EarthAndLifeScience (SHS) Q2 Mod29 TheProcessOfEvolution V1
EarthAndLifeScience (SHS) Q2 Mod29 TheProcessOfEvolution V1
EarthAndLifeScience (SHS) Q2 Mod29 TheProcessOfEvolution V1
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Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
Thank you.
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the process of evolution. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.
What I Know
Directions. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. The Greek word phylon from the word phylogeny means __________________.
A. ancestor
B. branch
C. origin
D. tribe
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
3. Diagram that traces evolutionary relationships and connections among
organisms
A. evolution
B. family tree
C. lineages tree
D. phylogenetic tree
4. Lineages that evolved early from the root and remain unbranched
A. basal taxon
B. branch point
C. root
D. sister taxa
8. Indicates that an ancestral lineage gave rise to all organisms on the tree
A. basal taxon
B. branch point
C. root
D. sister taxa
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
10. Group which shows similar traits that is different from the other
descendants of a common ancestor
A. monophyletic
B. paraphyletic
C. polyphyletic
D. polytomy
12. A group of organisms that does not include recent common ancestors, and
does not share characteristics with the original common ancestor.
A. monophyletic
B. paraphyletic
C. polyphyletic
D. polytomy
13. Refers to a group of organisms whose most recent ancestors descended from
two or more ancient common ancestors.
A. monophyletic
B. paraphyletic
C. polyphyletic
D. polytomy
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
Lesson
In 1835, when Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands, evidence has been found
to indicate that living things have changed gradually during their natural history.
The study of fossils as well as biogeography, embryology, molecular evidence, and
comparative anatomy such as homologous structure, analogous structure and
vestigial structure provide evidence for evolution.
What’s In
Activity 1
Match the picture with each type of evidence. Choose from the word bank
below the pictures. Write your answer on the space provided below each item.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
What’s New
Activity 2
Label the parts of a rooted phylogenetic tree based on the given description.
1.
2.
3.
5. 4.
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
sister taxa point of two lineages stem from the same
branch
polytomy branch with more than two lineages
Root Indicates that an ancestral lineage gave
rise to all organisms on the tree
What is It
Activity 3
1. 2.
_____________________________ _________________________________
3.
____________________________ __________________________________
What’s More
Activity 4
Analyze the phylogenetic tree. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
1. The root of the tree is represented by letter ______________.
2. ____________ shows common ancestor of B and C.
3. A to E represents the ________________________.
4. B and C are ____________________.
5. Which is more likely close related? A and C or C and D?
Activity 5
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What I Can Do
Activity 6
Complete the phylogenetic tree. Choose the corresponding organism from the
word bank.
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Lineages that evolved early from the root and remain unbranched
a. basal taxon
b. branch point
c. root
d. sister taxa
2. The point where split takes place
a. basal taxon
b. branch point
c. polytomy
d. sister taxa
3. Indicates that an ancestral lineage gave rise to all organisms on the tree
a. basal taxon
b. branch point
c. root
d. sister taxa
4. Monophyletic group is also called _________________.
a. clade
b. domain
c. genus
d. taxa
5. Branch with more than two lineages
a. basal taxon
b. branch point
c. polytomy
d. sister taxa
6. Point of two lineages stem from the same branch
a. basal taxon
b. branch point
c. root
d. sister taxa
7. Greek word phylon from the word phylogeny means ______________________.
a. ancestor c. origin
b. branch d. tribe
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
9. Diagram that traces evolutionary relationships and connections among
organisms
a. evolution
b. family tree
c. lineages tree
d. phylogenetic tree
For numbers 10 -11. Analyze the structure of phylogenetic tree.
15. Indicates recent common ancestor and all the descendants of the recent
common ancestor
a. monophyletic
b. paraphyletic
c. polyphyletic
d. polytomy
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
Additional Activities
Activity 7
Questions:
1. What do you call to the place where two branches split apart?
________________
2. What does the branch point that connects chimpanzee, bonobo and
human represent?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What is that single branch point from which all branches originate?
_________________________________
4. What does the node closest to the root represent?
_____________________________
5. How important is phylogenetic tree? ______________________________
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29
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Additional Activity What can I do What I Have
Activity 7 Activity 6 Learned
1. branch point Activity 5
1. dolphin
2. most recent common
ancestor of all the species
2. tuna
1. fossils
on those branches 3. frog
2. phylogeny
3. root 4. gorilla
3. phylogenetic tree
4. represents most recent 5. beaver
4. branch point
common ancestor for all 6. alligator
5. basal taxon
organisms in the tree 7. tyrannosaurus
5. used to help represent
6. root
evolutionary relationship 7. monophyletic
between organisms that 8. paraphyletic
are believed to have some 9. polyphyletic
common ancestry. 10. soft polytomy
What's More What Is It What's New
Activity 4 Activity 3 Activity 2
1. K 1. Paraphyletic 1. Sister Taxa
2. G 2. Polyphyletic 2. Polytomy .
3. tip or terminal node 3. Monophyletic 3. Basal Taxon
4. sister taxa 4. Soft 4. Branch point
5. A and C Polytomy/Polytomy 5. Root
What I Know What's In Assessment
1. D 9. A Activity 1 1. A 9. D
2. C 10. A 2. B 10. D
3. D 11. D 1.analogous structure 3. C 11. C
4. A 12. C 2.homologous structure 4. A 12. C
5. B 13. B 3. embryology 5. C 13. D
6. C 14. D 4. vestigial structure 6. D 14. B
7. D 15. C 5. fossil record 7. D 15. A
8. C 6. molecular evidence 8. C
Answer Key
References
Miller, K. R. & Levine, J. (2004). Prentice Hall: Biology. New Jersey, Pearson
Education Inc.
Sia, S. & Cortez, L. (2016). Science in Today’s World for Senior High School
https://media.hhmi.org/biointeractive/click/Phylogenetic_Trees/02.html
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVW8iIEfiZI
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CO_Q2_Earth and Life Science (SHS)_ Module 29