pongs, oelkntenate.

iotftooyws Simple Ditetou Hunan espirotary Steml

oiat Cuticle Nostrils > Nasal omber
Eanhoo Y n -

Nousal raADGe Phory*

Tnsct -
Tracheal Tuloules

Aayotc Arlnopods , Moluncs

s iahes -

Gills) Broucik- SDivide o Trachea loywx

Thovaao Vertebra
Reptiles, Birds s Mammals Luugs
-

2° Bronci Rronchi > rondiolu Aveoli

Lung ouble Aayered c0veiug

PLuera

* Hyom fyochee To Br0nchiole

Fluid bo JayesPueral
Flud
Breaing a Exchange Mave ntemplete (antiageuous iv*)
Reapirotory Syatem Uo Gase Lo x Sound box
Madu oCartilage
Epchange lmt
Covduetiin4 oret Steph o TApiration
Ext noOAAils Ao Alveoli
MEET 0 0 Breolhing
3 Bonclhioles
9iusio o0 UR 9iaion o Gots Acroks Alveoli
Mmiati es &C0 0ccws
Purity &

Atr anol bring it Trouspo01d o 204e

to body tuip 9 u s i o n ol goes bha Klood a tiut
UiLe of 0 to break food a release C o
Rreasune in oqs ABmaspeu
"extonnal
Inspirotion
BiaphraqmM e
mutdes conhract
Tnten t o a l
Breahing Biston
Samous eptleliu
Athuophenu. Meun bran
Expiation n Ruune in unga Alveoli

Basement
Biophragm & i e n eostal mwsles Substance

Telan lood Evelohetvm oilaies

. Aotunaltiou o
Hoemoglobin oith
Oxygen

sigmoio
CwvVee

w
Regmlaho DisOrde
fueunotaxic Centre O Aahma Tn{lammakion oBroncui a
CPoa) Broncio les
Chemo senitive are a Respiv odoy ortrolu,
Cadjocent to RRC) Rywn Ceutye
Breahng)
Emphyzema Alvei a clama9ed
iqerete amo kng.
Receptors in Caroti¢ (Medulla)
Ctoy e Aoydic Arch Occupational Grindin
Reapivato vay Tnolwtrieu
iROYdeO Stoe Ereaking
Long
Erporwu broAi
 wwwrGivw

Plaswma 90-927 Walov FibYuogew - CIrcti9

(SS) 6 - 8 7 Prolein Globuliws- Ealeuce
Flool Mineol > nutyiut AJounin-Osmuotic Ralonce
Foved elemeunts
(E) Clotting actor
ABO No Autbdy
XSnum ma -

Clottiugactor Blood
AB Uuiverol Reupient
Eyhoyte (rec)2 GrOufi R Rh*V
Uuivensal douor
- s-sS million/mw No Auige
Rh-ve
FOTmed in Red Bpui ManoLa
Nuclew absevt Body luida a| 6ryhroblastozig
AP
anaut Rh-ve
Have Haemcgiobin > h-l6
2/100 ul Civulation hoetolia Foetu Rh tve
lood
ile spon -120 days
Foebus cau
s
>Qnaeuia

GYaveyard o RECs bplun (Plakeleks (Thombroyte) Taund

FoTmed om Meaakonyotes
Formed FLemeuta 1Sto 3.s Aakh/mm
Help clotig blood
A*Coagulation o blbod
LeucocCytes ( o r c ) - 600 - 700
CloctRbyin + tapped oleacd 2
donagedl formed element
elood
Granuoyt Agyoulocyte NEET
Fibrin

BoAopi 0-S-1 Lymphoyte 20-257

(Fibrinoagn Thronbil Tebth
EOsinepil 2-3 7.
Monoyte 6 -8 7,
GuRU Prorowbin ThowbokavnaAe, Thrombin)
Nautrophil+ 60-bK 7
(ca
Cat2
. mp ble in ciotti
* Phogocytic > Nutopuil Mouocyte
Rasopuil> Hiatn uuin, Serotoun, Heponin - Tnvolved in
EOAluopuil > Rist Alergy inlamwalry
 Ope Civ yslem
ya pha Tasua/Tuterstial luid Meant Lange vewels - SMnus4
Blood aatern s madt protetu) = L p h
S some waten soiuuble
Closed Cir- 4stem
substamces Blood 4louo s in clozeel neko ork
vemela
Funchou > ExchO uge onutreintz & l e t Aidle has
aeA btw lalood & cell xgenotecl blood
Meuoolenmally deuved. KGlEaRTD ohile deorigenated)
pnatc Ayatenm> Srains lmph
oack into vetns Cov Pericardlium tn ight thomber.
Ly Tioo-Joyered
e in nmune reapones .TricupAt
o
Tuten-atrial eptum
Wolls ol, Veutrice Gru hicken 7 y a l ue

