Dec, 2013). RFID Revised Revolution in Future Technology. Retrieved
from http://www.trentdunfee.com /category/future-technology.html
16. O’Mahony ,Jennifer ( December 3, 2012).Text Messaging at 20: How SMS

Change the World. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/mobile-
phones/9718336/Text-messaging-at-20-how-SMS-changed-the-world.html
17. Partanen, Juho )(ebruary 2015). History of RFID. Retrieved from

http://rainrfid.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/History-of-RFID.pdf
18. Schneider, Stan (Oct. 9, 2013). Understanding the Protocols Behind the Internet
of Things. Retrieve from http://electronicdesign.com/iot/understanding-
protocols-behind-internet-things
19. Thrasher, James Thrasher (April 29, 2013). RFID vs. Barcoded: What are the
Advantages. Retrieved from http://blog.atlasrfidstore.com/rfid-vs-barcodes
B. Journal
1. Kale, Namrata A.Karande, S.M & ,Prof. Natikar, (November 2014). - International
Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies:
Secured Mobile Messaging for Android Application.
http://www.ijarcsms.com/docs/ paper/volume2/issue11/V2I11-0105.pdf
2. Moschuris, Socrates J. & Peppa, Vasilia P.(November 1, 2013). Global Journal of

Engineering Education. RFID Technology in Supply Chain Management: a
7
Review of Literature and Prospective Adoption to the Greek Market, Volume 15,
Number 1, 2013
3. Mullich, Joe ( 2011). The Wall Street Journal. 16 Ways the Cloud will Change our
Lives. http://online.wsj.com/ad/article/cloudcomputing-changelives
4. Wu, Hongren, Wu, Sugin, Yutian, Brian Bai, and Zhang, Kefei (Dec. 12, 2012)
Overview of RFID - Based Indoor Positioning Technology. Retrieved from
http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1328/GSR2_Bai.pdf
C. Books
1. Casier, Herman Casier, Steyaert, Michiel, Van Roermud, Arthur H.M.

. Analog Circuit Design: Robust Design, Sigma Delta Converters, RFID
Technology & Engineering. Retrieved from
https://books.google.com.ph/books?isbn=9400703910
2. Piramuthu, Selwyn & hou, Weibiao ( 2016). RFID and Sensor Network
Automation in the Food Industry: Ensuring Quality. published by John Wiley and
Sons Ltd
3. Chang, Christopher A. and Jones, James C. (April 19, 2016) CRC Press; RFID
and Auto-ID in Planning and Logistics
4. Lin, Yong Tze & Xiang, Tan Yong (May 23, 2015). A Bit History of Internet
/Chapter 8: Internet of Things. Retrieved from https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/ A Bit
History of Internet/Chapter 8:Internet-of-Things
D. PUBLICATION
1. Lopez, (November 2013). Lopez Research. An Introduction to the Internet of

Things. Retrieved from. Retrieved from. http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/
solutions/ trends/iot/introduction_to_IoT_november.pdf
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2. Aurnou, Scott (June 10, 2013). Computer Basics: How is Electronic Data Stored
on a Computer or Mobile Device. Retrieved from
http://www.thesecurityadvocate.com/ 2013/06/10/
3. Choi, Sung Hee (December 2014). Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) In

