PPP, Gerund, - in
PPP, Gerund, - in
PPP, Gerund, - in
• Another way of expressing a past action is by the use of the past passive participle
which is very common in Sanskrit.
Ø ayam dharmaḥ buddhena deśitaḥ | (deśitaḥ qualifies dharmaḥ)
sg,m,nom sg,m,nom sg,m,inst PPP,sg,m,nom
The Brahmin priest offers fire (in the ritual — for the sake of another
person).
• But in the course of time, this distinction had become very blurred and is
rarely observed. What we need to know is that some verbs have only the
parasmaipada form, some only the ātmanepada form, and some both
forms, with little or no distinction in meaning.
Paradigm for Āt Conjugation: √bhāṣ (I, ‘speak’)
Person sg du pl
3rd bhāṣate bhāṣete bhāṣante
Ø pra + √i (II ‘go’) → pra + i + tya → pre + tya → pretya ‘having gone’
In this sentence, the subject is abhidharma, and the gerund, piṇḍīkṛtya, expresses
a passive action, ‘having been gathered together’ (‘having been made into a
collection’).
Possessive suffix -in
• The suffix -in expresses the sense of ‘having/possessing’, and makes a
noun an adjective.