Class-9th Geography India - Size and Location

India –Size and Location
Introduction
 India is one of the ancient civilisations in the
world. It has achieved multi-faceted
socioeconomic progress during the last five
decades.
 It has moved forward displaying remarkable
progress in the field of agriculture,

industry, technology and overall economic
development.
 India has also contributed significantly to the
making of world history.

LOCATION
 India is a vast country. Lying entirely in the Northern
hemisphere (Figure 1.1) the main land extends
between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes
68°7'E and 97°25'E.
 The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into
almost two equal parts.
 To the southeast and southwest of the mainland, lie the
Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep
islands in Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea respectively.
 The southernmost point of the Indian Union– ‘Indira
Point’ got submerged under the sea water in 2004
during the Tsunami.
SIZE of INDIA
 The land mass of India has an area of 3.28
million square km. India’s total area
accounts for about 2.4 per cent of the total
geographical area of the world.
 India is the seventh largest country of the
world.
 India has a land boundary of about 15,200
km and the total length of the coast line of

the mainland including Andaman and
Nicobar and Lakshadweep is 7,516.6 km.
SIZE of INDIA
 India is bounded by the young fold mountains
in the northwest, north and north east. South
of about 22° north latitude, it begins to taper,
and extends towards the Indian Ocean,
dividing it into two seas, the Arabian Sea on
the west and the Bay of Bengal on its east.
 The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the
mainland is about 30°. Despite this fact the
east-west extent appears to be smaller than
the north-south extent.
SIZE of INDIA
 From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a
time lag of two hours.
 The Standard Meridian of India (82°30'E)
passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar

Pradesh) is taken as the standard time for
the whole country.
 The latitudinal extent influences the duration
of the day and night, as one moves from

south to north.

INDIA AND THE WORLD
 The Indian landmass has a central location between
the East and the West Asia. India is a southward
extension of the Asian Continent.
 The trans Indian Ocean routes which connect the
countries of Europe in the West and the countries
of East Asia provide a strategic central location to
India.
 The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the Indian
ocean, thus helping India to establish close
contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the
western coast and with Southeast and East Asia
from the eastern coast.
INDIA AND THE WORLD
 No other country has a long coastline on the
Indian Ocean as India has and indeed, it is
India’s eminent position in the Indian
Ocean which justifies the naming of an
Ocean after it.
 Since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869,
India’s distance from Europe has been

reduced by 7,000 km.
INDIA AND THE WORLD
 India’s contacts with the World have
continued through the ages but her
relationships through the land routes are
much older than her maritime contacts.
The various passes across the mountains in
the north have provided passages to the
ancient travellers. These routes have
contributed in the exchange of ideas and
commodities since ancient times.
India and the World
 The ideas of the Upanishads and the
Ramayana, the stories of Panchtantra, the
Indian numerals and the decimal system thus
could reach many parts of the world.
 The spices, muslin and other merchandise were
taken from India to different countries.
 We also influenced by the other civilisations. the
influence of Greek sculpture, and the
architectural styles of dome and minarets from
West Asia can be seen in different parts of our
country.
INDIA’S NEIGHBOURS
 India occupies an important strategic
position in South Asia. India has 28
states and 7 Union Territories.
 India shares its land boundaries with
Pakistan and Afghanistan in the

northwest, China (Tibet), Nepal and
Bhutan in the north and Myanmar
and Bangladesh in the east.
India’s Neighbours
 Our southern neighbours across the sea
consist of the two island countries,
namelySri Lanka and Maldives. Sri Lanka is
separated from India by a narrow channel
of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the
Gulf of Mannar while Maldives Islands are
situated to the south of the Lakshadweep
Islands.
 India has had strong geographical and
historical links with her neighbours.



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India –Size and Location

progress in the field of agriculture,

making of world history.

km and the total length of the coast line of

passing through Mirzapur (in Uttar

of the day and night, as one moves from

India’s distance from Europe has been

Pakistan and Afghanistan in the

historical links with her neighbours.

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