nam A&ria.
1 orivvm
Ario-veuin uloo
(.Finn p 2choubened
Ventride Nodal thasut auto-
exitable RA LA
Aeptunm

Sinale Crculation -Bicupai d/mit ral

odria Valve
RV LV
Sino Athial Nogl Ai-Ventritulon
Amplibian 3 chaymb ventricle Nocle Iute -ventnculo
Reples cOplete double circu SA Node
AV Noele
4optvm
2 otio
70-7Smin Sonni unan Valv e
-

Cro codile
homb Veut n de Ponkinje bveu
Birds
Mammal o w b l irculahon acemoken
Pacemoken
aguRe yom h e

ou 0-8 sec
Corndiae Cyele u wrai
eah
In one cadiac cle,
9iasto relaxation OT0nt 9iastole
Abial Syaktolu Increose blood louo by 30 ventricle pumps 70 l blood
Syatole - onhrochion 2
Venricular syatBola/Atnal ediastole
Sroke Volvme
Veutyicular diastole
 Atroke Val Heant vate Double CYculohion
Cardhac Oukpud x
beat pn inute
70 l X 72 So00l trY Pumonan PuluonoY
Lub
Rwononn Veis Circulat'on
Sounds Clozusu o Ricupaid/Tricupsid vau Arteny
9ub -
Sen- uunan valv es cloe Oxygenated
9oraygemoli
blocdl 6ood
Heant Syaleunic
Eleckro caioiograph (Eca) Vana Cirtulation
9ne io e a orist Aorta
CoMO
Staudond ECG 3 lead et ang aukl
Tiue
ATtey /veis
POepolamisaton ol Atria
>uton Tui ca exteina* endotmeli um
RS £epoiaruAation d Veutrücdles.
Piddle Tuuca meddia>smoolh muAce i n in ve
TRepalisotion ol Ventricles,
TnenTunica t ima
wact ven
Hepokic Tortal Ayatem btus. diguti ve
Regulation heaht mAcles.
CorOnay iyatem- only r
Myogenic- sell regukaked
Centre in Medulla inreane Ygiordes ahngina TectOrUL
OHypen teuion
heont vote by aympahebi Neivos, Acute chest paln
Migh BP)) dont reach hent|
atem. 1H0 a ligher 6uo ugh oxygen muuclea
bn0symphothetio N-S- decreou 90
hent Yate.
Ds Heant aiiwu
( CorOarty Arteny Heant canlt pump bloocd eectvely
Porenal medullo Arheosclerosis Cogestjon o wwg
to heont.
Aect veul Mhot Auppy blood Candiac Arrest Hemt stops beatg|
adrenalne heant roate. Arteiu NarTow » Bve Bo deposite
hor -adrenalit Heant Atack Heart muade is
oCalciuwm,1at, Choleteol a kibyous hiasve dawageddue
to o bloocl aupply
 Reproductive Heal Pical Maruageoble oje
*Faily piannig Emotional
19S Belavior Female Malt
Noo Reproductive a Child Healthcane (RcH)) Social 18

Population exploaion Amniownteais Test to dleternins toetal Aex

Tnoia Bosls Chromosomal Patenn al amnivtic a

U
947 350 milion
May 2000 Croseod Lbilluon to
Ltentility Tmabiity

R
woYJO i2 Jundiau
1deol onkracepkive
e Evey 6" peuOn n
produce chilol evn o4ten 2yeams

U
Uaon 4nendly upotecteol aeKyal
CPEasi&y ovailahl
*Populathon goult Yate in Cesus 2001 =)-7

G
ivdencowue
ie 17/100o/year Heetive
Reveruible

T
Population can doubil in 33 yea Zee/cast side olech
EE
Wor Ld 1900 2 biuon
2000 6 kilion
cyele)
N

