The Teacher and The School Curriculum
The Teacher and The School Curriculum
The Teacher and The School Curriculum
Submitted by:
Cadion,Marjorie P.
Submitted to:
Prof. Dothy Asistio Lorenzo
MODULE 1: CURRICULUM ESSENTIALS
Lesson 1. The Concept of Curriculum
SELF-CHECK:
a. Differentiate prescriptive definitions of curriculum from descriptive definitions
of curriculum.
Prescriptive curriculum provides us with what “ought” to happen, and they more often than not
take the form of a plan, an intended program, or some kind of expert opinion about what needs
to take place in course of study while the descriptive definitions of curriculum go beyond the
prescriptive terms as they force thought about curriculum “not merely in terms of how things
ought to be, but how things are in real classrooms”. It also provides “glimpses” of the
curriculum in action.
b. Define the term “curriculum” as you understand it. Make a concept web that
shows the different concepts of a curriculum.
entire range of
experiences
planned interaction of pupils with
instructional content, materials, Gives learners
resources, and processes for evaluating development
the attainment of educational
objectives. process or
SELF-CHECK:
The four elements that make up a curriculum are surrounded by a context that
affects different aspects of the elements.
a. Name the components of the context in which a curriculum is designed and
implemented.
Purpose (goals and objectives)
Content or subject matter
Methods or learning experiences
Evaluation
b. Explain elaborately the interaction among these elements by giving an
example.
A teacher sets goals on what outcome she wants to see on her students in-lined with her
subject matter. She uses her available materials such as textbooks and activities to support
the lesson she prepared. She uses different teaching strategies that will help her attain the
goals she already set at the beginning. In the end, she evaluated her students using a
performance task to see if the goals set at the beginning were properly met. She also assessed
her teaching strategies to improve her teaching.
c. Can a school curriculum succeed without a clear vision? Clearly explain your
answer.
Vision is very important. It is like the “objective” we are making at the beginning of every
lesson we prepare. So, I think, my answer is no because a school’s vision is the goal or
objective that they want to set before they operate as an institution until the rest of their
service. Without a clear vision, the institution will not be able to effectively and efficiently
operate. It’s like riding a vehicle without knowing where you are heading. They will also not
be able to produce an ideal and effective citizen that will contribute to the betterment of our
society.
ACTIVITY: Instructions: Search for and secure a copy of a sample Lesson Plan
(detailed/semi-detailed), then, using the matrix below, analyze the sample you have and
write your comments and suggestions based on the principles and concepts you have
learned in this module.
REFLECTION PAPER
‘Schools that approach curriculum as subject-centered make robots out of
students.’’
As a student, I agree with the statement presented above. A subject-centered
curriculum has pros and cons. In this kind of curriculum, the learners tend to strengthen the
self-discipline of the learner. They were taught and expected to respect and follow the
authorities such as the teacher, and other school personnel. I believe this will also contribute a
FDFSFDF
lot to have a well-disciplined citizen of the society. This I believe is one of the advantages of the
said curriculum. On the other hand, a subject-centered curriculum makes a learner a passive
receiver of all the information the teacher is imparting to them. It focuses more on the content
of the curriculum and corresponds mostly to the textbooks and other resources. Maybe that
was the reason why in the said curriculum, they compared the learners to robots for the
students are just receivers of knowledge and information being imparted to them. They were
not trained and encouraged well to think on their own and express themselves well. The skills
and strengths of individual learners, do not hasten as well.
Galen Saylor and William Alexander viewed curriculum as “a plan for providing sets
of learning opportunities to achieve broad educational goals and related specific objectives
for an identifiable population served by a single school center”. (Saylor and Alexander,
1974). They perceived that a curriculum is composed of four (4) steps. They are Goals,
Objectives and Domains Curriculum Designing; Curriculum Implementation, and lastly
Evaluation:
The goals or objectives were composed of the major educational goals specified
objectives they want to accomplish. Each one of these goals should advocate four (4) major
goal domains: personal development, human relations, learning skills and specialization. The
next one is the curriculum designing, this is the decision-making stage. Here, the decision
whether the curriculum will be designed according to students’ needs and interests or along
with themes. The third step is curriculum implementation. In this step, the teachers will
conduct and specify different instructional objectives in-lined with the objectives set on the
first step for them to attain it. And lastly, Evaluation. In this final step, the teachers will
assess if the goals set in the first part were attained or not. It also measures the effectiveness
of instructional objectives and teaching strategies they conducted on the previous step.
b. What phase of the curriculum phase do you find very important as a teacher?
