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NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

GEOGRAPHY PAPER 2
PREPARATORY EXAMINATIONS 2023
MARKING GUIDELINE

MARKS : 150

LOUIS TRICHARDT

MARKING
GUIDELINE
This marking guideline consists of 8 pages

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

SECTION A

QUESTION 1: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENT

1.1.

1.1.1 B (1)

1.1.2 A (1)

1.1.3 A (1)

1.1.4 B (1)

1.1.5 A (1)

1.1.6 B (1)

1.1.7 B (1)

1.1.8 A (1)
(8x1) (8)

1.2.

1.2.1 Z (1)

1.2.2 Y (1)

1.2.3 Y (1)

1.2.4 Z (1)

1.2.5 Y (1)

1.2.6 Z (1)

1.2.7 Y (1)
(7x1) (7)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

1.3.

1.3.1 Rural-urban migration (1) (1x1) (1)

1.3.2 Movement of people from rural areas to urban areas (2) (1x2) (2)

1.3.3 Wide range and variety of jobs with better salaries (2) (1x2) (2)
Well-developed medical and health care services (2)
Greater access to entertainment and leisure facilities (2)
Improved opportunities for children (2)
Variety of educational institutions (2)
Developed and diverse infrastructure (2)
Improved housing with services (2)
A more reliable source of food (2)
The experience of living in a modern city with bright lights
(2)
(ANY ONE)

1.3.4 Decline quality of service delivery (2) (2x2) (4)

Fewer job opportunities/Unemployment (2)
Resources become underutilised (2)
Lack of productivity with an older labour force (2)
Fewer investments due to a decrease in buying power (2)
Basic services such as shops close due to declining
numbers (2)
Brain drain has left people behind who are least educated,
and this slows economic growth (2)
Insufficient threshold population to sustain basic services
(2)
Production decreases as there are more old people and
fewer labourers (2)
(ANY TWO)

1.3.5 Tourists will contribute to the local economy by paying for (3x2) (6)
services in rural areas (2)
Hosting festivals centred on produce, arts, culture or
tournaments (2)
Creating handicrafts to be sold to tourists (2)
Running Bed and Breakfast that sells only African food (2)
Using appropriate media (television, magazines,
newspapers) to advertise possible tourist attractions will
bring business into the rural area (2)
Building/renovating of infrastructure relating to tourism (2)
Rural areas can capitalise on historical monuments, scenic
beauty, and cultural tourism (2)
Will bring much needed income to the rural communities
(2)
Lead to job creation (2)
(ANY THREE)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

1.4.

1.4.1 Specific area set aside in urban areas to fulfil particular (1x2) (2)
functions (2)
( CONCEPT )

1.4.2 Sewage works (1) (2x1) (2)

Cemeteries (1)
Airports (1)
Rifle range/shooting range (1)
Landing strip/aerodrome (1)
Small holdings (1)
Golf course (1)
Riding stables (1)
(ANY TWO)

1.4.3 Heavy (1) (1x1) (1)

1.4.4 Located in the periphery as they generate a large amount (2x2) (4)
of air, noise, and water pollution, (2)
Located on the outskirts as they require a large land (2)
Cheap land (2)
Needed to be on flat land (2)
Near major transport routes to transport raw materials and
finished goods
(ANY TWO)

1.4.5 Lack of space for expansion (2) (3x2) (6)

High concentration of functions causes overcrowding (2)
Increased crime that makes the CBD unsafe (2)
High pollution levels make the CBD be in a despair state
(2)
Lack of parking facilities create inconvenience (2)
Traffic congestion that might lead to accidents (2)
High rentals lead to businesses working at a loss(2)
Expensive land that decreases profits (2)
Reduced access due to overcrowding and traffic
congestion (2)
Limited expansion prospects in the CBD (2)
(ANY THREE)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

1.5.