Memtrval
Avoicd coitu hom day 10 to 17 a
Peiodic Abatinance
when ovulation is expetted (1entilk peiool)
(0 Natunol memood Male oilholra A penis Dm v A
Coitm ivdenuptu / awhdraa at Ju befort ejaculoion
Chanc oh taikune is. gh
Lautatation AmenovThea Abrence o Memtruation on ofton fbirh)
No side ehecta peiod oîntese latati
U
Upto 6 mondhs (aximm)
 COndom made af min vubben /Latex Pri ogenkngem
Sarien elmoos
oY bo male a hemole Progestogem +strog )
Ainpogable For emales

Biaphragm Prodects faom STAA Takem doily 4or 21 days tanhu

er emales Nirool h firt doy1 o Menstruai )
Cenvical caps Coven Cenvix
Vauls Cycle
PReuseablu
Iubibit ovulotione impiout ahon.

U
Vsecd
along wim aponmicidal cream
Jlies hoam iz weol to increase Change 9Juality a cervical mucus

R
s tu
pre veds eut o 4pm
eecivein

U
Saheli n o n - eoidal
Intya -Uteine cluvices FOncea week pil

G
(TUP) Insented loy expet do ckor /nunses By- Central nwg Restanch
in uteui ok 1emale Institute Lucknou

T
Tncreasts pthagocytetis o, Apem
9u supreas matility o Implont z
EE
4penm
Becrease ferhitin9 capacity Pogestogen cr fRogestrgen +exhog
c o b naton
penM .Vsed as injethiow jwplants
N

nden Akin
Non-medi cated ippu Loop lhan
lOgen eMechve peu pils
oPper eleasig CuT, CW7, Multiload 37
HoTone releauiug Progntasvt, LNG 20 Ms or TUDs >i weo widlin 72 wws * Qct as
Cneyncy contyncepti ve
makes utens uitable
hor iplantation.
avoi pegnancy im rape c asCs oY

note cted intenuouwne

(Swngicalmemed- Vosechom
male V
Va dehenem is cut s bed
(Medical Totmnahon o rgnouny (MT)
Tenminal memod 40 SO miluon MTP- done eNey
j
7 PImeverblu Tuwbec tomy moalt a oAal pregnan iu
Fallopian tube is ut : heo
ALO called stoúliaafion
Tnoia-Jeqalized MTP n 197

CSage duwng tivat timeter (12 wouka)

SxuaTavsnitted de (6TB:)/Venenat d (vR)/ Reproctuthive Tract
NCn Cunablt - Hepatitis B3 inchoR

U
Infentility Not able to
reproduce
Geital hups Assiated Reprodwetive Techneicgres (ART)

R
AIBS
Eanly sywpkcnw itching uid diachange,sligit poi n O 1VF tole wed by embryo traslun (Tost tub

U
baby)
uoelling tt Tn-vitr

G
Females may be asymptomai
-- 4entilisahon
upko 8 blasto mert mcre n a n
e t treat td can lead to PIE (Rivic In lab
Inflammaory de) blasto mere

T
ATiow Tranadeved to
Stl birh tautepiavn tube
Ayiiciol imemination (R)2
EE
Ecktpic pregnauoy Trasfemed
to uteus
male uwhe has low Canen Z1FT Z19ote intra 1altepian
Ffr aporm Ttilty eh
COUnt
Traahn
N

Can imewånote (emalu GIFT JUT Jutra UteNnt

SpenmOm huband donor 4amete intra jallop1am Trater
trawne to temale' vagina tube In vivo (entiisati on
Ovum ia dranufened from nlu
utenu door to
sahon is don in feinalta

1UT -Intra vterine i nueminaion, 4aluopian ube hem bryo á ramemed

hemale otuo cant produte it. to mohen obvo Con't concieve.
1SIT Intra -ytopiasic aptim injechon
Speninjecked derect y into ovUm But melhod Adoption o a chi ld
 Madenn bioirelh <n Rugtnet T1ng
Biotecuology iorou ungn2t r
Tntcarothon oh natuwal CIACE & orgaha
Clovuna - makia mulhpk opis o NA
catl" poniz, and weletlo analc9ues
c oduth 8 servi ces .

