Proposed Project - Geer RD Solar Project, LLC.
Proposed Project - Geer RD Solar Project, LLC.
Proposed Project - Geer RD Solar Project, LLC.
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KINGSBURY SOLAR
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SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS
LOCATION NAME/SPECIES SUPPLIER SEEDING
ERNX 129-CONSERVATION
ERNST
SHADE MIX
BUTTERFLY AND
C OUTSIDE OF FENCE HUMMINGBIRD ERNMX-179 30#/ACRE
GARDEN MIX
1. BETWEEN DECEMBER 1ST AND APRIL 1ST EACH TYPE OF SEED SHALL HAVE AN ADDITIONAL 1#/1,000 SF OF
WINTER RYEGRASS OR GRAIN RYE GRASS SEED INCLUDED.
2. IT SHALL BE THE SUB-CONTRACTORS RESPONSIBILITY TO ENSURE THAT THE PROJECT LIMIT OF WORK IS
STABILIZED (IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL, STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS/REQUIREMENTS/PERMITS
LANDSCAPING PLAN
APPROVALS) DURING THE LENGTH OF THE PROJECT.
ALL DISTURBED AREAS SHALL BE RESTORED WITH 4" MIN, TOPSOIL AND SEED PER SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS
1/2
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Landscape Architects, Architects,
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PLANT LIST
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13 CD CEDRUS DEODARA 'AUREA' GOLDEN WEEPING DEODAR CEDAR H=25/40'; W=15/30 2 1/2"-3" CAL.
17 CJ CRYPTOMERIA JAPONICA JAPANESE CEDAR H=60'; W=20 2 1/2"-3" CAL.
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LANDSCAPING PLAN
TREES 2500' 1250' 0 2500'
2/2
Michael Doud 8/21/2019, revised 3/20/2020
Director of Development
ENGINEER'S ESTIMATE
OF DECOMMISSIONING COSTS
Geer Road Solar
Town of Kingsbury, New York
Langan Project No.190050702
February 24, 2020
III. SALVAGE
15.0 Racking Frame 240,240 LBS. $ 0.09 $ 21,620.00
16.0 Racking Posts 230,340 LBS. $ 0.09 $ 20,730.60
SUBTOTAL $ 42,350.60
ASSUMPTIONS/EXCLUSIONS:
1. This estimate does not include permit/application fees or potential environmental remediation costs.
2. Quantities for Line Items #6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 are estimates. The electrical wiring design has not been completed.
3. Line item #9.0 includes removal of fence and all appurtenances, including but not limited to footings, posts and barbed wire.
4. Line item #13.0 includes re-seeding of the driveway area (after stone removal), concrete pads and reseeding within the fenced area as a result of
decommissioning.
5. Line item #14.0 includes filling of the roadbed (after road stone removal).
Page 1 of 1
DECOMMISSIONING PLAN
for
Prepared For:
Prepared By:
Table of Contents
2 Decommissioning .............................................................................. 2
2.1 Dismantling PV Modules, Racks and Supports ..................................................... 2
2.2 Dismantling Electrical Equipment and Foundations .............................................. 3
2.3 Dismantling Driveways ........................................................................................ 3
2.4 Other Components .............................................................................................. 3
2.5 Department of Agriculture and Markets ............................................................... 3
1 Executive Summary
Decommissioning will occur as a result of any of the following conditions:
The site activity impacts will be similar to the construction phase, but in reverse sequence.
Decommissioning of electrical devices, equipment and wiring/cabling will be conducted in
accordance with local, municipal, state, and federal standards and guidelines. Electrical
decommissioning will include obtaining the required permits and following procedures before de-
energizing, isolating, and disconnecting electrical devices, equipment and wiring/cabling.
• The creation of temporary work areas. In order to provide sufficient area for the laydown
of the disassembled panels and racking and loading onto trucks, gravel will be placed on
a clear, level area that is accessible.
• Equipment will include, at a minimum:
o The use of cranes to remove the panels, racking, inverters, and transformers.
o The use of trucks for removal of panels, racking, inverters, and transformers.
• Driveways will be removed unless the property owners want them left in place. The
gravel will be removed and replaced with clean soil for reuse by the landowner for
agricultural or other purposes.
Erosion and sediment control measures, similar to those used during construction will be
implemented and maintained by the trained contractor.
2 Decommissioning
2.1 Dismantling PV Modules, Racks and Supports
Modules will be disconnected, removed from the racks, packaged and transported to a
designated location for resale, recycling or disposal. If the modules are not to be reused in a
different location, the glass and silicon will be reclaimed and the aluminum frames will be
recycled. Any disposal or recycling will be done in accordance with local by-laws and
requirements. The connecting underground cables and the junction boxes will be de-energized,
disconnected and removed.
The steel lattice racks supporting the modules will be unbolted and disassembled using standard
hand tools, possibly assisted by a small portable crane. The vertical steel posts supporting the
racks and steel support posts (driven or screwed) will be completely removed by mechanical
equipment and transported off-site for salvage (driven piles) or reuse (screw piles).
Any demolition debris that is not salvageable will be transported by truck to an approved offsite
disposal area. Other salvageable equipment and/or material will be removed from the site for
resale, scrap value or disposal depending on market conditions.
Geer Road Solar Page 3
221 Geer Road October 18, 2019
Town of Kingsbury, New York
Decommissioning will require dismantling and removal of the electrical equipment, including
inverters, transformers, underground cables and overhead lines, the prefabricated inverter
enclosures and substation electrical building. The equipment will be disconnected and
transported off-site by truck. The concrete foundations and support pads may be broken up by
mechanical equipment (backhoe-hydraulic hammer/shovel, jackhammer), loaded onto dump
trucks and removed from the site, at the request of the property owners; and smaller pre-cast
concrete support pads may be removed intact by cranes and loaded onto trucks for reuse or be
broken up and hauled away by dump trucks.