Blood Supply Chain Management. Retrieved from
https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23650
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ABSTRACT
Description of the Study
Radio Frequency Identification is the way in tracking the student’s time –
in and time out. With the help of the system RFID and the Internet of Things, the
students monitoring will be easy to access; through the accuracy and reliability of
the data, the system gives accurate information to the parents.
IOT describes the world where just about anything can be linked and
interconnected intelligently. In other words, with the Internet of Things, the total
environment is becoming one huge information system throughout the
worl. Utilizing device that can capture student time-in and time-out through
passive Radio frequency identification Technology and send messages through
the SMS technology will be a real help knowing that the child is already inside the
campus. The admin part of the system will manage the RFID registrations,
administer the Parents’ account creation, monitor the Time-in Time-out Data and
generates a time-in time out reports. The registrar of the school will handle the
SMS notifications of cancellation of classes while the Accounting will be in-
charge to address the SMS notification of school payments. The project focuses
only on monitoring Senior High School students.
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The provided information through SMS applying the internet of things will
create a very convenient method of communication through the maximized used
of technology. Parents and students communicative process will now be a
brilliant fashion of communication. With the used of the RFID students monitoring
system, the time-in and time out of the students will be quickly sent to parents.
The implementation of RFID and GSM technology will enhance the manipulation
of modern technology world.
Reason in Fulfilling the Study
The reason in pushing this study was to prove that RFID and Internet of
Things can go along with each other and that it can benefit different individual
especially school administration, teachers and parents who has experience
difficulty in tracking the progress and attendance of students.
Since message is a form of communication and originated with verbal
gesture pertaining to language, the unique ability which has made possible that
started the development of human civilization. With the etymological way of
message, no matter how difficult it can be transported to people over a restricted
distance - within a room or place of meeting, or across a short open space. The
message reads only within reading range; its recipients must travel to accept it.
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The structure is completely more well-organized and effective if it is the
message which travels. SMS stands for Short Message Service. It is a
technology that allows the transferring and accepting of messages between
mobile phones. It was during early 98 ’s that adding of text messaging
functionality to mobile devices began. Also it was in December 1982 when the
first action plan of the CEPT Group GSM was approved. It was then that the
SMS theory was established in the Franco-German GSM cooperation in 1984 by
Friedhelm Hillebrand and Bernard Ghillebaert. (Namrata A. Kale, S.M. Karande
(November 2014) International Journal of Advance Research in Computer
Science and Management Studies; Volume 2, Issue 11,)
Lack of enrolment system in schools can lead to pandemonium and
difficulties as stated by Ace Adrain (2011). The school use data scheme or
procedure in the way to make the enrolment system in the school easier to the
students; and also to the management itself. Enrolment process should be
cleared and organized; the transformation of the modern technology should be
applied in every institution. Ezhrihm Cradan, (November 9, 2013)
Another thing the enrollment process is a difficult problem every institution
has faced. To achieve and improve the process a solution must be discovered
and should have a solution on it. Based on the study conducted by Mentonen
(2010), she found out that making a data base on enrollment process will ease
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the problem. This will give the management and school admin on how to manage
the enrollment process.
The Research Results and Expectations
The research results and expectations will provide easier task in the part
of the school admin and teachers in providing students’ information to the
parents; the easiest way that in just seconds’ information will be disseminated via
SMS. The modernization of the messages brought the generation into the
different world of communication. People can easily access to various places in
the world with just a short period, unlike before that the travel of messages took
time before it reaches the destinations. The use of RFID today is mainly used to
improve internal efficiencies. The radar systems have evolved and today’s
hottest supply chains use RFID technology. Vasilia P. Peppa & Socrates J.
Moschuris, (2013). Volume 15, Number 1.
Nowadays, that modern technology is overcoming the generation, SMS
have different ways and forms to detect and identify the whereabouts of the
individual, it is now associated with RFID as what is stated, is a universal or
general term for experts and technologies that use radio waves to repeatedly
recognize people or objects.
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It is expected that the results of the study will be useful to the benifitted
school and will be benchmark to other neighbouring school as best practice in
tracking the students attendance and progress the easiest and quick way.
The Research Usability
It can be recommended to other researcher for future reference and to
other school to use and adopt. It will evaluate the five characteristics that
describe software quality:
(1) Functionality- The software features will be checked if they are all working
correctly.
(2) Reliability- The software’s fault tolerance and recoverability are high; it will
not crash.
(3) Usability- The application can easily be understood and navigated by the
end-users. The design and images to be used are easy to recognize.
(4) Efficiency- The system responds precisely and efficiently to the
commands. It uses resources such as memory, the CPU, and the network.
(5) Maintainability- The software is easy to maintain, and it is stable.
(6) Portability- The software can be used and run in different web browsers’
versions and screen resolutions. It does not require vital programs that are hard
to install.
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ACKNOWLEDMENT
I am grateful to Almighty God for being so faithful through the duration of
this endeavor; and to my family who supported me all the way, thank you for the
love and understanding.
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DEDICATION
I dedicate this project / thesis to God Almighty my strong pillar, my creator,
my savior, my foundation of encouragement, wisdom, knowledge, and
understanding. He has been the basis of my fortress throughout this program
and on His wings only have I glided high. I also bestow this work to my wife;
Liberty Agustin who has cheered and motivated me all the way and whose
encouragement have made sure that I give it all it takes to finish that which I
have started. To my children Liberlois, Lois Teasdale and Lois Jane who have
been affected in every way possible by this journey; my source of inspiration and
joy. Thank you. My love for you all is immeasurable. God bless.
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CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The welfare and interest of all the students is the number one concern of
the school management. Once the students have entered in the school premises,
the school has all the responsibilities and liabilities on the student’s safety and
parents as stakeholders have all the rights to question the school administration
regarding the progress, status and safety of their children. Nowadays, every
school has their own way of communicating on their stakeholders (parents) in
providing reports and information on the student’s status as to attendance,
performance, school billings and other school records. The use of Radio
Frequency Identification or the RFID is now in demand in tracking the student’s
records and information which can be accessed directly to inform parents. The
information being sent to parents are secured and private, no information can be
leaked to other users. According to Choi, Sung Hee (2015), RFID, Radio
Frequency Identification, is one of the advantageous documentation
technologies, which tests or reviews the individuality or distinctiveness of a
person or an object without uninterrupted contact using radio waves and keeps
track of the data on the object with an RFID tag in real-time. It provides and
enables a more accurate data and information the easiest way. The monitoring
process on tracking the students information to parents is through sending
17
emails, short message service (SMS) and through the web application, it will be
done through the application of Internet of Things (IoT), this can be defined as a
way of joining and linking everyday objects like smart-phones, Internet TVs,
sensors and actuators to the World Wide Web where the devices are cleverly
interconnected together allowing new forms of communication amongst things
and people, and concerning things themselves. It is an organizational structure
that interconnects computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects,
animals or people that have unique identifiers and the capacity to convey data
over a network without wanting them or human-to-computer interaction.
This concept is in consonance to the IOT which describes the world where
just about anything can be linked and coupled logically. In other words, with the
Internet of Things, the total physical environment is becoming one great and vast
information system, because these IOTs as a calculating model defines a world
where physical objects are to be found every day will be attached and associated
to the Internet and be able to recognize themselves to other devices. The word is
generally synonymous with RFID as the communication platform, though other
tracker technologies, wireless technologies, or QR codes may also be included.
Today, teachers as the foot soldiers in the four corners of the classroom
are facing a very crucial teaching-learning process because of the huge number
of students enrolled, where each classroom ranges from 50 to 60 students,
18
arranged heterogenous; checking them one by one consumed too much time
and less time are being left for the teaching learning process. The traditional way
of calling names will prevent the teacher from beginning the lesson;
announcements and reminders will also eat the time for class discussion, so the
left time for learning will not be enough for the learners to catch the lesson
proper. It will cause disruption of classes. Many of the school management have
difficulties in monitoring the students’ time-in and time-out, cancellation of
classes, and even payments details due to its traditional way of putting records of
lists this will impact on the learners progress and performance.
Therefore, the move towards to more advanced information dissemination
and smarter way of communication is through the internet of things. In order for
the teachers and school management effectively track the learners, each school
needs to develop a project that will utilize the technology of RFID and SMS that
provides information processing and resources of data to computers and other
devices on demand. Thus, the researcher has come up with this study.
It is with these insights and concepts that the researcher would like to
enhance the Students’ Monitoring System Using RFID through Internet of Things
(IoT) in the selected private schools in the Schools Division of Binan City, Laguna
(Philippines) preferably TRIMEX Colleges - Senior High School Department in
19
order to contribute to a quicker and easier way of tracking student’s progress and
records in the school environment.
1.2 Background of the Study
TRIMEX Computer School (Biñan) started as a Datamex Computer
franchise in February 1994 to serve as a reputable technical vocational training
center in the area of CALABARZON. It is the contribution of Laguna to the rapid
industrialization movement.
In June 1994, Ms. Fleurdeliz A. Constantino, the founder of TRIMEX,
spearheaded the operations of Ms. Rachel C. Cruz with the passion to reach out
and make a difference through education. Operation consists of five (5) separate
departments, namely the Administration, the Registrar, Accounting, Information
Technology and the Secretariat. The school began accepting students on a
monthly basis and offered the following courses: two-year hardware technology;
two-year software technology; two-year secretarial training. A total of seventy-
four (74) students enrolled between June and August.
Currently, Trimex Colleges, with a total population of 2,600 students in the
academic year 2019-2020, specializes in providing education not only in the field
20
of technical vocational education but also in the Bachelor's degree programs and
the Senior High School Tract.
21
Figures 1.0 Trimex Colleges
The growing number of student population in the school provided a slow
movement in the administration side especially in tracking the students status.
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Parents, as one big stakeholders are counting on the teachers’ perpective in
providing them the best and easy information of their children’s whereabouts. But
due to its huge number of population, the administration neglected to inform the
parents directly, as a result, parents got disappointed since they were also busy
on their works and cannot go and visit the school administration or teachers
personnaly.
It is with great passion and positive intention of the researcher to fulfill his
study in order to lessen the work load of the teachers and the school admin.
Tracking the students attendance (in and out) and other information through the
manipulation of the modern technologies will directly inform the parents regarding
their children attendance and other information with regards to their school
performance and responsibilities.
The researcher is certain and expecting that the results will be benifitted
to the school, to the students, teachers, parents and even other researchers who
will conduct the same study. The usability of the project will be the best practice
of the school.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to inform the parents through SMS,
emails and web application regarding monitoring of the students time-in and
time-out, Specifically, the study endeavors to answer the following:
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1. To utilize a device that can capture student’s time-in and time-out through
passive Radio frequency identification Technology.
2. To design an application that will notify users via Short Message Service
Technology and email on the following.
a. Class cancellation,
b. Student time-in and time-Out, and
c. Payment notification based on payment selected scheme or

