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    Substances and Mixtures

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    Anonymous gV9BmXXH
    Substances and mixtures can be distinguished as follows: 1. A substance is composed of a single type of atom or molecule and maintains its composition, while a mixture contains two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically bonded. 2. The individual components of a mixture retain their chemical and physical properties and can be separated using physical means, while the properties of compounds differ from their constituent elements due to chemical bonding. 3. Mixtures can be either heterogeneous, with unevenly distributed components visible to the naked eye, or homogeneous, with components mixed uniformly on an atomic scale and not visually distinguishable.

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    Substances and Mixtures

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous gV9BmXXH
    25 views16 pages
    Substances and mixtures can be distinguished as follows: 1. A substance is composed of a single type of atom or molecule and maintains its composition, while a mixture contains two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically bonded. 2. The individual components of a mixture retain their chemical and physical properties and can be separated using physical means, while the properties of compounds differ from their constituent elements due to chemical bonding. 3. Mixtures can be either heterogeneous, with unevenly distributed components visible to the naked eye, or homogeneous, with components mixed uniformly on an atomic scale and not visually distinguishable.

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    Original Title

    SUBSTANCES-AND-MIXTURES

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    Substances and mixtures can be distinguished as follows: 1. A substance is composed of a single type of atom or molecule and maintains its composition, while a mixture contains two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically bonded. 2. The individual components of a mixture retain their chemical and physical properties and can be separated using physical means, while the properties of compounds differ from their constituent elements due to chemical bonding. 3. Mixtures can be either heterogeneous, with unevenly distributed components visible to the naked eye, or homogeneous, with components mixed uniformly on an atomic scale and not visually distinguishable.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views16 pages

    Substances and Mixtures

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous gV9BmXXH
    Substances and mixtures can be distinguished as follows: 1. A substance is composed of a single type of atom or molecule and maintains its composition, while a mixture contains two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically bonded. 2. The individual components of a mixture retain their chemical and physical properties and can be separated using physical means, while the properties of compounds differ from their constituent elements due to chemical bonding. 3. Mixtures can be either heterogeneous, with unevenly distributed components visible to the naked eye, or homogeneous, with components mixed uniformly on an atomic scale and not visually distinguishable.

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    of 16

    substances

    & mixtures
    substances

    • A substance is matter that is always made up of the same combination


    of atoms.
    • There are two types of substances— elements and compounds.
    • The composition of elements and compounds doesn’t change. Therefore,
    all elements and compounds are substances.
    substances
    substances
    mixture

    • A mixture is two or more substances that are physically blended but are
    not chemically bonded together.
    • The relative amounts of each substance in a mixture can vary.
    • Granite, a type of rock, is a mixture. Granite contains bits that are white,
    black, and other colors. Two pieces of granite will have different amounts
    of each color bit. The composition of rocks varies.

    GRANITE
    mixture

    • Air is also a mixture. Air contains about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent


    oxygen, and 1 percent other substances.
    • This composition varies. Air in a scuba tank can have more than 21
    percent oxygen and less of the other substances. AIR
    heterogeneous /
    homogeneous mixtures

    • Rocks and air are examples of the two different types of mixtures—
    heterogeneous and homogeneous.
    • It’s not always easy to identify a mixture. A rock looks like a mixture, but
    air does not.
    heterogeneous mixtures

    • A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which substances are not


    evenly mixed.
    • Often, you can see the different substances and parts of a heterogeneous
    mixture with unaided eyes. Sometimes you can see them only with a
    microscope.
    heterogeneous mixtures

    • Blood looks evenly mixed—its color and texture are the same throughout.
    • Suppose you compare two samples of blood under a microscope. They
    will look different. The samples will contain different amounts of the
    components (plasma, rbc, wbc, platelets)
    homogeneous mixtures

    • A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which two or more substances


    are evenly mixed on the atomic level but not bonded together.
    • The individual atoms or compounds of each substance are mixed.
    • Air is a homogeneous mixture.
    • Another name for a homogeneous mixture is solution.
    C6H12O6
    H20

    H20 C6H12O6

    C6H12O6 H20
    heterogeneous homogeneous
    mixture mixture

    evenly
    one sugar
    substances soil
    colour
    mixed water
    granite
    and
    but
    blood
    not texture
    not
    evenlybonded
    mixed
    also
    can seelooks called
    fruit
    salt
    different
    the samesolutions
    salad
    water
    partsthroughout
    with an unaided
    how do compounds and
    mixtures differ?

    • The substances that make up a mixture are not chemically bonded.


    • Mixing is a physical change. The substances that exist before mixing still
    exist in the mixture.
    how do compounds and
    mixtures differ?

    SUBSTANCES KEEP THEIR PROPERTIES


    • Substances that make up a mixture are not changed chemically.
    • You can observe some of their properties in the mixture.
    • Sugar water is a mixture of two compounds—sugar and water. After the
    sugar is mixed in, you can’t see the sugar in the water, but you can
    still taste its property of sweetness. You can also observe some
    properties of the water, such as its
    liquid state.
    how do compounds and
    mixtures differ?

    COMPOUNDS DO NOT KEEP THEIR PROPERTIES


    • The properties of a compound can be different from the properties of the
    elements that make it up.
    • Sodium and chlorine bond and form table salt. Sodium is a soft, opaque,
    silvery metal. Chlorine is a greenish, poisonous gas. You cannot observe
    any of these properties in table salt.
    how do compounds and
    mixtures differ?

    MIXTURES CAN BE SEPARATED


    • The substances that make up a mixture are not bonded together.
    • As a result, you can separate them from each other using physical
    methods.
    • The physical properties of one substance are different from those of
    another. You can use these differences to separate the substances.
    • In contrast, you can separate compounds only by a chemical change that
    breaks the bonds between the elements.
    mixtures

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