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4.09 Multiaxial Fatigue

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4.

09
Multiaxial Fatigue
G. B. MARQUIS
Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland
and
D. F. SOCIE
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA

4.09.1 INTRODUCTION 221

4.09.2 MULTIAXIAL STRESS–STRAIN 222


4.09.2.1 Cyclic Deformation 222
4.09.2.2 Cyclic Plasticity Models 223
4.09.2.3 Nonproportional Loading 224
4.09.3 SHEAR AND MIXED MODE CRACK GROWTH 225
4.09.3.1 Damage Mechanisms 225
4.09.3.2 Shear Crack Growth 226
4.09.3.3 Mixed Mode Crack Growth 228
4.09.3.3.1 Equivalent stress intensity 230
4.09.3.3.2 Strain energy density 230
4.09.3.3.3 Equivalent strain intensity 231
4.09.3.3.4 Cyclic J-integral 232
4.09.3.4 Damage Maps 232
4.09.4 MULTIAXIAL DAMAGE MODELS 236
4.09.4.1 Critical Plane Models 236
4.09.4.1.1 Shear damage 236
4.09.4.1.2 Tensile damage 239
4.09.4.2 Macro–Micro Models 240
4.09.4.3 Energy-based Models 242
4.09.4.4 Cycle Counting and Damage Accumulation 243
4.09.5 NOTCHES 244
4.09.5.1 Multiaxial Loading of Notched Components 245
4.09.5.1.1 Shafts and bars 245
4.09.5.1.2 Plate structures 245
4.09.5.1.3 Nonproportional loading 246
4.09.5.2 Stress and Strains at Notches 248
4.09.5.2.1 Stress-based approaches 249
4.09.5.2.2 Strain-based approaches 249
4.09.6 SUMMARY 250

4.09.7 REFERENCES 250

4.09.1 INTRODUCTION design process in many industries. The combi-


nation of complex geometry and loads applied
Fatigue evaluation of components and in several directions often produces multiaxial
structures has become an integral part of the stress–strain states within components subject

221

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