FirAt DNA - 1972

Cotn s BOyr
EFBEuropiam Fedenation ol Riote.clanoloy
Took atibiotic yeA1Rkance gene inked aD
Resri Aion zyme plamiod ol Salnmonello yptimuuvm {ha
Tyyr o Nuclease tramenned plo0Amid to E ccli.
Exonuciease -
Cut NA trom ends
Endonuclease-Cut at speutic po&ition widin OMA
FA RE
Gel tiotsophuoreai
Hind I Recognihion sequemce =
AAT TG NA
At present> g00 R-E a know n 4yom 220 strai o kacterua, S Codle de Anode
Nowin 9 SLK
Eco RI
Drden in oludn it is isolated Hgancse 2t
7
Gen ws species Styaun Entracded o

Coli
EstericMa Sm alen Ll2e MoTe nuovenMemt

To sec Stoin =
Ehidivm Bro nude Rriatut ravge
colcun kadal ONA)
LLig = UV ligtt
NEET GURU?
Molu Tiuori tLuthov »
Extsacting ENA Arom Hgard&e gel.
 PLacmidls EcoRI Clo
ci I Hind
* CRoning Vecto1S
BomH
Bacterioptaje P
Pat I sal
Must have Crigin o Teplication (ovi) decid copy w mbe
-

anp ketR

Seltctobit morkern - T o identik trawusormant

nen- trous kormauds
8

Cicing aite pOnemcodlimg autibiodic Y EA 2t0 MCA

Pyu T
Rike ampeicilion , tetracycin
Vectey oiBh sungke Chloropheuico , kanamycAn
YeCOqnution aite i8 FLegnerally used
Pre lRed Aorocacteruunm TunnitacreM
pinutz

Instional inactivation
Vckor ave T Piani d

Normal cRil Toma)

SNA Ratrovirus
The site or gent) whene ce add oriegn ,

OT Qbu mals
eccmes inactive onod caunt proouce wiyme Normal Call oncecus cll
OY protein

Le inaent '*ONA on aite oli eh code Competent hast

o-9alactosioase, he prodwction o
0 Teating oi t divaleust cation (
f-galacto£idase tops. 7PTubatiug bacterual cells
mon-Te cOmbihavuts
=
Blwe calo wih DNA on ice.

(In presemce o Unrom 0gemit no color Breih heat sicck at 42c

recombinauts
subtante 9Agan neubaimg o ice
Mitro-injection"- rEN directly injecicd PCR Polamease hoin mn.
into vuleus oaimal aú
o 0 enotwiahon TTTTT
Bioliutucs /gene gun tov plavnta
m o port+ckes o gold 3 tung&ttM

Ccated olth BNÀ bomharded

i wilh igh velo city en plout ella Annenli Primeru » Smoll
htnically stniheized
Taay og utieokidor
(*Lolatíon of DuA Jooctasua Jyaozyme
Polymnase

To kyeak call wau Extemson

Plont Cellulase
Fungi ChitinaLe

RNA RNaue
To YemoVe
otein rotease
I a DNA Palymenast
to prcipitate Pwulied ENA Toa, Poly meiase Fhom Thenmws
uaticwt
Cu led manel
BNA Spooliy9, proms. bacteria)
70 tpenate out Stable at igh tempenatun
30 cycleh
BioreactoTs T 100-jooo itre o
tultuwe Can be
Proceaseo
1 billion tim aunpli{icahon.
Most townmon Btirred
pe
To
(*Doonatream froceting Moking P veady te be
get optimum qrowdn Sepeation
scld in manket
pH
Puugication maun 10 s
Le com ontrol
fempeoturu
P Adding presenafive
oxygen CAital tiail odhug9
ameunt olks, Aubstyate ed
ualidy tontrol tetig NEET GURU
 Biatechuo logy its Applieotions Ined rootz al lobaccn
Citicab sELeAnth nus
Nennatode
Aovidina beut catalyt melpidegyne Ing ntio
To iop
Creatin optinmal coidikioh or catalyl)
Doandrtoun motesA nehods RNA Intentenena (RNAi

T& a meird o eilulo dejcnte in Eukoyofs

* Bi (otion mRNA by Cenpitndo o FNA
Sitentin a
Baci u s urinaiensis TranspORONs

Vral inlection mobii genetic elements.)