tuition fee amount
3. To generate monitoring reports through such as:
a. Student Time-in and time –out, and
b. SMS Messages History
1.3 Significance of the Study
The program designed on Enhancing Students’ Monitoring System Using
RFID through Internet of Things (IoT) will be beneficial to the following:
Students: The students will be issued an RFID card to be used upon entrance
on the school premise, once tap on the RFID device which is installed at the gate
entrance, their record of time in will be sent to their parents’ mobile phone. This
will help the students to be more aware on their school records of attendance,
and they will be more equipped with the use of modern technology.
Teachers: The teachers will have an accurate record of student’s attendance
upon print out of records from RFID
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School Administration: School records will be more intact, a quicker and easy
access in tracking students records.
Parents: The parents will not need to travel to school to know the records of their
children’s attendance since notification will be sent on their smart phone once the
student has enter the school via RFID.
Future Researchers: To the future researchers, this program designed software
and hardware will serve as an effective tool and reference who would intend to
make any further relevant study particularly the RFID or the internet of things.
1.4 Scope and Delimitations
The researcher involves the broad range of the use of RFID and SMS
system implementing the internet of things from which devices are intertwined,
linked and designed altogether enabling new forms of communication and
messages that access to inform and notify the things, incidences, and issues.
The researcher was responsible for making the program for the institution.
The proposed project shall automatically generate information using the
following modules:
 RFID Module
 SMS Module
 Time in and Time Out Module
 Administrator Web Module
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 Parent Web Module
 Accounting and Registrar Module
System Boundary
Administrator
Web Module Accnting
GSM Time in / Module Parent Web
SMS Time out Reports Module
RFID
Module Module Registrar
Module Payment Module
Notifications
Figure 2.0 – System Boundary Using RFID
Figure 1 shows the system boundary of the RFID application that contains
four modules which are the RFID Module, the SMS Module, Time in Time out
Module and Administrator Web Module. The RFID Module is intended for the
management of RFID card tapping. The SMS Module handle the sending of
SMS to the parents, the Time in Time out Module records the time in and time
out of the students upon entry on the school campus and the Administrator Web
Module is for the Administrations of Student RFID Registrations, Student Reports
Time in and Time out and the Payment Notifications.
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CHAPTER 2
2.1 Review of Related Literature and Studies
Short Message Service (SMS)
A message or a response which is in a mode of communication that starts
with words, text and vocabulary; the special skill that has made in the
development of human civilization inevitable.. With language any type of
communication, no matter how difficult, can be carried and transported to people
over a limited expanse - within an area or place of gathering, or across a short
open space. The message or information can be read only within reading range;
its receivers must travel to have it. The process or model is altogether more
organized if it is the message which travels. SMS stands for Short Message
Service.
It is a technology that allows the transporting and receiving of messages
between mobile phones. In early 98 ’s mobile devices began thru adding text
messaging functionality and it was in December 1982 when the first action plan
of the CEPT Group GSM was approved. The SMS idea was technologically
established in the Franco-German GSM cooperation in 1984 by Friedhelm
Hillebrand and Bernard Ghillebaert. (Namrata A. Kale, S.M. Karande (November
2014) International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and
Management Studies; Volume 2, Issue 11,)
27
Texting or SMS (short message service) is a process or procedure of
communication that transmits or spreads text to a mobile phone or from a Laptop
or handheld. The shortened part is from the standard text response size: 160
letters (texts, figures, or logos in the Latin alphabet) Christine Erickson (Sept. 21,
2012).
There is an unlimited benefit to a ruler who can transfer or receive a
message faster than his foes. In the approximation of the earliest time, the most
efficient postal service is that of the Persians. In about 540 BC, to control his new
empire, Cyrus put the the largest yet known kind of communication among the
community. As time passed by, the communication process was then improved
by Darius on his generation. The kind of messages during those times travels the
full distance of the road in a maximum of ten days, at a speed of about 200 miles
a day. Until transformation and innovation arrived in early 98 ’s, the adding of
text messaging functionality to mobile devices began. The first action plan which
was approved in December 1982 was a requested services and facilities
accessible to the public and was conducted by the CEPT Group GSM, it
substituted and converted telephone networks and public data networks to be
available in the mobile system.
The key knowledge for SMS was to practice this telephone-optimized
system and to convey messages on the signaling routes desirable to control the
28
telephone traffic during periods when no indicating traffic existed. In this way,
unused resources in the system could be used to transfer messages at minimal
cost.
In 1992, the first text message was sent although it had to be from a PC
because it was the following year before Nokia presented the first SMS-enabled
phone. In 1997 the Finnish company produced the 9000i Communicator, the first
mobile phone to feature a full keyboard. Ian Barker (July 16, 2015).
It was engineer Neil Papworth who sent the first SMS communication to
Richard Jarvis of Vodafone. It simply read "Merry Christmas," and Jarvis had no
idea or way of replying. The first ever commercial SMS was launched in Sweden
through Telia. In 1993, the impression of sending short messages via mobile
phone only became a focus for telecoms companies in UK. Chris Gayomali.
(December 2012).
In 1994, most companies capitalizing heavily in pagers, but consumers'
interest for texts, which did not involve the intermediary of an operator, meant a
change of tack from the mid-1990s onwards. As the modern world of technology
arises, the medium increased prompt admiration among students, who soon
began shortening words into "texts speak." Mobile phones now had number pads
29
with letters on them as part of digital GSM product qualifications so that people
could enter names in their phonebooks. Jennifer O'Mahony, (December 2012).
SMS could be implemented in every mobile station by updating its
software. Hence, a huge base of SMS-capable terminals and networks occurred
when people began to use SMS. A different linkage system element required
was a specified short message service center, and developments and
improvements were essential to the radio power and system connectivity
framework for rising SMS traffic. The text message has become such an
important part of our up-to-date lives that it is hard to consider that the perception
behind dates back 31 years. Email to SMS doorway service Neon SMS has
created an info graphic tracking how SMS has developed and grown rapidly that
is easily been accepted in the society. Borisloukanov, (July 22, 2015)
Today, SMS is the most widely-used data application in the world, with
81% of mobile phone subscribers using it. Moreover, SMS has become more
than just a way to text with friends — it also lets us receive updates and alerts,
keep track of our finances, send email, and much more. Sierra Middleton,
(Feb.17, 2016)
30
RFID - Radio-Frequency Identification
It all started decades ago. In 93 ’s during the World War II, when radars
or locators were established, it was the military aviation who organized the
technology in larger scale. They used this in tracking the signals and
whereabouts of their opponents. Also, in 1948, Harry Stockman, set the
backscattering radios with the used of communication in reflected power which
was predominantly used to recognize friendly aircraft by controlling
backscattered radar signal. The millitary way of communicating was maximized
through this method or technology which was first used to monitor cows that
were on medication, but the usage soon expanded. These applications utilized
low frequencies at around 125 kHz that suitably allowed small tag size. On the
commercial side, Texas Instruments launched the TIRIS system that is still in use
today. Juho Partanen, (February 2015)
During the World War II, between the years of 1935, a Scottish physicist
Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Wat learned that the messages were observed
through radar; it was anticipated to be the roots of radio frequency identification
technology that can be drawn back to warn of approaching planes while they
were still miles away. It was also in 1935 that radar have been discovered by
Germans, Japanese, Americans, and British people. Germans found that it would
modify the radio signal echoed back if pilots rotated their aircraft when they went
back to base. This logical approach warned the tracker crew on the surface that
31
they were German aircraft rather than Allied aircraft (the first passive RFID
device, essentially).
A gesture or sign is directed to a transponder, which stirs up and either
returns back a signal (passive system) or broadcasts a signal (active system .
Herman Casier, Michiel Steyaert, Arthur H.M. van Roermund – -
Technology & Engineering
On January 23, 1973, it was Mario W. Cardullo's assertion that he
obtained the first U.S. copyright for an active RFID tag with flash drives memory.
A card with an integrated transmitter transmitted a message to a reader close to
the entrance. Selwyn Piramuthu, Weibiao Zhou (2016)
The beginnings of RFID to form the communication were identifiable used
during the past time even without the modern technology; as a matter of fact, the
U.S. government was also working on RFID systems. It was in the mid 98 ’s
when the system was commercialized through the effort of the Los Alamos
scientists who driven on the project and left it to form a company to improve
automated toll payment systems. And these have become widely used on roads,
bridges, and tunnels around the world. James C. Jones and Christopher A.
Chung (April 19, 2016)
32
RFID technology has been applied for many years in transport, access
control cards, event ticketing and logistics for goods distribution. More recently, it
was also implemented in government identity cards and passports and
extensively applied in manufacturing, tracking of people and mobile objects, and
positioning. RFID applications today are expanding to include wider and wider
areas such as emergency, health, safety, security, and convenience,
entertainment, traveling, shopping and asset tracking. Governments, enterprises,
research institutes and consumers are all involved in the diverse RFID
applications and playing different roles according to their specific purposes.
Yuntian Brian Bai, Suqin Wu, Hongren Wu, Kefei Zhang (Dec. 12, 2012).
The implementation of RFID is through the use of radio waves by means
of information dissimination between a unique item and a system. It is consisting
of a RFID reader, tags (chips), and at least one antenna. The RFID system can
be both active or passive. Active RFID tags comprises of a battery and it
periodically transfer information with much greater range than passive tags. Once
the tag is power-driven, it responds by conveying its unique powered by
electromagnetic induction via the RFID reader. James Thrasher, (April 29, 2013)
Nowadays, a general term for modern technologies is overcoming the
generation that use radio waves to automatically recognize people or objects,
SMS have different ways and forms to detect and identify the whereabouts of the
33
individual, it is now associated with RFID as what is stated, is. There are various
ways or measures to identify, but the most common is to store a serial number
that classifies a person or entity, and probably other details, on a microchip
connected to an antenna (the chip and the antenna together are called antenna).
(the chip and the antenna together are called a RFID transponder or a RFID tag).
The antenna helps the chip to forward a reader with the identity content. The
reader translates the radio waves and mirrored back from the RFID tag into
digital information that can be used and distributed to computers.
The modernization of the messages brought the generation into the
different world of communication. People can easily access to various places in
the world with just a short period, unlike before that the travel of messages took
time before it reaches the destinations. The use of RFID today is mainly used to
improve internal efficiencies. The radar systems have evolved and today’s
hottest supply chains use RFID technology. Vasilia P. Peppa & Socrates J.
Moschuris, (2013). Volume 15, Number 1.
RFID is indeed a high technology to track products and people. They are
very beneficial These RFID tags have the information on the products that can be
accessed and read easily. These devices also help in reducing man-force,
human errors and saves time spent in checking products. By using this
34
technology for communication and transportation, the Army can fix the problem in
a faster way. Nidhiam (December 13, 2013).
IoT - Internet of Things
Through the thorough analysis and experimentation of the technical
analyst, the Internet of Things became possible in expecting that radio-
frequency identification (RFID) would soon change the world because of the
modern day devices in connecting people. While RFID eventually became a
useful tool in retail, logistics, healthcare and a handful of other enterprise sectors,
the technology largely prowled in the mistiness of darkness while other truly
became a transformative ideas and perceptions on technology based education,
such as social media and streaming entertainment, seized the spotlight. Today,
with RFID in second period of adoption, the technology's advocates are busily
prepping for a second act. Like an aging actor who no longer finds himself in
demand for leading man roles, RFID is now changing itself into a supporting
player by becoming a significant part of the next gigantic thing—the Internet of
Things (IoT). John Edwards (June 1, 2015)
It was 16 years ago when the Internet of Things was discovered.
However, it was in 97 ’s that the idea of connecting to other devices had been
practiced. It was Kevin Ashton in 1999 created the idea called ―embedded
internet‖ or ―pervasive computing‖ during his service in Procter and Gamble. His
35
idea of attracting the management to an exciting technology of RFID worked in
the optimization in supply chain. During that time internet was already boomed
and made sense in the public he named his presentation Internet of Things.
Knud Lasse Lueth (Dec. 19, 2014).
In 1999, the MIT Auto-ID Laboratory in Masachussets Institute of
Technology created an IOT using RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks from
which the IoT served as the basis for connecting things, sensors, actuators and
other intelligent technologies allowed contact between people and objects. The
connections have multiplied and created a whole dynamic link of networks. Yong
Tze Lin, Tan Yong Xiang (May 23, 2015)
As the technology went by and evolved from the complex world of internet,
the increasing sophistication of network and linkages of devices and machines
have been embraced by the whole world in easing works and communication
through the Fitbit internet connections activity that monitors home lightning
systems to industrial machines and aircraft which continously grow bigger and
wider. It was the Cisco Systems that estimates an approximately 12.1 billion
Internet-connected devices used in April 2014, and that number is expected to
increase to above 50 billion by 2020. The networking firm also records that about
100 things presently link to the Internet every second, and the number is
36
projected to reach 250 per second by 2020. The development of the technology
will likely be faster than the Internet. Samuel Greenguard (Sept. 24, 2014)
The IoT is a forceful and vital needs in the whole world, and the
technology is likely to improve quicker than the parameter of the in a real sense
that is moving forward and working it out as it goes. This means that the growing
accessibility of high-quality data collected and transferred in real-time through
cheap, pervasive hardware and networks will undeniably lead to scientific,
technical, and commercial innovation. Jeremy Crump (Feb. 14, 2014)
There are approximately billion sites on the Internet connect web sites
and workstations resulted to a large denomination that has delivered from which
Internet have transformed into how people converse and work together. It also
accompanied in a new era of free information for everyone, changing life in any
means that were hard to visualize in its early stages. However, the next wave of
the Internet is not about people, it is about intelligent and connected devices.
Stan Schneider (Oct. 9, 2013).
Today, many of the queries regarding rapid transmit of messaging, and
obstacles to the internet world were satisfied. It would be unpredictable of when
would be replaced, repaired or recalled whether they are different from the past.
Everyone is empowered in gathering information through the extent of computers
37
manipulation that will see, ear or smell what it wanted to convey to others as long
as it benefits people. RFID and sensor technology allow computers to detect and
discern identify and understand the world—without the limitations of human-
entered data. Lopez, (November 2013).
Enrollment Process
The enrollment process is a difficult problem every institution has faced.
To achieve and improve the process a solution must be discovered and should
have a solution on it. Based on the study conducted by Mentonen (2010), she
found out that making a data base on enrollment process will ease the problem.
This will give the management and school admin on how to manage the
enrollment process.
Absence of enrollment system in schools can lead to disorder and
dilemmas as stated by Ace Adrain (2011). The school use data scheme or
procedure in the way to make the enrollment system in the school easier to the
students; not only to the students but also to the management itself. Enrollment
process should be cleared and organized; the transformation of the modern
technology should be applied in every institution. Ezhrihm Cradan, (November 9,
2013)
38
The use of technology has been an effective tool in improving such kind of
enrollment system. The development of enrollment process in every institution
nowadays becomes easier; the information needed is easily accessed through
the application of modern technology. The accesses to the students’ information
are determined by the management from attendance to grades and from the
computation payments and tuitions. Rentaw123, (March 13, 2015)
School Policy Entering and Exiting of School
Sound school policy development plays an essential role as a violence
prevention and control tool. By anticipating safety problems and actively
addressing them, schools increase their ability to avoid or respond to a crisis.
The existing rules and policies of the school that has been established and
implemented will provide a firm foundation for a more inclusive school safety
learning environment. Kirk A. Bailey, (September 2002).
Schools Policies and Legal Issues Supporting Safe Schools.
The back door is to be used for entry to the school by students only during
instructional hours (8:45- 10:15, 10:30-12:15, 1:00-3:00). It is not to be used
during noninstructional hours; i.e. before school, during recess/lunch recess or
after school. The parent supervisors are the only individuals who can use the
back door during noninstructional hours to set up/removing the cones in the
parking lot.
39
Upon entering the school premises, volunteering parents and guests are
required to report to the Administration Office to ―Sign In‖. This system was
devised for the welfare of the students at every school. It is also a requirement
that upon leaving the school grounds that all visitors ―Sign Out‖. In the case of an
emergency and evacuations, it is important for the Administration to know how
many extra people are on the campus.
2.2 Concept of the Study
Conceptual Framework
Input Process Output
Time in Time out Requirement