Prior to removal of the transformers, the oil will be pumped into a separate industry approved
disposal container and sealed to prevent any spill during storage and/or transportation.
Equipment and material may be salvaged for resale or scrap value depending on the market
conditions.
Concrete piers, footers or other supports must be removed to a depth of 48-inches below the
soil surface. Underground electric lines must be abandoned in place. Access roads in agricultural
areas must be removed, unless otherwise specified by the landowner.
Once decommissioning is completed, disturbed areas shall be final seeded within 14 days after
completion of the land disturbing activities. Final site stabilization is achieved when soil-
disturbing activities have been completed and a uniform, perennial vegetative cover with a
density of 80 percent has been established or equivalent stabilization measures (such as the use
of mulches or geotextiles) have been employed on the disturbed unpaved areas and areas not
covered by permanent structures.
1. Soil stockpile locations shall be located away from storm drainage, water bodies or
watercourses and surrounded with adequate erosion and sediment control measures.
Soil stockpile locations shall be exposed no longer than 14 days before seeding.
2. Equipment maintenance areas shall be protected from stormwater flows and shall be
supplied with appropriate waste receptacles for spent chemicals, solvents, oils, greases,
gasoline, and any pollutants that might contaminate the surrounding habitat or water
supply. Equipment wash-down zones shall be within areas draining to sediment control
devices.
3. The use of detergents for large-scale (e.g., vehicles, buildings, pavement surfaces)
washing is prohibited.
4. Material storage locations and facilities (e.g., covered storage areas, storage sheds) shall
be on-site and shall be stored according to the manufacturer’s standards in a dedicated
staging area. Chemicals, paints, solvents, fertilizers, and other toxic material shall be
Geer Road Solar Page 5
221 Geer Road October 18, 2019
Town of Kingsbury, New York
5. Hazardous spills shall be immediately contained to prevent pollutants from entering the
surrounding habitat or water supply. Spill Kits shall be provided on site and shall be
displayed in a prominent location for ease of access and use. Spills greater than 5 gallons
shall be reported to the NYSDEC Response Unit at 1-800-457-7362. In addition, a record
of the incidents or notifications shall be documented and attached to the SWPPP.
6. Portable sanitary waste facilities shall be provided on site for workers and shall be properly
maintained.
7. Dumpsters or debris containers shall be on site and shall be of adequate size to manage
respective materials. Regular collection and disposal of wastes must occur as required.
8. Non-stormwater components of site discharge shall be clean water. Water used for
construction, which discharges from the site, must originate from a public water supply
or approved private well. Water used for construction that does not originate from an
approved public supply must not discharge from the site.
Inspection reports must identify and document the maintenance of the erosion and sediment
control measures. If deficiencies are identified, the contractor will begin implementing corrective
actions within one business day and must complete the corrective actions by the end of the day.
Geer Road Solar Page 6
221 Geer Road October 18, 2019
Town of Kingsbury, New York
4 Waste Disposal
As discussed above, the waste generated by the installation, operation and decommissioning of
The Project is minimal, and there are no toxic residues. Any wastes generated will be disposed
of according to standards of the day with the emphasis of recycling materials whenever possible.
5 Restoration of Land
5.1 General
The agricultural use of the areas will be restored by:
• Site cleanup.
• Any excavation and/or trenching caused by the removal of building or equipment
foundations, rack supports and underground electrical cables will be backfilled with the
appropriate material and leveled to match the ground surface.
• Driveways will be removed completely, filled with suitable sub-grade material and leveled.
Topsoil will be placed on these areas to restore agricultural capability.
• Any compacted ground will be tilled, mixed with suitable sub-grade materials and leveled.
• Remove all rocks 4 inches and larger from the surface of the topsoil. Subsoil
decompaction and topsoil replacement must be avoided after October 1. All parties
involved must be cognizant that areas restored after October 1st may not obtain sufficient
growth to prevent erosion over the winter months. If areas are to be restored after
October 1st, necessary provision must be made to restore and/or reseed any eroded or
poorly germinated areas in the springtime, to establish proper growth.
• Regrade all access roads to allow for farm equipment crossing and to restore original
surface drainage patterns, or other drainage pattern incorporated into the design.
• Seed all restored agricultural areas with the seed mix specified by the landowner, in order
to maintain consistency with the surrounding areas.
• Repair all surface or subsurface drainage structures damaged during construction as close
to preconstruction conditions as possible, unless said structures are to be removed as
Geer Road Solar Page 7
221 Geer Road October 18, 2019
Town of Kingsbury, New York
part of the project design. Correct any surface or subsurface drainage problems resulting
from construction of the solar energy project with the appropriate mitigation as
determined by the Environmental Monitor, Soil and Water Conservation District and the
Landowner.
During decommissioning, Geer Road Solar will coordinate with the local authority, the public and
others as required to provide them with information about the ongoing activities. Besides regular
direct/indirect communication, a sign will be posted at the gate of the facility which will include
Geer Road Solar’s contact information (telephone number, e-mail and mailing address) should
the public have any questions, inquiries or complaints. Inquiries will be directed to Geer Road
Solar’s primary contact person who will respond to the inquiry accordingly. Inquiries will be
logged electronically with the following information: date of question, inquiry or complaint, name,
phone number, email address of the individual, response, date of response, and any follow-up
issues.
It is anticipated that the decommissioning will require a Building or Demolition permit obtained
from Town of Kingsbury.
