A Proposed Tabunok Public Market With An Intra-City Terminal PDF
A Proposed Tabunok Public Market With An Intra-City Terminal PDF
A Proposed Tabunok Public Market With An Intra-City Terminal PDF
AN INTRA-CITY TERMINAL
A Thesis
Presented to the
Department of Architecture
CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – UNIVERSITY
N. Bacalso St., Cebu City, Philippines
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Architecture
By
March 2017
APPROVAL SHEET
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
ii
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to propose a new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-
City Terminal to be located in Tabunok, Talisay City, Cebu as to address the
existing problems and concerns of the current public market and terminal.
A Public Market is a place that serves as a ground for trading of goods and
products, livestock and services. It offers low-risk business opportunities provided
that it encourages development and feeds money back into the city’s economy.
iii
The study used the descriptive research method. It involves interpreting,
recording, analyzing, observing and describing existing conditions of the research
environments whether they met the standards, resolutions and ordinances for a
Public Market and terminal set by Talisay City LGU, TPM Administrator and other
involved instigating agency. Stratified random sampling and probability sampling
was used in the study. There were four sets of respondents identified and these
were the business owners, vendors, patrons and public transportation vehicle
drivers.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers are grateful with all humility to the following people that
greatly contributed in the creation of this book and that they truly deserve to be
given the recognitions.
To Talisay City Mayor Eduardo Gullas for sharing his insights during the
interview that is significant in the development of the study and his staff Ms.
Rodelyn Navarro and Ms. Teofila Echavez for the patience on following up a
schedule for the interview.
To Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw for sharing us his insights during the interview,
to Ms.Lisette Nuñez and Talisay City Engineer’s Office’s staff.
To Mr. Winefredo Bas, the TPM Administrator and his staff for being very
hospitable and supportive for our study. For which they also provided relevant data
and information about the existing Tabunok Public Market
To Ms. Mary Jane Enrile, the Business Permits and Licensing Department
Head for entertaining and providing us relevant data and information.
To Jerod Ravago and Nathalie Jagna for giving the researchers advises,
recommendations and insights on how to start and finish a study.
To the market vendors and drivers for the cooperation in answering the
questionnaire-interviews.
To our friends, the GOODBOYS, for having those stressful overnights and
happy moments.
v
To Jasmin Toñacao and Alyanna Kate Buenavista for the support and
encouragement. Also, for helping the researchers on the tally and distribution of
questionnaires for different areas and sections of TPM and terminal.
To our dearest adviser, Architect Emeline Joy Lim-Ganzon who became our
mentor for sharing her expertise on technicalities, vast knowledge, patience and
allocating her time during consultation periods.
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement v
Introduction 1
Rationale 2
Definition of Terms 6
Methodology 11
Environment 11
Research Procedures 13
vii
Oral Investigation 13
Instruments 13
Archival Investigations 14
Subject / Respondents 14
Data Gathering 15
Treatment of Data 15
Client 15
Table of Parameters 17
Site Conditions 20
Climate 25
Soil 25
Water 28
Communication 28
Power 28
Drainage 29
Transportation 30
Road 32
viii
Market Definition 34
Legitimate Vendors 35
Results of Interviews 41
Questionnaires 42
SWOT Analysis 47
Analysis 48
Summary 49
Findings 50
Conclusions 50
Recommendations 51
Architectural Programming 53
Schematics 54
Bubble Diagram 57
ix
Space Matrices 58
Phasing Program 60
Grace Period 61
Return of Investment 62
Management 63
Architectural Solution 65
Site Analysis 66
Concept 67
x
Stair Blow-up 82
Elevation 82
Aerial Perspectives 87
Architectural Perspectives 89
Interior Perspectives 92
Stalls 95
Bibliography 96
Appendices 98
xi
Appendix E: PD 1096 – The National Building Code of the Philippines 109
Glossary 143
xii
List of Tables
Table 1 Table of Parameters 17
xiii
List of Figures
Chapter 1
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
xiv
Figure 4.16 Area C – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors 38
Chapter 6
xv
Figure 6.6 Space Matrix for Public Market 57
xvi
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
A Public Market, a place that serves as a ground for trading of goods and
products, livestock, services and others. It can be observed that both Filipino
consumers and producers have roles to play in the marketing of merchandise and
items, known locally as “hangyo” in Visayan dialect or “tawaran” in Filipino
language. It makes the public market popular because of this transaction scheme,
where people negotiate the prices of goods at a lower price.
2
Conceptual Background of the Study
3
Statement of the Problem
For the lack of proper planning, the researchers view the existing conditions
as the problem with all the bustling activities of the public market and terminal of
Barangay Tabunok.
The presence of these problems may pose a threat to the sustainability of the
Tabunok Public Market and working with the main problem, the proponents aim to
answer the following questions:
1. How many stall and store owners does the current public market have?
a. Legitimate; and
b. Illegal and ambulant vendors
2. How much of goods are delivered in the market every day?
3. What type of commuters does the current terminal accommodate?
4. What is the ratio of parking to franchised vehicles using the terminal:
a. Jeepneys
b. Tricycles
c. Taxi cabs
d. Motorcycles – habal-habal; and
5. What is the best architectural treatment possible in meeting the
requirements of a standard market and terminal for the locality?
The study is significant to the following entities, private and public, considered also
as stakeholders:
Economy. This supports the regeneration of urban and rural linkages. It also
stimulates communities by increasing employment.
Local Livelihood. The study will benefit the local livelihood of Talisay City and
Barangay Tabunok provided that different aspects which customers
4
consume such as agriculture, marine, livestock and general merchandise
are remunerated.
Architectural. The study will empower and restore the mindset of architecture that
architectural schemes and solutions can elevate the appalling situations
and conditions of Tabunok Public Market
Local Government of Talisay City and Barangay Tabunok. The Tabunok Public
Market with an Intra-City Terminal will serve as the legacy of the
Talisaynons for the future generations creating a pride and an image of the
locality.
Entrepreneurs. The public market will attract more customers resulting to more
income for the store or stall.
Researchers. The study will give the researchers adept knowledge about public
markets and terminal planning and design that can be used as a future
reference.
The proposed study aims to focus on markets and terminals and is limited
to Tabunok Public Market with an adjacent intra-city terminal and its conditions that
are viewed to be as a threat to the urbanization of Talisay City. Other commercial
establishments that engage in trading and commerce are not covered in this study.
5
architectural programming, architectural design solution with provision for basic
utilities such as electrical and plumbing.
Definition of Terms
The terms hereunder are used as defined by Merriam Webster and by the
researchers in their role as planners.
Public Market. Is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and
sale of provisions, livestock and other goods.
(www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary)
Public Transport Terminal. A facility that regulates all modes of public transport
going to diverse parts of the city to realize order in the service of transportation.
6
CHAPTER 2
Reviews of Related Literature
The Senate Bill 1319 “An Act Instituting a Public Market Code of the
Philippines” of the Fifteenth Congress of the Philippines introduced by former
Senator Manuel Villar Jr. (Sec. 2) To complement and supplement the provisions
of the Local Government Code, RA 7160, in relation to the establishment,
regulation and maintenance of the public markets, it is the purpose to make public
markets responsive and effective instrument of public service as well as dynamic
and viable enterprises to strengthen the financial capabilities of cities,
municipalities, and where feasible, barangays. Thus significantly contributing to
national and local development, and towards this end, to develop, regulate, and
standardize market systems and professionalize market services.
The article shares the same condition of the site where congestion and
sanitation are the primary concerns. This provides information on the existing
8
project, improving the strategies and approaches supporting the study of the
Tabunok Public Market in the City of Talisay.
The study becomes increasingly difficult to ignore the issues relative to the
PWD while using the facilities of the public transport terminal with ease in dealing
daily living in using public transport.
“Bus Karo 2.0” – Case studies from India by Priyanka Vasudevan state
that planning and designing terminals must consider two perspectives: the
operator’s and the users. A high level of service entails a safe and permeable
environment outside the terminal and convenient movement within. There are five
considerations when designing a good terminal, (see Table 1): terminal capacity,
passenger level of service, accessibility, commuter safety, and passenger
amenities.