Why?
The phase of the curriculum phase I find very important is the Curriculum Evaluation. It
is because it determines whether desired outcomes or objectives set have been achieved. It
also assesses the progress of students' learning and the mastery of their learning using
formative and summative tests. It will also determine where improvement can be made. The
result of the evaluation is very important both for the learners and for the curriculum
implementors because this is where they can measure the effectiveness of the instructional
objectives and teachings strategies they conducted.
c. What curriculum design do you think your previous schools utilized? Identify
and give explanation to the design you have identified.
The curriculum design that my previous school is utilizing is student-centered curriculum
design. In this kind of curriculum, the teacher acts as a facilitator only, and the learners were
expected to reflect on their own, make some inquiries, discuss a specific topic, collaborate, be
accountable, and create outputs on their own. This is the total opposite of the previous
curriculum we had way back on our primary days wherein, the teacher does it all and the learner
just act as the receiver of all the information taught to them. In the student-centered curriculum,
the abilities and skills of each type of learners were properly utilized. It also brings out the best
in every learner an institution has.
MODULE 2: MAJOR FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM
Lesson 1. Philosophical Foundations of Curriculum
SELF-CHECK:
1. Why is it important to study the philosophical foundations of curriculum?
Philosophy is said to be the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and
existence especially when we are considering academic discipline. So, studying the
philosophical foundation of a curriculum is very important because it provides
information about the teaching-learning process. They also contribute to achieving the
optimum level of learning a learner can acquire to attain the desired outcome of the goals
set at the beginning. These philosophical foundations also concern the learners’ physical,
mental, emotional, and even social needs allowing the educators to conduct the most
effective teaching strategy for each kind of learner.
2. In your opinion, who among those personalities has the most significant
contribution in the foundation of the curriculum? Why?
. I In my own opinion, Werret Charters has the most significant contribution to the
foundation of the curriculum. It is because his contributions are the ones that I can observe on the
curriculum we are having right now. Charters and Bobbit viewed curriculum the same way as a
science of emphasizing on the learners’ needs. Charters also gave a point on the alignment of the
objectives and teaching strategies. He also stated that the teachers should plan the subject matter
and the activities ahead of time. I believe it is for the educators to provide the most effective
educational instructions that fit each learner’s needs and interests that will lead to the desired
outcome set at the beginning.
Same with John Dewey, Toffler also acknowledge the individualism of every learner. That
each learner has different needs, interests, and abilities and educators have to deal with that.
He also influenced the curriculum to teach hands-on skills that the learners will be able to use
in the long run.
5. When you were in school, were the concerns of society regarding the
curriculum similar or different from the concerns today?
During my school days, there was a suppression of inquiry and expression for the
curriculum implemented that time was teacher-centered learning which strengthens
self-discipline and ethics. Unlike today, the curriculum focuses more on the abilities
and needs of the learner making it more effective and efficient. This kind of
curriculum we are dealing with right now is known as a student-centered curriculum.
6. Interview individuals who were in primary or secondary school during the
1960s. What was schooling like during that period? Has it changed or in
many respects still the same today?
As I interviewed Mr. Alex Pampolina, he said that the curriculum they had during
their time was teacher-centered curriculum and gives a huge emphasis on self-
discipline. The authorities they had way back then also uses a reward and punishment
system. Yes, it changed a lot for the priority of an educational system nowadays are
the learners themselves, there was also a law that has been passed against corporal
punishment in favor of the learners Unlike before, they tolerate the corporal
punishment as a kind of discipline to the learners.
@Abraham Maslow
In order to support our learners' physiological needs, we have to ensure that all
learners have an access to water in their classrooms. Water bottles are an easy solution
and research shows the various benefits of hydrated students. it's because it'll increase
the learners' performance physically and mentally. it'll also improve their energy and
brain function.
@Carl Rogers
A person who is fascinated by becoming rich might search out books or classes
on economics, investment, great financiers, banking, etc. Such a personal would
perceive and ty to be told any information provided on this subject in a very much
different fashion than someone who is assigned a reading or class.
@Howard Gardner
A learner excels excellently in Math, Science, English, and Arts. He is also a member
of campus choir and dance troupe. That learner is possessing multiple intelligences.