\\langan.com\data\WPW\data7\190050701\Project Data\_Discipline\Site Civil\Reports\Decommissioning\2019-09-25\2019-09-25 Decommissioning Plan.docx
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 1:17pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 1a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 1
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 1b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 1
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:25
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 2a
Existing Condition - Viewpoint 2
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 2b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 2
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 2c
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 2 with Landscape Mitigation (Yr. 1 growth)
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 2d
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 2 with Landscape Mitigation (Yr. 5 growth)
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:34pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 3a
Existing Condition - Viewpoint 3
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 3b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 3
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:47pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 4a
Existing Condition - Viewpoint 4
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 4b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 4
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 4c
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 4 with Landscape Mitigation (Yr. 1 growth)
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 4d
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 4 with Landscape Mitigation (Yr. 5 growth)
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:43pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 5a
Existing Condition - Viewpoint 5
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 5b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 5
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 5c
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 5 (Yr. 1 growth)
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 5d
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 5 (Yr. 5 growth)
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:55pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 6a
Existing Condition - Viewpoint 6a
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 6b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 6a
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:55pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 7a
Existing Condition - Viewpoint 6b
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Location of project behind trees
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 7b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 6b
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:58pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 8a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 7
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Location of project behind trees
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 8b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 7
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 12:59pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 9a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 8
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Location of project behind house
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 9b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 8
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 1:00pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 10a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 9
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 10b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 9
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 1:00pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 11a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 10
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Location of project behind trees
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 11b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 10
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: September 30, 2019
Time: 1:06pm
Focal Length: 24mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 12a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 11
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Location of project behind trees and barns
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 12b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 11
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Photograph Information
Date: November 24, 2019
Time: 11:55am
Focal Length: 50mm
Camera: Canon EOS 6D
MarkII
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 13a
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 12
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
To appear at the correct scale this page is intended to be viewed approximately 11“ from the reader’s eye when printed on 11”x17” paper.
Figure 13b
Simulated Condition - Viewpoint 12
PROJECT VISUALIZATION
Kingsbury Solar,
221 Geer Road
Kingsbury, Washington County, NY
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Technical Memorandum
Executive Summary
Matrix Development, LLC (Matrix) is developing a nominal 18.6 MWdc solar photovoltaic (PV)
project northwest of the intersection of Geer and Underwood Roads in Hudson Falls, NY
referred to as Geer Road WEST. Another project proposed by Matrix located on the opposite
side of Geer Road, which is not the subject of this memorandum, is referred to as Geer Road
EAST.
The Geer Road WEST Project is comprised of three single axis tracking arrays: #1 (6.65 MWdc),
#2 (6.65 MWdc), and #4 (5.28 MWdc). Matrix has engaged Barrett Energy Resources Group
(BERG) to analyze potential impacts of glare from the project on aviation receptors at Floyd
Bennett Memorial Airport (GFL) located in Queensbury approximately 2 miles west of the
project, and receptors close to the project such as motorists and residences.
To complete this work, BERG has utilized the Solar Glare Hazard Analysis Tool (SGHAT) which
was developed by the US Department of Energy for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
to protect aviation sensitive receptors from unintended glare from solar projects. For this
project, SGHAT has been used along with the FAA’s Solar Policy and ocular hazard standard to
evaluate glare on aircraft on final approach to four runway ends at GFL. SGHAT has also been
used to assess potential glare impacts on motorist receptors traveling on Geer and Underwood
Roads and on representative residential receptors in the vicinity of the project.
The modeling reports, which are included as Attachment A for the aviation receptors and
Attachment B for the non-aviation receptors, show no potential glare impacts on any of the
receptors analyzed. This is primarily due to the use of the single axis tracking system which
limits the potential for glare on receptors relatively close to the ground including pilots landing
at the airport runway ends. For aviation receptors, the results demonstrate that the project as
designed meets the FAA’s Solar Policy and ocular hazard standard. This Technical
Memorandum describes the project, methodology, and results.
11/30/2019 1
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Project Description
The Geer Road-West Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Project is located on about 100 acres of
undeveloped farmland northwest of the intersection of Geer and Underwood Roads in Hudson
Falls, NY as shown on Figure 1. The project is designed as a single axis tracking array and has a
nameplate capacity of 18.6 MWdc. It is adjacent to another project proposed by Matrix referred
to as Geer Road East.
11/30/2019 2
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
receptors, the model also produces a highly credible result for evaluating other glare sensitive
receptors such as motor vehicles and residences.
The FAA’s Solar Policy specifies the glare methodology and ocular hazard standard required for
solar PV projects located at airports. For this analysis, BERG used SGHAT version 3 released in
the spring of 2016 under the brand “GlareGauge.” For consistency with the FAA Policy, the
model is referred to herein as SGHAT.
11/30/2019 3
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
If glare is recorded by the SGHAT model, the predicted intensity of the glare is reported in a
color-coded system at three levels:
The Policy includes an ocular hazard standard which sets forth the intensity of glare using the
color-coded system that is deemed significant and thereby determined to produce a potential
hazard to air navigation. The standard prohibits any glare from impacting the air traffic control
tower (ATCT) (i.e. results with green, yellow or red represent a significant impact), but allows
for a low potential for an after image (green) for pilots on approach to the airport with yellow
and red results representing a significant impact. Table 1 presents the airport sensitive
receptors that must be evaluated for glare using the SGHAT model, the potential results
reported by the model, and whether the result complies with the FAA’s Solar Policy.
Table 1. SGHAT Model Levels of Glare and Compliance with FAA Policy
Airport Sensitive Level of Glare Glare Color Does Result
Receptor Result Comply with FAA
Policy?
1An after-image occurs when you look directly into a bright light, then look away. It typically takes several seconds for your vision to
readjust and return to normal. It is also referred to as a temporary visual disability or flash blindness.
11/30/2019 4
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
The FAA Policy and ocular hazard standard apply to the assessment of aviation receptors and
are not specifically relevant for the evaluation of glare impacts on other receptors. For non-
aviation receptors, the results are simply used to determine if glare is predicted (any color) or
not (no color).
For the Geer Road West Solar Project, BERG used the PV project polygon tool to draw the
footprint of the solar arrays on SGHAT’s interactive Google map. The specific attributes of the
solar arrays were then input into the model. As the project proposes a single axis tracking array,
SGHAT includes relevant fields for those elements including for this project design: tilt angle of
0°, azimuth orientation of 0°, beginning and ending panel rotational angle of 60°, average
height of 6 feet above ground level (agl), and a panel surface with no anti-reflective coating as a
baseline. Figure 3 is a simple schematic showing how the solar panels track the sun’s position
throughout the day.
