639b607d833d4 Biod 210 Genetics Final Exam 2022 2023
639b607d833d4 Biod 210 Genetics Final Exam 2022 2023
639b607d833d4 Biod 210 Genetics Final Exam 2022 2023
Attempt History
Question 1
Your Answer:
The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
Question 2
True or False?
Your Answer:
a. False. ATP
b. True
c. False
d. True
e. False
a. False- (ATP is produced, not ADP)
b. True
d. True
Question 3
In your own words, discuss Tay-Sachs disease. What organelle within the cell is
impacted? What are the symptoms of the disease and why do they occur?
Your Answer:
(1) Lysosomes
Question 4
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of
eukaryotic cell but one appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which one
would you expect to be carrying out respiration at a more active rate, the larger or
smaller cell? Explain why.
Your Answer:
The smaller cell because as a cell grows larger the ratio of the surface area to volume
decreases. The smaller cell is able carry out respiration faster because relative to the
larger cell it has a larger surface area compared to its volume and can carry out
respiration faster.
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell
expands the amount of surface area relative to the volume of the cell
decreases. The smaller cell is more active because relative to its volume,
its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area
(relative to its volume) this allows the metabolic processes to occur
faster.
Question 5
Your Answer:
During swallowing the soft palate moves upward to prevent food and liquid from
entering the nasal passages.
The upward movement of the soft palate prevents food or liquid from
entering the nasal passages during swallowing.
Question 6
3 / 3 pts
Trachea
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Alveoli
Question 7
Label C-
Label E-
Label F-
Label H-
Your Answer:
Label E- Glottis
Label F- trachea
Label H- Tongue
Label E- Glottis
Label F- Trachea
Label H- Tongue
Question 8
2 / 2 pts
Question 9
Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin) might
develop gastric/stomach ulcers.
Your Answer:
Because gastrin stimulates pepsinogen and hydrochloric acid, which can penetrate the
mucus layer of the stomach. So someone that secretes excess gastrin has excess
pepsinogen and HCL in their stomach, and once the stomach lining has been
penetrated an ulcer forms because there is no longer any lining in that area to protect
the stomach.
Question 10
Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive
system.
To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region.
1:
2:
5:
6:
8:
Your Answer:
1: Liver
2: Pancreas
5: duodenum
6: small intestines
8: ascending colon
1: Liver
2: Pancreas
Question 11
Your Answer:
Parietal cells are located in the wall of the stomach body and they secrete hydrochloric
acid in order to kill bacteria ingested in food. Chief cells are located in the stomach and
secrete pepsinogen to break down protein in food.
The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills
many of the bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH
stops the activity of salivary amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid
is essential in the activation of pepsin.
Question 12
Label the following bones of the skeleton from the figure below:
2:
4:
6:
7:
8:
Your Answer:
2: nasal bone
4: zygomatic bone
6: concha
7: maxilla
8: mandible
2: Nasal bone
4: Zygomatic bone
7: Maxilla
8: Mandible
Question 13
Not yet graded / 5 pts
A:
B:
C:
D:
E:
Your Answer:
A: pisiform
B: hamate
C: capitate
D: trapezoid
E: trapezium
A: Pisiform
B: Hamate
C: Capitate
D: Trapezoid
E: Trapezium
Question 14
A patient has a diagnosis of osteoporosis. (1) In your own words, describe this
diagnosis and (2) What type of bone cell would they be lacking? Explain your answer.
Your Answer:
Osteoporosis is a bone tissue disease where bone tissue degenerates faster than it is
replaced, making the bones weak, brittle and more likely to fracture. A person with
osteoporosis would be lacking osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone repair. SInce
they are lacking osteoblasts bone repair is unable to keep up with the breakdown of
bone.
(1) Osteoporosis is a bone tissue disease. When bone tissue degenerates
faster than is replaced, the bones become weak. Brittle bones cause
increased pain and are more likely to fracture.
(2) They would have decreased osteoblasts which are responsible for
bone repair. The bone repair would be unable to keep up with the ongoing
breakdown of bone which is done by the work of osteoblasts.
Question 15
B:
C:
E:
G:
J:
Your Answer:
B: Temporalis
C: orbicularis oculi
E: zygomaticus major
G: buccinator
B: Temporalis
C: Orbicularis oculi
E: Zygomaticus major
G: Buccinator
Question 16
10 / 10 pts
A. Wrist flexion
B. Elbow flexion
D. Flexion of digit 1
E. A&C
F. B&C
Question 17
Your Answer:
Yes, males and females produce both sex hormones. The ratio of estrogen in males is
much smaller than in females, however. In males the adrenal gland produces estrogen.
(1) Yes. Both male and female bodies produce “all” the sex hormones.
However, the ratios are different.
(2) The adrenal glands are largely responsible for producing this
“opposite” hormone that the testis would not.
Question 18
I lower the level of calcium in the blood by depositing calcium into bone.
Your Answer:
Calcitonin
Calcitonin
Question 19
Your Answer:
ACTH
ACTH
Question 20
Explain in detail why the thyroid becomes enlarged during an iodine deficiency?
Your Answer:
When there is a low level of thyroxin in the blood the anterior pituitary continues to
produce TSH, but the thyroid cannot produce thyroxin without iodine. So the thyroid
responds by enlarging and becoming a goiter.
When there is a low level of thyroxin in the blood, the anterior pituitary
continues to produce TSH. The thyroid responds by increasing in size
and producing a goiter, but this increase in size is ineffective because
active thyroxin cannot be produced without iodine.
Question 21
A- Identify the sensory cell receptor highlighted in blue, below, also indicated by the
arrow.
A) Pacinian corpuscle
Question 22
10 / 10 pts
Match the cell with its single best description, using each description only once.
Fibroblasts
Produces collagen
Keratinocytes
Langerhans cells
Question 23
What is the name and function of the structure below? (Highlighted in blue, also
indicated by the arrow)
Your Answer:
A sebaceous gland, responsible for producing sebum to help keep the skin and hair
from drying out.
Sebaceous gland (oil gland) produces oil (sebum) to protect the skin and
hair from drying.