The “Images of the City” by Kevin Lynch (1960) stated moving elements
in a city, and in particular the people and their activities, are as important as the
stationary physical parts. People are not simply observers of this vision, but the
researchers themselves are a part of it, on stage with the other participants. Most
9
often, the perception of the city is not sustained but rather partial, fragmentary,
mixed with other concerns, nearly every sense is in operation and the image is the
composite of them all.
The choices and behavior of the people vary from place to place and time
to time, setting the researchers’ understanding to have a concrete basis for the
best solution in planning the proposed structure. It is to make the place and spaces
to be more responsive, functional and efficient. With the means of Bentley’s
principle and concept, the researchers can design a smooth, uniform and
organized condition of the proposed building or structure.
10
CHAPTER 3
Research Methodology
Methodology
Environment
The research environment of the study is the Tabunok Public Market with
an adjacent terminal located in a highly dense commercial district of the city. The
Tabunok Public Market is in the City of Talisay, Cebu. The market is bounded by
the National Highway which is the N. Bacalso Avenue on the southeast facing an
overpass, Tabunok – Toledo road or the R. Rabaya St. on the northeast of the lot.
Shown is the location map of the existing Tabunok Public Market and the point of
interest as a site for the study.
Figure 3.1 Locational Map of the Existing TPM
Image Source: Google Maps
12
Research Procedures
3.1.1 Instruments
13
Mechanical devices, such as photo/video cameras, audio recorder, and
the computer were used to back up and validate the gathered data.
Seeking out and extracting data and information from original archival
records was conducted by the researchers. It is an accumulation of historical
records on the physical place. Wherein, archives contain primary source
documents that have accumulated over a period of time and are kept to show
function of that person, organization or location.
Subject / Respondents
The subject of the study is the Tabunok Public Market and the adjacent
transport terminal, wherein entrepreneurs or the business owners, vendors,
patrons of Tabunok Public Market and public transportation vehicle drivers are the
respondents. Stratified random sampling is to be used in which the researchers
divided the population into separate groups then a probability sampling is
conducted on each group.
14
Data Gathering
The tools that the researchers used in gathering reliable and valid primary
data were field records, interviews, surveys, questionnaires, and observations;
mechanical tools such as computers, photo/video cameras, audio recorders for
interviews.
Treatment of Data
Client
The principal client is the City Government of Talisay (LGU). The outcome
of the study would benefit not only the Local Government Unit of the city but also
the general public and business owners to ensure the efficiency of services.
The study is divided into three segments: Input, Process, and Output. These
segments are then classified in which certain elements are met to arrive at a best
possible solution. The input would include the observed current existing site
conditions, theoretical impacts considered in the study, data compilation of the
data gathered, and programming on how to evaluate and analyze given data. Then
the process would include evaluation of data reviews on literature, interpretation
and the presentation of the data. The output would be the proposed project.
15
• Stall and Store owners
• Drivers
• Goods
• Commuters
INPUT • Parking
• Interviews
• Questionnaires
• Observations
• Archival Investigation
PROCESS • SWOT Analysis
16
Table of Parameters
Area Description
Physical
Meteorology Document Search DOST GIS
Factors
Document Search / CLUP – Talisay City /
Road Map
Observation Researchers
Water Map /
Document Search CLUP – Talisay City
Hydrographic Survey
17
Utilities
Interview /
Business Owners SITE
Questionnaires
Interview /
Market Vendors SITE
Questionnaires
Interview /
Drivers SITE
Questionnaires
Talisay City located in the Province of Cebu is an option for residential and
commercial ventures. It is bounded by two cities and a municipality namely: Cebu
City by the northeast, Toledo City by the
north, and the Municipality of Minglanilla
at the southwest. Access to the city is
through three different roads from
different points of entry of the city: The N.
Bacalso Ave., from Barangay Bulacao to
Barangay Linao; the R. Rabaya St. or the
Tabunok-Toledo Wharf Road, from
Barangay Camp IV to Barangay San
Roque; the South Road Properties,
extending from Barangay San Roque to
Barangay Lawaan I. Talisay City has
4,370 hectares of land and is composed
Figure 4.1 The Study Area – Talisay City, Cebu
of twenty-two (22) barangays. Image Source: Google
Site Conditions
22
Technical Description
LOT 3284
POINTS BEARING DISTANCE
1 2 N 45° 11’ 00” E 63.47 m
2 3 S 59° 39’ 00” E 61.71 m
3 4 S 42° 20’ 00” W 77.64 m
4 1 N 46° 22’ 00” W 63.54 m
LOT 3285
POINTS BEARING DISTANCE
1 2 N 45° 46’ 00” E 58.99 m
2 3 S 39° 30’ 00” E 03.69 m
3 4 S 46° 22’ 00” E 63.54 m
4 5 S 43° 16’ 00” W 59.76 m
5 6 S 62° 57’ 00” W 02.62 m
6 1 N 43° 17’ 00” W 69.02 m
LOT 3287
POINTS BEARING DISTANCE
1 2 S 59° 23’ 00” E 56.49 m
2 3 S 47° 11’ 00” W 63.47 m
3 4 N 39° 30’ 00” W 03.69 m
4 5 N 47° 24’ 00” W 34.90 m
5 6 N 39° 24’ 00” E 14.20 m
6 7 N 11° 53’ 00” E 23.97 m
7 1 N 39° 45’ 00” E 16.40 m
LOT 3288
POINTS BEARING DISTANCE
1 2 N 46° 51’ 00” E 50.17 m
2 3 N 40° 30’ 00” E 26.24 m
3 4 S 47° 24’ 00” E 34.90 m
4 5 S 45° 46’ 00” W 58.99 m
5 6 N 44° 36’ 00” W 11.91 m
6 7 S 53° 47’ 00” W 21.96 m
7 1 N 38° 22’ 00” W 18.61 m
23
Figure 4.5 Sketch Plan of the Site
Source: City Engineer’s Office – Talisay City
24
Climate
Mean Annual Rainfall for Barangay Tabunok and majority of the barangays
falls under the first category in which MAR in mm ranges from 1401-1600 mm
excluding Barangays Camp 4, Camp 6, Jaclupan and Tapul.
Soil
Talisay City has four (4) types of soil, namely: Faraon Clay, Faraon Clay
Steep Phase, Baguio Clay Loam and Mandaue Clay Loam. The Mandaue Clay
Loam covers thirty-six percent (36%) of Talisay City in which Barangay Tabunok
is also covered. Mandaue Clay Loam ranges in depth from 20-30 cm; is brown to
light brown and ranges in textures from silt loam to silt clay loam. The subsoil
whose depth ranges from 50-60 cm; is brown to dark brown. It is mostly cultivated
to low land rice. Soil erosion of this type is not a problem. Eroded materials from
upper areas are deposited on this type of soil. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
25
Figure 4.6 Mean Annual Rainfall – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City CLUP – City Planning and Development Coordinator
26
Figure 4.7 Slope Map – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City CLUP – City Planning and Development Coordinator
27
Water
Metro Cebu Water District (MCWD) sources its water from the Mananga
River and distributes it to Talisay City, Cebu City, Mandaue City, Lapu-Lapu City
and other adjacent municipalities are also served by the MCWD.
For the existing Tabunok Public Market, water is a major problem. Water is
excluded from rental fees. Lack of water for the market introduces the place to
become unsanitary. Business owners and vendors often provide their own water
sold outside the market and from other stores providing water services.
Communication
Communication lines in Talisay City comes mainly from Globe Telecom and
Philippine Long Distance Telephone (PLDT) which supports landline telephones.
Wireless telecommunications also support Talisay City such as DIGITEL Mobile
Philippines, SMART Communication, GLOBE Telecomm, ABS-CBN Convergence
also provide prepaid and postpaid services for communications. These companies
also provide internet access along with promotional landline telephone packages
which help the Talisaynons connect through social media.
Other means of communication is through mass media. There are daily and
regional newspapers supplied daily which keeps Talisay City’s citizens informed.