1.5.1 Informal settlements (1) (1x1) (1)

1.5.2 Running water (1) (2x1) (2)

Electricity (1)
Sanitation (1)
Refuse removal (1)
Formal housing (1)
Planned roads (1)
(ANY TWO)

1.5.3 Social impact (2x2) (4)

Lack of sewage facilities create a health hazard (2)
Increased crime due lack of employment (2)
Illegal electricity connections may lead to fire hazards (2)

Environmental Impact
Air pollution caused by burning of wood and coal. (2)
Deforestations leading to soil erosion and flooding. (2)
Littering due to lack of refuse removal will lead to land and
water pollution. (2)
Inadequate sanitation will lead to air and land pollution. (2)
(ANY TWO)
N.B. Credit for ONE social and ONE environmental

1.5.4 Provide basic services (water, electricity, waste disposal) (4x2) (8)
to create a conducive living environment (2)
Provide low-cost housing (RDP) to enhance the quality of
life(2)
Legal land ownership for a better standard of living (2)
Increase access amenities for comfort and convenience (2)
Improve infrastructure for better living conditions (2)
Promote gardening for feeding to alleviate poverty(2)
Implement job creation projects to reduce unemployment/
Provision of employment opportunities (2)
Provide health care facilities for promotion of proper
nutrition and control of diseases(2)
Improve accessibility (e.g. roads) to get aid in case of
emergencies (2)
Reduce density of housing/buildings to avoid fire hazards
(2)
(ANY FOUR)

(60)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

QUESTION 2: ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF SOUTH AFRICA

2.1.

2.1.1 Trade (1)

2.1.2 Quaternary (1)

2.1.3 Tertiary(1)

2.1.4 Small (1)

2.1.5 Agriculture (1)

2.1.6 Gross Domestic Product (1)

2.1.8 Food Insecurity (1)

(8x1) (8)

2.2.
2.2.1 G (1)

2.2.2 F (1)

2.2.3 C (1)

2.2.4 D (1)

2.2.5 E (1)

2.2.6 A (1)

2.2.7 H (1)
(7x1) (7)

2.3.

2.3.1 North West (1)

Free State (1)
Mpumalanga (1)
Kwa-Zulu Natal (1)
(ANY ONE) (1x1) (1)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

2.3.2 Western Cape receives winter rainfall (2) (1x2) (2)

Rainfall received in summer is less than 500mm (2)
Maize requires warm wet conditions to grow (2)

2.3.3 More people will lack food (2)

There will be reduction in maize production (2)
Importing will cost South Africa a lot of money (2)
Most people will not afford food (2)
Increase food insecurity (2)
(ANY ONE) (1x2) (2)

2.3.4 South Africa produces a high-quality maize than other (2x2) (4)
competing countries (2)
Climatic factors are not conducive for production in
foreign countries (2)
Maize is supplied at an affordable price (2)
Stable diet for many African countries (2)
Used as an additive in the production of cheese spread,
beer, instant coffee (2)
(ANY TWO)

2.3.5 South Africa will earn foreign capital when exporting (2) (3x2) (6)
Local maize prices will be supported for sustainable
maize production (2)
Employment opportunities increase as more maize is
produced (2)
Improvement of infrastructure for export to occur (2)
Building of storage facilities close to harbours (2)
Upskilling/retraining of work force to increase yield (2)
(ANY THREE)

2.4.

2.4.1 Eastern Cape (1) (1x1) (1)

2.4.2 Driver training programmes (1)

Bursary schemes for engineering post graduate (1) (2x1) (2)
Internship programmes (1)
Youth development programmes (1)
(ANY TWO) (2x1) (2)

2.4.3 Availability of space, 11000 hectares of land (2) (2x2) (4)

Availability of skilled and unskilled labour (2)
Close to energy supply (Power station) (2)
Close to a logistic zone (Nelson Mandela Bay Logistic
Park) (2)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

Near transport network/Accessibility (road, rail and sea

transport) (2)
Access to a port for trading (2)
Availability of water (2)
(ANY TWO)