gathering and Enhancing the
Notifications analysis
Students’
Payment Schedules Design Monitoring
System Using
Hardware Coding RFID Through
Requirements Internet of Things
 GSM SMS Testing (IoT)
 RFID Reader
Deployment
System Unit
 Dual Core CPU Maintenance
 2 Gig RAM
 160 Gig HDD
Space
Software
Requirements
 Windows 7
 Dot net
Frameworks System Evaluation Feedback
 Web Server
Figure 3.0 - Input Process Output
40
The Input Process Output of the diagram of the e-Notify: Student Service
Monitoring Implementing IOT is shown in Figure 2. To conceptualize the idea of
this project, the researcher makes use of the related studies and literature for
further knowledge, reliability, consistency and proper functioning about the study.
2.3 Definition of Terms
Administrator is the one that can modify and enhance the learning and
assessment module.
Accuracy The degree of correctness of which the results are produced.
Adaptability The competence of the software to acquaint to changes in its
working environment.
Attractiveness is the technical know-how of the software product to be
noticeable to the user.
Analyzability is the ability of the software product to be identified for
insufficiencies or causes of disappointments in the software,
or for the parts to be improved and to be recognized.
Availability The extent to which a system can continue to work when a
significant component or set of components goes down.
Consistency Producing the same behavior every time.
Changeability It how the software product enable to change to a specific
modification.
Cancellation the act or an instance of stopping or widrawing.
41
Deployment This means that the product is capable to be used and
applied in a real environment.
Functionality An aspect of what a software application can do for a user.
GSM Global System for Mobile, is the primary type of technology
used for cell phones in the rest of the world.
Hardware is the physical parts or components of a computer, such as a
monitor, keyboard and another device such as RFID and
GSM.
IOT Internet of Things a proposed development of the Internet in
which everyday objects have network connectivity, which
allows to send and receive data.
Learn ability It enable the user to learn the software product application.
Maintainability It how the software product is capable of modification which
may include corrections, improvements or adaptation of the
software to changes in environment, requirements and
functional specifications. There are sub-characteristics of the
maintainability that is being used and applied:
Module a separate unit or structure in the system that is combined in
a program.
Operability a structure that enables the user to operate and control the
system.
42
Portability A collection of attributes that bear on the ability of software
to move from one location to another.
RFID Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is the use of radio
waves for reading and storing data recorded on an object
linked tag. A tag can be perceived from a range of up to
several miles, and must not be within the reader's direct line
of sight.
Reliability A collection of attributes that bear on the software's ability to
sustain its performance level for a given time under defined
conditions..
Security Safety is the software product's ability to protect information
and data in such a way that unauthorized user.
SMS stands for SMS and is often generally referred to as a "text
message."SMS stands for Short Message Service and is
also commonly referred to as a "text message."
Stability Stability is the software product's ability to prevent
unanticipated effects from program modifications
Time-in a period of time recorded when you enter the school
premises.
43
Time-out a period of time recorded when you exit the school premises.
Usability is the software product's capacity to be understood,
experienced, used and appealing to the user when used
under a specified condition.
Understandability is the software product's ability to allow the user to
understand how the program to become acceptable, and
whether it can be used for different duties and conditions of
use.
PHPMyAdmin. It is a free and open source application written in PHP
designed to manage MySQL administration using a web
browser, which can execute various tasks such as building,
updating or deleting databases, tables, fields or rows;
executing SQL statements; or managing users which
permissions. MySQL: MySQL.
MySQL. Popular database option for use in web applications and is a
central component of the commonly used LAMP open
source software platform for web application. The acronym
LAMP stands for "Unix, Apache, MySQL, Perl / PHP /
Python. PHP Is PHP
44
PHP PHP Today stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor(PHP) A
server-side scripting language built for web creation but
often used as a general purpose programming language and
originally derived from Personal Home Page Tools.
45
CHAPTER 3
OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK
3.1 Materials
3.1.1 Software
The proponent used the following software base in windows 7
Operating System. Mysql is used as the storage of all the data, browser
such as Chrome, Mozilla and Internet Explorer is a tool used to see the
output of the program, and for the Web Server, the Apache is more
appropriate for the PHP coding.
3.1.2 Hardware
To develop the system, some hardware requirements are needed.
A desktop or laptop with at least i3 processor is required with 2Gigabytes
of RAM. A GSM is needed also for sending SMS the same with the RFID
that will manage to capture the RFID cards.
3.1.3 Data
125Khz USB RFID Proximity Sensor Smart ID Card Reader is used
that support EM4001, 4100, or its compatible RFID, ID card with a
frequency of 125Khz. Power: DC 5V Reading distance: 5-8cm Interface:
46
USB. Size: 10.5cm x 7cm x 1.5cm (4.13inch x 2.76inch x 0.59inch)
Weight: 90g. with USB Cable: 100g Color: Black
3.2 Methods
3.2.1 Developmental design
The proponent used developmental research method since the study
focuses on designing, developing and evaluating instructional programs,
processes, and products.
The researcher followed the System Development Life Cycles which has
six (6) phases that play dynamic roles which define the task to be completed at
each step in the software development process.
Figure 2 illustrates the steps carried out in the SDLC model. These steps
are listed below.
Figure 4.0 - SDLC Model
47
3.2.2 Procedure for the different phases
Requirement Gathering and Analysis Phase
The researcher gathered data from an interview, Ms. Winefreda Miranda,
as the School Administrator of TRIMEX Colleges-Senior High School
Department, other stakeholders and users were also interviewed to determine
the requirements such as: Who will be the users of the system? How will they
use the system? What are the data to be used as an input into the
system? What will be the output by the system? These are general queries that
were addressed during gathering phase requirements. The researcher defined
the requirements as to software and hardware technology.
Table 1 Interview Questionnaire
INTERVIEW QUESTION ANSWER