The television, radio and cable which links homes to worldwide events, news and
information.
Power
28
Talisay City, Cebu City, Mandaue City, and the Municipality of Minglanilla. VECO
sources out its power supply from National Power Corporation’s power plant in
Lagtang, Naga (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
The existing Tabunok Public Market has three (3) different schedules for
garbage collection. The table shows garbage truck schedules observed daily.
Time Schedule
5:30 AM – 11:00 AM
11:00 AM – 3:00 PM
3:00 PM – 9:00 PM
Drainage
Drainage for the existing Tabunok Public Market extends from the site to
the nearby Mananga River. The drainage system construction for Tabunok Public
Market started in the year 2014 and finished mid-2015.
Mananga River together with Bulacao River, serves as the natural central
drainage channels for Talisay City which cuts the city to allow an efficient drainage
system. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
Shown in the table below are the routes, travel time and fare from the
Tabunok Public Market and vice versa to different destinations of tricycles
operating within the city. Tricycle parking on the terminal is of first come first trip
basis.
Route (vice-versa) Average Travel Time (mins.) Trip Fare
Bulacao to TPM 5 mins P 8.00
Lawaan I to TPM 6 mins P 8.00
Lawaan II to TPM 7 mins P 8.00
Bliss (Lawaan III) to TPM 7 mins P 8.00
Talisay (Poblacion) to TPM 12 mins P 8.00
Mohon to TPM 7 mins P 8.00
Biasong to TPM 15 mins P 8.00
Pooc to TPM 13 mins P 8.00
Tangke – Kimba to TPM 10 mins P 8.00
Dawis to TPM 5 mins P 8.00
Lagtang to TPM 4 mins P 8.00
The table shows tricycle routes, average travel time from destination A to
destination B and trip fare that the terminal is offering.
30
Figure 4.9 Existing Tricycle Terminal adjacent to the TPM
Taxi cabs are a common mode of transport in the Philippines and globally.
This mode of transport is similarly described as that of the habal-habal but these
are legal and franchised by different operators.
Public Utility Jeepneys (PUJs) are common mode of transport which travels
along N. Bacalso Avenue. Jeepney routes passing through the said avenue are
numbered accordingly, the succeeding table and figure is the list of jeepneys that
uses the terminal adjacent to the public market and its parking area.
31
Number Code Route
41 41B – 41F Tabunok - Taboan
Uncoded PUJs
Camp 4 – Tabunok
Note: Registered public Jaclupan – Tabunok
transport vehicles Toledo – Tabunok
Naga – Tabunok
Table 5 Public Utility Jeepney Routes
Road
32
Figure 4.11 Road Network Map – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City – CLUP 2001 - 2010
33
Market Definition
Satellite market or Talipapa is a type of market with less than 150 stalls that
caters to a limited number of customers.
Supermarket is a market district from a wet or dry market and larger than a
grocery in which shoppers serve themselves by using the baskets or pushcarts in
selecting commodities from shelves or cold display storage and pay their
purchase at the exit.
Wet market is a market where most of the commodities for sale are readily
perishable foods.
Dry market is a market where most of the merchandise displayed for sale are
dry goods.
Therefore, as defined, Tabunok Market is a public market with wet and dry
sections. It sells different types of goods and merchandise in different volumes.
The market also serves as a one-stop shop for different types of consumers.
34
Public Market Stall and Store Owners
A market stall refers to any allotted space or booth in the public market
where merchandise of any kind is sold or offered for sale. A regular fee is collected
on a defined periodic basis. Store owners or stallholders are those who have been
granted the right to use one or more stalls where goods, commodities or foodstuffs
are displayed and sold. Stallholders pay rentals thereon. (Senate Bill No. 1319, an
Act Instituting a National Market Code of the Philippines)
FRESH FISH
Figure 4.12 Current Market Vendors Ratio – TPM (as of May 2016)
Source: Tabunok Public Market Personnel’s Office
Shown above is the graph for current market vendors in which sample size
came from. Tabunok Public Market has ten (10) sections that are zoned inside.
The highest number of legitimate vendors are the transient or night vendors. While
the general merchandise area located in the building 2 (see Figure 4.3) has the
lowest percentage of legitimate vendors.
35
Illegal and Ambulant Vendors
55
48
46
45
50
43
43
40
45
40
31
35
29
26
26
25
30
24
23
23
21
20
25
19
19
20
13
13 1312
12
12
11
11
15 8 10 8
8
6
7
10 5
6
6
44 4 4 4
5
5
4
3
3
5 0 0 0 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
OBSERVATION SCHEDULE
65
60
NO. OF AMBULANT VENDORS
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
19
17
16
16
16
16
15
20
14
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
9 11 1111
10
15 9 10 8 10 1010
9
9
76
8
8
8
8
64
7
10
6
6
5
3 3
5 0 0 0 0 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
OBSERVATION SCHEDULE
Figure 4.15 shows that in area B, 6:00 PM to 7:00 AM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of R. Rabaya St. across the
public market. The researchers observed that on different days, the same vendors
are occupying on the same spot wherein they are out of control by the public
market administrators.
37
AMBULANT VENDORS AREA C
August 6, 2016 August 7, 2016 August 15, 2016 October 31, 2016
November 1, 2016 November 2, 2016 December 23, 2016 December 24, 2016
65
60
NO. OF AMBULANT VENDORS
55
50
45
36
36
40
35 30
27
30 24
22
21
21
21
21
20
20
25
19
18
18
18
18
17
16
15
20
14
13
13
12
12
10
15 10
9
8
8
8
10 6 45
6
6
6
5
5
5 210
3
2
2
5 0 0 000 00 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
OBSERVATION SCHEDULE
Figure 4.16 shows that in area C, 7:00 PM to 8:00 PM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of N. Bacalso Ave and R.
Rabaya St. which is adjacent to the Tabunok overpass. The researchers observed
that ambulant vendors mobilize in this area in order to have better sales opportunity
due to high number of people passing-by.
65
60
NO. OF AMBULANT VENDORS
55
50
45
40
35
30 23
21
21
25
19
19
18
18
18
18
18
17
17
16
16
16
15
20
13
13
1312 13
12
12
12 11
10
10
10
15 10 8 8
9
8
10 35
6
24
5
5
5
5
5
5
230
4
4
3
5 0 0 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
OBSERVATION SCHEDULE
38
Figure 4.17 shows that in area D, 7:00 PM to 8:00 PM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of N. Bacalso Ave and R.
Rabaya St. which is adjacent to the Tabunok overpass. The researchers observed
that area D was occupied earlier in the afternoon by ambulant vendors in
comparison to area C.
Terminals are points of interchange within the same modal system and
ensures continuity of the flow of traffic. This is particularly the case for modern air
and port operations with hubs connecting parts of the network. Terminals,
however, are also very important points of transfer between modes.
Commuting has allowed cities to grow in leaps and bounds previously not
practical, and has reached the suburbs. It has had a large impact on modern life.
Large cities are surrounded by metropolitan areas, and bedroom communities.
People live a lifestyle where daily travel is a regular task to get to work, school and
to do other responsibilities. Commuters using the transport terminal were
identified, to which:
39
Entrepreneurs. This type of commuters are business owners may it be of
store or stalls who also uses the adjacent terminal.
Students. Students are one type of commuter using the terminal, may it be
elementary, high school or college students.
Vendors. This type of commuters often uses the terminal especially when
the stall or stores are on the adjacent public market. Most of these vendors do not
have their own vehicle for the commodities.
For public transport, taxi cabs and habal-habal motorcycles have their own
designated area for passenger loading and unloading nearby the terminal while
jeepneys are limited in number and takes a carousel system for taking over the
next trip or batch of passengers. The tricycles use the same system and is on a
first come, first trip basis.
