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What is Research?
Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict and

control the observed phenomenon. To research is to purposely and
methodically search for new knowledge and practical solutions in
the form of answers to questions formulated beforehand. Research is
also defined as a systematic inquiry that investigates hypotheses,
suggests new interpretations of data or texts, and poses new
questions for future research to explore.
Research is an essential and powerful tool in leading man towards

progress. Without systematic research there would have been very
little progress.
John W. Best has rightly said, “The secret of our cultural development
has been research, pushing back the areas of ignorance by
discovering new truths, which, in turn, lead to better ways of doing
things and better products.”
Scientific research leads to progress in some field of life. New
products, new facts, new concepts and new ways of doing

things are being found due to ever-increasing significant research
in the physical, the biological, the social and the psychological
fields. Research today is no longer confined to the science
laboratory.
Research is the search for the unknown one. Research in simple

terms refers to search for knowledge. It is a scientific and systematic
search for information on a particular topic or issue. It is also known
as the art of scientific investigation. Several social scientists have
defined research in different ways.
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Meaning of Research:
Research is searching for and gathering information, usually to

answer a particular question or problem. The word research is
derived from the French word „recherché‟ which means “to go about
seeking”. Research includes creative work which is undertaken on
an organized basis in order to increase the bank of knowledge,
including knowledge of humans, culture and society, and the use of
this bank of knowledge to formulate new applications.
Word „Research‟ is comprises of two words = Re+Search. It means to

search again. So research means a systematic investigation or
activity to gain new knowledge of the already existing facts.
Research is an intellectual activity. It is responsible for bringing to light
new knowledge. It is also responsible for correcting the present
mistakes, removing existing misconceptions and adding

new learning to the existing fund of knowledge. Researchers
are considered as a combination of those activities which are
removed from day to day life and are pursued by those persons who
are gifted in intellect and sincere in pursuit of knowledge. But it is not
correct to say that the research is restricted to such type of persons,
however, it is correct to say that major contribution of research
comes from highly gifted and committed workers. Thus the research
is not at all mysterious and is carried on by hundreds of thousands of
average individuals.
Business research is a systematic and objective process of

gathering, recording and analyzing data for aid in making business
decisions. Business research comes within the purview of social
science research.
Marketing research is an important part of overall business research.

Systematic collection and analysis of data relating to sale and
distribution of financial products and services is called marketing
research.
Definitions of Research:
The following are the important definitions of research:

“Research is an endeavor / attempt to discover, develop and verify
knowledge. It is an intellectual process that has developed over
hundreds of years ever changing in purpose and form and always
researching to truth.”
J. Francis Rummel
“Research is an honest, exhaustive, intelligent searching for facts

and their meanings or implications with reference to a given
problem. The product or findings of a given piece of research should
be an authentic, verifiable contribution to knowledge in the field
studied.”
P.M. Cook
“Research may be defined as a method of studying problems whose
solutions are to be derived partly or wholly from facts.”
W.S. Monroes
“Research comprises defining and redefining problems ,formulating

hypothesis or suggested solutions, collecting ,organizing and
evaluating data, making deductions and reaching conclusions and
at last careful testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit
the formulated hypothesis.”
Clifford Woody
“Research is a systematic effort to gain new knowledge.”

Redman & Mori
“Social research may be defined as a scientific undertaking which

by means of logical and systematized techniques aims to discover
new facts or verify and test old facts , analyse their sequences , inter-
relationships and casual explanation which were derived within an
appropriate theoretical frame of reference , develop new scientific
tools , concepts and theories which would facilitate reliable and
valid study of human behavior.”
P.V. Younge
In the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, D. Slesinger and M.
Stephension (1930) defined research as “the manipulation of things,
concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend,
correct or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in the
construction of theory or in the practice of an art”.
According to Redman and Mory (1923), research is a “systematized

effort to gain new knowledge”. It is an academic activity and
therefore the term should be used in a technical sense.
According to Clifford Woody (kothari, 1988), research comprises

“defining and redefining problems, formulating hypotheses or
suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and evaluating data;
making deductions and reaching conclusions; and finally, carefully
testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulated
hypotheses”.
Thus, research is an original addition to the available knowledge,

which contributes to its further advancement. It is an attempt to
pursue truth through the methods of study, observation, comparison
and experiment. In sum, research is the search for knowledge, using
objective and systematic methods to find solution to a problem.
Objectives of Research:
Research in common man's language refers to "search for

Knowledge". Research is an art of scientific investigation. It is also a
systematic design, collection, analysis and reporting the findings &
solutions for the marketing problem of a company. The objective of
research is to find answers to the questions by applying scientific
procedures. In other words, the main aim of research is to find out
the truth which is hidden and has not yet been discovered. Although
every research study has its own specific objectives, the research
objectives may be broadly grouped as follows:
1. To gain familiarity with new insights into a phenomenon (i.e.,
formulate research studies);
2. To accurately portray the characteristics of a particular individual,

group, or a situation (i.e., descriptive research studies);
3. To analyze the frequency with which something occurs (i.e.,

diagnostic research studies); and
4. To examine the hypothesis of a causal relationship between two

variables (i.e., hypothesis-testing research studies).
From the above:

 To understand clearly an observed phenomenon and explain
its logic and reason for happening.
 To get insights about problem.
 To find solutions for a problem.
 To test existing laws or theories.
 To develop new ideas, concepts and theories.
 To test hypothesis of a casual relationship between variables.
 To identify areas where research could make the difference.
 To predict future of events.

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What is Research?

Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict and

Research is an essential and powerful tool in leading man towards

products, new facts, new concepts and new ways of doing

Research is the search for the unknown one. Research in simple

PROBLEM SOLVED BY SOLUTION

 What next? Your problem

 You have gathered information from

 ICET Entrance Exam

 ICET certificate verification

 VAAGESWARI College Solution

Research is searching for and gathering information, usually to

Word „Research‟ is comprises of two words = Re+Search. It means to

mistakes, removing existing misconceptions and adding

Business research is a systematic and objective process of

Marketing research is an important part of overall business research.

The following are the important definitions of research:

“Research is an honest, exhaustive, intelligent searching for facts

“Research comprises defining and redefining problems ,formulating

“Research is a systematic effort to gain new knowledge.”

“Social research may be defined as a scientific undertaking which

According to Redman and Mory (1923), research is a “systematized

According to Clifford Woody (kothari, 1988), research comprises

Thus, research is an original addition to the available knowledge,

Research in common man's language refers to "search for

2. To accurately portray the characteristics of a particular individual,

3. To analyze the frequency with which something occurs (i.e.,

4. To examine the hypothesis of a causal relationship between two

From the above:

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