Bt toxin

Activated k Cry 9me Recombinot mediednea

SO oppscved tn ucor{d

olkalint pB o gu Cry 1AB CoTn bore? 2 anktteol in Tndia

he inet. LRE Coton
Balluoorm
Genehally Enginured nuulin
Can l y T Re Ry Eit tlyT mervi can cmp
budwOYm
198
LepidopBera To bato
ArmyuAOÝ M Uaed E-oli to prodecc As B ckiain tperately
disulpidl kond
Colaoptrans- beekols
Diptaran-4ie, mosquutps. A

B Insulin
Ro inulin
 Gene hwapy bone -morrou trauplonto.hon do't e
To Cure genetic /heruditory digease tnzyme rplocement dherapy Complelely
Fivt gent dhtnapy 1990 Gene hnapy
To PLymphocyBe, rom Jolood oh ratieut groan
a 4
yean old giv n outafcle culkwe

Funct ionol ADA CDNA iz introdwcedl o

Adcnckine Deaminase (AoR) deiccenty yapocyt a aivn to pat1ent
so
due to deletion of gene or A9A noi inunuevtal
lympho cyt 0t ,

>
PTOO DaK
patients esd to to ke neo yphoyta
pnio dically
Moleculor duagnoals .
T 2nm ikolated Arom bone masow i
iutrodwcd in embryonic Bkages it can be
Conwentioval meluoda ,

pmanent cwu.
Urine amokysi4, eanly deteckiou
Seum amalysis 3 is hot pomikle
Bio pira -Ue oio-TEewrces koy mubnahional

:Modeyme hods Opony witbiout propen aulhcvization rom

Counties O perple tencenneol te it OR ileut
PCR can detert veny low
Concentroton of pathogens Ccmpesottry paymeut
200000 yosines in mdia
ELTSA To detect AIOs Rice Basmati 27 vasu ehes
=

Based on awhge autibody In 1997 An amenicain couny Croed Baumah

Oi a Anu -duoan vauety > soid it was a
intenatioi.
Meuo vouety and took atent of it.
 Tsasgenic animals T Rninmalk oitl nanipulated ONn ( GEAC Genetic Enginetring
L gs 7 aru wuiC Approval Comute
To study pysiology developneht ote gene mioditicatio Second amend mut ak
lo sAudy dizease »
Modeik exiat kov Cancen
tio ibresis Tndion Potent bill -> deals.
ALz hieRss biopirocy à patenB caw
Rcuiatoid Avdlyitis)
Riologicoal products
d-1- antitypiln To uwu euptykwa
First
tranigenic cow Kosie GMO-Geehcolly woolie
Orga m
Prctein Tidh milk
2-4 9/Litre <

haved loctalbvnuint
Better for hobies

Teu vaccine Aalety

Trawugenic mice> weu useol to teat
lety polio voccinea
Con Teplaa monkey

Chenical holety eativg

To Aot toxtity o Aubtamces/drug
*Good unmor ypothes heumOnia
strepo co Cs meumoniae
L i s approvecl Joy - Wliavm Haive
HaemophiUus T4luanzae
(hacteia))
olis coveneo klood circulation Tnect- alyeoli gets jled ith uid
Heallh -Pluyaical, mental s Sympiom ever
soual well Jbeing
heada.che
Sevee Canes - p 2 aumol ingen n a l
Tgphoid- Padhoge Salmonello typu tnn hlue
Spseao by ontanminated food à wate
=

spread < dhougth dropleta

Symp oms Ahaing qlog utenzids .

Sutainec high teven (29-4o) A

eakneN
(Common Colol - Palhogen - Rhino viru
Stomachn pain , co mtipation
Headoche Twfect nOAe 8
TeApirotory paAage
Loas opetite Syptom
Tvteatinal penjoTathions
FNasal Congeztion/diAChange loat tor
Sevene Cases Sore mdat 3-7 days
Deon
Hoaxeneas
Test Jidal test
Typhoiod May May Mallon SpTe0o- hough cbo pleBs
Cook
Typhoicl Caoven NEET GURU Mridul Toani-
MalaMa
Palhogen> PLasnucdiU M PVivax v
p. Malaua Malignont maloua
Human P-Falciparum MOat olang enow
Female Anapheles e
hosauitv HUmam uven
Plasmodium reproduce AACKUOy Huwmau ReCATuptwe e veleose uaemozoin
Sexualty - in gut ok mosguto orm Aporoz0ites
Ctoin)
Tnteutiaus tng
High 4wen Tering 2 ko 4 days
Spmptos ,