2.4.4 Creates employment for the poor to uplift their standard (4x2) (8)
of living (2)
Foreign investment will encourage trade and
transport (2)
Creates economic development in the Eastern
Cape/Boost the economy of the province increasing
buying power (2)
Multiplier effect (It helps in the development of other
businesses) leading to more people being employed (2)
Focus on skilling and re-skilling people through education
and training programmes to increase income (2)
Encourage tourism to earn foreign currency (2)
Improvement of infrastructure leading to more
investments (2)
(ANY FOUR)

2.5.
2.5.1 Refers to the part of the economy that does not pay tax or ( 1 x 2 ) ( 2 )
and is not regulated by the government/ sector that is not
registered (2)
(CONCEPT)

2.5.2 28.85% (1) (1x1) (1)

2.5.3 Street vendors (1) (2x1) (2)

Petty goods and service traders (1)
Subsistence farmers (1)
Seasonal workers (1)
Domestic workers (1)
Industrial outworkers (1)
(ANY TWO)

2.5.4 They are exposed to harsh weather conditions. (2) (2x2) (4)
Long working hours with low pay (2)
Exposed to pollution (land and air) (2)
Theft from passers-by (2)
Expiration of products (2)
High temperatures (2)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

Expose their customers to food poisoning (2)

Destruction of stock during adverse weather conditions
(2)
Lack of storage facilities (2)
Competition selling similar goods (2)
No sanitation facilities (2)
Limited access to water to clean the area (2)
Harassment from the authorities (2)
(ANY TWO)

2.5.5 Provision of facilities (2) (3x2) (6)

Offer affordable rental on premises (2)
Partnerships between formal and informal sectors (2)
Provide them with services (accept examples) (2)
Effective policing/ no harassment (2)
Affordable/ free registrations (2)
Skills training/ educate them about business
management (2)
(ANY THREE)

[60]

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

SECTION B

QUESTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES

3.1.

3.1.1 C (1) (1x1) (1)

3.1.2 (a) 42’’ (1) (range 41-43'') ( 2 x 1) (2)

(b) 04’ (1)

3.1.3 Area = L x B (5x1) (5)

(3.6 – 3.8) L = 3.7 (1)cm x 0.5 = 1.85km (1.8km –1.9km)

(3.1 – 3.3) B = 3.2 (1)cm x 0.5 = 1.6km (1.55km 1.65km)

A = 1.85 (1) x 1.6 (1)

A = 2.96 km² (1) (Range: 2.79 – 3.135km²)

3.1.4 The scale of the orthophoto map is 5 times larger than (1x2) (2)
the scale of the topographical map (2)
1:10 000 is a larger scale than 1:50 000 (2)
(ANY ONE)

3.2.

3.2.1 Vertical (1) (1x1) (1)

3.2.2 Nucleated (1) (1x1) (1)

3.2.3 People can share ideas on farming (1) (1x1) (1)

People can share the workload (1)
Safety as people live close by (1)
Better socialising with people near you (1)
(ANY ONE)

3.2.4 Heavy (1x1) (1)

3.2.5 Availability of water (2) (2x2) (4)

Occupy large space (2)
Buildings are large (2)
Located near transport networks (2)
Land is generally flat (2)

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Geography/P2 NSC LimpopoDoE/September 2023

3.2.6 People will stop over to buy items increasing business (2) ( 2 x 2 ) (4)
Employment in the area will increase (2)
Increase in accessibility for businesses in the area (2)
It will attract investment in the area (2)
(ANY TWO)

3.3

3.3.1 Data acquisition (1) (1x1) (1)

3.3.2 Secondary (1) (1x1) (1)

3.3.3 Information such as contour lines/ features/ spot heights/ (1x2) (2)
and names of rivers are added to a vertical aerial
photograph (2

3.3.4 a. Data that describes the characteristics of a feature (2) (1x2) (2)

b. Large building (1) (2x1) (2)

Single-storied (1)
Elongated buildings (1)
(ANY TWO)

TOTAL SECTION B: 30

GRAND TOTAL: 150

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