1. How do you track student’s time in and time out of
school?
2. How fast do information of time in and time out of
students disseminated to the parents?
3. Some students are asking money from their
parents regarding school expenses which are not
true, as the school administrator, how do you deal
with this problem especially when parents asked
about it?
4. What system do you use or apply in tracking
students’ time in time out and payment scheme
dissemination of information to the parents?
5. Do you want an easy access to tracking your
48
students’ time in time out and payment scheme?
Why?
Design Phase
In the second stage, when requirements are already known, design for the
system is created. It's not a comprehensive design it included just the system's
important features, which gives the user an idea of the framework. The design
will help in developing the system faster and better.
In table 2 and table 3, are hardware and software specifications of the
proposed project.
Table 2 - Hardware Specifications
Item Name Description
Desktop computers/ Laptop At least i3 processor
Memory 2GB
Keyboard USB, optical mouse
Mouse USB, optical
Monitor LED, at least 15’
Modem GSM Modem
Reader RFID Reader
49
Table 3 - Software Specifications
Item Name Description
Operating System Windows (7 or 8)
Web Server Apache
Database Server MySql
Browser Chrome/Mozilla/IE
Design of the Study
Database
e-Notify Program Server
Time in Time out Module
Administrator
RFID Module Web Module
Parent Web Accounting Registrar

GSM SMS Module Module Module Module
Figure 5.0 System Architecture
The figure above shows the different components of the RFID via IoT.
There will be users like the Administrator, who administer users account and
reports, accounting who will manage the sending of SMS for payment advisories,
Registrar who will administer the cancellation of classes, the parent module will
50
handle the inquiries of their children time-in time-out records. SMS module
handles all the SMS notifications, and the RFID modules handle the validity of
the identifications cards.
Network Design Infrastructure
Figure 6.0 Network Design Infrastructure
The figure above shows the network connectivity of each department.
There is only one server that caters all the system of the school such as
enrollment system and grading system. This server will also cater the RFID
device system which will be used for monitoring the time-in and time-out of the
students. Most of the employees of the TRIMEX Colleges in Biñan use Google
51
Chrome and Mozilla Firefox as their Windows 7, Windows XP and Windows 8
internet browsers. Dual Core System Units and I5 versions are most hardware
components used.
Database Schema
This figure shows the database design of the proposed system. The
database name is cctdb and is consists of 9 tables.
Figure 7.0 Database Schema
52
RFID MODULE
Tap RFID
STUDENT
<<include>>
Validate
RFID
Figure 8 Use Case Diagram of RFID Module
Upon tapping the student’s RFID, the machine will process and validate
the tapped ID for confirmation whether the ID is registered or not on the RFID
computer. The guard on duty should monitor and check the ID to be tapped by
the student and see to it that the monitor displays the same picture on the ID and
the bearer. The guard will also be responsible whenever possible if the student
used a wrong ID and be immediately reported the incidents to the school
administration. He will also be held liable for the wrong information declared in
the RFID.
53
Time in Time Out Module
Time In
<<include>> Display
Student Info
<<extend>>
Record
Time
STUDENT
<<include>>
Time Out
Figure 9 Use Case Diagram Time in Time out Module
After the RFID machine validated the students’ ID, the system will record
the time in and time out being recognized then displays the information of the ID
owner. Upon the student's entry and tapped the RFID the time-in will be recorded
to the database then it will send the SMS to the parents. To register the timeout,
the student will again tap the RFID then the system will record the time-out then it
will send SMS notification to the parents. So, in this figure, it showed and stated
the records of students time-in and time- out stored in the database.
54
GSM MODULE
Record Time In
<<extend>>
Send SMS
Record Time
STUDENT
Out
<<extend>>
Send SMS
Figure 10 Use Case Diagram SMS Module
The figure 11 is the SMS Module responsible for sending SMS and
notification. This module is held liable for sending time-in and time-out of the
students, payment notification and class cancellation. So, when the student
tapped his ID on the RFID reader, the machine will validate and record the time
in and time out; it will then send a text message to the parents of the ID holder
indicating the time-in or time-out of the students.
55
Administrator Web Module
Account
Settings
Student RFID
LOGIN Registration
Administrator
Parent Web
Registration
SMS and Time in