40
Figure 4.18 Public Transport Vehicle Parking Ratio
1930 HR 156 8 76 4
1630 HR 141 5 64 3
1130 HR 91 2 21 3
0930 HR 104 3 23 3
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
0930 HR 1130 HR 1630 HR 1930 HR
Tricycle 104 91 141 156
Jeepney 3 2 5 8
Habal-habal 23 21 64 76
Taxi 3 3 3 4
Figure 4.18 indicates the number of public transport vehicles during the
established peak hours in the transport terminal. The tricycle is the most used
mode of transport, while the jeepneys has the lowest number in terms of usage on
the transport terminal.
Results of Interviews
In an interview dated June 29, 2016 with the incoming Talisay City Mayor,
the researchers asked about all the existing problems and conditions about Talisay
City that need to be addressed from a personal point of view as basis and an idea
on what topics or studies may be conducted.
In an interview, with the use of an interview guide, with the Talisay City
Engineer on August 24, 2016 the specifics on the Tabunok Public Market facilities,
utilities, existing problems, and the LGU’s plans for the project phase programming
was outlined.
41
There are not only assigned garbage trucks for the market alone but there
are also garbage trucks that pass by the market which also collect market waste.
Questionnaires
Instead of written answers, verbal answers were given by the vendors to the
researchers due to busy entertaining and active engagement with customers.
Figure 4.19 shows that rent is paid daily through a ticketing system.
42
Figure 4.20 shows rates of rental fees for market vendors, stall and store
owners where rent of stalls/stores are below the Php500.00 range
No 0
Yes 414
No 0
Yes 414
Figures 4.21 and 4.22 indicate that power and water supply is excluded from
rental fees. The current public market does not have its own electrical and
plumbing utilities that would cater the needs of the vendors, thus, making the
vendors seek for private entrepreneurs that render the services needed.
No 14
Yes 400
Figure 4.23 shows the equitable ratio of space-rent thus rendering the
vendors satisfied.
43
Figure 4.24 Space Appropriation on Goods Sold
No 73
Yes 341
9 above 249
3-6 times 40
0-3 times 18
Figure 4.25 shows that more than half of respondents restock commodities
more than nine (9) times a month due to high sales for most of the sections.
100% 48
75% 129
50% 78
25% 155
Figure 4.26 shows that in relation to Figure 4.25, most of the vendors
achieve a 25% sales in the meat, general merchandise and dry goods sections
output, while dried and fresh fish, and fruits and vegetables sections achieve a
44
100% and 75% sales. Therefore, showing the most visited section is fresh fish
section.
No 350
Yes 64
Figure 4.27 shows the number of respondents who uses a vehicle to carry
and deliver goods. This data determines the appropriation of parking slots for
tenants and patrons.
Tricycle 55
Jeepney 12
Habal-habal 38
Taxi 155
Figure 4.28 shows that the most common mode of transport is the tricycle,
in which they occupy most of the space in the transport terminal. Whereas, other
45
modes of transport have their own designated areas adjacent to the terminal to
pick up and drop passengers. (See Figure 4.10)
No 135
Yes 198
Figure 4.29 shows that numerous drivers are using the terminal but still,
there are modes of transport that are unable to use the terminal as a result of space
shortage. The feedback and numerical data will be of use by the researchers in
order to address the concern with regards to terminal usage for all modes of
transport.
No 249
Yes 84
Drivers
Figure 4.30 shows that most of the drivers do not pay a toll fee for terminal
entry, for the main reason that the public transport vehicle drivers, themselves, do
not use the transport terminal. Researchers observed that there is no close
monitoring on the entry and exit for the transport vehicles, resulting to the non-
payment of toll fee by the drivers. Therefore, the toll fee system was abolished.
46
SWOT Analysis
External and attractive elements are opportunities used to its full advantage.
Opportunities that are part of what the researchers excerpt from all data and
information. May it be with different administrations, the proper communication and
connection with the internal organization addressed the market’s weaknesses and
threats. The researchers considered conducting the study early so as not to put
pressure on different LGU’s when requesting for a certain data needed. With the
full support of the city mayor and LGUs, this was the researchers’ core strength
which extends the competitive advantage in conducting the study.
47
Analysis
The existing Tabunok Public Market serves as the main market of Talisay
City; thus the volume of vendors tends to increase. With the terminal adjacent to
it, public transport vehicles also tend to rise creating congestion on the established
terminal.
The Tabunok Public Market identified as the main market of Talisay City,
lacks proper planning, unsanitary, dingy and is structurally weak. Few vendors do
not follow their assigned market section; such wet goods are mixed up with the dry
goods.
Due to easy access of both consumers and vendors, the Tabunok Market
has various entry points in which it creates difficulties on monitoring by the market
administrator on the deliveries of goods and merchandise.
The vendors, stall and store owners, addresses their problems to the
researchers for the absence of power and water which is excluded from their rental
fee.
Most of the public transportation vehicle occupying the terminal are the
tricycles, which causes displacement of other modes of transportation such as Taxi
cabs, Jeepneys and Habal-habal next to the terminal which often cause traffic
congestion in the area.
Public parking for consumers and market vendors, business owners are
limited in the allotted parking area, these parking areas intended for private
parking, are being used by some public transportation vehicles.
48
CHAPTER 5
Summary, Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations
This chapter gives an overview by extracting its main points with emphasis
on findings discovered. Furthermore, the conclusions derived from the gathered
data is briefly discussed, as well as the recommendations.
Summary
The study is for a new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-City Terminal in
Tabunok, Talisay City Cebu. The general purpose aimed to address the existing
problems and concerns of the current public market and terminal that includes lack
of significant utilities like the absence of water and power supply, pedestrian
congestion, and increase in the number of ambulant vendors. Moreover, the
growing number of public transport and vehicular congestion within the vicinity of
the site was also incorporated.
The descriptive method of research was used in the study since it refers to
solving existing problems and concerns. The subject was the Tabunok Public
Market.
The following are the findings based on data gathered throughout the study.
The existing Tabunok Public Market (TPM) has no main point of entry
or a defined path causing confusion among consumers and vendors;
The existing Tabunok Public Market (TPM) has no support facilities
including the “bagsakan area”, poultry dressing area,
slaughterhouses, warehouses and trading posts;
There is no established day for Tabo;
Water and power supply for most vendors inside TPM is privately
owned and is an opportunity for business by private individuals;
Many of the market vendors operate a market stall without securing
the permits required by the city;
There is no proper drainage facility for wastewater, making it
hazardous for patrons plying TPM;
As per evaluation, TPM does not comply with the sanitation required
by the National Market Code of the Philippines;
That the existing public transport terminal does not have utilities and
facilities to be a functional public transport infrastructure; and
That the existing public transport terminal is for tricycles only.
Therefore, other public modes of transport have no appropriate spot
of pick-up and drop-off for commuters.
Conclusion
50
Recommendations
The current leader of the administration and the respective Council must
craft guidelines for the leasing of units (such as complete business
documents, clearances);
A Memorandum of Agreement between the Administration and amongst the
utilities companies must be undertaken for the water and power supply;
Proper schedules for garbage collection must be followed and respective
rules such as “No Segregation, No Collection” and “No Littering” signs
should be implemented, wherefore, non-conformance shall entail the
payments of fines; and
Talisay City Council must address the drainage problem of the TPM. As a
result of which, a sewage treatment facility must be considered;
51
Public transport facilities have to be provided for the totality of pedestrian
experience in the matter of safety, comfort and convenience.
A. Vehicular Layout
o Access and circulation;
o Interchange operations; and
o Infrastructure
B. Pedestrian space, circulation and facilities
o Pedestrian circulation areas and spaces;
o Passenger loading and unloading;
o Shelters;
o Building structures and accommodation;
o Hardscapes and landscaping;
o Street furniture; and
o Lighting
C. Trading space
D. Signage
o Information / Communications
E. Management
o CCTV equipment;
o Disaster control;
o Maintenance;
o Cleaning; and
o Refuse and storage collection
Provision for the appropriate usage and parking ratio for the identified public
modes of transport.
52
CHAPTER 6
Architectural Programming, Financial and Management Aspect, and
Architectural Solution
This chapter talks about architectural programming that deals with the
thorough and systematic evaluation of the interrelated values, goals, facts and
needs of the Public Market Administration, facility users and the surrounding
community. This chapter tackles on the economic aspect of the study, which
includes the financial management, commercial and business facet. Moreover,
architectural schemes are also involved to guide the researchers in arriving at the
right and standards-based architectural solution.