dhille
(* AncosuasÍs Padhogen = As.covis
(Amoebiosik /amoebic dyaniry paom Intennalkbiudivg
Parasite= Enamoeba istolytica Tection Muui pain
site Large intestine Fewen
EagaoPohasite
K Anaemia
orne excreated wiln 5Lockage o Tnteshinal
lnfectian ontaminateol tpod
( &waten. eaces a nhcted paa
penkon
Conntipation
Syaptom Abolowminal pain & crampa Apread oy Contamnated
Stool oidh exceM muCu md
foods Waten
hlood cIots . n INEET
IGURU
Filaiaais wBaucofti
Padunge =Wuchereua w. RingwOy m
Malayi MicDApotUm
(Elcphantiauis) Palhegen Genea f Trichophy ton
Vectov =4emole mosquito tpfdemmepnyton
Chaovic y Acaly Sesions on Skin
mlammation of iymphatic veaed) hail
Looen imba .
Tntenseitching acap
ambuaia - ish hat eata mosqito Jonva Sotl

Benguu & Chickmguna - vector Ardes

(Apreac 0VAIg
b ouoek ,Ombs o inetied peson.
mokauito

yphoctes
NEET Active Tmmuniby Fasive iwmuni ty
GURU
Antibody is produced Readymade anti.b0oies
B in hot body 0e inected io body
Slo A v h b o d i e s givn in
Poolwca omy Help B ympho cytes
Immunisotionn nake bits, tetanus tt,
protein i-e Antibody to proolwc« autibody
Golustrum milk produced
Avibody medioted Cell Mediateol (Antihody in ouring iitial ew days
iwum imwnunity (cMI) o Lactahion - is alo
posive imuuty,
Rejectiov o trosplanted orgam hy CMI
AntibodyToo ange chain Heauy cdhain Joinel by disulpaidle bond NEET
) Tuwo Amall chain iaht chain GURU
 LmmnuDy
Lo inteity
imay TeAponze f Jlo
Innate Aqireol makn enory
Non pio Speci pio
L Too sta more intense
Rlready present rom birn >
Sesondoshy TUPOnlee
Uge - Bauiens
ost
e s - nemot
NEET
0 Phsical skin, mutow oatug GURU
Vaccingtion
Physiologicol aciod in ato madh ( Protein o, poluogen or
8aliva
tea inactive/weakeneol paduogn
PMNL (Po ly morpho
-

uciea Keukou te) 0ue

injected o body.
callulav> uBts Neutroplu l Type active ímmunity
Monouyte (Hepotitis Bvocine -produceod
Cyiokíne Intetenons
Secreated by viyu -ufeuted cella
Stop Auto immunit
Seop uodner infection. Owr
body can dihenenhiate
KALaY bluo a non-A
Antbody producedl TgE Due to
genehc /unkn0On
HLges - mitu, pollen, auimal dloneen e TeaLon body attack &el
Reoson- Release o hiatanmint & Aorotoin
krom mast cos Cells > Auho-immune diaeaue
pDm =SnezIn, wodeiy eyA , runnuj rRe eku
anti - i t o m i n r Rheumatoid Avhari tiz
redUe symptfdm adrenaline, btenoiok.
 mpuocute, oe born avol matune
Prima
N E E T

Sone mdnow AL blpod cells a l oTmeol

-
qURU
TuymwsK Lobed organ
KRep yedu cino in size wih oge
yptuoid Orgas Location Relind enum nean heand .