Time out
Reports
Figure 11 Use Case Diagram Administrator Web Module
The figure shows how the administrator can accept and register RFID,
parent web account registrations and generate reports based on the time in and
time out of the students and SMS History reports. Upon enrollment the student
will go to the MIS department to get the RFID and fill out registration forms, the
parent also is advice to accompany with the student for the parent account
registrations. The admin can monitor the real time-in and time-out of the
students. The admin can also add an account for the Registrar and accounting
personnel who are responsible for sending SMS Payment notifications and
cancellation of classes.
56
Parent Web Module
LOGIN
<<include>>
Time in Time
out Reports
Parent
Figure 12 Use Case Diagram Parent Web Module
This parent web module will help the parent to monitor their children’s
daily school time-in and time-out without going to the school, and it generates
reports of the time-in and time-out of the students by weekly, daily and monthly.
57
Registrar Module
LOGIN
<<include>>
Registrar Send SMS
Figure 2 Use Case Diagram Registrar Web Module
The figure shows how the registrar can send SMS to all parents for any
announcement of the cancellation of classes.
Accounting Module
LOGIN
<<include>>
Accounting
Send SMS
Figure 3 Use Case Diagram Accounting Web Module
The figure shows upon login with their accounts the accounting personnel
can send SMS payment notifications to all parents Senior High School.
58
Coding Phase
The proponent will start the development of the system. For the coding
paradigm, the proponent will use structured programming where Programs are
divided into small self-contained functions in which focuses on process and
logical structure and the data required for that process.
The proponent will use VB.Net for the capturing of RFID of the student
and validate the if the card is still valid including sending of SMS. Mysql is used
as the medium for retrieving and storing data. For the admin side and parent,
PHP programming is used to develop the web interface of the e-notify system.
Testing Phase
In this phase, the researcher will present the testing plan and the
operating procedure of each module.
There are four major testing phases that need to be completed before
implementing a program: unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and
acceptance testing.
Unit Testing
During this first round of testing, the program is submitted to assessments
that focus on specific units or components of the software to determine whether
each one is fully functional. The main goal of this endeavor is to determine
59
whether the application functions as designed. A unit may refer to a task,
individual program or even a process in this step, and typically a White-box
Testing approach is used to get the job done. One of the greatest advantages of
this testing process is that it can be executed any time a piece of code is
modified, allowing problems to be solved as soon as possible. Before launching,
unit testing is very popular for software developers.
Integration Testing
Integration testing provides the ability for individuals to integrate all units
within a system and test them as a group. This level of testing is designed for
detecting interface faults between the modules / functions. This is especially
advantageous as it defines the efficiency with which the units work together. Bear
in mind that no matter how well each device operates, if not properly
implemented, this will affect the software program's functionality. Individuals may
use various test methods to perform these types of tests, but the particular
method used to perform the job would rely greatly on how the units are
described.
System Testing
Testing of device development framework is the first step in which the
whole program is evaluated as a whole. At this point, the aim is to determine
60
whether the system has met all of the criteria outlined and to ensure whether it
meets the quality standards. System testing is carried out by independent testers
who haven't played a part in the program development. This research is carried
out in environment.
Acceptance Testing
During the life cycle of Software development, changes in specifications
can often be misunderstood in a way that does not meet the users ' intended
needs. During this final step, the customer must check the program to see
whether the application meets the needs of their organization. Once the phase is
now complete and the software has passed, the program will then be delivered to
production.
Software Test Plan Flow
Figure 45 Software Test Plan
61
Test Specification a speciﬁcation of inputs, expected results, and a set of
execution steps associated with the testing of modules. This section contains
subsections for each of the modules to be tested and each sub module is
speciﬁes the cases to be tested. Different types of software testing are performed
depending on the size of the project, the current project phase, and the amount
of progress made in the coding process. The types of testing include Unit testing
which can also be called application testing and is used for evaluating specific
pieces of code like functions and modules. Programmers will check each module
to ensure that it performs as needed. Integration testing that will test the
interfaces between modules; System integration testing is performed when the
system needs to interface with other or third party systems. The testing tests
against system specification for interfaces to other systems. Acceptance testing
is a testing by the customer or end user to define whether the software is
acceptable. In test code, you will be in a position to see what module is needed
to fix or revise after the execution and to review those test results.
62
Table 4 Test Matrix
MODULES TEST TYPE

RFID Unit Testing / Integration Testing
SMS Unit Testing / Integration Testing
Time in Time Out Unit Testing / Integration Testing
Administrator Web Unit Testing / Integration Testing
Parent Unit Testing / Integration Testing
Registrar Unit Testing / Integration Testing
Accounting Unit Testing / Integration Testing
In test plan, the devices such as the RFID and GSM will go on testing and
trial to know whether the machine is working and the system can integrate with
the instrument.
Below is the unit test plan of each module
Table 5 RFID Module
Test ID 1
Test Name RFID
Description Ensure that components pass unit and integration
testing, and perform basic operations as expected.
Pre-requisite None
Test Environment Acceptance Server
Test Strategy Unit Testing
Step Descriptions Expected Results

1 Open the e-Notify Application. The application is displayed correctly
2 It should be responsible when The application will read and display
Tapping the RFID Card to the the unique serial of the RFID card.
RFID reader
63
To check for the RFID integrations, the testing condition will be conducted
in the morning between 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM where the student is passing
through the main entrance of the school.
Table 6 SMS Module
Test ID 1
Test Name SMS
Pre-requisite None
SEND SMS and TYPE SMS

1 Open the e-Notify Application. The application will display Message
2 It should accept input. The GSM will accept text input.
3 It should response by sending The GSM will send SMS Notification
SMS to the mobile phone of stating the full name of the student
the parents. including the time in or time out to the
parents.
To check for the GSM SMS integrations and the sending of SMS the
testing condition will be conducted in the morning between 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM
where the student is passing through the main entrance of the school, and it will
be attended by at least 2 to 3 parents who have a mobile phone.
Table 7 Time in Time out Module
Test ID 1
Test Name Time in Time out
Pre-requisite None
64
Test Strategy System and Database Testing
Time in Time Out

1 It should display the RFID data Shows the student information
2 It should accept the time data Time will be displayed.

from the system.
3 It should record the time in Time in and Time out of the student is
and time out of the student in recorded in the database.
the database
The testing condition for a time in and time out of the student will be
conducted in the morning between 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM. The testing will be
particularly of the testing accuracy of database section.
Table 8 Administrator Web Module
Test ID 1
Test Name Administrator Web
Pre-requisite None
Test Strategy Unit and Web Testing
Administrator Webpage
1 It should display the The Web Login Page displays correctly
Administrator Login Page
2 It should attempt to search the Search results are associated with the
student data (all results found search query, and the method to save
in DB path) the query to the database is called.
3 Enter a search student name" A search query with the entered
input. student name and displayed the
student information including time in
and time out history
65
4 Register Student RFID and A search result will be base in the
Student information Student RFID if no record the data will
be saved and RFID Card is ready to
use.
Student RFID card registrations will be tested or conducted between 1 to 3

pm. The testing will be the focus in querying student RFID registrations and
generating time in time out the history of the student including printing.
Table 9 Registrar Web Module
Test ID 1
Test Name Registrar Web

Pre-requisite None
Registrar Web Pages

1 It should display the Login The Web Login Page displays correctly
Page
2 It should accept input. The text box will accept text input.
3 It should respond by sending The SMS class cancellation
SMS to the mobile phone of notifications send to the parents.
the parents.
To check for the sending of SMS class cancellation, the testing condition
will be conducted in the morning between 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM and it will be
attended by MIS personnel and at least two parents who have a mobile phone.
66
Table 10 Accounting Web Module
Test ID 1
Test Name Accounting Web
Pre-requisite None
Registrar Web Pages

1 It should display the Login The Web Login Page displays correctly
Page
2 It should accept input. The text box will accept text input.
3 It should respond by sending The SMS Payment notifications send to
SMS to the mobile phone of the parents.
the parents.
To check for the sending of SMS payment notification, the testing

condition will be conducted in the morning between 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM and it
will be attended by MIS personnel and at least two parents who have a mobile
phone.
Operating Procedures
This is a step by step system instruction gathered to carry out the
operating procedure of RFID. It aims to aid the parents, faculty and the school
management through SMS regarding monitoring of the students time-in and time-
67
out. Below are the different operating procedures of each RFID Module that
indicate system and work instructions.
Table 11 RFID Module
MODULE: RFID
Process Work Instructions
Start
For a student be able to go on
the school campus.
Tap RFID A student should use the RFID

provide by the school and tap
is to the RFID reader at the
gate entrance.
N Valid Y
ID
The e-notify system will

ID Validated validate the RFID.
After validation, an image will

End
show to the monitor of the
students.
68
Table 12 SMS Module
MODULE: SMS
Start
After the student Tapped the
RFID the e-notify will:
Time in Time out
From RFID Record the time-in of the
student.
Record Time in For going out, it will also

Time Out record the time-out.
In every Time in Time out SMS

Send SMS
Notifications will be sent to the
parent.
End
69
Table 13 Time in Time out Module
MODULE: TIME IN TIME OUT
Start
RFID Data
Process RFID data from
tapping.
N Y
VALID
ID Check RFID Validity.
Record Time-in
Time Out It will record the Time-in and
Time Out of the students to the
database.
Send SMS to the
Parent Send SMS Time in Time out
notifications.
Display Student Display the student information

information including pictures in the screen
End
70
Table 14 Administrator Module
MODULE: ADMINISTRATOR
Start
Login The administrator will log in to the

web page.
N Y Display Menu
Login Valid
Get Selections If you go to the Student and
parent section, the RFID card can
be registered, and creation
parents account also included
N is Selection Y
Check Value
>= 4 At the Account settings, you can
create Registrars account and
Y
accounting accounts.
1 2 3
Student Time in Time The Time in time out reports can
Account
/Parent RFID
Settings Menu
Out Reports also be generated base on your
Registration Menu selected student account.
Menu
Process Send SMS Display

Registration Notifications Reports
End
71
Table 15 Registrar Module
MODULE: REGISTRAR
Start
Login the Registrars account.