Architectural Programming
ECONOMICAL
STOCK HOLDERS
DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTING
END-USERS
PROFESSIONALS
PROPOSED
PROJECT
53
Schematics
54
Bubble Diagrams
55
Figure 6.4 Bubble Diagram for Terminal
56
Public Market
57
Terminal
58
Planning and Design Considerations
59
Figure 6.8 Locational distances of building/structures
60
Financial and Management Aspect
A lump sum of Php 20,000.00 per square meter will be used to determine
the project cost. Basing on the given construction value and the lot area for the
public market, the whole project would cost Php 271.060 Million.
Phasing Program
Phasing Program
Phase 1 12
8.5
Phase 2
10
Phase 3
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36
Figure 6.9 shows the phasing duration of the development shown in months.
Grace Period
The grace period for the project is determined on the sources of income of
the new public market with the terminal in order to fully pay the investment. Hence,
the formula for computing the grace period of the project would be:
In determining the Annual Gross Income of the project, Table 6.4 shows
the rental fee rate for different sources of income for the project.
Sources of Income
No. of Rental Fee per Total rent cost Total rent cost per
Slots day (Php) per day (Php) month (Php)
62
Rice and Corn 25 100.00 2,500.00 75,000.00
Rentable 45
Commercial --- 4,000.00 120,000.00
Spaces
Given the value for the Annual Gross Income and the Principal Investment,
the Grace Period of the project would take a period of 15 years.
Return of Investment
63
Management
The project follows the suggestion of the government of the Talisay City
(Appendix J) in which a Public-Private Partnership shall be undertaken. This
scheme is a contractual agreement between the Government and a private firm
directed towards designing, implementing, funding and functional infrastructure
facilities and services that were often provided by the public sector. Under this, is
a Build-Operate-Transfer system in which the operator of the Public Market will
gain its returns through a fee charged to the utility / government rather than tariffs
charged to the patrons.
Figure 6.10 Spectrum of Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure and Development Projects
Source: Official Gazette of the Philippines; Delmon, Jeffrey (2010); World Bank
The role of the private sector in the BOT Modality includes financing and
construction; operation and maintenance of the public market for a fixed term;
collection of fees and charges to recover investments plus profits; transferring the
public market at the end of cooperation period which has the maximum of fifty (50)
years. The role of the government controls activities of the BOT contractor and
acquires the proprietorship of the public market at the end of the cooperation
period.
64
The BOT system assumes possible risks: Politically, the possibility of
immediate dramatic political modification. Financially, the risk of price altering on
raw resources, interest rate fluctuations, cost overruns.
65
Architectural Solution
Underlying are the architectural solutions produced for the new Tabunok
Public Market with an Intra-city Terminal.
Site Analysis
66
Concept
The site Tabunok, derived from the word “tabunos” which is large weaved
basket from tree splints, stems, and grasses for livelihood purposes accurately
describes the location and its locality. The concept serves as the basis in planning,
designing, and manipulating the user-behavior in the structure. Considering the
character of the tabunos relative to the proposed project, accommodating various
types of customers, vendors, and spaces plays a significant role for the zoning and
proper organization of planning and design
67
Site Development Plan
68
Floor Plans
69
70
71
72
73
Electrical Layouts
74
75
Lighting Layouts
76
77
Plumbing Layouts
78
79
Roof Turbine Exhaust Layout
80
81
82
Elevations – Front and Rear
83
Elevations – Left and Right
84
Sections – Longitudinal and Cross
85
86
Architectural Perspectives
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Fruits and Vegetables Stall Dry Goods Stall Type A
95
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Seyed Hassan Khalifeh Soltani et.al (2012) Accessibility for Disabled in Public
Transportation Terminal. Malaysia: Elsevier.
Dictionary
Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
Internet Sources
Retrieved from:
http://www.fresno.gov/NR/rdonlyres/046501F5-2A7C-4530-AE39-
FA52BCF9F32F/26569/Fresnopresentation201301v3small.pdf
HLURB Article IV. IRR to Govern the Processing of Application for Locational
Clearance of Markets
Retrieved from:
http://hlurb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/laws-issuances/policies/Markets.pdf
96
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Retrieved from:
http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/612364/construction-of-public-market-in-
caloocans-biggest-barangay-divides-residents
Retrieved from:
http://www.visitmyphilippines.com/images/ads/f82269f515f45b2ad5c3e3f4
303eb57a.pdf
Case Studies
Retrieved from:
http://wricitieshub.org/online-publications/33-planning-terminal-facilities
97
APPENDIX A: Letter of Intent to Thesis Research Writing Coordinator
Good day!
We the undersigned fifth year architecture students taking up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing,
would like to thank you in advance for being our Thesis Coordinator that may be of help in terms of coming up
the solutions to be addressed on our proposals.
For such, we have chosen the City of Talisay as our area for our studies. Our possible topic would
be in relation to:
The Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-Terminal.
An Intra-Transport Hub in line with Transportation Plannning
Socialized Housing to meet up the requirements on lack of housing in the city
And we are still on the process of identifying other possible topics to come up. Any concerns regarding to this
matter will be noted.
Respectfully yours,
Noted by:
98
APPENDIX B: Letter of Invitation to Adviser
Good day!
We the undersigned fifth year architecture students taking up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing, would like
to take the opportunity in working with you as our adviser for our research studies. We have chosen the City
of Talisay as our area for our studies. We would like you as our advisor because we have known your expertise
on one of our possible topic which is in relation to Urban Planning, the Tabunok Public Market, a Transport
Hub in preparation for the Bus Rapid Transit; and we are still on the process of identifying other possible topics
to come up.
We would be glad if you will choose us as your advisory group. In return, we will commit ourselves to do our
best to look into what you want us to arrive at. We are hopeful to establish a harmonious relationship until the
end of the course and beyond.
Respectfully yours,
Noted by:
99
APPENDIX C: Transmittal Letters
June 6, 2016
Good Day! We the undersigned fifth year Architecture students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University,
is currently taking up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing. We are writing this letter to conduct a personal
interview on you regarding to your plans and projects for Talisay City especially those we can come up for our
research studies.
It would be a pleasure for us to have the interview and discuss the topic. Any issues or concerns regarding
this request would be highly acknowledged by contacting us on this mobile phone number 09323707410 or
email us on vincedm.omaque@gmail.com
We are looking forward to your positive response and cooperation. Thank you.
Sincerely,
100
APPENDIX C: Transmittal Letters
Good Day!
We, the Undersigned Architecture students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University, are currently taking
up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing, who have written a letter of request dated June 29, 2016 for an interview
with you, are again requesting permission to gain access to the LGU’s departments and sections that have a
role to play in the undertaking of the study. In retrospect, the study is about the public market and an intra-city
transportation terminal.
Anent to this, we are writing this letter to request for an authorization to access relevant data and information
associated to the undertaking involving:
The Public Market Administrator’s Office and entry to the market itself;
The Traffic Management Office;
Land Transportation Office or, if a sub-office of the LTFRB is in place;
Department of Engineering & Public Works (involved in the planning, management of
utilities, drainage, etc. in the respective area);
Department of Public Services (for garbage collection, street cleaning);
The City Planning and Development Office; and the
National Census and Statistics Office (local sub-office)
101
APPENDIX C: Transmittal Letters
Dear Sir:
Greetings!
We are Fifth Year Architecture students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University currently taking up AR
541 – Thesis Research Writing. We read an article from The Freeman: Banat News dated July 23, 2016 that
the LGU of Talisay City proposed a new design of the market. Anent to this, we would like to request for an
interview with you relative to this matter at your most convenient time.
