This document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and gene therapy. It provides examples of early applications of genetic engineering including improving growth rates in salmon and making plants resistant to pests, viruses, and herbicides. It also outlines both the potential benefits and risks of GMOs, such as higher crop yields but also possible human health effects and environmental impacts. The document then describes Philippines' regulations and policies around GMOs including creating a National Committee on Biosafety and requiring labels on genetically modified food products.
This document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and gene therapy. It provides examples of early applications of genetic engineering including improving growth rates in salmon and making plants resistant to pests, viruses, and herbicides. It also outlines both the potential benefits and risks of GMOs, such as higher crop yields but also possible human health effects and environmental impacts. The document then describes Philippines' regulations and policies around GMOs including creating a National Committee on Biosafety and requiring labels on genetically modified food products.
This document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and gene therapy. It provides examples of early applications of genetic engineering including improving growth rates in salmon and making plants resistant to pests, viruses, and herbicides. It also outlines both the potential benefits and risks of GMOs, such as higher crop yields but also possible human health effects and environmental impacts. The document then describes Philippines' regulations and policies around GMOs including creating a National Committee on Biosafety and requiring labels on genetically modified food products.
This document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and gene therapy. It provides examples of early applications of genetic engineering including improving growth rates in salmon and making plants resistant to pests, viruses, and herbicides. It also outlines both the potential benefits and risks of GMOs, such as higher crop yields but also possible human health effects and environmental impacts. The document then describes Philippines' regulations and policies around GMOs including creating a National Committee on Biosafety and requiring labels on genetically modified food products.
Genetically modified organisms and deaminase (ADA) deficiency can be gene therapy corrected in tissue culture - Genetics is what makes us similar to - The first one to do a gene therapy is other organisms for all organisms doctor anderson. contain genes or dna. - Rosalyn franklin - structure of dna DNA APPLICATION OF GENETIC - Discovery was attributed to James ENGINEERING: Watson and Francis Crick aided by the works of Rosalind Franklin and Growth Rate: Maurice Wilkins - They included the gene of a salmon - Gene carries a certain trait. pout? Para mas bumilis ung pag laki - Found in your nucleus ng salmon.
Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen Pest Resistance:
- Inventors of recombinant - DNA - BT Corn. Injected a gene from technology bacillus thuringiensis to the corn gna - They believed that they can combine then that gene makes the corn or modify a dna resistant from corn borer. - If gusto mong magamot ang certain sakit (genetic na sakit) then you Virus resistance have to remove a part of that gene - genetically modified papaya that causes disease. inserted with PRSV papaya ringspat? virus so the papaya Genetically Modified Organisms nagging immune sa infestation ng - Products of artificial manipulation virus. Di na sila affected ng PRSV and alteration of a species' genetic material in a laboratory using genetic Herbicide tolerance engineering - soybeans included with glyphosate - Cross breeds which is a component of an - Cloning herbicide, hindi na affected ng - Mutations herbicide ung soybean.
Theodore Friedman and Richard Roblin Fortification
- Proposed that people with genetic - addition of micronutrients to a disorders can be treated by product. For example pag ang replacing defective DNA with good consumer is deficient sa vit A. DNA Golden rice added with beta carotene which is a precursor to Dr. William French Anderson and Dr. vitamin a. Ex: NIDO dha fortified. Michael Blasse Cosmetic preservation - apples naturally turn brown because - Higher efficiency in farming of oxidation. But for oxidation to - Increase in harvest occur dapat may polyphenol - Control in fertility oxidase, so for arctic apple they - Increase in food processing removes the polyphenol oxidase - Improvement of desirable para di mag brown. characteristics - Nutritional and pharmaceutical Flower Production enhancement - Blue rose - they added 51 - Reduce use of fertilizer and hydroxylase and — to make the rose pesticide blue. Potential risk Paper production - Inadequate studies on effects to - to produce paper u need a lignin and humans and environment. it is very hard to extract it from - Promotes mutation in organism leaves so they add ferulic acid to which long term effect is unknown make it easier - More allergic reactions (Expecting this because you get a DNA from a Pharmaceutical products peanut then you added that to a - Periwinkle. product them a consumer who is - They added a portion of a bacteria to allergic to peanut can be allergic to enhance the production of that product) vinblastine as a treatment for cancer. - Gene mutation (alteration in genetic make up) Bioremediation - Antibiotic resistance - Removing contaminants/pollutants - Nutritional value (modern problem from the source using organisms. because we tend to use fortified - You can extract gold using products too much then we dont get bioremediation these nutrients naturally ) - Ex: treat a soil that has a high level - Risk in gene flow (if mag ccross of mercury. There is a plant that can breed ka ng natural and modified) sip mercury so u plant that to the - Emergence of new forms of soil. resistance and secondary weeds and pests problems Enzyme and drug production - New pathogens - Humulin - common drug for diabetes - Disruption of natural communities type 1 through competition or interference - to synthesize insulin, they use pigs - May post as threats or become pest and cows to extract insulin. For - Interference to natural biochemical humulin they used a gene from a cycles bacteria to increase the yield of - Alteration of agricultural practices bacteria. - Impacts to biodiversity - Varied environmental impacts Benefits: - May alter the balance of existing handle the genetically microorganisms in the digestive modified plants and products system ● 2010 - Organic Agriculture Act - Production of toxin - It encourages the way of - Production of allergens organic farming. Not modify. Allow it to grow on its own. How do we protect ourselves from risks? Negros occidental and oriental followed this organis Biosafety on GMOs agriculture act. Sa davao, - Codex Alimentarius Commission they did not allow the entry of - Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety genetically modified products - International Trade Agreement on ● 2012 - Bill pushing the mandatory labeling of GM food and food - casino filed a bill para ma products labelan lahat if it is gmo or not Cartagena - we are signatories of it ● 2015 - SC ordered to put an end to International trade - pag may commercially the field testing of GMO Bt eggplant available product and declared Administrative Order and it uses gmo, dapat nakalagay sa No. 8 s.2022 null and void packaging kung ano yung mga genetically ● 2016 - DOST, DA, DEN, DOH and modified products na ginamit doon. It DILG passed a joint circular No.1 s. separated the natural from the genetically 2016 on the rules and regulations for modified the R&D, handling and use, transboundary movement, release in GMO in the Philippines the environment and management of ● 1990 - EO No. 430: creation of the GM plant and plant products derived National Committee on Biosafety of from the use of modern the Philippines (NCBP) biotechnology - 1990 - they made rules and - Ngayon binawi na ng regulations on how to handle supreme court to ban the genetically modified testing of genetically ● 2002 - DA Administrative Order modified eggplants No. 8: Guidelines on the importation and release to the environment of GMO in the Philippines plants and plant products ● Writ of Kalikasan ● 2006 - Philippines as part of the ● Right to a balanced and healthful Cartagena Protocol ecology ● EO No. 514- Biosafety requirements of the Cartagena Protocol and establishment of National Biosafety Framework (NBF) - Biosafety framework - it sets the guidelines on how we