11/30/2019 5
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Floyd Bennett Airport does not have an air traffic control tower (ATCT); therefore, the only
receptors requiring analysis are the approach pathways associated with the four runway ends.
To analyze the aviation sensitive receptors, BERG activated the flight path tool and selected the
threshold (or end) of the first runway and selected a second point away from the threshold to
represent a straight-on approach pathway, and the model automatically draws the flightpath
from the threshold out to two miles for analysis. This step was repeated for the other three
approach pathways. The model assumes a 3-degree glide path for each runway approach,
which was confirmed for three of the four approach pathways; however, arrivals to Runway 12
are designed for a 3.85-degree glide slope which was used. Figure 4 shows the location of the
solar project, and the two-mile flight paths (in light purple) analyzed in accordance with FAA
methodology.
For the non-aviation analysis, BERG identified representative motor vehicle receptors
associated with the roadways near the project as well as nearby residential receptors. The
11/30/2019 6
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
model’s observation point tool was used to select individual points located on the Google map.
Four motorist and eight residential locations were analyzed as shown on Figure 5. For the
motorist receptors, the driver’s height above the roadway was set at 5 feet. For the residential
receptors, the viewpoint was set at 5 feet above ground level to represent the view of a person
standing on the property.
For each model run, the glare analysis button was activated, and the model evaluated glare
from various sun angles at 1-minute intervals throughout the year to predict if glare could be
observed by the sensitive receptors.
11/30/2019 7
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
The single axis tracking system is effective in eliminating potential glare from receptors close to
the ground. This is due first to the design and operational elements where the face of the panel
is always perpendicular to the sun as the sun moves across the sky during the day. The effect is
that the sun’s rays contact the panel and the portion that is reflected returns back toward the
sun and not toward any receptor on the ground. This concept is illustrated in Figure 6.
The second project element of the tracking system that mitigates glare is the starting and
stopping angle of the panels, which for this project is set at 60° (compared to 90° if the panel
continued tracking to the horizon). Because the panels do not extract much energy from the
sun when it is low on the horizon, the tracking system does not remain perpendicular to the sun
at the beginning and end of each day. If it did, the sun may contact the panel surface and reflect
back toward the sun at a low angle and close to the ground. Instead, the panel is already angled
such that any reflection from the rising or setting sun is cast upward and away from the ground.
Once the sun rises to a position in the sky where it is perpendicular to the panel “resting” angle,
the tracking commences. At the end of the day, the panel reaches the same angle where it
started the day, stops tracking, and, as the sun continues to set, any reflection off the panel is
cast upward. This concept is also shown in Figure 6.
Conclusions
Barrett Energy Resources Group (BERG) has utilized the SGHAT modeling tool developed by
the US Department of Energy to assess the potential effects of glare from a solar photovoltaic
(PV) project on both aviation and non-aviation receptors near Matrix Development’s proposed
11/30/2019 8
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
solar project at Geer and Underwood Roads in Hudson Falls, NY. There are two solar projects
adjacent to each other and the project addressed in this study is referred to as Geer Road West.
The modeling reports, which are included as Attachment A for the aviation receptors and
Attachment B for the non-aviation receptors, show that the project has no potential to produce
glare on aviation and non-aviation receptors. Impacts are fundamentally mitigated by the
single axis tracking system design which directs any reflections back skyward. For aviation
receptors, the results demonstrated that the project as designed meets the FAA’s Solar Policy
and ocular hazard standard.
11/30/2019 9
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Attachment A
11/30/2019 10
FORGESOLAR GLARE ANALYSIS
• No "yellow" glare (potential for after-image) for any flight path from threshold to 2 miles
• No glare of any kind for Air Traffic Control Tower(s) ("ATCT") at cab height.
• Default analysis and observer characteristics (see list below)
ForgeSolar does not represent or speak officially for the FAA and cannot approve or deny projects. Results are informational only.
Analysis parameters PASS Analysis time interval and eye characteristics used are acceptable
Flight path(s) PASS Flight path receptor(s) do not receive yellow glare
ATCT(s) N/A No ATCT receptors designated
Default glare analysis parameters and observer eye characteristics (for reference only):
Analysis Parameters
PV Array(s)
Name: Array 2
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0°
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0°
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0°
Max tracking angle: 60.0°
Resting angle: 60.0°
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without AR coating
Reflectivity: Vary with sun
Slope error: correlate with material
Vertex Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Vertex Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Vertex Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Name: Rwy 1
Description:
Threshold height: 50 ft
Direction: 358.0°
Glide slope: 3.0°
Pilot view restricted? Yes
Vertical view: 30.0°
Azimuthal view: 50.0°
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Name: Rwy 19
Description:
Threshold height: 50 ft
Direction: 178.0°
Glide slope: 3.0°
Pilot view restricted? Yes
Vertical view: 30.0°
Azimuthal view: 50.0°
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Name: Rwy 30
Description:
Threshold height: 50 ft
Direction: 290.0°
Glide slope: 3.0°
Pilot view restricted? Yes
Vertical view: 30.0°
Azimuthal view: 50.0°
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Summary of Glare
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Receptor Green Glare (min) Yellow Glare (min)
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Assumptions
"Green" glare is glare with low potential to cause an after-image (flash blindness) when observed prior to a typical blink response time.
"Yellow" glare is glare with potential to cause an after-image (flash blindness) when observed prior to a typical blink response time.
Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time. For Daylight Savings, add one hour.
Glare analyses do not account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings, tree cover and
geographic obstructions.
Several calculations utilize the PV array centroid, rather than the actual glare spot location, due to algorithm limitations. This may affect
results for large PV footprints. Additional analyses of array sub-sections can provide additional information on expected glare.