It came to our knowledge that solutions have already been in the offing. Wherefore, we would also like to
request data and documents such as:
Architectural drawings;
Structural drawings;
Plumbing and sewage plans; and
POW or Timeframe of the Project
The said documents will be a leverage to the group’s treatment on the problem seen with the assurance that
these shall be held with utmost confidentiality. Rest assured, too, that these documents will only be used to
satisfy a requirement for the degree in B.S. Architecture and not for purposes of implementation by any
personality, entity, or agency.
Your approval to this request is highly appreciated. Hereto attached is a photocopy of a communication
received by the Office of the Mayor and an interview guide for perusal. For any concern relative to this request,
you can contact us through this number 0932-370-7410 or email address vincedm.omaque@gmail.com.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
(Sgd.) Dela Serna, Gilbert II M. (Sgd.) Omaque, Vince Dominique M. (Sgd.) Plaza, Clark Dominic G.
BSARCH – 5 BSARCH – 5 BSARCH – 5
Noted:
Received / Approved:
102
C.3.1 Interview Guide to Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw
The purpose of the interview is for the researchers to have relevant information and opinion
on barangay Tabunok’s public market. This regard to the utilities, sanitation, circulation and design
of the current public market and the proposed one. The response or feedback will be addressed
for the researcher’s design of the proposed Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-city Terminal.
103
APPENDIX C: Transmittal Letters
Your cooperation in answering our questionnaire will greatly help our research.
Rest assured, the answers will be treated with utmost confidentiality and will only
be used for the development of our studies and no political motives are involved.
Enclosure: Questionnaire
104
C.4.1 Questionnaire for Stall, Store Owners and Market Vendors
-Para sa inyong mga tubag, mahimong markahan ug ekis (X) ang Is the space you are occupying appropriate for how
lingin nga tupad sa tubag, Kung naa kamo’y gikalibgan bahin sa mga much you pay?
pangutana mahimo mong makapangutana kanamo. ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
11. Kaigo raba ang imong pwesto sa imong mga
Ehemplo sa unsaon pagtubag: igbabaligya?
Is the space you are occupying appropriate for the
a. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay? storage and placement of the products you are selling?
Are you a resident of Talisay City? ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili 12. Unsa man nga produkto ang inyong gipamaligya?
(mahimog daghan ang markahan)
What are the goods and products are you selling?
Pangalan : ___________________________ Edad : _______
Address : ___________________________ Gender : _______ Produktong Agrikultural / Agricultural Products:
Kita : _____________________________________ ⃝ Bugas / Rice ⃝Utanon/
Vegetables
⃝ Prutas / Fruits
1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay? Produkto gikan sa Dagat / Marine Products:
Are you a resident of Talisay City? ⃝ Isda /Fish ⃝ Kinhason o
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili kapareha / Shell
2. Pila kana ka tuig nga nag negosyo diri sulod sa fish
merkado? ⃝Uban pa:
How long have you been in the business inside the ____________________________
market? Produktong Karne ug Binuhi / Livestock and Poultry
⃝ 0-3 ka tuig ⃝ 3-6 ka tuig ⃝ Karne sa Baboy / Pork
⃝ 6-9 ka tuig ⃝ 9 ka tuig kapin ⃝ Karne sa Manok / Chicken Meat
3. Ikaw ba ang lehitimo nga mugamit sa pwesto? ⃝ Karne sa Baka / Beef
Are you the legitimate user of the stall? ⃝Karne sa:
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili ___________________________
⃝ Itlog
Kung “Oo”, diretso sa ika-unom nga pangutana, kung ⃝ Gatas
“dili” padayon sa sunod nga pangutana ⃝Uban pa:
If “Yes”, proceed to question no.6, if “no” proceed to the ___________________________
next number Panindang “General Merchandise”
⃝ Gamit sa Balay
4. Kinsa ang nagpanag-iya sa pwesto nga inyong gi-
⃝ Gamit Pang-luto
okupahan karon?
⃝ School Supplies
Who owns the stall you are occupying?
⃝ Duwa-an
⃝ Sanina
⃝Uban pa:
5. Gabayad ba mo ug abangan sa lehitimo nga tag-iya ___________________________
sa pwesto? 13. Sa usa ka buwan, kapila mo mag dugang ug pundo
Are you paying rent to the legitimate owner of the stall? para sa inyong ipamaligya?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili How many times in a month do you restock your
6. Unsa ang pamaagi sa pagbayad ninyo sa abangan? commodities?
What are the modes of payment for your rental? ⃝ 0-3 ⃝ 3-6
___ Inadlaw ___ Sinemana ___ Binuwan ⃝ 6-9 ⃝ 9 pataas
7. Pila man ang inyong abangan? 14. Pila ka porsyento ang mahalin sa inyong mga
How much are you paying for the rent? paninda sa kada adlaw?
In terms of percentages, how much of goods are mostly
⃝P 0.00 – P 500.00 sold every day?
⃝ P 500.00 – P 1000.00 ⃝ 25% ⃝ 50% - Katunga
⃝ P 1000.00 – P 1500.00 ⃝ 75% ⃝ 100% - Tanan
⃝ P 1500.00 – P 2000.00 15. Aduna ba kamo’y sakyanan para sa karga susama
⃝ P 2000.00 – P 2500.00 sa inyong paninda?
⃝ P 2500.00 – P 3000.00 Do you have any vehicle to carry your goods?
⃝ P 3000.00 pataas ⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala
8. Lakip na ba ang kuryente sa inyong abangan? 16. Naa bay organisasyon ang mga tindera?
Does the rent include fees for the power? Do you have any vendors’ organization?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala ⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala
9. Lakip na ba ang tubig sa inyong abangan? 17. Kung man gani, miyembro ba kamo sa maong
Does the rent include fees for the water? organisasyon?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala If so, are you a member of that organization?
10. Sakto ra ba ang pwesto nga inyong gigamit para sa ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
inyong gibayad?
Daghang Salamat sa inyong oras og pagtubag.
105
C.4.2 Questionnaire for Public Transport Vehicle Drivers
-Para sa inyong mga tubag, mahimong markahan ug ekis (X) ang -Para sa inyong mga tubag, mahimong markahan ug ekis (X) ang
lingin nga tupad sa tubag, Kung naa kamo’y gikalibgan bahin sa lingin nga tupad sa tubag, Kung naa kamo’y gikalibgan bahin sa
mga pangutana mahimo mong makapangutana kanamo. mga pangutana mahimo mong makapangutana kanamo.
Ehemplo sa unsaon pagtubag: Ehemplo sa unsaon pagtubag:
1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay? 1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay?
Are you a resident of Talisay City? Are you a resident of Talisay City?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
3. Unsa nga klase nga pasahero-an ang imong 3. Unsa nga klase nga pasahero-an ang imong
gigamit? gigamit?
What mode of transport are you using? What mode of transport are you using?
⃝ Jeep pasahero-an ⃝ Habal-habal ⃝ Jeep pasahero-an ⃝ Habal-habal
⃝ Tricycle ⃝ Taxi ⃝ Tricycle ⃝ Taxi
4. Mag-gamitan ka ba sa terminal nga naa tupad sa 4. Mag-gamitan ka ba sa terminal nga naa tupad sa
merkado? merkado?
Do you use the terminal adjacent to the market? Do you use the terminal adjacent to the market?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
5. Gabayad ba mo ug “toll fee” para makasulod sa 5. Gabayad ba mo ug “toll fee” para makasulod sa
terminal? terminal?
Are you paying a toll fee to enter the terminal? Are you paying a toll fee to enter the terminal?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala ⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala
6. Naa bay organisasyon ang mga drayber sa terminal? 6. Naa bay organisasyon ang mga drayber sa terminal?
Does the terminal have any driver’s organization? Does the terminal have any driver’s organization?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala ⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala
7. Kung man gani, miyembro ba kamo sa maong 7. Kung man gani, miyembro ba kamo sa maong
organisasyon? organisasyon?
If so, are you a member of that organization? If so, are you a member of that organization?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
Daghang Salamat sa inyong oras og pagtubag. Daghang Salamat sa inyong oras og pagtubag.
