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    Kashish Physics Project

    Uploaded by

    Nirmit Jaiswal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Kashish Physics Project

    Uploaded by

    Nirmit Jaiswal
    29 views6 pages

    Original Title

    Kashish Physics Project[1]

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    29 views6 pages

    Kashish Physics Project

    Uploaded by

    Nirmit Jaiswal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Aim

    To study the phenomenon of Electromagnetic Induction

    Introduction
    -Electro Magnet:
    An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced
    by electric current. The magnetic field disappears when the current is turned
    off.

    -INDUCTION:
    This process of generating current in a conductor by placing the conductor in a
    changing magnetic field is called induction.

    -Electromagnetic induction:
    Electromagnetic induction is the production of a potential difference (voltage)
    across a conductor when it is exposed to a varying magnetic field.
    Electromagnetic induction is when an electromagnetic field causes molecules
    in another object to flow. Induction can produce electricity (in coils), heat (in
    ferrous metals), or waves (in a radio transmitter).
    Finally, it is referring to the phenomenon where an emf is induced when the
    magnetic flux linking a conductor change.
    Magnetic Flux is defined as the product of the magnetic flux density and the
    area normal to the field through which the field is passing. It is a scalar quantity
    and its S.I. unit is the weber (Wb).

    -Principle:
    Electromagnetic induction (or sometimes just induction) is a process where a
    conductor placed in a changing magnetic field (or a conductor moving through
    a stationary magnetic field) causes the production of a voltage across the
    conductor. This process of electromagnetic induction, in turn, causes an
    electrical current, it is said to induce the current.
    Theory:
    -INVENSION:
    Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831
    though it may have been anticipated by the work of Francesco Zantedeschi in
    1829. Around 1830 to 1832, Joseph Henry made a similar discovery, but did not
    publish his findings until later.

    -Induced e.m.f:
    If magnetic flux through a coil is altered then an e.m.f. will be generated in the
    coil. This effect was first observed and explained by Ampere and Faraday
    between 1825 and 1831. Faraday discovered that an e.m.f. could be generated
    either by,
    (a) moving the coil or the source of flux relative to each other or
    (b) By changing the magnitude of the source of magnetic flux.

    Note that the e.m.f. is only produced while the flux is changing.

    For example, consider two coils as shown in Following Figure.


    -Working and Construction
    Current is produced in a conductor when it is moved through a magnetic field
    because the magnetic lines of force are applying a force on the free electrons in
    the conductor and causing them to move. This process of generating current in
    a conductor by placing the conductor in a changing magnetic field is called
    induction. This is called induction because there is no physical connection
    between the conductor and the magnet. The current is said to be induced in
    the conductor by the magnetic field. One requirement for this electromagnetic
    induction to take place is that the conductor, which is often a piece of wire,
    must be perpendicular to the magnetic lines of force in order to produce the
    maximum force on the free electrons. The direction that the induced current
    flows is determined by the direction of the lines of force and by the direction
    the wire is moving in the field. In theanimation above the ammeter (the
    instrument used to measure current) indicates when there is current in the
    conductor.

    -Lenz’s Law:
    When an emf is generated by a change in magnetic flux according to Faraday’s
    Law, the polarity of the induced emf is such that it produces a current whose
    magnetic field opposes the change which produces it. The induced magnetic
    field inside any loop of wire always acts to keep the magnetic flux in the loop
    constant. In the examples below, if the B field is increasing, the induced field
    acts in opposition to it. If it is decreasing, the induced field acts in the direction
    of the applied field to try to keep it constant.

    Application of Electromagnetic Induction.


    Electrical Generator:-
    The EMF generated by Faraday’s law of induction due to relative movement of
    a circuit and a magnetic field is the phenomenon underlying electrical
    generators. When a permanent magnet is moved relative to a conductor, or
    vice versa, an electromotive force is created. If the wire is connected through
    an electrical load, current will flow, and thus electrical energy is generated,
    converting the mechanical energy of motion to electrical energy.
    Electrical transformer:-
    The EMF predicted by Faraday’s law is also responsible for electrical
    transformers. When the electric current in a loop of wire changes, the changing
    current creates a changing magnetic field. A second wire in reach of this
    magnetic field will experience this change in magnetic field as a change in its
    coupled magnetic flux, dΦB/dt. Therefore, an electromotive force is set up in
    the second loop called the induced EMF or transformer EMF. If the two ends of
    this loop are connected through an electrical load, current will flow.

    Observation:-

    1. Magnet is moved at certain rate and certain voltage is produced.


    2. Magnet is moved at faster rate and creating a greater induced voltage.
    3. Magnet is moved at same speed through coil that has greater number of
    turn and greater voltage is induced.
    Conclusion:-

    Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction, first observed and published by


    Michael Faraday in the mid-nineteenth century, describes a very important
    electro-magnetic concept. Although its mathematical representations are
    cryptic, the essence of Faraday’s is not hard to grasp: it relates an induced
    electric potential or voltage to a dynamic magnetic field. This concept has
    many far-reaching ramifications that touch our lives in many ways: from the
    shining of the sun, to the convenience of mobile communications, to electricity
    to power our homes. We can all appreciate the profound impact Faraday’s Law
    has on us.

    Application of Electromagnetic Induction in Real


    Life:-

    The principles of electromagnetic induction are applied in many devices and


    systems, including:

    1. Electrical generators
    2. Induction motors
    3. Induction sealing
    4. Inductive charging
    5. Transformers
    6. Wireless energy transfer
    7. Wireless charger
    Bibliography:

    1. Wikipedia.com
    2. Google search engine
    3. www.youtube.com/knowledgecycle
    4. www.knowledgecycle.in
    5. Physics NCERT book for class XII

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