The subtended source angle (glare spot size) is constrained by the PV array footprint size. Partitioning large arrays into smaller sections
will reduce the maximum potential subtended angle, potentially impacting results if actual glare spots are larger than the sub-array size.
Additional analyses of the combined area of adjacent sub-arrays can provide more information on potential glare hazards. (See previous
point on related limitations.)
Glare locations displayed on receptor plots are approximate. Actual glare-spot locations may differ.
Glare vector plots are simplified representations of analysis data. Actual glare emanations and results may differ.
The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics, angle of view, and typical blink
response time. Actual results and glare occurrence may differ.
Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid based on aggregated research data. Actual
ocular impact outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum.
Attachment B
11/30/2019 11
11/30/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Component Data
PV Array(s)
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6210/configs/33810/ 1/6
11/30/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Name: Array 2
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Ground Height above Total
Vertex Latitude Longitude elevation ground elevation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0 deg
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0 deg
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 deg deg deg ft ft ft
Maximum tracking angle: 60.0 deg
1 43.361096 -73.562376 291.01 6.00 297.01
Resting angle: 60.0 deg
2 43.360440 -73.568041 293.40 6.00 299.40
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without 3 43.358880 -73.567526 288.33 6.00 294.33
AR coating 4 43.358880 -73.566625 288.36 6.00 294.36
Vary reflectivity with sun position? 5 43.359036 -73.565251 286.19 6.00 292.19
Yes 6 43.359910 -73.565423 288.47 6.00 294.47
Correlate slope error with surface
7 43.359972 -73.564178 288.97 6.00 294.97
type? Yes
8 43.357851 -73.564135 286.99 6.00 292.99
Slope error: 6.55 mrad
9 43.357632 -73.563191 310.36 6.00 316.36
10 43.358818 -73.562548 311.54 6.00 317.54
11 43.360159 -73.562633 291.86 6.00 297.86
Name: PV array 2
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Ground Height above Total
Vertex Latitude Longitude elevation ground elevation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0 deg
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0 deg
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 deg deg deg ft ft ft
Maximum tracking angle: 60.0 deg
1 43.358506 -73.567182 287.73 6.00 293.73
Resting angle: 60.0 deg
2 43.357382 -73.567140 289.98 6.00 295.98
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without 3 43.353451 -73.565895 277.65 6.00 283.65
AR coating 4 43.353388 -73.565080 275.40 6.00 281.40
Vary reflectivity with sun position? 5 43.354761 -73.565165 279.67 6.00 285.67
Yes 6 43.354824 -73.564393 280.69 6.00 286.69
Correlate slope error with surface
7 43.353888 -73.564307 270.59 6.00 276.59
type? Yes
8 43.353888 -73.563621 266.94 6.00 272.94
Slope error: 6.55 mrad
9 43.356509 -73.564221 276.03 6.00 282.03
10 43.358568 -73.565251 284.42 6.00 290.42
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6210/configs/33810/ 2/6
11/30/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Name: PV array 3
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Ground Height above Total
Vertex Latitude Longitude elevation ground elevation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0 deg
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0 deg
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 deg deg deg ft ft ft
Maximum tracking angle: 60.0 deg
1 43.359945 -73.562052 303.34 6.00 309.34
Resting angle: 60.0 deg
2 43.357355 -73.562953 312.84 6.00 318.84
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without 3 43.355935 -73.563210 295.35 6.00 301.35
AR coating 4 43.354250 -73.563339 283.31 6.00 289.31
Vary reflectivity with sun position? 5 43.354313 -73.562374 285.28 6.00 291.28
Yes 6 43.355873 -73.561880 310.78 6.00 316.78
Correlate slope error with surface
7 43.355920 -73.561515 306.32 6.00 312.32
type? Yes
8 43.356840 -73.561258 315.07 6.00 321.07
Slope error: 6.55 mrad
9 43.356903 -73.560914 312.29 6.00 318.29
10 43.358135 -73.560678 321.57 6.00 327.57
11 43.358244 -73.561129 326.39 6.00 332.39
12 43.358931 -73.560936 324.64 6.00 330.64
13 43.358931 -73.560464 325.47 6.00 331.47
14 43.360117 -73.560249 323.10 6.00 329.10
deg deg ft ft ft
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6210/configs/33810/ 3/6
11/30/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
PV Array Results
Array 2
OP: OP 1 0 0
OP: OP 2 0 0
OP: OP 3 0 0
OP: OP 4 0 0
OP: OP 5 0 0
OP: OP 6 0 0
OP: OP 7 0 0
OP: OP 8 0 0
OP: OP 9 0 0
OP: OP 10 0 0
OP: OP 11 0 0
OP: OP 12 0 0
PV array 2
OP: OP 1 0 0
OP: OP 2 0 0
OP: OP 3 0 0
OP: OP 4 0 0
OP: OP 5 0 0
OP: OP 6 0 0
OP: OP 7 0 0
OP: OP 8 0 0
OP: OP 9 0 0
OP: OP 10 0 0
OP: OP 11 0 0
OP: OP 12 0 0
PV array 3
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6210/configs/33810/ 4/6
11/30/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
OP: OP 1 0 0
OP: OP 2 0 0
OP: OP 3 0 0
OP: OP 4 0 0
OP: OP 5 0 0
OP: OP 6 0 0
OP: OP 7 0 0
OP: OP 8 0 0
OP: OP 9 0 0
OP: OP 10 0 0
OP: OP 11 0 0
OP: OP 12 0 0
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6210/configs/33810/ 5/6
11/30/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Assumptions
Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time. For Daylight Savings, add one hour.
Glare analyses do not account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings,
tree cover and geographic obstructions.
Detailed system geometry is not rigorously simulated.
The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics, angle of
view, and typical blink response time. Actual values and results may vary.
Several calculations utilize the PV array centroid, rather than the actual glare spot location, due to algorithm
limitations. This may affect results for large PV footprints. Additional analyses of array sub-sections can provide
additional information on expected glare.