MRT9UL
Spleen Bean khapeol
Secondo Coutaln ymphocytes 8 phagocytes 1TwAR
Provitle aite ol iutenacko n blood.
ITap icsD -Organizm prxet
(or Sympuocyteww
ovthigew -mp nodle Tmall nolidl structuhs in
trops antigens preAent ywnpbu
Some omen 2 ymp MALT T MucOAa Asouoted wmpuoid iAU
Organs Tonsili, F507 o mpn timu
tract.
AppemdiK feyer Potcines
,
On
Junng a respiratory /digetive, /Urogeuiol
nAmoll itostint

ATAS
Aauired ímmuno deteicnc noome Time Jag bewer inloutiLOn
Firat Teported = 1981 appedronce o Aymptom
wunly 5-10 yeans.
fodhogen- HTV =
Human Immuno deicimy virus
J
GrOup5 Retrovir acropn0ges,vYol BRNA
HOA RNA 9eome makes SNA by yme Reenie
Sexual cotact oin intected penson YOCriptane
Transmlt by Coutaminated Jokood travs4uaidn HIV 10chory = Mocro phage
Sharlng inhected needles Cdrug obweu) Attacka T-!ympho yte s destroy it
Multipe sexuall pantnen Test ELISA
ild bovn to HIVntuted moe
ELTSA = Enzynme i n k e d Immuno Sovbent AA an * Cause

BaA& Antiqen - Auibody Twteraction Cancw causing 0gent. ancinogew

Radiakibn Toising= X& gamma roY)
NACO National AIøS Contol OrganisaBion.
Non-oviL*Ug UV TOy* =

dhemi cals eg. Nintine

Cance VirA Oncogemic Viru
Celus oae contact inhibiion
In NoTmal cellz Callulorn oncogeneproto -0nn
NOw they diviole uncontyo.llably
NEET nRn oactivoted , can couAe cancR
OTm TumoTA GURU

Segig Malignani Treotw

*Treatment
tion
on oSwgey+ Radiolhenapy
By combinoti o Su
Dont 8pread to Nepplatic cellz Ttinoeotne
+Cinoenothenopy
0her ocahons Jocahons
A-interderon Biological Tespoe wodike
prendto olmerr
Acttv ates immun syEM.
le domoge obody Metastoka

O Opiods
* Herotn - Bi acetyl morphine
Receptor< GoAtro-intetinal froct
Commonhy cale o Smock
ARcohol Morphine ^ soune =LoBex o Poppy plout Depressant = slowi down body
Abuse MCtios.
opave Somiiehum
Snorted or inpcied

P
Cannabinoids V Coca- Alkaloid /Cocaine
Sounce Eryhroxylem oca Souh Ameica)
Receptors- in y ain
-

SOuice inlorescences Canobi Sativo Inten,w trawport o nuuotrawmi Hen oloponune .

Aect condiovas Culon sy8tem SnoTtRA

AMec CNS couse Eupnpria
Orolgotion
chohas, ganja Tncreozed mngy
Mau juana , hosi gh,
In exceA Cae hallwcinogtios.
- allucino9n
Atopa belladona & datuna
Morplhine - poinkiller in surg Anabolic stenvids
AMects o
Banbitunat es , amphetawine , bevzodiazepines
FemalesT- Masulinizaio n
aLe wed in wedicines.
Mood swigs
Tobacco - Hove Nicotine -stmulate Adrenal gland
AbnoTaol Memtrual cycle
yeleane ddrenaline 8 nor-adrenalinl Excexive hair gr0uwn
Cltoris enlarngement
IMCrease blovd prese & heart rate Voice deepening

Males Aggreasive ners

Ado leAcence 12-10 yeos o 02e INEET
Mood Awings
wihdro wol yndrome GURU Testis size redwes
anxiety ahakineNs, Aoeating Decreased spenm production
nosea Kidney Siven dy adunchion
Breout en Langememt
damoge nenvous AY%.
Long use o drugs Boldnes iangemut a postate gkand
iven Chosis
 EvoLUTION Millen expeum unt
Biyaug- One huge explesio Took CHy , H, NH2, Qvnd
,

Unimaginablr in humou tenns Eanly eatnth > no atmoph0ne oaten vapow (8co T) in lask.