106
APPENDIX D: Computation of Sample Size
The target population from which the samples were taken is within the
Tabunok Public Market and its adjacent terminal. The total population of legitimate
market vendors as of May 2016 is 757 (Tabunok Public Market Administrators)
while the total population of registered public modes of transport for tricycles is
1849 (Business permits and Licensing office).
107
APPENDIX D: Computation of Sample Size
𝑁
𝑛= A total of 330 tricycle drivers
1 + 𝑁𝑒 2
were identified as respondents.
1849
𝑛= However, of the 1849 registered
1 + 1849(5%)2
1849 tricycle franchise where many are
𝑛=
1 + 4.6225 inactive as stated by BPLO Head Ms.
1849 Mary Jane Enrile.
𝑛=
5.6225
Drivers of other modes of
1849
𝑛= transportation such as the jeepney,
2.8925
taxi were included inasmuch as the
𝑛 = 329 ~ 330
number is significant. No provision for
terminal services or spaces were
included.
108
Appendix E: PD 1096 – The National Building Code of the Philippines
For purposes of this Code, all buildings proposed for construction shall be classified or
identified according to the following types:
1. Type I. Type I building shall be a wood construction. The structural elements may
be any of the materials permitted by this Code.
2. Type II. Type II buildings shall be of wood construction with protective fire-resistant
materials and one-hour fire-resistive throughout: Except, that permanent non-
bearing partitions may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing assembly.
3. Type III. Type III buildings shall be of masonry and wood construction. Structural
elements may be any of the materials permitted by this Code: Provided, that the
building shall be one-hour fire-resistive throughout. Exterior walls shall ne of
incombustible fire-resistive construction.
4. Type IV. Type IV buildings shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction.
Walls, ceiling, and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive
construction: Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour fire
resistive construction may be fire-retardant treated wood within the framing
assembly.
5. Type V. Type V buildings shall be fire-resistive. The structural elements shall be
steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings, and permanent
partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction.
109
SECTION 503. Moved Building
Any building or structure moved within or into any fire zone shall be made to comply with the
requirements for buildings in that fire zone.
110
SECTION 604. Fire- Resistive Regulations
The Secretary shall prescribe standards and promulgate rules and regulations on
the testing of construction materials for flame-spread characteristics, tests on fire damages,
fire tests of building construction and materials, door assemblies and tin clad fire doors and
window assemblies, the installation of fire doors and windows and smoke and fire detectors
for fire protective signaling system, application and use of controlled interior finish, fire-
resistive protection for structural members, fire resistive walls and partitions, fire-resistive
floor or roof ceiling, fire-resistive assemblies for protection of openings and fire-retardant
roof coverings.
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RULE VII – CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE
OR OCCUPANCY
Division 2 - Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining
establishments having an occupant load of less than one hundred persons, printing
plants, police and fire stations, factories and workshops using not highly flammable
or combustible materials and paint stores without bulk handlings.
General USE
Classification of
Use/Character of
ZONING CLASSIFICATION
Occupancy of PRINCIPAL ACCESSORY CONDITIONAL
Building/
Structure
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ZONING CLASSIFICATION
UTS (Utilities, Transportation
and Services) – a range of
utilitarian/functional uses or
occupancies, characterized mainly
as a low-rise or medium- rise
building/structure for low to high
intensity community support
functions, e.g.,
terminals/intermodals/ multi-
modals and depots
1. General. The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of any proposed
building/structure shall only be as allowed under this Rule.
2. TGFA Limitation. In Table VII.1. Hereafter, the percentages (%) indicated in the third
(3rd) through eighth (8th) columns, but excluding the multiplier numbers 3, 5, 12,
18, and 30 (which represent the number of storeys/floors), are the percentages of
the Total Lot Area (TLA) that may be used to initially determine the Allowable
Maximum TGFA for a proposed building/structure.
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regulations as well as other environmental considerations, e.g., geological,
hydrological, meteorological, topographical, prevailing traffic conditions, the
availability and capacity of public utility/service systems, etc. (Refer to Guidelines
on Building Bulk at the end of this Rule)
established grade
2. Commercial Commercial 3 (C-3) 48.00 – 180.00
16 – 60
6. Utility / Transportation / 15.00 meters (or must complement the duly-approved BHL in
-
RROW / Services the major zone it is part of)
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Table VII.4. Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking
Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or Occupancy
Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Character of Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking Area and
Occupancy (refer to Occupancies Loading
Section 701 of this Rule) or Type of Buildings/Structures Space Requirements
5. Group E
One (1) car slot for every 500.00 sq. meters of gross
floor area or for a fraction thereof; and one (1) off-
RROW (or off-street) passenger loading space that
Terminal, Inter-modals or Multi-modals, can accommodate two (2) queued jeepney/shuttle
5.1 Division E-1
Depots and the like (UTS) slots or two (2) queued bus slots whichever is
applicable; maneuvering area of buses, trucks and
like vehicles shall be outside of the RROW (within
property or lot lines only)
d. In computing for parking slots, a fraction of 50% and above shall be considered
as one (1) car parking slot to be provided. In all cases however, a minimum of one
(1) car parking slot shall be provided unless otherwise allowed under this Rule.
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SECTION 709. Requirements for Other Group Occupancies
2. Application of the FLAR. The FLAR (Table VII.G.1.) shall be the primary or initial
determinant of the building bulk.
Table VII.G.1. Reference Table of Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR) Designations/Rights
Type of Use or of
Type of Buildings/Structures FLAR Designation/Rights
Occupancy
9.00 up to 34.00
Commercial Commercial 3 (Com-3)
(at a 60-storey or 180.00 m BHL)
Utility / Transportation /
- 2.00 up to 3.00
RROW / Services
1. Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Easements of Light and
View, and to the specific provisions of the Code, every building shall be designed,
constructed, and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation. (Refer to Guidelines
on Easements, View Corridors/Sight Lines and Basements at the end of this Rule)
2. All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly
approved.
3. No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the
relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings under this Rule, or to
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create an additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of
this Rule.
4. No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard would
be less than what is prescribed for such building lot.
4. The following Table illustrates the manner in determining the Maximum Allowable
Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO), Maximum Allowable Impervious Surface Area
(ISA), Maximum Allowable Construction Area (MACA), Minimum Unpaved Surface Area
(USA), and the Total Open Space within Lot (TOSL) with reference to Type of Land Use
Zoning per Lot.
Table VIII.1. Reference Table of Maximum Allowable PSO, Maximum Allowable ISA, the MACA,
the Minimum USA and the TOSL by Type of Land Use Zoning per Lot
vi. Abutments shall be allowed on two (2) sides only or on one (1) side and
the rear property line/boundary for any C-3 lot type/location. There shall
be no abutments on the front property line for any C-3 lot type/location.
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d. Lot Type/Location.
Only seven (7) types of lots and their respective locations are described under this
Rule. (Figures VIII.2. through VIII.8.)
1. Minimum sizes of courts and yards and their least dimensions shall be governed
by the use, type of construction, and height of the building as provided hereunder,
provided that the minimum horizontal dimension of said courts and yards shall be
not less than 2.00 meters. All inner courts shall be connected to a street or yard,
either by a passageway with a minimum width of 1.20 meters or by a door through
a room or rooms.
2. The required open space shall be located totally or distributed anywhere within the
lot in such a manner as to provide maximum light and ventilation into the building.
(Figures VII.12. through VII.15)
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GUIDELINES ON EASEMENTS, VIEW CORRIDORS/SIGHT LINES, STREETS/ROAD RIGHT-
OF WAY (RROW), SIDEWALKS, ARCADES, BASEMENTS, LOTS, AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
OR STRUCTURES
D. SIDEWALKS
4. Sidewalks shall be of uniform width throughout the entire length of the street.
The sidewalk width grade and finish of the dominant use/occupancy along the
RROW shall be generally observed.
6. The width of the sidewalk shall include both the paved and unpaved (planted)
portions. (See Table VIII.G.5.)
iv. Entrance and exits ramps shall have a slope not exceeding 1/10. (Fig.
VIII.G.22.)
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v. Entrance or exit steps shall have treads of not less than 300 millimeters.
