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Problem 12.26 AML Week 5

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Problem 12.

26 – Activity-Based Management, Non-Value-Added Costs, Target Costs, Kaizen Costing

Joseph Hansen, president of Electronica, Inc., was concerned about the end-of-the-year marketing
report that he had just received. According to Kylee Hepworth, marketing manager, a price  decrease for
the coming year was again needed to maintain the company's annual sales volume of integrated circuit
boards (CBs). This would make a bad situation worse. The current selling price of $27 per unit was
producing a $3-per-unit profit—half the customary $6-per-unit profit. Foreign competitors keep
reducing their prices. To match the latest reduction would reduce the price from $27 to $21. This would
put the price below the cost to produce and sell it. How could the foreign firms sell for such a low price?
Determined to find out if there were problems with the company's operations, Joseph decided to hire
Carsen Hepworth, a well-known consultant and brother of Kylee, who specializes in methods of
continuous improvement. Carsen indicated that he felt that an activity-based management system
needed to be implemented. After three weeks, Carsen had identified the following activities and costs:

Carsen indicated that some preliminary activity analysis shows that per-unit costs can be reduced by at
least $10.50. Since Kylee had indicated that the market share (sales volume) for the boards could be
increased by 50 percent if the price could be reduced to $18, Joseph became quite excited.

Required:
1. What is activity-based management? What connection does it have to continuous
improvement?
2. Identify as many non-value-added costs as possible. Compute the cost savings per unit that
would be realized if these costs were eliminated. Was Carsen correct in his preliminary cost
reduction assessment? Discuss actions that the company can take to reduce or eliminate the
non-value-added activities.

Answer
Check Figures: Total = $1,278,000

3. Compute the target cost required to maintain current market share, while earning a profit of $6
per unit. Now, compute the target cost required to expand sales by 50 percent. How much cost
reduction would be required to achieve each target?

Answer
Check Figures: Cost reduction to maintain = $9, Cost reduction to expand = $12

4. Assume that Carsen suggested that kaizen costing be used to help reduce costs. The first
suggested kaizen initiative is described by the following: switching to automated insertion would
save $90,000 of engineering support and $135,000 of direct labor. Now, what is the total
potential cost reduction per unit available? With these additional reductions, can Electronica
achieve the target cost to maintain current sales? To increase it by 50 percent? What form of
activity analysis is this kaizen initiative: reduction, sharing, elimination, or selection?

Answer
Check Figures: Unit savings = $12.53

5. Calculate income based on current sales, prices, and costs. Now, calculate the income using a
$21 price and an $18 price, assuming that the maximum cost reduction possible is achieved
(including Requirement 4's kaizen reduction). What price should be selected?

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