Uveue = 2 Bya High empenotut Creoted electric dsdhang

in it
Eann 4S Bya
=
> ad waten vopou
CH4 Okuen ved Aminc acicd
Lie 4Byaa
Fist nen-telulan rmotion
uje korwmz 3Eya NM3
Reoucine atmokphu) NEET GURU
(Teories o vigt o ite Volcani Akorm
ship HMS Beagle
owpemia dheory -

}pores wet tranufred) Reprdoluctive

to eanh. Fitne acurding to Somot
9anin tneas
h o y o Apontanecus geuunahon =
Ovganisun win
Natwnal ^election
hes will swy*ve
e ome ro decay) Yotting matter)
a uo ve
Is0pproved by Louis fastewi
( Evidentes ol tvoluio n-
Cheical Evoiuhow o ie uidtura)
By Opoin 3 Haldane FoAsil (PaleautoJogical
Evst Heckel
ife comes rom pre-exuhug orgaic (Ewmbryo logical eviolcnce by
molecul es Cpmtein , RnA t ) Baen
isapproyeol by kanl EYnst ven

h e y Apeual creothngn Hocked obsernveod qiil Alitu in ewibrye

AL Org0nut a s wu reated as udh alt votebvate (in cludung tunan)
Siveiiy will be A0mt aluou .

Eandn 4000 yeo*vs oSd NEET GURU

Mvidl Thoni
(Hoo logow Atructuns
same stvuckna /oigin)Analegou hirutdun. cuet' ztruthuwé /origin
dufnent mchon evoluti on
0me fuvchon
i v a g t evolutinn (Onven9 n t

Ong oh Bivds Putter,a

LimbA. aman,clhtcta, ohale & bat
7 Mawal NEET
Venttbvoc heanl bran ye oottopus GURU
Chor o Fougevillec s tendilu o FAippe o Penguns 8 topin
Cuwmbita. Soeetpoiato a poato
( Anhropogenic
Rehore indus troliA at on - More tute oLged uuch evoluti on
EvLaiand
Aten industraüsation ore dark uwinged /melavua eo moth Eioiuton owe t
15O) induitrialisation.
oecouig darik olwe to O och vtho
RasCh T r t e trunkA

Black coloun BTQnchuna Oescit Deveiopmeut

Eonwins knthas Galapag0s island a sln9
e neud spetuu roun
n Common
Adaptive Radiation Piocendal mo wmal o Hutralia olesccodaut.

Putraluan Manaupiol3 .
MOve Hhan ove Adoyptive vodiation in an anea shou ( Use 8 Diause ue1 By Lamark)
Convenqet evolution g iong neck givat
PLocentol Mammol Ausraliau Mansuriat Hugo de Vyies vning pimy0se
Masup1al uol
Moie Into duced utahon
Numbat direx hionleAs)
Aut eaten randon a
Mansupiol owsse
MO We
mutahon
Lemun Spotted Cuscus (* Saltation Singk atap Jangc
Flyig phalang en
Fging SquvT Caust specíatioun
cat
Fobcat Tos maion igen n e pecdes developmemt
Toumoan wo
 Hanoy Ldeinbeng îrinipleAtle 17egueny m a

Population an stable Qvnd i coudavnto

geneation to genenations

Sum total al all allele

Stoblisation
4reauenty ho- ok

Foloui ng mut be absen

Gne wugration /2enc ow

ndividual
A
Genetic dritt ive cho vol tdia
Mutation
Natuwial Aelectaon Timelines
Ccllulor orus 2000 my0
Genetie Yeconbination
Inventebyote -> sO0 mya

Fender Lect1 in genehc Jasless 4ish 2s0 mya

EFian dhat muove on iarupticu
drit,the remaining population ) can
lonol a qo back to waten
beco mes neo &pecie, i i
called teunde ect Coelocanttn
Reptiles drwinated ISO ya houg iut to be extinct
Fi k e veptilkR = 200 mya se in 1938 Scu Apica

NEET CURUI Ichmyosaus

Li icbeun
(Evolution o Man
Aryepilhetus Raopílhecus » S ya Enopio tou Ls
uore man uKe
Tell about man-ike pimots)
hMOTe ape ike
3-4 myo
2mya wot toller thom 4
ut
.

Ruutralopimec Rte truit walked up rigt

Hunted widh stone weapon
Cove ant 17 000 yeau ag0
Homo habilis Brain copa dty = bs0 -800 cc
Aqncultne atnted -
10od0 year ag
Didn'? eat meat
iut o mii ol (human ike) -

Homo uectu
Jauoa mom NEET GURU
1-S mya Mridul Tiuwani
Brain = 900 cc

Pobabi ly eat meat

Brain = Y00 cc

Neaundler hal 40,000 yo0u ag0

UAe udes s hunied dhair dead
Arose in ntiica
Homo- A0opiena 75000 - 10000 yean ago ice age