The minimum number of steps shall be two (2) with risers not exceeding
100 millimeters.
Note: Higher Percentages (%) may apply for lots with Minimum Total Lot Area (TLA).
MINIMUM
MINIMUM
PERCENTAGE OF OPEN SPACE
PERCENTAGE OF OPEN SPACE
LOT TYPE/ BY OCCUPANCY TYPE**
BY OCCUPANCY TYPE**
LOCATION* (for Proposed Developments
(for Proposed Developments
with Permitted Firewalls or Allowed
without Firewalls or Abutments)
Abutments)
H-1, H-2, H-1, H-2,
A & B (Residential H-4 and I
H-4 and I A & B (Residential
Corner Lot+ or or (Cultural)
(Cultural) and or Institutional) & C,
Through Lot; see Institutional) & C, and E-1 and
E-1 and E-3 D,E-2 and H E-3
Figures D,E-2 and H
(Transportation/ (Institutional) (Transportation/
VIII.4. and VIII.5. (Institutional)
Utility) Utility)
+Note: For corner
lots, the largest 35% *
30%
setback requirement (for all classes of 25% ** 30% #
(for R-1 and all other
shall apply to the cultural use or (for R-2) (for all cultural)
Residential uses or
two (2) sides occupancy) and 20% *** 30% ##
occupancy); and
serviced by the 40% (for other (for all
40% (for all classes
RROW. (for all classes of residential) transportation/
of institutional
transportation/ utility 30%**** utility/services)
uses or occupancy)
use or occupancy) (for all institutional)
Notes:
120
APPENDIX F: RA 9514: Fire Code of the Philippines
6. Mercantile
d. Office, storage, and service facilities incidental to the sale of merchandise and
located in the same building should be considered part of the mercantile occupancy
classification.
A. Classification of Occupancy
2. Sub-classification of Occupancy
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on the street floor only.
d. Storeys not used for sales above or below sales floor are not
counted in the height classification.
e. A mezzanine less than or equal to 1/3 the area (new) or less than
or equal to ½ the area (existing) of the floor below is permitted.
B. Classification of Hazard
1. Exits shall be located not more than twenty-three (23) meters of travel
from any point is needed to reach the nearest exit.
2. From every point there shall be at least two (2) exits accessible by travel
in different directions (no common path of travel).
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C. Occupant Load
a. Street floor, one (I) person for each two and eight-tenths square
meters (2.8 m2) gross floor area. In stores with no street floor as
defined in Division 2 of this Chapter, but with access directly from
the street by stairs or escalators, the principal floor at the point of
entrance to the store shall be considered the street floor. In stores
where due to difference in grade of streets on different sides, there
are two (2) or more floors directly accessible from the street (not
including alleys or similar back streets), each such floor shall be
considered a street floor for the purpose of determining occupant
load.
e. Floor or sections used only for offices, storage, shipping and not
open to the general public: one (1) person for each nine and three-
tenths square meters (9.3 m2) gross floor area.
g. Covered Walls: one (1) person for each two and eight-tenths
square meters (2.8 m2) gross floor area.
A. General
1. All exit facilities shall be in accordance with Division 5 of this Chapter and
this Division. Only types of exits specified in this Section shall be used as
required exit facilities in any mercantile occupancy.
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2. Where a stairway, escalator, outside stair, or ramp serves two (2) or more
upper floors, the same stairway or other exit required to serve anyone (1)
upper floor may also serve other upper floors.
Exception: No inside open stairway, escalator, or ramp may serve as required egress facility
from more than one (1) floor.
3. Where there are two (2) or more floors below the street floor, the same
stairway or other exit may serve all floors, but all required exits from such
areas shall be independent of any open stairways between street and the
floor below it.
4. Where a level outside exit from upper floors is possible owing to hills,
exits from the upper floor also serve as an entrance from a principal street,
the upper floor shall be classified as a street, and is subject to the
requirements of this Section for street floors.
B. Types of Exits
a. Doors;
b. Stairs and Smoke Proof Enclosures;
c. Horizontal exits; and
d. Ramps.
2. In existing interior stair or fire escape not complying with Section 10.2.5.4
or Section 10.2.5.10 of this IRR may be continued in use, subject to the
approval of the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction.
D. Number of Exits
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Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR.
c. Not less than two separate exits shall be accessible from every
part of every storey.
1. Exits shall be remote from each other and shall be arranged to minimize
the possibility that both may be blocked by an emergency.
Exception: A common path may be permitted for the first fifteen (15) meters from any point.
(See Section 10.2.13.1 of this IRR, if there are high hazard contents).
2. The aggregate width of all aisles leading to each exit shall be equal to at
least the required width of the exit.
3. In no case shall aisle be less than eighty centimeters (80 cm) in clear
width.
4. In Class A stores, at least one (1) aisle of one and one-half meters (1.5
m) minimum width shall lead directly to an exit.
5. In the only means of entrance of customer is through one (1) exterior wall
of the building, two-thirds (2/3) of the required exit width shall be located in
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this wall,
Exception: An increase in the above travel distance to forty-six (46) meters shall be
permitted in a building completely protected by an approved, supervised sprinkler system in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR.
1. Not more than one-half (0.5) of the required exit units from any single
floor considered separately discharge through the street floor area.
2. The exits are enclosed in accordance with Section 10.2.6.2 of this IRR,
to the street floor.
4. The street floor doors provide sufficient units of exit width to serve exits
discharging through the street floor in addition to the street floor itself, per
Section 10.2.13.1 of this IRR.
H. Doors
1. Every street floor door shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.3of this
IRR, and a horizontal exit door, if used, in accordance with Section 10.2.5.6
of this IRR.
2. All doors at the foot of stairs from upper floors or at the end of stairs
leading to floors below the street floor shall swing with the exit travel.
126
I. Exit Signs and Lighting
2. Every Class A and Class B store shall have emergency lighting facilities
conforming to Section 10.2.5.11 of this IRR.
127
APPENDIX G: Bus Karo 2.0
128
APPENDIX H: Photographs of Interviews
1. Interview with Hon. Eduardo R. Gullas; Mayor, Talisay City, Cebu dated
June 29, 2016 6:00 PM to 7:00 PM
(from left) researchers Gilbert M. Dela Serna, Clark Dominic Plaza; Hon. Eduardo
R. Gullas and researcher Vince Dominique M. Omaque
2. Interview with Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw; City Engineer, Talisay City, Cebu
dated August 24, 2016, 9:00 AM to 10:30 AM
(from left) researcher Gilbert M. Dela Serna; Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw researchers
Vince Dominique M. Omaque and Clark Dominic Plaza
129
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
130
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
131
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
Image of the parking area for taxi cabs and jeepneys under the overpass bridge.
132
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
133
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
134
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
135
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
Entry point no.2 – located between Building 1 and the adjacent transport
terminal.
Entry point no.3 – market access from the transport terminal to Building 3
136
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
137
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
138
APPENDIX J: Articles and Ordinances
Source of Study
139
APPENDIX J: Articles and Ordinances
Image Source:
https://www.facebook.com/TalisayCity/photos/a.540520126140852.10737
41895.511087289084136/540522506140614/?type=3&theater
140
APPENDIX J: Articles and Ordinances
141
APPENDIX J: Articles and Ordinances
142
GLOSSARY
Ambulant Vendors or Transient Vendors. Are vendors who sells their goods
only for a short, limited, scheduled time. These type of vendors often occur during
early morning or on the evening.
Trade and Commerce. The activity of buying and selling of goods and
services. (www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary)
Urbanization. Is the process by which towns and cities are formed and
become greater as more and more people start living and working in central areas.
143
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL DATA
Nationality : Filipino
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Date of Birth : Oct 29, 1995
Place of Birth : Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu
QUALIFICATIONS
Education
144
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL DATA
Nationality : Filipino
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Date of Birth : April 12, 1996
Place of Birth : Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
QUALIFICATIONS
Education
145
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL DATA
Nationality : Filipino
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Date of Birth : May 2, 1996
Place of Birth : Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
QUALIFICATIONS
Education
146