Login
After the login, SMS page will be

N Y Display SMS displayed. The registrar will type
Login Valid
Pages the SMS Class cancellations, and
it will be sent to the parents.
Type and
Send SMS
End
72
Table 16 Accounting Module
MODULE: ACCOUNTING
Start
Login the Accounting account.

Login
After the login, SMS page for

N Y Display SMS payment notifications will be
Login Valid
Pages displayed. The authorized
accounting personnel can send
payment notifications to the
Type and Send parents.
Payment SMS
Notifications
End
Deployment Phase
For the deployment of the system, the researcher will be using a parallel
approach that ensures the application performs correctly by monitoring the
device and data in the database that will last for one month. The system is now
ready to use and installed in school premises training may be required for end
users to make sure they know how to use the system.
73
Maintenance Phase
In this stage of maintenance, a remedial care should be applied. This
includes revisions and updating done to correct or fix problems, which are either
discovered by the user or concluded by user error reports. There will also be a
quarterly maintenance in a view to check the efficiency of the system while
students are using it. Database backup is also a part of the maintenance.
3.2.3 Evaluation
After the testing strategies have been conducted, the proponent will create
an evaluation questionnaire to assess the software further. The formulation of
questionnaires will be based on the ISO 9126, which is the software product
evaluation standard from the International Organization for Standardization. This
international standard defines five characteristics that describe software quality
namely:
(1) Functionality- The software features will be checked if they are all working
correctly.
(2) Reliability- The software’s fault tolerance and recoverability are high; it
will not crash.
(3) Usability- The application can easily be understood and navigated by the
end-users. The design and images to be used are easy to recognize.
74
(4) Efficiency- The system responds precisely and efficiently to the
commands. It uses resources such as memory, the CPU, and the
network.
(5) Maintainability- The software is easy to maintain, and it is stable.
(6) Portability- The software can be used and run in different web browsers’
versions and screen resolutions. It does not require vital programs that are
hard to install.
These characteristics were rated by the respondents using the 5-point
Likert scale as shown in Table 3.
Table 17 Likert Scale
Scale Range Interpretation

5 4.6 - 5.0 Strongly Agree
4 3.7 - 4.5 Agree
3 2.8 - 3.6 Neither agree nor disagree
2 1.9 - 2.7 Disagree
1 1.0 - 1.8 Strongly Disagree
On the other hand, the statistical treatments for this study were frequency
and percentage distributions for data presentation and weighted mean to
determine the results of the software evaluation. Below is the evaluation criteria
used by the proponent.
75
Software Evaluation Criteria
Direction:
Check the box that corresponds to your answer. Use the legend as your guide.
LEGEND: 5 - Strongly Agree 4 - Agree 3 - Neutral

2 - Disagree 1- Strongly Disagree
Table 18 Software Evaluation Criteria
Ratings
Criteria Indicators
5 4 3 2 1
The software performs the tasks
Functionality
required.
The software shows the result as
expected.
The software interacts with another
system.
The software prevents unauthorized
access.
Most of the faults in the software
Reliability
been eliminated over time.
The software capable of handling
errors.
The software resumes working and
restores lost data after a failure.
The user comprehends the use of the
Usability
system easily.
The user learns to use the system
easily.
The user uses the system without
much effort.
The interface looks good.
Efficiency The system responds quickly.
The system efficiently utilizes
resources.
Maintainability Faults are easily diagnosed.
The software can be easily modified.
The software continues functioning if
changes are made.
The software is tested easily.
76
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Results by phase of study
Technical Description
IOT world where you can interact and communicate intelligently just about
everything. In other words, the physical world is becoming one big knowledge
with the Internet of Things. Utilizing device that can capture student time-in and
time-out through passive Radio frequency identification Technology and send
messages through the SMS technology will be a real help knowing that the child
is already inside the campus. The admin part of the system will manage the RFID
registrations, administer the Parents’ account creation, monitor the Time-in Time-
out Data and generates a time-in time out reports. The registrar of the school will
handle the SMS notifications of cancellation of classes while the Accounting will
be in-charge to address the SMS notification of school payments. The project
focuses only on monitoring Senior High School students.
The first objective of the study is to utilize a device that can capture
student time in and time out through passive Radio Frequency Identification
Technology.
77
Figure 5 RFID Time-in Time-out Interface
The figure above shows the RFID is being tapped and check for RFID
validity from the database server and displays the picture of the student who
tapped the RFID. It will add the record of the time-in or time-out of the student,
including the SMS notifications.
The second objective of the study is to design an application that will notify
users via short message service technology of the following:
a. Class cancellation
Figure 6 Class Cancellation
78
The above figure shows the flow of the SMS Format on how the parents
will be notified whenever there are cancellations of classes. The Registrar who is
the authorized person to send notifications to the parents is the one who is
responsible for sending class cancellation.
b. Student time-in and Time-out
Figure 7 Students Time-in and Time-out
The above Student’s Time-in and Time-out figure shows the record of
each student who individually tapped the RFID.
c. Payment notification based on payment selected scheme or tuition fee.
79
Figure 8 Payment Notifications
Figure 18 shows the send payment notifications; it can send monthly
notification of the students to send to the authorized person from the accounting
department.
80
The third objective is to generate reports such as:
a. Student time-in and Time-out
Figure 209 Students Time in Timeout Report
The Figure above regarding the students’ time-in time-out report shows
the date of the students’ entry and exit. The reports generate daily, weekly,
monthly and yearly reports of the students time-in and time-out.
81
b. SMS Message History
Figure 10 SMS Messages History Report
The above figure shows the sent and unsent reports SMS. Through this
SMS History Reports the Admin as the responsible person can select or search
students’ SMS Records.
4.2 Verification studies
Software Evaluation Using ISO9126
The study is to evaluate the acceptability of the system using the
ISO9126. The software was assessed using the set of quality metrics/criteria
stated to validate the effectiveness of the software being developed. Criteria rank
82
according to the opinion of respondents after evaluating the software, five being
the highest and one as lowest.
Table 19 Mean Score for Time-in Time-out
The response in the Functionality Criteria:

Parents Respondents
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Functionality
 The system can detect the ID of each Student 5.0

through RFID reader.
 The system can identify the Information, time in and 5.0
out of each student.
 The system displays the students’ picture 4.8
accurately.
 The system has the capacity for multi-user 5.0
processing
 The Web based Time-in Time-out History accurately 5.0
display.
 The SMS notifications easily received and sent to 4.8
parents.
Average 4.93
There were 56 responses among the Parent Respondents who Strongly
Agreed that the software/system is fully functional regarding detecting,
identifying, and displaying the student's picture for proper identification as well as
the easy receiving and sending SMS to the parents. As such, only 4 of the
respondents were in the Agreed level, and no respondents answered for the last
83
three categories on the scale. The total weighted mean for the Parents
respondents for the functionality of the system is 4.93.
Table 20 Weighted Mean for the Admin Module
The response in the Functionality Criteria:

School Admin
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Functionality
 The system can send SMS Payment Notifications 4.7
 The system can add parents and student RFID 5.0

Accounts.
 The Web based SMS History accurately display. 5.0
 The Web based Time-in Time-out History accurately 5.0

display.
 The SMS notifications easily sent to parents. 4.7
Average 4.88
The total weighted mean of 4.88 for the school admin respondents was
distributed accordingly. Among the 50 responses on School admin as
Respondents, 44 of them Strongly Agreed that the module response functionality
is truly functional and visible. However, 6 of the respondents cast their Agreed
situation may be due to some delay of SMS text received.
84
Table 21 Weighted Mean Responses in the Reliability Criteria
Parents Respondents
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Reliability
 The system can generate a report of Time in and 5.0