The subtended source angle (glare spot size) is constrained by the PV array footprint size. Partitioning large arrays
into smaller sections will reduce the maximum potential subtended angle, potentially impacting results if actual glare
spots are larger than the sub-array size. Additional analyses of the combined area of adjacent sub-arrays can
provide more information on potential glare hazards. (See previous point on related limitations.)
Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid. Actual ocular impact
outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum.
Glare locations displayed on receptor plots are approximate. Actual glare-spot locations may differ.
Glare vector plots are simplified representations of analysis data. Actual glare emanations and results may differ.
Refer to the Help page for assumptions and limitations not listed here.
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6210/configs/33810/ 6/6
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Technical Memorandum
Executive Summary
Matrix Development, LLC (Matrix) is developing a nominal 6.7 MWdc solar photovoltaic (PV)
project northeast of the intersection of Geer and Underwood Roads in Hudson Falls, NY
referred to as Geer Road EAST. Another project proposed by Matrix located on the opposite
side of Geer Road, which is not the subject of this memorandum, is referred to as Geer Road
WEST.
The Geer Road EAST Project is comprised of two single axis tracking arrays: #3A (2.95 MWdc)
and #3B (3.76 MWdc). Matrix has engaged Barrett Energy Resources Group (BERG) to analyze
potential impacts of glare from the project on aviation receptors at Floyd Bennett Memorial
Airport (GFL) located in Queensbury approximately 2 miles west of the project, and receptors
close to the project such as motorists and residences.
To complete this work, BERG has utilized the Solar Glare Hazard Analysis Tool (SGHAT) which
was developed by the US Department of Energy for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
to protect aviation sensitive receptors from unintended glare from solar projects. For this
project, SGHAT has been used along with the FAA’s Solar Policy and ocular hazard standard to
evaluate glare on aircraft on final approach to four runway ends at GFL. SGHAT has also been
used to assess potential glare impacts on motorist receptors traveling on Geer and Underwood
Roads and on representative residential receptors in the vicinity of the project.
The modeling reports, which are included as Attachment A for the aviation receptors and
Attachment B for the non-aviation receptors, show no potential glare impacts on any of the
receptors analyzed. This is primarily due to the use of the single axis tracking system which
limits the potential for glare on receptors relatively close to the ground including pilots landing
at the airport runway ends. For aviation receptors, the results demonstrate that the project as
designed meets the FAA’s Solar Policy and ocular hazard standard. This Technical
Memorandum describes the project, methodology, and results.
11/30/2019 1
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Project Description
The Geer Road-East Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Project is located on about 40 acres of
undeveloped farmland northeast of the intersection of Geer and Underwood Roads in Hudson
Falls, NY as shown on Figure 1. The project is designed as a single axis tracking array and has a
nameplate capacity of 6.7 MWdc. It is adjacent to another project proposed by Matrix referred
to as Geer Road West.
11/30/2019 2
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
addition to providing a clear method for assessing potential impacts of glare on aviation
receptors, the model also produces a highly credible result for evaluating other glare sensitive
receptors such as motor vehicles and residences.
The FAA’s Solar Policy specifies the glare methodology and ocular hazard standard required for
solar PV projects located at airports. For this analysis, BERG used SGHAT version 3 released in
the spring of 2016 under the brand “GlareGauge.” For consistency with the FAA Policy, the
model is referred to herein as SGHAT.
11/30/2019 3
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
If glare is recorded by the SGHAT model, the predicted intensity of the glare is reported in a
color-coded system at three levels:
The Policy includes an ocular hazard standard which sets forth the intensity of glare using the
color-coded system that is deemed significant and thereby determined to produce a potential
hazard to air navigation. The standard prohibits any glare from impacting the air traffic control
tower (ATCT) (i.e. results with green, yellow or red represent a significant impact), but allows
for a low potential for an after image (green) for pilots on approach to the airport with yellow
and red results representing a significant impact. Table 1 presents the airport sensitive
receptors that must be evaluated for glare using the SGHAT model, the potential results
reported by the model, and whether the result complies with the FAA’s Solar Policy.
Table 1. SGHAT Model Levels of Glare and Compliance with FAA Policy
Airport Sensitive Level of Glare Glare Color Does Result
Receptor Result Comply with FAA
Policy?
1An after-image occurs when you look directly into a bright light, then look away. It typically takes several seconds for your vision to
readjust and return to normal. It is also referred to as a temporary visual disability or flash blindness.
11/30/2019 4
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
The FAA Policy and ocular hazard standard apply to the assessment of aviation receptors and
are not specifically relevant for the evaluation of glare impacts on other receptors. For non-
aviation receptors, the results are simply used to determine if glare is predicted (any color) or
not (no color).
For the Geer Road East Solar Project, BERG used the PV project polygon tool to draw the
footprint of the solar arrays on SGHAT’s interactive Google map. The specific attributes of the
solar arrays were then input into the model. As the project proposes a single axis tracking array,
SGHAT includes relevant fields for those elements including for this project design: tilt angle of
0°, azimuth orientation of 0°, beginning and ending panel rotational angle of 60°, height of 6
feet above ground level (agl), and a panel surface with no anti-reflective coating as a baseline.
Figure 3 is a simple schematic showing how the solar panels track the sun’s position throughout
the day.
11/30/2019 5
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Floyd Bennett Airport does not have an air traffic control tower (ATCT); therefore, the only
receptors requiring analysis are the approach pathways associated with the four runway ends.
To analyze the sensitive receptors, BERG activated the flight path tool and selected the
threshold (or end) of the first runway and selected a second point away from the threshold to
represent a straight-on approach pathway, and the model automatically draws the flightpath
from the threshold out to two miles for analysis. This step was repeated for the other three
approach pathways. The model assumes a 3-degree glide path for each runway approach,
which was confirmed for three of the four approach pathways; however, arrivals to Runway 12
are designed for a 3.85-degree glide slope which was used. Figure 4 shows the location of the
solar project, and the two-mile flight paths (in light purple) analyzed in accordance with FAA
methodology.
