Genetically Modified Organism - Lessons With Answer Key

Genetically
Modified
Organisms
Presented by:
GROUP 3
Revecoy Alidon Fiel Martecion

Maria Sarah Janice Miles Joy Marbie
Genetically modified
plants to resist certain Pest
pest. Resistance
BtCorn's DNA has been altered to

include a gene from Bacillus
thuringiensis, a soil bacteria that
makes proteins that are poisonous
to corn borers (worms).
plants to resist certain
Virus viruses.
Resistance
The papaya ring spot virus (PRSV)

is a virus that causes damage to
papaya trees. The PRSV protein
was introduced to papaya, which
proved to be resistant to the virus.
plants to tolerate Herbicide
herbicides. Tolerance
Roundup Ready crops are crops

genetically modified to be
resistant to the herbicide Roundup.
plants fortified with
Fortification certain minerals.
Golden rice is genetically modified

to produce beta -carotene, which is
not normally present in rice. Beta -
carotene is converted into vitamin
A when metabolized by the human
body. We need vitamin A for
healthier skin, immune systems,
and vision.
plants to resist natural Cosmetic
discoloration. Preservation
Arctic apples are genetically

engineered (GE) to prevent
browning. This means that the
genetic material that dictates how
the apple tree grows and develops
was altered using biotechnology
tools.
Increase organism that has higher
growth rate yield in growth than
normal species.
AquAdvantage Salmon has been

genetically engineered to reach
a growth marker important to
the aquaculture industry more
rapidly than its non -GE farm-
raised Atlantic salmon
counterpart.
GMO seen in modified
color and extended vase
life of flowers.
The scientists injected the

engineered bacteria containing
the pigment-producing genes
into the petal of a white rose,
causing a blue hue to radiate
from the point of injection.
Modified characteristics
of tree for higher yield of
paper production.
The genome of these trees has been

engineered to bring about a range of
changes that affect flowering, growth,
production of branches, leafs and roots.
Economic reasons for their development
are, for example, faster growth or a
change in the quality of wood for the
paper industry.
Modified plants to
produce pharmaceutical
products.
By transplanting bacterial
genes, drug developers have
genetically engineered
Madagascar periwinkle
(Catharanthus) plants to
produce halogenated variants of
the natural anticancer drug
vinblastine. The periwinkle plant
is used by herbalists as an
astringent.
Use of modified plants that can
assist in the bioremediation of
polluted sites
Tobacco, a high -density crop which

is mown several times throughout
its cycle, can produce as much as
160 tonnes of fresh matter per
hectare and become a source of
biomass suitable for producing
bioethanol.
Use of modified
microorganism that can
produce enzymes for food
processing and medicines.
Due to the urgent demand and

short supply of this new
antimalarial drug, engineering
enhanced production of
artemisinin by genetically -
modified or transgenic microbes
is currently being explored.
Helps in the production of
drugs, gene therapy and
laboratory researches.
Nowadays, most insulin is made using

genetically modified bacteria that have
had the human gene for insulin inserted
into them.
POTENTIAL
RISKS OF
GMOs
Environmental/ Human Health Risks

1 2 3 More allergic
reactions
There are Promotes Human

inadequate mutation in consumption Gene mutation
studies on the organism. may have the

effects of following
Antibiotic
resistance
GMOs to effects:
humans and Nutritional value
environment.
1
Potential
Risk in gene flow
- transfer from GMO cop to the wild relative
Environmental
organism
Risks
2 Emergence of new forms of resistance and
secondary pests and weed problems
3 Recombination of virus and bacteria to

produce new pathogens
- can be transferred and integrated in the viral

or bacterial genes
DIRECT INDIRECT
Environmental Risks Environmental Risks
Disruption of natural communities through

Alteration of agricultural practices
competition or interference
Possibility of unexpected behavior in the May have impacts to biodiversity caused by

environment the alteration in agricultural practices
May cause harmful effects to ecosystem

Varied environmental impacts
processes
Persistence of GMO genes after its harvest

Consumption may have adverse effects
1
Potential
since it is not naturally or organically
produced
Human Risks
Consumption may alter the balance of
2 existing microorganisms in the human
digestive system
3 Production of toxins may be detrimental to

human health
Production of allergens may have adverse

4 effects on humans
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS
COMMISSION
CARTAGENA PROTOCOL
ON BIOSAFETY
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
AGREEMENT ON LABELING
OF GM FOOD AND FOOD
PRODUCTS
Created by the Food and Agricultural Organization
(FAO) together with the World Health Organization
(WHO)
It is an intergovernmental body that develops Codex

Alimentarius known as the International Food Code.
Codex is responsible for the development of

standards, codes of practices, guidelines and
recommendations on food safety
It is an international environmental treaty
that regulates the transboundary movements
of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs)

The agreement requires exporters of GM food
and food products to label their products and
give rights to importing parties to reject or
accept GM products.

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Genetically

Revecoy Alidon Fiel Martecion

BtCorn's DNA has been altered to

The papaya ring spot virus (PRSV)

Roundup Ready crops are crops

Golden rice is genetically modified

Arctic apples are genetically

AquAdvantage Salmon has been

The scientists injected the

The genome of these trees has been

Tobacco, a high -density crop which

Due to the urgent demand and

Nowadays, most insulin is made using

Environmental/ Human Health Risks

There are Promotes Human

studies on the organism. may have the

- transfer from GMO cop to the wild relative

3 Recombination of virus and bacteria to

- can be transferred and integrated in the viral

Disruption of natural communities through

Possibility of unexpected behavior in the May have impacts to biodiversity caused by

May cause harmful effects to ecosystem

Persistence of GMO genes after its harvest

3 Production of toxins may be detrimental to

Production of allergens may have adverse

It is an intergovernmental body that develops Codex

Codex is responsible for the development of

that regulates the transboundary movements

of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs)

and food products to label their products and

give rights to importing parties to reject or

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