Time out.
 The system produces correct data through 5.0
students’ identification cards.
 The system can generate report of SMS History 5.0
Average 5.0
The total weighted mean of 5.0 was justified through the reliability of the
system software; all the parent's respondents were Strongly Agreed that the
reliability of the system can easily generate reports and shows accurate data of
the students.
Table 22 Weighted Mean Responses in the Reliability Criteria:
School Admin Respondents
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Reliability
 Produce the expected output or results 5.0
 Software does not have energy related wear-out 5.0

phase.
85
 Produce correct student data using Identification 5.0
cards.
Average 5.0
All the School admin Respondents who STRONGLY AGREED in the
reliability test of the software is HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE. The weighted mean, 5.0
of Reliability criteria in the school admin’ respondents group, falls on the
HIGHLYACCEPTABLE scale.
Table 23 Weighted Mean Responses in the Usability Criteria
Parents Respondents
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Usability
 Can be understood, learned, used and appear 4.8

attractive to the user.
 Provides on-screen prompts and messages that 4.6
are clear and helpful to the end users
 It is user-friendly. 4.8
 It is of great help to the end users in replacement to the 4.8

manual system
Average 4.75
The Parents as respondents STRONGLY AGREED that the software is
usable and user-friendly. On the other hand, only one respondent was
dissatisfied with software which is on the Moderately Agreed response. It is
86
evidently seen in the weighted mean, 4.75 of the Usability criteria under
parents’ respondents’ category. The resulted means of the proposed system
can be easily learned, understood, beneficial and attractive to the user.
Table 24 Weighted Mean Responses in the Usability Criteria
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Usability
 Can be understood, learned, used and appear 4.8

attractive to the user.
 Provides on-screen prompts and messages that 4.8
are clear and helpful to the end users
 It is user-friendly. 4.8
 It is of great help to the end users in replacement to the 4.6

manual system
Average 4.75
Not all of the school admin in the set of respondents STRONGLY
AGREED in the usability of the system. The weighted mean, 4.75 of Usability
criteria in the respondent's group still falls on the Highly Acceptable scale to the
parent's responses which have the same weighted mean scale.
87
Table 25 Weighted Mean Responses in the Efficiency Criteria
Parents Respondents
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Efficiency
 The software respond time is appropriate 4.6
 The software execution time is appropriate 4.9
 The resources used are appropriate. 4.7
 End users respond accurately and actively to the 4.6
commands.
Average 4.7
There was a total of 3 responses from the parents’ respondents who
STRONGLY AGREED that the software is capable of providing appropriate
response while performing its function. On the other hand, there were six parents
who AGREED that the system uses appropriate storage resource of the
computer and 3 MODERATELY AGREED. The weighted mean, 4.68 of the
Efficiency criteria under the Barangay health workers respondents group, falls on
the HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE scale.
The resulted 4.7 weighted mean showed that proposed system is
efficient, and users can respond correctly was evident.
Table 26 Weighted Mean Responses in the Efficiency Criteria
Criterion Weighted
Mean
Efficiency
 The software respond time is appropriate 4.9
 The software execution time is appropriate 4.7
88
 The resources used are appropriate. 4.6
 End users respond accurately and actively to the 4.8
commands.
Average 4.75
There were 32 responses among school admin in the set of respondents
who STRONGLY AGREED that the system is HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE regarding
Efficiency criteria. Also, six replies were AGREED in the capability of the
software regarding resource utilization and time behavior, and two replies were
among the Moderately Agreed. The weighted mean, 4.75 of Efficiency criteria in
the school admin’ respondents, is closely related to the responses of the parent's
group of respondents and both fall on the HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE scale.
Table 27 Parents Respondents Summary of the Software Evaluation on e-Notification
Criterion Mean Interpretation

A. Functionality 4.93 Highly Acceptable
B. Reliability 5.00 Highly Acceptable
C. Usability 4.75 Highly Acceptable
D. Efficiency 4.7 Highly Acceptable
Table 28 School Admin Respondents Summary of the Software Evaluation on E-Notification
Criterion Mean Interpretation

A. Functionality 4.88 Highly Acceptable
B. Reliability 5.00 Highly Acceptable
C. Usability 4.75 Highly Acceptable
D. Efficiency 4.75 Highly Acceptable
89
In general, the software yielded a total weighted mean of 4.85, from both
parents and school admin respondents which fall on HIGHLY ACCEPTABLE
interpretation of data. Also, it is already proven that there is no significant
difference among the response of the compared means of the two categories of
respondents.
90
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 SUMMARY
Radio Frequency Identification is the way in tracking the student’s time –
in and time out. With the help of the system RFID and the Internet of Things, the
students monitoring is easy to access and the accuracy and reliability of the data,
the system gives accurate information to the parents.
The IoT provides information through SMS, a very convenient method of
communication with the maximized used of technology. Parents and students
communicative process will now be a brilliant fashion of communication. The
conducted software evaluation takes a significant part in the achievement of the
objectives of the study.
5.2 Conclusions
Based on the aims of the study and the results of the evaluation the
following conclusions were drawn;
1. With the used of the RFID students monitoring system, the time-in and time
out of the students will be easily sent to parents via SMS since RFID
captured the data of students’ time-in and time-out accurately.
91
2. With the help of the RFID, the designed application that notifies users via
Short Message Service Technology were accessed and determined quickly.
The cancellation of classes, students time-in and time-out and the payment
notification based on payment scheme of tuition fee was accurately
observed. The data on this application is secured; the location of each
student was tracked.
3. Generating reports with the help of internet browsers is convenient and
flexible for printing the History of SMS and Time-in time-out.
5.3 Recommendations
The researcher of the study further recommends the following:
1. Utilization of Active RFID to maximize the use of technology.
2. Adding android application to take full advantage of the monitoring of the
student inside and out of the campus.
3. Recommended to be used by other neighbouring schools
92

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Enhancing the Students’ Monitoring System Using RFID

Through Internet of Things (IoT)

Presented to the Department of

In fulfillment of the Requirements

TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………………. 01

LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………. 03

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………..………. 05

1.1. Introduction ……………..………………………………………….. 17

1.2. Background of the Study ………………………………………….. 20

1.3. Objectives of the Study ……………………………………………. 23

1.4. Significance of the Study …………………………………………... 24

1.5. Scope and Delimitations ……………………………………………. 25

2.1. Review of Related Literature and Studies ………………….…… 27

2.2. Concept of the Study ……………………………………….............. 40

2.3. Definition of Terms ………….…………………………………........ 41

3. OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK ………………………………………..... 46

3.1. Materials ………………………………………................................... 46

3.1.1. Software ……………………………………….......................... 46

3.1.2. Hardware ………………………………………….................... 46

3.2. Methods ………………………………………............................. 47

3.2.1. Developmental Design ……………………………………….. 48

3.2.2. Procedures for the different phases …………………….… 48

3.2.3. Evaluation ………………………………………..................... 74

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ……………………………………….... 77

4.1. Results by phase of study ……………………………………….... 77

4.2. Verification studies ………………………………………............... 82

5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS ……….... 91

5.1. Summary ….………………………………………............................ 91

5.2. Conclusion …..………………………………………........................ 91

5.3. Recommendations ………………………………………................ 92

Table 1 Interview Questionnaire.……………………………………………………..………………… 48

Table 2 - Hardware Specifications………………………………………………….…………………… 49

Table 3 - Software Specifications……………………………………………………….…………….… 50

Table 4 Test Matrix………………………………………………………………………………..…………... 63

Table 5 RFID Module…………………………………………………………………………………………… 63

Table 6 SMS Module…………………………………………………………………………………………… 64

Table 7 Time in Time out Module………………………………………………………………….….… 64

Table 8 Administrator Web Module……………………………………………………………..….… 65

Table 9 Registrar Web Module………………………………………………………………………..…. 66

Table 10 Accounting Web Module…………………………………………………………….………… 67

Table 11 RFID Module………………………………………………………………………………………… 68

Table 12 SMS Module………………………………………………………………………………………… 69

Table 13 Time in Time out Module………………………………………………….……………….… 70

Table 14 Administrator Module……………………………………………………….………………… 71

Table 15 Registrar Module………………………………………………………………….……………… 72

Table 16 Accounting Module………………………………………………………………..…………..… 73

Table 17 Likert Scale………………………………………………………………………….…………….…. 75

Table 18 Software Evaluation Criteria…………………………………………………...…………… 76

Table 19 Mean Score for Time-in Time-out………………………………………………………… 83

Table 20 Weighted Mean for the Admin Module……………………………………………..… 84

Table 21 Weighted Mean Responses in the Reliability Criteria…………………..………. 85

Table 23 Weighted Mean Responses in the Usability Criteria……………………....…… 86

Table 24 Weighted Mean Responses in the Usability Criteria……………………….…… 87

Table 25 Weighted Mean Responses in the Efficiency Criteria…………………..…..…. 88

Table 26 Weighted Mean Responses in the Efficiency Criteria…………………….……. 88

Table 27 Parents Respondents Summary of the

Table 28 School Admin Respondents Summary of the

Figure 1 Trimex Colleges ………………………………………………………….………….………… 22

Figure 2 System Boundary Using RFID …………………………………………………….…… 26

Figure 3 Input Process Output……………………………………………………………….……… 40