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    MEQ-105 Assignment 1

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    Mahmood Hussain

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    MEQ-105 Assignment 1

    Uploaded by

    Mahmood Hussain
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    16 views31 pages

    MEQ-105 Assignment 1

    Uploaded by

    Mahmood Hussain

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 31

    MEQ-105

    Seismology and Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering


    By Prof. Syed M. Abbas (D/o Civil Engineering)
    JMI, New Delhi

    (Assignment 01)
    Submitted by Mahmood Hussain
    Roll. No. 19MEQ023
    Student M.Tech. (Earthquake Engg.)
    D/o Civil Engineering
    JMI, New Delhi
    Problem Statement
    Discuss the recent FIVE earthquakes happened in the World having
    more that 5 magnitude on the Richter Scale
    Basis For Selection
    Red lines indicate major
    plates boundaries and Blue
    lines indicate minor plates
    boundaries
    Purple lines shows fault
    lines and small triangles
    shows monitoring
    stations.
    Map shows
    earthquakes of
    magnitude greater
    than 6 in and around
    India in last 20 years.
    [Data: usgs.gov]
    Another source
    confirms the
    same.
    • Only 4.34 lakh [2019 data] people live in Andaman and Nicobar.
    • Out of 572 Islands only 38 Islands are inhabited.
    • 1400 km from mainland India and 1000 km from Thailand, the
    Andaman and Nicobar Islands are one of the most remote spots on
    the planet. [wikitravel.org]

    • Why do we even bother about Andaman and Nicobar archipelago?

    Fun Fact: The Sentinelese are an uncontacted (50,000 years) tribe living on North Sentinal Island, one of the
    Andaman Islands in the Indian Ocean. They vigorously reject all contact with outsiders. (Neanderthals went
    extinct only 30,000 years ago; First Kingdom, script, money polytheistic religion appeared 5000 years ago)
    • North south configuration of the islands makes it a vital force
    multiplier, the local geography grants India excessive leverage, the
    north most tip is less than 300 kms away from the mainland of
    Myanmar while the south most tip of the Nicobar islands is little over
    200 kms from Indonesia.
    • From end to end island chain is well over 800 kms and even though
    archipelago accounts for just 0.2% of India’s landmass it provides for
    about 1/3 of its Exclusive Economic Zone.
    • Every Merchant vessel passes through the
    strait of Malacca [between Indonesia and
    Malaysia] must navigate through the cannels
    located on either sides of the Andaman and
    Nicobar Islands. (Chokepoint)
    • In 2019 India commissioned Military
    Infrastructure development plan on Andaman
    and Nicobar Archipelago.
    Tsunami of December 26, 2004

    • 9.1 magnitude earthquake struck Indian Ocean near Indian Ocean.


    • Generated massive Tsunami.
    • Killed 2,30,000 people in 14 countries. 20,000 in India.
    • Aftermath: 35 motion accelerometers and GNSS (Global Navigation
    Satellite System) receivers were set up on Andaman and Nicobar
    Island. It vastly improves tsunami warning capabilities of ITEWC
    Hyderabad.
    EQ 1
    M 6.1 - Andaman Islands, India region 2006
    https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp00
    0e9dn/executive
    M 6.1 - Andaman Islands, India region 2006
    Interaction Map
    Intensity
    PGA and PSV Data
    EQ 2
    M 7.5 - Andaman Islands, India region 2009
    https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp00
    0h05x/executive
    M 7.5 - Andaman Islands, India region 2009
    Interaction map
    Intensity
    PGA and PSV Data
    EQ 3
    M 6.1 - 239 km E of Port Blair, India 2020
    https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/u
    s7000aqaw/executive
    M 6.1 - 239 km E of Port Blair, India 2020
    Interaction map
    Intensity
    PGA and PSV Data
    Learnings:

    • Overall, the population in this


    region resides in structures that
    are vulnerable to earthquake
    shaking, though resistant
    structures exist. The
    predominant vulnerable building
    types are adobe block with
    wood and rubble/field stone
    masonry construction.
    Learnings:
    • Due to local factors and model limitations, ground failure may still
    occur when alert levels indicate little or no hazard.
    • With Plans of Military Infrastructure Spending planned in the future
    building and transport facilities need to be accounted for seismic
    activities. And dynamic load considerations and adequate damping
    needs to be done as a road to future in the area.
    • Extensive damage occurred to the coastal and harbor structures in
    the A&N islands during 2004 Earthquake therefore Specifications
    need to be developed for the seismic design of harbor structures.
    • Flexible seismic joints must be provided in long pipelines.
    Reference Links
    • Effect of 2004 Sumatra Earthquake
    http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/RP/2006_Transportation_EQSpectra.pdf
    • Sources:
    seismo.gov.in
    earthquake.usgs.gov
    volcanodiscovery.com

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