For the non-aviation analysis, BERG identified representative motor vehicle receptors
associated with the roadways near the project as well as nearby residential receptors. The
model’s observation point tool was used to select individual points located on the Google map.
Four motorist and eight residential locations were analyzed as shown on Figure 5. For the
motorist receptors, the driver’s height above the roadway was set at 5 feet. For the residential
11/30/2019 6
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
receptors, the viewpoint was set at 5 feet above ground level to represent the view of a person
standing on the property.
For each model run, the glare analysis button was activated, and the model evaluated glare
from various sun angles at 1-minute intervals throughout the year to predict if glare could be
observed by the sensitive receptors.
The single axis tracking system is effective in eliminating potential glare from receptors close to
the ground. This is due first to the design and operational elements where the face of the panel
is always perpendicular to the sun as the sun moves across the sky during the day. The effect is
that the sun’s rays contact the panel and the portion that is reflected returns back toward the
sun and not toward any receptor on the ground. This concept is illustrated in Figure 6.
11/30/2019 7
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
The second project element of the tracking system that mitigates glare is the starting and
stopping angle of the panels, which for this project is set at 60° (compared to 90° if the panel
continued tracking to the horizon). Because the panels do not extract much energy from the
sun when it is low on the horizon, the tracking system does not remain perpendicular to the sun
at the beginning and end of each day. If it did, the sun may contact the panel surface and reflect
back toward the sun at a low angle and close to the ground. Instead, the panel is already angled
such that any reflection from the rising or setting sun is cast upward and away from the ground.
Once the sun rises to a position in the sky where it is perpendicular to the panel “resting” angle,
the tracking commences. At the end of the day, the panel reaches the same angle where it
started the day, stops tracking, and, as the sun continues to set, any reflection off the panel is
cast upward. This concept is also shown in Figure 6.
Conclusions
Barrett Energy Resources Group (BERG) has utilized the SGHAT modeling tool developed by
the US Department of Energy to assess the potential effects of glare from a solar photovoltaic
(PV) project on both aviation and non-aviation receptors near Matrix Development’s proposed
solar project at Geer and Underwood Roads in Hudson Falls, NY. There are two solar projects
adjacent to each other and the project addressed in this study is referred to as Geer Road East.
The modeling reports, which are included as Attachment A for the aviation analysis and
Attachment B for the non-aviation analysis, show that the project has no potential to produce
11/30/2019 8
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
glare on aviation and non-aviation receptors. Impacts are fundamentally mitigated by the
single axis tracking system design which directs any reflections back skyward. For aviation
receptors, the results demonstrated that the project as designed meets the FAA’s Solar Policy
and ocular hazard standard.
11/30/2019 9
Barrett Energy Resources Group
PO Box 1004 | Concord, MA 01742 | 339-234-2696
www.barrettenergygroup.com
Attachment A
11/30/2019 10
FORGESOLAR GLARE ANALYSIS
• No "yellow" glare (potential for after-image) for any flight path from threshold to 2 miles
• No glare of any kind for Air Traffic Control Tower(s) ("ATCT") at cab height.
• Default analysis and observer characteristics (see list below)
ForgeSolar does not represent or speak officially for the FAA and cannot approve or deny projects. Results are informational only.
Analysis parameters PASS Analysis time interval and eye characteristics used are acceptable
Flight path(s) PASS Flight path receptor(s) do not receive yellow glare
ATCT(s) N/A No ATCT receptors designated
Default glare analysis parameters and observer eye characteristics (for reference only):
Analysis Parameters
PV Array(s)
Name: Array 3A
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0°
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0°
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0°
Max tracking angle: 60.0°
Resting angle: 60.0°
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without AR coating
Reflectivity: Vary with sun
Slope error: correlate with material
Vertex Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Vertex Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Name: Rwy 1
Description:
Threshold height: 50 ft
Direction: 358.0°
Glide slope: 3.0°
Pilot view restricted? Yes
Vertical view: 30.0°
Azimuthal view: 50.0°
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Name: Rwy 19
Description:
Threshold height: 50 ft
Direction: 178.0°
Glide slope: 3.0°
Pilot view restricted? Yes
Vertical view: 30.0°
Azimuthal view: 50.0°
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Name: Rwy 30
Description:
Threshold height: 50 ft
Direction: 290.0°
Glide slope: 3.0°
Pilot view restricted? Yes
Vertical view: 30.0°
Azimuthal view: 50.0°
Point Latitude (°) Longitude (°) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
Summary of Glare
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Rwy 1 0 0
Rwy 12 0 0
Rwy 19 0 0
Rwy 30 0 0
Assumptions
"Green" glare is glare with low potential to cause an after-image (flash blindness) when observed prior to a typical blink response time.
"Yellow" glare is glare with potential to cause an after-image (flash blindness) when observed prior to a typical blink response time.
Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time. For Daylight Savings, add one hour.
Glare analyses do not account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings, tree cover and
geographic obstructions.
Several calculations utilize the PV array centroid, rather than the actual glare spot location, due to algorithm limitations. This may affect
results for large PV footprints. Additional analyses of array sub-sections can provide additional information on expected glare.
The subtended source angle (glare spot size) is constrained by the PV array footprint size. Partitioning large arrays into smaller sections
will reduce the maximum potential subtended angle, potentially impacting results if actual glare spots are larger than the sub-array size.
Additional analyses of the combined area of adjacent sub-arrays can provide more information on potential glare hazards. (See previous
point on related limitations.)
Glare locations displayed on receptor plots are approximate. Actual glare-spot locations may differ.
Glare vector plots are simplified representations of analysis data. Actual glare emanations and results may differ.
The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics, angle of view, and typical blink
response time. Actual results and glare occurrence may differ.
Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid based on aggregated research data. Actual
ocular impact outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum.
Attachment B
11/30/2019 11
11/29/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Component Data
PV Array(s)
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6209/configs/33800/ 1/5
11/29/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Name: Array 3A
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Ground Height above Total
Vertex Latitude Longitude elevation ground elevation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0 deg
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0 deg
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 deg deg deg ft ft ft
Maximum tracking angle: 60.0 deg
1 43.361529 -73.557705 284.04 6.00 290.04
Resting angle: 60.0 deg
2 43.360032 -73.557684 282.46 6.00 288.46
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without 3 43.359985 -73.558027 289.27 6.00 295.27
AR coating 4 43.358877 -73.557963 280.06 6.00 286.06
Vary reflectivity with sun position? 5 43.358909 -73.557018 278.67 6.00 284.67
Yes 6 43.359158 -73.557061 278.06 6.00 284.06
Correlate slope error with surface
7 43.359189 -73.556546 276.59 6.00 282.59
type? Yes
8 43.359969 -73.556632 277.34 6.00 283.35
Slope error: 6.55 mrad
9 43.360001 -73.556182 275.62 6.00 281.62
10 43.360313 -73.556182 276.97 6.00 282.97
11 43.360344 -73.555431 274.18 6.00 280.18
12 43.360593 -73.555152 273.67 6.00 279.67
13 43.361295 -73.555259 272.79 6.00 278.79
14 43.361280 -73.555602 273.43 6.00 279.43
15 43.361670 -73.555624 274.47 6.00 280.47
Name: Array 3B
Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Ground Height above Total
Vertex Latitude Longitude elevation ground elevation
Tracking axis orientation: 180.0 deg
Tracking axis tilt: 0.0 deg
Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 deg deg deg ft ft ft
Maximum tracking angle: 60.0 deg
1 43.357164 -73.560187 299.66 6.00 305.66
Resting angle: 60.0 deg
2 43.354028 -73.561539 280.52 6.00 286.52
Rated power: -
Panel material: Smooth glass without 3 43.353498 -73.561539 279.38 6.00 285.38
AR coating 4 43.353482 -73.560208 277.72 6.00 283.72
Vary reflectivity with sun position? 5 43.354060 -73.559522 276.74 6.00 282.74
Yes 6 43.354824 -73.559522 280.36 6.00 286.36
Correlate slope error with surface
7 43.355136 -73.559672 281.80 6.00 287.80
type? Yes
8 43.355401 -73.559243 281.64 6.00 287.64
Slope error: 6.55 mrad
9 43.355713 -73.559264 282.50 6.00 288.50
10 43.355963 -73.558556 279.50 6.00 285.50
11 43.355885 -73.558191 277.47 6.00 283.47
12 43.356291 -73.557912 279.38 6.00 285.38
13 43.357305 -73.557912 279.16 6.00 285.16
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6209/configs/33800/ 2/5
11/29/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
deg deg ft ft ft
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6209/configs/33800/ 3/5
11/29/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
PV Array Results
Array 3A
OP: OP 1 0 0
OP: OP 2 0 0
OP: OP 3 0 0
OP: OP 4 0 0
OP: OP 5 0 0
OP: OP 6 0 0
OP: OP 7 0 0
OP: OP 8 0 0
OP: OP 9 0 0
OP: OP 10 0 0
OP: OP 11 0 0
OP: OP 12 0 0
Array 3B
OP: OP 1 0 0
OP: OP 2 0 0
OP: OP 3 0 0
OP: OP 4 0 0
OP: OP 5 0 0
OP: OP 6 0 0
OP: OP 7 0 0
OP: OP 8 0 0
OP: OP 9 0 0
OP: OP 10 0 0
OP: OP 11 0 0
OP: OP 12 0 0
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6209/configs/33800/ 4/5
11/29/2019 Preferred Design Site Config | ForgeSolar
Assumptions
Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time. For Daylight Savings, add one hour.
Glare analyses do not account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings,
tree cover and geographic obstructions.
Detailed system geometry is not rigorously simulated.
The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics, angle of
view, and typical blink response time. Actual values and results may vary.
Several calculations utilize the PV array centroid, rather than the actual glare spot location, due to algorithm
limitations. This may affect results for large PV footprints. Additional analyses of array sub-sections can provide
additional information on expected glare.
The subtended source angle (glare spot size) is constrained by the PV array footprint size. Partitioning large arrays
into smaller sections will reduce the maximum potential subtended angle, potentially impacting results if actual glare
spots are larger than the sub-array size. Additional analyses of the combined area of adjacent sub-arrays can
provide more information on potential glare hazards. (See previous point on related limitations.)
Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid. Actual ocular impact
outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum.
Glare locations displayed on receptor plots are approximate. Actual glare-spot locations may differ.
Glare vector plots are simplified representations of analysis data. Actual glare emanations and results may differ.
Refer to the Help page for assumptions and limitations not listed here.
https://www.forgesolar.com/projects/6209/configs/33800/ 5/5
SITE PLAN APPROVAL DOCUMENTS
GEER ROAD SOLAR
TOWN OF KINGSBURY
WASHINGTON COUNTY, NEW YORK
DRAWING LIST
DRAWING NO. DRAWING TITLE
CS001 TITLE SHEET
VB101 SUBDIVISION PLAN
CD101 EXISTING CONDITIONS & SITE REMOVAL PLAN
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CS101 SITE PLAN
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(2) IMPERVIOUS COVERAGE IS FOR THE INVERTER PADS, ANY EXISTING STRUCTURES TO REMAIN, AND EXISTING
ROADWAYS.
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92 1/2
60°
84 3/4
(20 1/2)
14 1/2
(MIN)
19 3/4
28 1/2
FRONT EDGE
FRONT VIEW CLEARANCE
DRAWN BY CHECKED BY
DESIGN CRITERIA: TCorson - 9/18/2019 -
WIND SPEED -
SNOW LOAD - ENG. APPROVED BY PROJ. ENG. APPROVED BY
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TILT ANGLE - ~
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MODULE ORIENTATION - PORTRAIT XX - 9/18/2019 PROJECT D
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